Displaying publications 41 - 60 of 207 in total

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  1. Fulltext Bird species composition and feeding guilds based on point count and mist netting methods at the Paya Indah Wetland Reserve, Peninsular Malaysia
    Mohamed Zakaria, Muhammad Nawaz Rajpar
    Trop Life Sci Res, 2010;21(2):-.
    MyJurnal
    A comparison study was conducted to determine the bird species composition, relative abundance, species diversity and feeding guilds based on point count (PC) and mist netting (MN) at the Paya Indah Wetland Reserve (PIWR), Peninsular Malaysia. A total of 13872 bird observations belonging to 100 species and 38 families were recorded using the PC method over 15 consecutive months, and a total of 1478 bird individuals
    belonging to 65 species and 33 families were captured using the MN method over 1260 netting hours. The results showed that Treron vernans (1723 observations; 12.42%) was the most abundant bird species using the PC method, whereas Pycnonotus goiavier (378 individuals; 25.64%) was the most abundant bird species using the MN method. The Ardeidae (9 species; 23.68%) was the most dominant family using the PC method, but the Rallidae (6 species; 18.18%) was the most dominant family using the MN method. The PC method produced higher species diversity (Shannon’s N1 = 31.22) and richness (Margalef’s R1 = 10.42) than MN, whereas the MN method produced higher species evenness (McIntosh’s E = 0.86) than the PC method. Frugivore/insectivore comprised of bulbuls, orioles, pigeons and starlings was the most dominant feeding guild in both methods (PC = 27.81% and MN = 32.88%). In contrast, carnivore was the rarest feeding guild in both methods (i.e. PC = 0.17% and MN = 0.20%). These findings indicate that the PC method is more efficient and produces better results than the MN method.
    Matched MeSH terms: Norepinephrine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
  2. Fulltext Global prevalence of myasthenia gravis and the effectiveness of common drugs in its treatment: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    Salari N, Fatahi B, Bartina Y, Kazeminia M, Fatahian R, Mohammadi P, et al.
    J Transl Med, 2021 Dec 20;19(1):516.
    PMID: 34930325 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-03185-7
    BACKGROUND: Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular autoimmune disorder characterized by weakness and disability in the voluntary muscles. There have been several preliminary studies on the epidemiology of myasthenia gravis in different parts of the world and the effectiveness of common drugs in its treatment, but there has been no comprehensive study of the efficacy of common drugs in the treatment of myasthenia gravis. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the epidemiology of myasthenia gravis globally and the effectiveness of common drugs in its treatment using systematic review and meta-analysis.

    METHODS: Research studies were extracted from IranDoc, MagIran, IranMedex, SID, ScienceDirect, Web of Sciences (WoS), ProQuest, Medline (PubMed), Scopus and Google Scholar based on Cochran's seven-step guidelines using existing keywords extracted in MeSH browser. The I2 test was used to calculate the heterogeneity of studies, and Begg and Mazumdar rank correlation tests were used to assess publication bias. Data were analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software (Version 2).

    RESULTS: In the search for descriptive studies based on the research question, 7374 articles were found. After deleting articles unrelated to the research question, finally, 63 articles with a sample size of 1,206,961,907 people were included in the meta-analysis. The prevalence of MG worldwide was estimated to be 12.4 people (95% CI 10.6-14.5) per 100,000 population. For analytical studies on the effectiveness of common myasthenia gravis drugs, 4672 articles were found initially, and after removing articles unrelated to the research question, finally, 20 articles with a sample size of 643 people in the drug group and 619 people in the placebo group were included in the study. As a result of the combination of studies, the difference between the mean QMGS score index after taking Mycophenolate and Immunoglobulin or plasma exchange drugs in the group of patients showed a significant decrease of 1.4 ± 0.77 and 0.62 ± 0.28, respectively (P < 0.01).

