Displaying publications 61 - 80 of 183 in total

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  1. Fulltext Perceptions, Expectations, and Experience of Physicians About Pharmacists and Pharmaceutical Care Services in Pakistan: Findings and Implications
    Hayat K, Mustafa ZU, Godman B, Arshed M, Zhang J, Khan FU, et al.
    Front Pharmacol, 2021;12:650137.
    PMID: 34054528 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.650137
    Background: Optimal collaboration between pharmacists and other healthcare professionals such as physicians is integral in implementing pharmaceutical care. However, there are concerns regarding the role of pharmacists, especially among low- and middle-income countries. This study explored the perceptions, expectations, and experience of physicians working in various hospital settings of Punjab, Pakistan, about pharmacists and their roles. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire consisting of four sections was administered from October to December 2020. Descriptive and inferential statistics such as Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests were used for data analysis using SPSS. Results: Six hundred and seventy-eight physicians participated in this study with a response rate of 77.9%. Most of the physicians reported minimal to no interaction with pharmacists (n = 521, 76.8%). However, more than three-quarters of physicians (n = 660, 97.3%) accepted pharmacists as evidence-based sources of drug information. In addition, many physicians (n = 574, 84.7%) strongly agreed that pharmacists should attend patient care rounds to respond promptly to questions related to patient medication. A limited number of physicians (n = 124, 18.3%) assumed that pharmacists were advising their patients regarding the judicial use of their drugs. Median expectation and experience score had a significant association with age, experience, and education of physicians (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The perception of physicians was positive toward certain roles of pharmacists, coupled with high expectations. However, their experience was low, with most of the activities of pharmacists due to inadequate interprofessional coordination.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biometry
  2. An empirical assessment of the closeness of hidden truncation and additive component based skewed distributions
    Hazarika PJ, Chakraborty S
    Sains Malaysiana, 2014;43:1801-1809.
    Hidden truncation (HT) and additive component (AC) are two well known paradigms of generating skewed distributions from known symmetric distribution. In case of normal distribution it has been known that both the above paradigms lead to Azzalini's (1985) skew normal distribution. While the HT directly gives the Azzalini's ( 1985) skew normal distribution, the one generated by AC also leads to the same distribution under a re parameterization proposed by Arnold and Gomez (2009). But no such re parameterization which leads to exactly the same distribution by these two paradigms has so far been suggested for the skewed distributions generated from symmetric logistic and Laplace distributions. In this article, an attempt has been made to investigate numerically as well as statistically the closeness of skew distributions generated by HT and AC methods under the same re parameterization of Arnold and Gomez (2009) in the case of logistic and Laplace distributions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biometry
  3. Mapping timely access to emergency and essential surgical services: The Malaysian experience
    Hoh SM, Wahab MYA, Hisham AN, Guest GD, Watters DAK
    ANZ J Surg, 2021 Jun 01.
    PMID: 34075677 DOI: 10.1111/ans.16986
    BACKGROUND: Surgical conditions form a significant proportion of the global burden of disease. Since the 2015 World Health Assembly resolution A68.15, there is recognition that the provision of essential surgical care is an integral part of universal access to health care. The Lancet Commission on Global Surgery proposed its first surgical indicator to measure a population's access to the Bellwether procedures (laparotomy, caesarean section and treatment of open fracture) within two hours. Bellwether access is a proxy for emergency and essential surgical care. This project aims to map essential surgical access to the Bellwether procedures in Malaysia.

    METHODS: The location and capability of hospitals to perform the Bellwether procedures was obtained from the Ministry of Health (MoH) and MoH hospital specific websites. The Malaysian population data were retrieved from the national department of statistics. Times for patients to travel to hospital were calculated by combining manual contouring and geospatial mapping.

    RESULTS: There were 49 Bellwether-capable MoH hospitals serving a national population of 32.5 million. Overall 94% of Malaysia's population have access to the Bellwethers within two hours. This coverage is universal in West (Peninsular) Malaysia, but there is only 73% coverage in East Malaysia, with 1.8 million residents of Sabah and Sarawak not having timely access. Malaysia's Bellwether capacity compares well with other countries in World Health Organisation's Western Pacific region.

    CONCLUSION: There is good access to essential and emergency surgical services in Malaysia. The incomplete access for 1.8 million people in East Malaysia will inform national surgical planning.

