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Acute effect of static and dynamic stretching on hip dynamic range of motion during instep kicking in professional soccer players

Amiri-Khorasani M, Abu Osman NA, Yusof A

J Strength Cond Res, 2011 Jun;25(6):1647-52.
PMID: 21358428 DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181db9f41

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of static and dynamic stretching within a pre-exercise warm-up on hip dynamic range of motion (DROM) during instep kicking in professional soccer players. The kicking motions of dominant legs were captured from 18 professional adult male soccer players (height: 180.38 ± 7.34 cm; mass: 69.77 ± 9.73 kg; age: 19.22 ± 1.83 years) using 4 3-dimensional digital video cameras at 50 Hz. Hip DROM at backward, forward, and follow-through phases (instep kick phases) after different warm-up protocols consisting of static, dynamic, and no-stretching on 3 nonconsecutive test days were captured for analysis. During the backswing phase, there was no difference in DROM after the dynamic stretching compared with the static stretching relative to the no-stretching method. There was a significant difference in DROM after the dynamic stretching compared with the static stretching relative to the no-stretching method during (a) the forward phase with p < 0.03, (b) the follow-through phase with p < 0.01, and (c) all phases with p < 0.01. We concluded that professional soccer players can perform a higher DROM of the hip joint during the instep kick after dynamic stretching incorporated in warm-ups, hence increasing the chances of scoring and injury prevention during soccer games.

Matched MeSH terms: Range of Motion, Articular/physiology*
Breakage of an intramedullary rod after bone union in congenital pseudoarthrosis of the tibia: a report of two cases

Sulaiman AR, Simbak N, Wan Ismail WF, Wan Z, Halim AS

J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong), 2011 Aug;19(2):250-3.
PMID: 21857057

We report 2 patients with congenital pseudoarthrosis of the tibia who underwent intramedullary Rush rod transfixation through the ankle joint following refracture and nonunion of vascularised fibular grafting 6 and 8 months earlier. After 9 and 5 years, both Rush rods were broken at the level of the ankle joints, while the reconstructed area was solidly united. The growth of the distal tibia increased the distance of the tips of the broken rod and hence the ankle joint motion. The broken tips may damage the articular cartilage and result in valgus deformity of the ankle and limb length discrepancy.

Matched MeSH terms: Range of Motion, Articular
A modified surgical technique for neglected fracture of lateral humeral condyle in children

Sulaiman AR, Munajat I, Mohd EF

J Pediatr Orthop B, 2011 Nov;20(6):366-71.
PMID: 21716140 DOI: 10.1097/BPB.0b013e32834920df

Operative treatment for neglected fracture of lateral humeral condyle (LHC) is difficult because of contracted muscle, fibrous tissue formation, and indistinct bony edges. Its success depends on the ability to preserve blood supply during the surgery. We retrospectively reviewed eight cases of neglected fracture of LHC in children treated with open reduction with selected multiple 'V' lengthening of common extensor muscle and internal fixation. The patients were between 3 and 8 years of age. The period of neglect was between 3 and 20 weeks. Four patients with displacement of more than 10 mm and neglect for 5 weeks or more required lengthening of common extensor muscle aponeurosis. The follow-up assessments were between 1 and 6.3 years with a mean of 4.4 years. All patients had union by 2 months. They gained improvement of flexion range of motion between 60° and 120° with a mean of 86.3°. Loss of final range of motion compared with the normal side was between 5° and 35° with a mean of 10°. No patient had limitation of activities or pain. Six cases had excellent and two cases had good Dillon functional score. All patients had lateral condyle prominent with different severities. There was one mild avascular necrosis and one fishtail deformity. Both of them had almost full range of motion. All patients had early physeal closure, except one, who had only 1 year follow-up. There was no case of progressive valgus deformity. Children with neglected fracture of LHC would benefit from anatomical reduction and internal fixation through a proper exposure and if indicated combined with multiple 'V' lengthening of common extensor muscle aponeurosis. This is a level IV study.

Matched MeSH terms: Range of Motion, Articular
Fulltext Outcome of surgically treated Lisfranc injury: a review of 34 cases

Miswan MF, Singh VA, Yasin NF

Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg, 2011 Nov;17(6):504-8.
PMID: 22290002 DOI: 10.5505/tjtes.2011.04809

We reviewed cases with Lisfranc injuries who presented to our center in order to study the adequacy of the treatment method and their final functional outcome.