    CONCLUSION: The results of systematic review of drug evaluation in patients with myasthenia gravis showed that Mycophenolate and Immunoglobulin or plasma exchange drugs have positive effects in the treatment of MG. It also represents the positive effect of immunoglobulin or plasma exchange on reducing SFEMG index and QMGS index and the positive effect of Mycophenolate in reducing MG-ADL index, SFEMG and Anti-AChR antibodies index. In addition, based on a meta-analysis of the random-effect model, the overall prevalence of MG in the world is 12.4 people per 100,000 population, which indicates the urgent need for attention to this disease for prevention and treatment.

    Matched MeSH terms: Plasma Exchange
  3. Fulltext Three-dimensional culture environment increases the efficacy of platelet rich plasma releasate in prompting skin fibroblast differentiation and extracellular matrix formation
    Rothan HA, Djordjevic I, Bahrani H, Paydar M, Ibrahim F, Abd Rahmanh N, et al.
    Int J Med Sci, 2014;11(10):1029-38.
    PMID: 25136258 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.8895
    Platelet rich plasma clot- releasate (PRCR) shows significant influence on tissue regeneration in clinical trials. Although, the mechanism of PRCR effect on fibroblast differentiation has been studied on 2D culture system, a detailed investigation is needed to establish the role of PRCR in cell seeded in 3D scaffolds. Therefore, a study was conducted to evaluate the influence of PRCR in fibroblasts (DFB) differentiation and extracellular matrix formation on both 3D and 2D culture systems. Cell viability was measured using MTT assay and DFB differentiation was evaluated by determining the expression levels of nucleostamin and alpha smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), using indirect immunostaining and Western blotting. The expression levels of extracellular matrix genes (collagen-I, collagen-III, fibronectin and laminin) and focal adhesion formation gene (integrin beta-1) were measured using Real-time PCR. The PRCR at 10% showed significant effect on cells viability compared with 5% and 20% in both culture environments. The decrease in the expression levels of nucleostamin and the increase in α-SMA signify the DFB differentiation to myofibroblast-like cells that was prominently greater in 3D compared to 2D culture. In 3D culture systems, the total collage production, expression levels of the extracellular matrix gene and the focal adhesion gene were increased significantly compared to 2D culture. In conclusion, 3D culture environments enhances the proliferative and differentiation effects of PRCR on DFB, thereby potentially increases the efficacy of DFB for future tissue engineering clinical application.
    Matched MeSH terms: Platelet-Rich Plasma/cytology*; Platelet-Rich Plasma/metabolism*
  4. Fulltext Development of simple designs of multitip probe diagnostic systems for RF plasma characterization
    Naz MY, Shukrullah S, Ghaffar A, Rehman NU
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:279868.
    PMID: 24683326 DOI: 10.1155/2014/279868
    Multitip probes are very useful diagnostics for analyzing and controlling the physical phenomena occurring in low temperature discharge plasmas. However, DC biased probes often fail to perform well in processing plasmas. The objective of the work was to deduce simple designs of DC biased multitip probes for parametric study of radio frequency plasmas. For this purpose, symmetric double probe, asymmetric double probe, and symmetric triple probe diagnostic systems and their driving circuits were designed and tested in an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) generated by a 13.56 MHz radio frequency (RF) source. Using I-V characteristics of these probes, electron temperature, electron number density, and ion saturation current was measured as a function of input power and filling gas pressure. An increasing trend was noticed in electron temperature and electron number density for increasing input RF power whilst a decreasing trend was evident in these parameters when measured against filling gas pressure. In addition, the electron energy probability function (EEPF) was also studied by using an asymmetric double probe. These studies confirmed the non-Maxwellian nature of the EEPF and the presence of two groups of the energetic electrons at low filling gas pressures.
    Matched MeSH terms: Plasma Gases/analysis*; Plasma Gases/chemistry*
  5. Primary plasma cell leukemia presented as progressive paraplegia: a case report
    Hasmoni MH, Wahid FA, Keng CS
    South. Med. J., 2009 Jan;102(1):101-3.