    Matched MeSH terms: Biometry
  4. A new thermographic NDT for condition monitoring of electrical components using ANN with confidence level analysis
    Huda AS, Taib S, Ghazali KH, Jadin MS
    ISA Trans, 2014 May;53(3):717-24.
    PMID: 24593986 DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2014.02.003
    Infrared thermography technology is one of the most effective non-destructive testing techniques for predictive faults diagnosis of electrical components. Faults in electrical system show overheating of components which is a common indicator of poor connection, overloading, load imbalance or any defect. Thermographic inspection is employed for finding such heat related problems before eventual failure of the system. However, an automatic diagnostic system based on artificial neural network reduces operating time, human efforts and also increases the reliability of system. In the present study, statistical features and artificial neural network (ANN) with confidence level analysis are utilized for inspection of electrical components and their thermal conditions are classified into two classes namely normal and overheated. All the features extracted from images do not produce good performance. Features having low performance reduce the diagnostic performance. The study reveals the performance of each feature individually for selecting the suitable feature set. In order to find the individual feature performance, each feature of thermal image was used as input for neural network and the classification of condition types were used as output target. The multilayered perceptron network using Levenberg-Marquardt training algorithm was used as classifier. The performances were determined in terms of percentage of accuracy, specificity, sensitivity, false positive and false negative. After selecting the suitable features, the study introduces the intelligent diagnosis system using suitable features as inputs of neural network. Finally, confidence percentage and confidence level were used to find out the strength of the network outputs for condition monitoring. The experimental result shows that multilayered perceptron network produced 79.4% of testing accuracy with 43.60%, 12.60%, 21.40, 9.20% and 13.40% highest, high, moderate, low and lowest confidence level respectively.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biometry
  5. Fulltext Removal of reactive red 4 dye using chitosan-epichlorohydrin/ TiO2 nanocomposite: application of response surface methodology
    Ibrahim Awad Mohammed, Abdallah Reghioua, Emad Yousif, Ali H. Jawad, Nurul Najwa Abd Malek
    Science Letters, 2020;14(1):96-108.
    MyJurnal
    Chitosan-epichlorohydrin/TiO2 composite was synthesized to be employed as an adsorbent for the
    removal of reactive red 4 (RR4) dye from aqueous solution. Response surface methodology (RSM) with 3-level Box-Behnken design (BBD) was utilized for the optimization of the removal of RR4. The process key variables which include adsorbent dose (A: 0.5 – 1.5 g), pH (B: 4 – 10) and time (30 – 80 min) were selected for the optimization process. The experimental data for RR4 removal were statistically analysed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The significant interaction between key parameters on RR4 removal efficiency was observed by interaction between AB and AC. The highest RR4 removal (95.08%) was obtained under the following conditions; adsorbent dose (1.0 g), pH 4 and time of 80 min.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biometry
  6. miRNA for the assessment of lymph node metastasis in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma: Systematic review and metanalysis
    Jadhav KB, Nagraj SK, Arora S
    J Oral Pathol Med, 2020 Nov 21.
    PMID: 33220092 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13134
    BACKGROUND: miRNA is one of the advanced epigenetic molecular markers correlating with lymph node metastasis in patients with Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Numerous published papers are showing correlation of miRNA with metastasis. There is a need to analyze and validate such correlation.

    METHOD: English language literature in major databases from the last 20 years was searched using controlled vocabulary and keywords. Strict inclusion and exclusion criteria were followed for selection of studies. The quality assessment was done as per the QUADAS tool 2 by three independent reviewers. The metanalysis was performed by using random effect model. Standardized mean difference (SMD) was considered as the effect measure. Statistical software used was STATA version 13.1.

    RESULTS: With all inclusion and exclusion criteria, eight studies could qualify for metanalysis. The pooled estimate is found to be 0.13 (-0.35, 0.62), P = .585, which is statistically not significant. This indicates that there is a no significant difference in the fold change between metastasis and no metastasis groups. P-value of chi-square statistic for heterogeneity is