Matched MeSH terms: Range of Motion, Articular
Fulltext Electromyographic activity and applied load during high intensity elastic resistance and nautilus machine exercises

Aboodarda SJ, Shariff MA, Muhamed AM, Ibrahim F, Yusof A

J Hum Kinet, 2011 Dec;30:5-12.
PMID: 23487250 DOI: 10.2478/v10078-011-0067-0

This study was designed to quantify and compare Electromyographic activity (EMG) and applied load in quadriceps muscle within performing high intensity knee extension exercises by Elastic Resistance (ER) and Nautilus Machine (NM). Sixteen male and female subjects (22.4 ± 4.7 yrs) completed 8 RM seated knee extension by NM, elastic tubing with original length (E0) and elastic tubing with 30% decrement of original length (E30). The mean value of EMG and external force were calculated and synchronized across various segments of motion for the three modes of training. The results demonstrated that in the early concentric and late eccentric segments of contraction, NM elicited significantly higher muscle activation than both E30 and E0 (p < 0.05). However, in the mid-concentric and mid-eccentric as well as late concentric and early eccentric segments no significant differences were observed between NM and E30. These findings supported the approach that developing external recoil of force in ER device by reducing 30% of initial length of elastic material can offer similar neuromuscular activation compared with NM. On this basis, E30 can be suggested as an affordable and non-gym based exercise device which has the capacity to provide an appropriate high resistance stimulus to meet the training requirement of athletes.

Matched MeSH terms: Motion
Ion conductive polymer electrolyte membranes and simulation of their fractal growth patterns

Amir S, Mohamed N, Hashim Ali S

Sains Malaysiana, 2011;40:1123-1127.

Due to their high ionic conductivity, solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) systems have attracted wide spread attention as the most appropriate choice to fabricate all-solid-state electrochemical devices, namely batteries, sensors and fuel cells. In this work, ion conductive polymer electrolyte membranes have been prepared for battery fabrication. However, fractals were found to grow in these polymer electrolyte membranes weeks after they were prepared. It was believed that the formation of fractal aggregates in these membranes were due to ionic movement. The discovery of fractal growth pattern can be used to understand the effects of such phenomenon in the polymer electrolyte membranes. Digital images of the fractal growth patterns were taken and a simulation model was developed based on the Brownian motion theory and a fractal dialect known as L-system. A computer coding has been designed to simulate and visualize the fractal growth.

Matched MeSH terms: Motion
Functional outcomes of conservatively treated clavicle fractures

Bajuri MY, Maidin S, Rauf A, Baharuddin M, Harjeet S

Clinics (Sao Paulo), 2011;66(4):635-9.
PMID: 21655759

OBJECTIVE: The main aim of the study was to analyze the outcomes of clavicle fractures in adults treated non-surgically and to evaluate the clinical effects of displacement, fracture patterns, fracture location, fracture comminution, shortening and fracture union on shoulder function.
METHODS: Seventy clavicle fractures were non-surgically treated in the Orthopedics Department at the Tuanku Ja'afar General Hospital, a tertiary care hospital in Seremban, Malaysia, an average of six months after injury. The clavicle fractures were treated conservatively with an arm sling and a figure-eight splint for three weeks. No attempt was made to reduce displaced fractures, and the patients were allowed immediate free-shoulder mobilization, as tolerated. They were prospectively evaluated clinically and radiographically. Shoulder function was evaluated using the Constant scoring technique.
RESULTS: There were statistically significant functional outcome impairments in non-surgically treated clavicle fractures that correlated with the fracture type (comminution), the fracture displacement (21 mm or more), shortening (15 mm or more) and the fracture union (malunion).
CONCLUSION: This article reveals the need for surgical intervention to treat clavicle fractures and improve shoulder functional outcomes.

Matched MeSH terms: Range of Motion, Articular/physiology*
Effects of different implant-abutment connections on micromotion and stress distribution: prediction of microgap formation

Saidin S, Abdul Kadir MR, Sulaiman E, Abu Kasim NH

J Dent, 2012 Jun;40(6):467-74.
PMID: 22366313 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2012.02.009

The aim of this study was to analyse micromotion and stress distribution at the connections of implants and four types of abutments: internal hexagonal, internal octagonal, internal conical and trilobe.