    PMID: 19077786 DOI: 10.1097/SMJ.0b013e31818018c1
    Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is a rare plasma cell disorder. It is the leukemic variant of multiple myeloma. A 52-year-old man with an atypical presentation of primary plasma cell leukemia is reported. The patient presented with paraparesis which progressively worsened to paraplegia. MRI of the spine showed an extradural mass causing cord compression and multiple bony erosions from soft tissue masses. Peripheral blood film examination and bone marrow aspiration showed numerous plasmablasts. Atypical cells expressed surface and cytoplasmic lambda light chain on immunochemical studies, surface CD45 and CD38. To our knowledge, primary PCL presenting with progressive paraplegia has not been reported in the literature.
    Matched MeSH terms: Leukemia, Plasma Cell/complications*; Leukemia, Plasma Cell/pathology
  6. Reconstruction of living bilayer human skin equivalent utilizing human fibrin as a scaffold
    Mazlyzam AL, Aminuddin BS, Fuzina NH, Norhayati MM, Fauziah O, Isa MR, et al.
    Burns, 2007 May;33(3):355-63.
    PMID: 17321690
    Our aim of this study was to develop a new methodology for constructing a bilayer human skin equivalent to create a more clinical compliance skin graft composite for the treatment of various skin defects. We utilized human plasma derived fibrin as the scaffold for the development of a living bilayer human skin equivalent: fibrin-fibroblast and fibrin-keratinocyte (B-FF/FK SE). Skin cells from six consented patients were culture-expanded to passage 1. For B-FF/FK SE formation, human fibroblasts were embedded in human fibrin matrix and subsequently another layer of human keratinocytes in human fibrin matrix was stacked on top. The B-FF/FK SE was then transplanted to athymic mice model for 4 weeks to evaluate its regeneration and clinical performance. The in vivo B-FF/FK SE has similar properties as native human skin by histological analysis and expression of basal Keratin 14 gene in the epidermal layer and Collagen type I gene in the dermal layer. Electron microscopy analysis of in vivo B-FF/FK SE showed well-formed and continuous epidermal-dermal junction. We have successfully developed a technique to engineer living bilayer human skin equivalent using human fibrin matrix. The utilization of culture-expanded human skin cells and fibrin matrix from human blood will allow a fully autologous human skin equivalent construction.
    Matched MeSH terms: Plasma/cytology; Plasma/physiology*
  7. Cutaneous involvement of multiple myeloma
    Mohtarrudin N, Bakrin IH, Ambrose D, Jo Lyn L, Mukhtar NSA
    Malays J Pathol, 2021 Apr;43(1):75-79.
    PMID: 33903309
    Cutaneous multiple myeloma (MM) is a rare disease. It can be primary or secondary in origin. The secondary type is further classified into specific and nonspecific types. The specific type is uncommon and is known as a secondary cutaneous plasmacytoma. We report a case of secondary cutaneous plasmacytoma in a 58-year-old man who had a history of plasma cell tumour of the lung and multiple myeloma. He achieved complete remission after the completion of chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT). However, five months later, he developed multiple erythematous nodules on the whole body. Skin biopsy revealed diffuse neoplastic cells infiltrate in the reticular dermis with sparing of the upper papillary dermis and epidermis. The neoplastic cells were monotonous and homogenous with variable degrees of cytological atypia. Occasional cells showed distinctive plasma cell features. Plasma cell lineage was confirmed with CD138. The cells were immunoreactive to Kappa. Ki-67 was greater than 90%. They were non-immunoreactive to CD45, CD3, CD20, CD79 alpha and CK AE1/AE3. The findings were consistent with secondary cutaneous plasmacytoma. Our case illustrates that MM may present with nonspecific dermatological manifestations. As specific cutaneous involvement of MM is very uncommon; a high degree of clinical suspicion, detailed medical history and histopathological examination are required to arrive at an early diagnosis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Plasma; Plasma Cells; Plasmacytoma; Neoplasms, Plasma Cell
  8. High cut-off hemofiltration versus standard hemofiltration: a pilot assessment of effects on indices of apoptosis
    Atan R, Virzi GM, Peck L, Ramadas A, Brocca A, Eastwood G, et al.