    Matched MeSH terms: Biometry
  7. Fulltext Development of an edible coating based on chitosan-glycerol to delay ‘Berangan’ banana (Musa sapientum cv. Berangan) ripening process
    Jafarizadeh Malmiri, H., Osman, A., Tan, C.P., Abdul Rahman, R.
    International Food Research Journal, 2011;18(3):-.
    MyJurnal
    Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the concentrations of chitosan and glycerol for coating Berangan banana (Musa sapientum cv. Berangan). The effects of main edible coating components, chitosan (0.5-2.5%, w/w) and glycerol (0-2%, w/w) on weight loss, firmness, total colour difference, total soluble solids content (TSS) and titratable acidity (TA) of coated banana were studied during 10 days of storage at 26±2°C and 40-50% relative humidity. Results showed that the experimental data could be adequately fitted into a second-order polynomial model with coefficient of determination (R 2 ) ranging from 0.745 to 0.930 for all the variables studied. In general, the chitosan concentration appeared to be the most significant (P< 0.1) factor influencing all variables except for TSS. The optimum concentration of chitosan and glycerol were predicted to be 2.02% and 0.18%, respectively. Statistical assessment showed insignificant difference between experimental and predicted values.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biometry
  8. Fulltext Agreement analysis of LENSTAR with other techniques of biometry
    Jasvinder S, Khang TF, Sarinder KK, Loo VP, Subrayan V
    Eye (Lond), 2011 Jun;25(6):717-24.
    PMID: 21394115 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2011.28
    To assess the agreement of the optical low-coherence reflectometry (OLCR) device LENSTAR LS900 with partial coherence interferometry (PCI) device IOLMaster and applanation and immersion ultrasound biometry.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biometry
  9. Fulltext Classification of Partial Discharge Measured under Different Levels of Noise Contamination
    Jee Keen Raymond W, Illias HA, Abu Bakar AH
    PLoS One, 2017;12(1):e0170111.
    PMID: 28085953 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0170111
    Cable joint insulation breakdown may cause a huge loss to power companies. Therefore, it is vital to diagnose the insulation quality to detect early signs of insulation failure. It is well known that there is a correlation between Partial discharge (PD) and the insulation quality. Although many works have been done on PD pattern recognition, it is usually performed in a noise free environment. Also, works on PD pattern recognition in actual cable joint are less likely to be found in literature. Therefore, in this work, classifications of actual cable joint defect types from partial discharge data contaminated by noise were performed. Five cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) cable joints with artificially created defects were prepared based on the defects commonly encountered on site. Three different types of input feature were extracted from the PD pattern under artificially created noisy environment. These include statistical features, fractal features and principal component analysis (PCA) features. These input features were used to train the classifiers to classify each PD defect types. Classifications were performed using three different artificial intelligence classifiers, which include Artificial Neural Networks (ANN), Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy Inference System (ANFIS) and Support Vector Machine (SVM). It was found that the classification accuracy decreases with higher noise level but PCA features used in SVM and ANN showed the strongest tolerance against noise contamination.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biometry
  10. Fulltext Factors Associated with Early Breastfeeding Initiation among Women Who Underwent Cesarean Delivery at Tertiary Hospitals in Kelantan, Malaysia
    Johar N, Mohamad N, Saddki N, Tengku Ismail TA, Sulaiman Z
    Korean J Fam Med, 2021 Mar;42(2):140-149.
    PMID: 32423181 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.19.0178
    BACKGROUND: Cesarean delivery is linked with lower rates of early breastfeeding initiation. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of early initiation of breastfeeding among women admitted for elective cesarean delivery in Kelantan, Malaysia.

    METHODS: A total of 171 women admitted for elective cesarean delivery at two tertiary hospitals in Kelantan, Malaysia, participated in this study. On day two after cesarean delivery, face-to-face interviews were conducted with the mothers to get information on feeding practice. Descriptive statistics, including simple and multiple logistic regressions, were used for data analysis.

    RESULTS: Seventy-three percent of mothers initiated breastfeeding within 1 hour of birth. Approximately 15.8% and 10.5% of mothers initiated breastfeeding within 24 hours and ≥24 hours, respectively. Skin-to-skin contact between mothers and their infants occurred in 77.8% of cases after cesarean delivery. Breastfeeding initiation was significantly associated with skin-to-skin contact (odds ratio [OR], 14.42; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.58-58.06), mothers who exclusively breastfed during hospitalization (OR, 36.37; 95% CI, 5.60-236.24), and infants who were not sleepy during attempts at breastfeeding (OR, 5.17; 95% CI, 1.32-20.21).

    CONCLUSION: Based on our results, it is possible to increase the proportion of mothers initiating breastfeeding within 1 hour among women who undergo elective cesarean delivery. Therefore, it is important that health practitioners educate women beginning in the antenatal period who plan to undergo cesarean delivery by emphasizing the importance of early initiation of breastfeeding.