Matched MeSH terms: Motion
Fulltext Platelet-rich plasma (PRP): an adjuvant to hasten hamstring muscle recovery. A randomized controlled trial protocol (ISCRTN66528592)

A Hamid MS, Mohamed Ali MR, Yusof A, George J

BMC Musculoskelet Disord, 2012 Aug 06;13:138.
PMID: 22866670 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2474-13-138

BACKGROUND: Muscle injuries are one of the commonest injuries affecting athletes. It often leads to significant pain and disability causing loss of training and competition time. With current treatment, the duration to return-to-play ranges form six weeks to never, depending on injury severity. Recent researches have suggested that autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injection into the injured site may hasten soft tissues healing. To-date, there has been no randomised clinical trials to evaluate the effects of PRP on muscle healing. The aim of this study is to examine the effects of autologous PRP on duration to return-to-play after muscle injury.
METHODS AND DESIGN: A randomised, single blind controlled trial will be conducted. Twenty-eight patients aged 18 years and above with a recent grade-2 hamstring injury will be invited to take part. Participants will be randomised to receive either autologous PRP injection with rehabilitation programme, or rehabilitation programme only. Participants will be followed up at day three of study and then weekly for 16 weeks. At each follow up visit, participants will be assessed on readiness to return-to-play using a set of criteria. The primary end-point is when participants have fulfilled the return-to-play criteria or end of 16 weeks.The main outcome measure of this study is the duration to return-to-play after injury.
CONCLUSION: This study protocol proposes a rigorous and potential significant evaluation of PRP use for grade-2 hamstring injury. If proven effective such findings could be of great benefit for patients with similar injuries.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: Current Controlled Trials ISCRTN66528592.

Matched MeSH terms: Range of Motion, Articular
Fulltext A comparison between subvastus and midvastus approaches for staged bilateral total knee arthroplasty:a prospective, randomised study

Masjudin T, Kamari Zh

Malays Orthop J, 2012 Nov;6(3):31-6.
PMID: 25279053 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1207.0018

This prospective randomised study was undertaken to compare surgical parameters as well as clinical and radiological outcomes of subvastus (SV) to midvastus (MV) approaches in staged bilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Twenty-three patients, aged 55-76 years, who underwent staged bilateral TKAs, were followed up for 6 months. The SV approach was used on one knee and MV approach on the other. We found similar lateral retinacular release rates and patellar resurfacing rates between the two approaches .The SV approached knees had a more significant blood loss and increased operative time compared to the MV approached knees but they achieved significantly earlier active straightleg raises (SLR) postoperatively (p<0.05 for all). The average postoperative pain, flexion, and Knee Society scores were comparable for both approaches. TKA via SV vs. MV approaches provides comparable satisfactory short-term clinical and radiological outcomes, even though there was slightly more difficulty, more blood loss and longer operative times with the SV approach.

Matched MeSH terms: Range of Motion, Articular
Mechanical and functional assessment of the wrist affected by rheumatoid arthritis: A finite element analysis

Bajuri MN, Kadir MR, Raman MM, Kamarul T

Med Eng Phys, 2012 Nov;34(9):1294-302.
PMID: 22277308 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2011.12.020

Understanding the pathomechanics involved in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) of the wrist provides valuable information, which will invariably allow various therapeutic possibilities to be explored. The computational modelling of this disease permits the appropriate simulation to be conducted seamlessly. A study that underpins the fundamental concept that produces the biomechanical changes in a rheumatoid wrist was thus conducted through the use of finite element method. The RA model was constructed from computed tomography datasets, taking into account three major characteristics: synovial proliferation, cartilage destruction and ligamentous laxity. As control, a healthy wrist joint model was developed in parallel and compared. Cartilage was modelled based on the shape of the articulation while the ligaments were modelled with linear spring elements. A load-controlled analysis was performed simulating physiological hand grip loading conditions. The results demonstrated that the diseased model produced abnormal wrist extension and stress distribution as compared to the healthy wrist model. Due to the weakening of the ligaments, destruction of the cartilage and lower bone density, the altered biomechanical stresses were particularly evident at the radioscaphoid and capitolunate articulations which correlate to clinical findings. These results demonstrate the robust finding of the developed RA wrist model, which accurately predicted the pathological process.