    Blood Purif., 2014;37(4):296-303.
    PMID: 25096908 DOI: 10.1159/000363220
    To measure plasma pro-apoptotic and pro-necrotic activity in severe acute kidney injury (AKI) patients within a randomized controlled trial of continuous veno-venous hemofiltration with high cut-off filters (CVVH-HCO) versus standard filters (CVVH-Std).
    Matched MeSH terms: Plasma/metabolism; Plasma/chemistry
  9. Do colloids in comparison to crystalloids for fluid resuscitation improve mortality?
    Naing CM, Win DK
    Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg, 2010 May;104(5):311-2.
    PMID: 20206954 DOI: 10.1016/j.trstmh.2010.02.001
    Permanent neurological impairment or death arising from hospital-acquired hyponatremia in both children and adults is well documented. The choice of intravenous fluids for fluid resuscitation in critically ill patients is a top priority in evidence-based medicine. The question of whether colloids in comparison to crystalloids can improve mortality in such cases remains to be answered. Well powered, randomized clinical trials addressing the comparative efficacy of different types of intravenous fluids is a high priority as is the ethical justification for such trials. The understanding of the pathophysiological process serves important information on clinical practice.
    Matched MeSH terms: Plasma Substitutes/adverse effects; Plasma Substitutes/therapeutic use*
  10. Fine-needle aspiration cytology in Kimura's disease
    Jayaram G, Peh KB
    Diagn Cytopathol, 1995 Nov;13(4):295-9.
    PMID: 8599911
    Three patients presenting with parotid, submandibular, and/or lymph node masses were subjected to fine-needle aspiration cytology. Smears showed dissociated and clustered endothelial cells, eosinophils, lymphocytes, and Warthin Finkeldey giant cells. In two cases a diagnosis of Kimura's disease was suggested from the FNA cytologic smears. In the third case the presence of mononucleate cells with prominent nucleoli led to a suspicion of Hodgkin's disease. Excision biopsy and histopathologic study established a diagnosis of Kimura's disease in all three cases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Plasma Cells/immunology; Plasma Cells/pathology
  11. Platelet-rich plasma with keratinocytes and fibroblasts enhance healing of full-thickness wounds
    Law JX, Chowdhury SR, Saim AB, Idrus RBH
    J Tissue Viability, 2017 Aug;26(3):208-215.
    PMID: 28615133 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtv.2017.05.003
    Advances in tissue engineering led to the development of various tissue-engineered skin substitutes (TESS) for the treatment of skin injuries. The majority of the autologous TESS required lengthy and costly cell expansion process to fabricate. In this study, we determine the possibility of using a low density of human skin cells suspended in platelet-rich plasma (PRP)-enriched medium to promote the healing of full-thickness skin wounds. To achieve this, full-thickness wounds of size 1.767 cm2 were created at the dorsum part of nude mice and treated with keratinocytes (2 × 104 cells/cm2) and fibroblasts (3 × 104 cells/cm2) suspended in 10% PRP-enriched medium. Wound examination was conducted weekly and the animals were euthanized after 2 weeks. Gross examination showed that re-epithelialization was fastest in the PRP+cells group at both day 7 and 14, followed by the PRP group and NT group receiving no treatment. Only the PRP+cells group achieved complete wound closure by 2 weeks. Epidermal layer was presence in the central region of the wound of the PRP+cells and PRP groups but absence in the NT group. Comparison between the PRP+cells and PRP groups showed that the PRP+cells-treated wound was more mature as indicated by the presence of thinner epidermis with single cell layer thick basal keratinocytes and less cellular dermis. In summary, the combination of low cell density and diluted PRP creates a synergistic effect which expedites the healing of full-thickness wounds. This combination has the potential to be developed as a rapid wound therapy via the direct application of freshly harvested skin cells in diluted PRP.