    Matched MeSH terms: Biometry
  11. Granite quarrying and silicosis--being a report of a survey of silicosis in a granite quarry in Singapore
    KHOO OT, D'SOUZA EJ
    Med J Malaya, 1961 Sep;16:46-80.
    PMID: 14455691
    Matched MeSH terms: Biometry*
  12. Glove-based approach to online signature verification
    Kamel NS, Sayeed S, Ellis GA
    IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell, 2008 Jun;30(6):1109-13.
    PMID: 18421114 DOI: 10.1109/TPAMI.2008.32
    Utilizing the multiple degrees of freedom offered by the data glove for each finger and the hand, a novel on-line signature verification system using the Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) numerical tool for signature classification and verification is presented. The proposed technique is based on the Singular Value Decomposition in finding r singular vectors sensing the maximal energy of glove data matrix A, called principal subspace, so the effective dimensionality of A can be reduced. Having modeled the data glove signature through its r-principal subspace, signature authentication is performed by finding the angles between the different subspaces. A demonstration of the data glove is presented as an effective high-bandwidth data entry device for signature verification. This SVD-based signature verification technique is tested and its performance is shown to be able to recognize forgery signatures with a false acceptance rate of less than 1.2%.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biometry/instrumentation; Biometry/methods*
  13. Carbon allocation in a Bornean tropical rainforest without dry seasons
    Katayama A, Kume T, Komatsu H, Saitoh TM, Ohashi M, Nakagawa M, et al.
    J Plant Res, 2013 Jul;126(4):505-15.
    PMID: 23283581 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-012-0544-0
    To clarify characteristics of carbon (C) allocation in a Bornean tropical rainforest without dry seasons, gross primary production (GPP) and C allocation, i.e., above-ground net primary production (ANPP), aboveground plant respiration (APR), and total below-ground carbon flux (TBCF) for the forest were examined and compared with those from Amazonian tropical rainforests with dry seasons. GPP (30.61 MgC ha(-1) year(-1), eddy covariance measurements; 34.40 MgC ha(-1) year(-1), biometric measurements) was comparable to those for Amazonian rainforests. ANPP (6.76 MgC ha(-1) year(-1)) was comparable to, and APR (8.01 MgC ha(-1) year(-1)) was slightly lower than, their respective values for Amazonian rainforests, even though aboveground biomass was greater at our site. TBCF (19.63 MgC ha(-1) year(-1)) was higher than those for Amazonian forests. The comparable ANPP and higher TBCF were unexpected, since higher water availability would suggest less fine root competition for water, giving higher ANPP and lower TBCF to GPP. Low nutrient availability may explain the comparable ANPP and higher TBCF. These data show that there are variations in C allocation patterns among mature tropical rainforests, and the variations cannot be explained solely by differences in soil water availability.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biometry
  14. Refractive and biometric status of children born premature without retinopathy of prematurity
    Kaur S, Norlaila Mat Daud, Chung KM, Azrin E. Ariffin, Boo N, Ong LC
    Sains Malaysiana, 2010;39.
    A cross-sectional study was undertaken to determine the refractive and biometric status of premature children without Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) and full term children. Fifty eight children between the ages of 3 and 7 years (32 children born premature without ROP and another 26 children born full term and normal) were examined. Refractive error, corneal curvature, axial length, anterior chamber depth and crystalline lens thickness were determined. The results revealed that children between the age of 3 and 7 years were emmetropic, irrespective of whether they were born premature without ROP or full term. However, children born premature without ROP had significantly steeper corneas (t = 3.14, p = 0.0349), shorter axial lengths (t = 3.18, p = 0.0313) and thicker crystalline lens (t = 3.31, p = 0.0256) compared to children born full term within the same age group. This study suggests that compensation in ocular parameters can occur to maintain emmetropia, mainly by adjustment of axial length and corneal curvature.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biometry
  15. Fulltext Detection of Iris Presentation Attacks Using Feature Fusion of Thepade's Sorted Block Truncation Coding with Gray-Level Co-Occurrence Matrix Features
    Khade S, Gite S, Thepade SD, Pradhan B, Alamri A
    Sensors (Basel), 2021 Nov 08;21(21).
    PMID: 34770715 DOI: 10.3390/s21217408
    Iris biometric detection provides contactless authentication, preventing the spread of COVID-19-like contagious diseases. However, these systems are prone to spoofing attacks attempted with the help of contact lenses, replayed video, and print attacks, making them vulnerable and unsafe. This paper proposes the iris liveness detection (ILD) method to mitigate spoofing attacks, taking global-level features of Thepade's sorted block truncation coding (TSBTC) and local-level features of the gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) of the iris image. Thepade's SBTC extracts global color texture content as features, and GLCM extracts local fine-texture details. The fusion of global and local content presentation may help distinguish between live and non-live iris samples. The fusion of Thepade's SBTC with GLCM features is considered in experimental validations of the proposed method. The features are used to train nine assorted machine learning classifiers, including naïve Bayes (NB), decision tree (J48), support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), multilayer perceptron (MLP), and ensembles (SVM + RF + NB, SVM + RF + RT, RF + SVM + MLP, J48 + RF + MLP) for ILD. Accuracy, precision, recall, and F-measure are used to evaluate the performance of the projected ILD variants. The experimentation was carried out on four standard benchmark datasets, and our proposed model showed improved results with the feature fusion approach. The proposed fusion approach gave 99.68% accuracy using the RF + J48 + MLP ensemble of classifiers, immediately followed by the RF algorithm, which gave 95.57%. The better capability of iris liveness detection will improve human-computer interaction and security in the cyber-physical space by improving person validation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biometry
  16. Impact of Pharmacist-led Educational Intervention on Predictors of Diabetic Foot at Two Different Hospitals of Malaysia
    Khan AH, Iqbal MZ, Syed Sulaiman SA, Ibrahim A, Azmi NSBY, Iqbal MS, et al.
    J Pharm Bioallied Sci, 2020 12 21;13(1):108-115.
    PMID: 34084056 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.JPBS_475_20
    Objective: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder that can initiate organ damage inside the body if not treated appropriately. Apart from tight glycemic control, a suitable educational intervention is also needed from health-care providers to stop or decrease the progression of organ damage in diabetic patients. This study intended to measure the impact of pharmacist-led educational intervention on improvement in predictors of diabetic foot in two different hospitals in Malaysia.