Matched MeSH terms: Range of Motion, Articular
Fulltext Statistical predictions for the dynamics of a low-speed system: Newtonian versus special-relativistic mechanics

Liang SN, Lan BL

PLoS One, 2012;7(5):e36430.
PMID: 22606259 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036430

The newtonian and special-relativistic statistical predictions for the mean, standard deviation and probability density function of the position and momentum are compared for the periodically-delta-kicked particle at low speed. Contrary to expectation, we find that the statistical predictions, which are calculated from the same parameters and initial gaussian ensemble of trajectories, do not always agree if the initial ensemble is sufficiently well-localized in phase space. Moreover, the breakdown of agreement is very fast if the trajectories in the ensemble are chaotic, but very slow if the trajectories in the ensemble are non-chaotic. The breakdown of agreement implies that special-relativistic mechanics must be used, instead of the standard practice of using newtonian mechanics, to correctly calculate the statistical predictions for the dynamics of a low-speed system.

Matched MeSH terms: Motion
Fulltext A medical student with symphalangism, would it affect her future career?

Saliem AM, Nimir AR, Abdul Kadir FA

BMJ Case Rep, 2012;2012.
PMID: 23087269 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2012-006668

Absence of the distal crease of the fingers is usually associated with a flexion deformity. A single crease of one or more fingers is found in many syndromes. We present this report as a rare case of absence of interphalangeal crease of the right ring finger with restriction of flexion but without any other anomaly.

Matched MeSH terms: Range of Motion, Articular*
Fulltext Newtonian versus special-relativistic statistical predictions for low-speed scattering

Liang SN, Borondo F, Lan BL

PLoS One, 2012;7(11):e48447.
PMID: 23152774 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048447

The statistical predictions of Newtonian and special-relativistic mechanics, which are calculated from an initially Gaussian ensemble of trajectories, are compared for a low-speed scattering system. The comparisons are focused on the mean dwell time, transmission and reflection coefficients, and the position and momentum means and standard deviations. We find that the statistical predictions of the two theories do not always agree as conventionally expected. The predictions are close if the scattering is non-chaotic but they are radically different if the scattering is chaotic and the initial ensemble is well localized in phase space. Our result indicates that for low-speed chaotic scattering, special-relativistic mechanics must be used, instead of the standard practice of using Newtonian mechanics, to obtain empirically-correct statistical predictions from an initially well-localized Gaussian ensemble.

Matched MeSH terms: Motion*
Fulltext A review on robot motion planning approaches

Tang, S.H., Khaksar, W., Ismail, N.B., Ariffin, M.K.A.

Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2012;20(1):15-29.
MyJurnal

The ability of a robot to plan its own motion seems pivotal to its autonomy, and that is why the motion planning has become part and parcel of modern intelligent robotics. In this paper, about 100 research are reviewed and briefly described to identify and classify the amount of the existing work for each motion planning approach. Meanwhile, around 200 research were used to determine the percentage of the application of each approach. The paper includes comparative tables and charts showing the application frequency of each approach in the last 30 years. Finally, some open areas and challenging topics are presented based on the reviewed papers.

Matched MeSH terms: Motion
Challenges of physiotherapy management: type 4 knee arthrofibrosis following traumatic multiple structural injuries of knee in a 16-year old boy: a clinical case report

Vijayakumar, P., Leonard, H.J., Ayiesah, H.R.

Journal of Surgical Academia, 2012;2(1):34-38.
MyJurnal

Traumatic knee crush injuries of degloving nature carries a greater risk for the multitude of complications rendering emergency surgical intervention the treatment of choice in the majority of such injuries. These types of injuries commonly result in a unique post- operative complication such as arthrofibrosis and it presents overly challenge for Physiotherapists managing it. In this retrospective single-case report, we describe the challenges of in – and out- patient physiotherapy treatment planning for a 16-year old boy throughout the continuum of care for his knee arthrofibrosis following a series of surgical procedures. As result of his complex medical situation, the time-specific physiotherapy intervention during the immediate post-operative period failed to improve our patient’s knee function. The knee function with regard to range of motion ( especially extension), muscle strength(quadriceps) improved considerably with the adoption of an aggressive physiotherapy intervention approach that included specific quadriceps muscle strengthening, joint mobilization (rotation/traction) in sitting position with legs over the edge of table and contract-relax quadriceps stretching in prone position using theraband.

Matched MeSH terms: Range of Motion, Articular
Parameter estimation of stochastic differential equation

Haliza Abd. Rahman, Arifah Bahar, Norhayati Rosli, Madihah Md. Salleh

Sains Malaysiana, 2012;41:1635-1642.