    Matched MeSH terms: Platelet-Rich Plasma/cytology*; Platelet-Rich Plasma/metabolism
  12. Fulltext Eight patients with inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor treated with rigid bronchoscopy
    Jeong BH, Ho RL, Lee HY, Han J, Kim H
    BMC Pulm Med, 2025 Jan 24;25(1):37.
    PMID: 39856620 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-025-03476-5
    BACKGROUND: Pulmonary inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) accounts for 0.04-0.7% of all lung tumors, and endobronchial IMT accounts for only 10% of all pulmonary IMTs. Little is known about the therapeutic outcomes of rigid bronchoscopy for endobronchial IMT. Here, we report a case series of eight patients with endobronchial IMT underwent rigid bronchoscopy.

    METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed eight patients with endobronchial IMT between January 2004 and December 2023.

    RESULTS: The median age of our patients was 36 years, and 62.5% were male. Dyspnea was the predominant symptom in cases where the tumor was centrally located (n = 6), whereas hemoptysis was the predominant symptom in peripherally located tumors (n = 2). Most cases had high contrast enhancement and a tumor stalk without bronchial wall invasion on computed tomography (CT) and bronchoscopy. Complete endoscopic resection and laser cauterization via rigid bronchoscopy were possible in five patients. There were only two cases in which tumors remained after the procedure, requiring additional treatment (chemotherapy and surgical resection, respectively). In one patient, surgical resection was performed three weeks after the procedure, and the surgical specimen was free of residual tumor. There was no mortality during the median follow-up duration of 18.8 months.

    CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic resection and laser cauterization using rigid bronchoscopy may serve as a safe and effective alternative treatment modality to surgery for patients with endobronchial IMT.

    Matched MeSH terms: Plasma Cell Granuloma, Pulmonary/pathology; Plasma Cell Granuloma, Pulmonary/surgery
  13. Monoclonal antibodies specific to heat-treated porcine blood
    Raja Nhari RM, Hamid M, Rasli NM, Omar AR, El Sheikha AF, Mustafa S
    J Sci Food Agric, 2016 May;96(7):2524-31.
    PMID: 26611757 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7547
    Porcine blood is potentially being utilized in food as a binder, gelling agent, emulsifier or colorant. However, for certain communities, the usage of animal blood in food is strictly prohibited owing to religious concerns and health reasons. This study reports the development of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against heat-treated soluble proteins (HSPs) of autoclaved porcine blood; characterization of MAbs against blood, non-blood and plasma from different animal species using qualitative indirect non-competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA); and immunoblotting of antigenic components in HSPs of porcine blood.
    Matched MeSH terms: Plasma
  14. Fulltext Plasma Cystatin C and estimates of Glomerular filtration rate using Cystatin C independently diagnose acute kidney injury in critically ill patients with Sepsis
    Azrina Md Ralib, Iqbalmunawwir Ab Rashid, Nur Aisyah Ishak, Suhaila Nanyan, Nur Fariza Ramly, Mohd Basri Mat Nor
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2017;16(11):8-8.
    MyJurnal
    Plasma Cystatin C (CysC) is as an early functional marker for acute kidney
    injury. Estimates of glomerular filtration rate using CysC (eGFRCysC) has been used in
    some clinical setting. We evaluated the utility of CysC and eGFRCysC in diagnosing acute
    kidney injury (AKI) and predicting death in critically ill patients with sepsis. (Copied from article).
    Matched MeSH terms: Plasma
  15. Exosomal microRNAs in the development of essential hypertension and its potential as biomarkers
    Tan PPS, Hall D, Chilian WM, Chia YC, Mohd Zain S, Lim HM, et al.
    Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 2021 04 01;320(4):H1486-H1497.