Non-parametric modeling is a method which relies heavily on data and motivated by the smoothness properties in estimating a function which involves spline and non-spline approaches. Spline approach consists of regression spline and smoothing spline. Regression spline with Bayesian approach is considered in the first step of a two-step method in estimating the structural parameters for stochastic differential equation (SDE). The selection of knot and order of spline can be done heuristically based on the scatter plot. To overcome the subjective and tedious process of selecting the optimal knot and order of spline, an algorithm was proposed. A single optimal knot is selected out of all the points with exception of the first and the last data which gives the least value of Generalized Cross Validation (GCV) for each order of spline. The use is illustrated using observed data of opening share prices of Petronas Gas Bhd. The results showed that the Mean Square Errors (MSE) for stochastic model with parameters estimated using optimal knot for 1,000, 5,000 and 10,000 runs of Brownian motions are smaller than the SDE models with estimated parameters using knot selected heuristically. This verified the viability of the two-step method in the estimation of the drift and diffusion parameters of SDE with an improvement of a single knot selection.

Matched MeSH terms: Motion
Investigation of heat mass transfer for combined convective slips flow: a lie group analysis

Md. Jashim Uddin, Md. Ismail A, Hamad M

Sains Malaysiana, 2012;41:1139-1148.

The steady laminar combined convective flow with heat and mass transfer of a Newtonian viscous incompressible fluid over a permeable flat plate with linear hydrodynamic and thermal slips has been investigated numerically. The velocity of the external flow, the suction/injection velocity and the temperature of the plate surface are assumed to vary nonlinearly following the power law with the distance along the plate from the origin. Lie group analysis is used to develop the similarity transformations and the governing momentum, the energy conservation and the mass conservation equations are converted to a system of coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations with the associated boundary conditions. The resulting equations are solved numerically using the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg fourth-fifth order numerical method. The effects of hydrodynamic slip parameter (a), thermal slip parameter (b), suction/injection parameter (fw), power law parameter (m), buoyancy ratio parameter (N), Prandtl number (Pr) and Schmidt number (Sc) on the fluid flow, heat transfer and mass transfer characteristics are investigated and presented graphically. We have also shown the effects of the Reynolds number (Re) and the power law parameter (m) on the velocity slip and the thermal slip factors. Good agreement is found between the numerical results of the present paper and published results.

Matched MeSH terms: Motion
Simultaneous 4-chlorophenol and nitrogen removal in moving bed sequencing batch reactors packed with polyurethane foam cubes of various sizes

Lim JW, Lim PE, Seng CE, Adnan R

Bioresour Technol, 2013 Feb;129:485-94.
PMID: 23266850 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.11.111

Moving bed sequencing batch reactors (MBSBRs) packed with 8% (v/v) of 8-, 27- and 64-mL polyurethane (PU) foam cubes, respectively, were investigated for simultaneous 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) and nitrogen removal at increasing 4-CP concentration. When the 4-CP concentration exceeded 300 mg L(-1), the MBSBR with 27-mL foam cubes was observed to outperform the other MBSBRs in removing 4-CP and nitrogen. The reasons were: (1) there were more biomass in inner layer of the 27-mL cubes, compared to that of the 8-mL cubes, which was more shielded from the inhibitory effect of 4-CP and (2) the 27-mL cubes were more mobile than the 64-mL cubes. Although increasing 4-CP concentration to 600 mg L(-1) resulted in incomplete removal of 4-CP in the MBSBRs, results of the batch reactor with 27-mL foam cubes showed that complete 4-CP removal within the REACT period could be achieved by increasing the packing volume to 20%.

Matched MeSH terms: Motion
Fulltext Modified pectoralis major tendon transfer for reanimation of elbow flexion as a salvage procedure in complete brachial plexus injury: a case report

Taran S, Nawfar S

Malays Orthop J, 2013 Mar;7(1):79-81.
PMID: 25722813 MyJurnal DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1303.004

Traumatic brachial plexus injuries rarely recover spontaneously and if the window period for neurotisation has elapsed, the only option for restoration of function lies in a salvage procedure. Many such salvage procedures have been described in the literature with variable functional results. We report the case of a 16-year-old boy who presented after unsuccessful treatment for a complete brachial plexus injury; we performed a pectoralis major tendon transfer to attain elbow flexion. Postoperatively, the elbow was splinted with flexion at 100°. After 4 weeks of immobilization the splint was removed and the patient could actively flex his elbow from 30° to 100°.

Matched MeSH terms: Range of Motion, Articular

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