    PMID: 33577433 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00888.2020
    MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small regulatory molecules that are involved in posttranscriptional modifications. These noncoding RNAs are usually ferried by extracellular carriers such as exosomes or other protein and lipid carriers inside a range of body fluids including plasma and urine. Due to their ability to withstand harsh external conditions, exosomal miRNAs possess enormous potential as noninvasive disease biomarkers for, notably hypertension, whereby exosomal miRNAs have been implicated in its pathophysiological processes. More importantly, alterations in the microenvironment as a result of disease progression can induce active and selective loading of miRNAs into exosomes. In this paper, we first review the mechanisms of miRNA loading into exosomes, followed by the roles of exosomal miRNAs in the development of hypertension, and the potentials of exosomal miRNAs as biomarkers in comparison with other free circulating miRNAs. Finally, challenges and future research surrounding exosomal miRNAs will also be discussed. This review will aid in the understanding of noninvasive biomarkers for the early diagnosis of hypertension and for probing therapeutic efficacy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Plasma
  16. ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METAL CONCENTRATION IN MARINE SEDIMENTS IN TERENGGANU WATERS
    YIP TAIM HING, TAN EVONNE, POONG JUN HAN, TEE LIAN SHENG, MUHAMMAD HASBI RAMLI, ONG MENG CHUAN, et al.
    UMT Journal of Undergraduate Research, 2020;3(2):1-12.
    MyJurnal
    The distribution of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb) in surface sediments was examined in waters off the coast of Marang, Terengganu. A total of 20 samples were collected using Ponar grab and analysed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer after closed digestion with acid. The sediments were filtered using a dry sieving method to determine their particle size. The spatial distribution maps on the concentration of selected metals were drawn using the ArcGIS software. Results showed that the average concentration of Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb were 2.33±0.38 µg/g dry weight, 28.4±3.78 µg/g dry weight, 0.09±0.01 µg/g dry weight and 8.35±1.48 µg/g dry weight, respectively. The level of pollution was also evaluated using the Index of Geoaccumulation (Igeo) and Pollution Load Index (PLI). All Igeo and PLI values obtained were low, which indicated low or no pollution. Meanwhile, the sediment mean size ranged between -0.77Ø and 3.18Ø, which characterised a sandy type of sediment. Correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between the heavy metals and sediment size. The results indicated that there was a common source of heavy metal pollution in the study area, possibly from shipping activities. Overall, there was no significant heavy metal pollution in the waters off Marang. This finding is important as the data could be used to evaluate the risk of metal contamination and the impact of anthropogenic activities on the marine environment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Plasma
  17. Fulltext Determining the effectiveness of the different preparation protocols for platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in yielding higher concentrations of platelets
    Kavitha, G., Sangeetha, V.N., Shani, S., Murali, M.R., Raja, E.A., Rukmanikanthan, S., et al.
    JUMMEC, 2011;14(2):1-6.
    MyJurnal
    INTRODUCTION: Despite the various methods described in producing platelet-rich plasma (PRP), it is well established that this biological product in its many preparations have been proven to enhance wound healing. However, very little have been known about the efficacy of these methods hence there is a lack of evidence in the superiority of one method over another. Thus, a study was conducted to compare these different protocols to determine which produces the highest concentration of platelets.
    METHODS: Peripheral blood was obtained from 24 healthy volunteers. Four different protocols using similar 2 step centrifugation methods of preparing PRP were applied to an equal number of samples in this study. Platelet counts were performed on whole blood (without processing), PRP preparations and platelet-poor plasma (PPP).
    RESULTS: All protocols produced higher amounts of platelet concentrates in PRP preparations than plasma. However, centrifugation at 150g for 10 minutes followed by another at 450g at 10 minutes produces significantly higher amount of platelets concentration (p<0.05)
    CONCLUSION: Optimizing the protocols to produce PRP appears to be important in obtaining a maximal yield of platelet concentrate. Here the protocol described has shown to provide significant concentration yield over all others.
    Keywords: platelet-rich-plasma, growth factors, centrifugal forces
    Matched MeSH terms: Platelet-Rich Plasma
  18. Fulltext Factors influencing locum practice among government medical officers in Negri Sembilan and Malacca
    Mohd Anis, H., Syed Mohamed, A., Ahmad Razid, S.
    Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2006;6(2):20-25.
    MyJurnal
    A cross»sectional study using self administered questionnaires on sociodemographic and service factors influencing locum practice was undertaken among all Government medical officers in Negeri Sembilan and Malacca for 8 months from 2 7 April 1999 to 9. l January ZOOO. Universally chosen samples were made of 335 Government medical officers from both the 'Public Health Division' and ”Hospital Division' and from 154 who responded, only 147 samples were chosen and analysed in the study. Results revealed that locum were still being practised by 51 .9% of male Government medical officers, 41 .0% of Government medical ofhcers aged less than 30 years, 43.4% of Government medical officers who had served less than 5 years and 55.6% of Government medical officers who had earned nett income less than RM 1 000. Meanwhile, 80.9% of Government medical officers who had earned gross income more than RM 5 OOO did not practice locum during the study. Logistic Regression analysis then revealed that locum practice among Government medical ofhcers can positively be influenced by gender (male) , Malay ethnic, service duration of less than 5 years, practice in the 'Public Health Divisionl and nett income of less than RM 1 OOO (p
    Matched MeSH terms: Norepinephrine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
  19. Fulltext Effect of higher centrifugation speed and shortened centrifugation time on prothrombin and activated thromboplastin time
    Azlin, I., Hafiza, A., Azma, R.Z., Aidifitrina, R.K., Hamidah, N.H.
    Medicine & Health, 2011;6(1):68-72.
    MyJurnal
    Centrifugation of blood samples to produce platelet-poor plasma is one of the important steps for coagulation testing. Reduction of the time required for specimen processing without affecting quality of results should be ideal for tests which require immediate results. Centrifugation of platelet-poor plasma (3580 rpm) for 15 minutes performed for routine coagulation tests would prolong the turn-around time for an urgent test (30 minutes). This study was done to determine the effect of reducing centrifugation time for routine coagulation tests in order to meet the turn-around time (TAT) for urgent tests. Seventy-nine blood samples sent for routine coagulation tests, were assayed for prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen level and platelet counts, using two different centrifugation speed for plasma preparation: centrifugation at 3580 rpm for 15 minutes and rapid centrifugation at 4000 rpm for five minutes. Paired sample t-test showed that there was a significant
    difference in the platelet count between the two groups (p=0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the normal APTT (p=0.16), abnormal APTT (p=0.80), abnormal PT (p=0.43) and the results of fibrinogen levels (p=0.36). In conclusion, rapid centrifugation at 4000 rpm for five minutes does not modify results of routine coagulation tests (PT, APTT and fibrinogen). It would be beneficial in providing rapid results for urgent coagulation tests.
    Matched MeSH terms: Plasma
  20. Fulltext Field emission of nitrogen-doped diamond-like-carbon (DLC) thin film
    Khairul Anuar Mohamad, Okuyama, Naoki, Razak Mohd. Ali Lee
    Journal of Nuclear and Related Technologies, 2007;2007(1):189-193.
    MyJurnal
    An experimental study of the field emission from nitrogen doped Diamond-Like-Carbon (DLC) thin films prepared by plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) was carried out for the purpose of investigating the characteristic of field electron emission from the surface of nitrogen doped DLC thin film. Thin DLC film was deposited on silicon using the plasma CVD method, from a mixture of Methane (CH4), Helium (He) and Nitrogen (N2) at room temperature. Emission current was measured while high volume of voltage was applied between the cathode-anode diode structures. Barrier height was obtained by current density-electric field (J-E) characteristic in the relation of Fowler-Nordheim equation. The value of barrier height in range of 0.03eV to 0.06eV was obtained and considered as low barrier.
    Matched MeSH terms: Plasma
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