    Materials and Methods: In two tertiary care selected hospitals, the included diabetic patients were randomly divided into two study arms. In the control group, 200 patients who were receiving usual treatment from hospitals were included. However, in the intervention group, those 200 patients who were receiving usual treatment along with counseling sessions from pharmacists under the Diabetes Medication Therapy Adherence Clinic (DMTAC) program were included. The study continued for 1 year, and there were four follow-up visits for both study arms. A prevalidated data collection form was used to measure the improvement in predictors of diabetic foot in included patients. Data were analyzed by using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software program, version 24.0.

    Results: With the average decrease of 1.97% of HbA1c values in the control group and 3.43% in the intervention group, the univariate and multivariate analysis showed a statistically significant difference between both of the study arms in the improvement of predictors belonging to the diabetic foot (P < 0.05). The proportion of patients without any signs and symptoms of the diabetic foot in the intervention group was 91.7%, which increased from 42.3% at baseline (P < 0.05). However, this proportion in the control group was 76.9% at the fourth follow-up, from 48.3% at baseline (P < 0.05).

    Conclusion: A statistically significant reduction in the signs and symptoms of diabetic foot was observed in the intervention group at the end of 1 year. The progression of diabetic foot was significantly decreased in the pharmacist intervention group.

    Matched MeSH terms: Biometry
  17. Fulltext Polypropylene Production Optimization in Fluidized Bed Catalytic Reactor (FBCR): Statistical Modeling and Pilot Scale Experimental Validation
    Khan MJH, Hussain MA, Mujtaba IM
    Materials (Basel), 2014 Mar 27;7(4):2440-2458.
    PMID: 28788576 DOI: 10.3390/ma7042440
    Propylene is one type of plastic that is widely used in our everyday life. This study focuses on the identification and justification of the optimum process parameters for polypropylene production in a novel pilot plant based fluidized bed reactor. This first-of-its-kind statistical modeling with experimental validation for the process parameters of polypropylene production was conducted by applying ANNOVA (Analysis of variance) method to Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Three important process variables i.e., reaction temperature, system pressure and hydrogen percentage were considered as the important input factors for the polypropylene production in the analysis performed. In order to examine the effect of process parameters and their interactions, the ANOVA method was utilized among a range of other statistical diagnostic tools such as the correlation between actual and predicted values, the residuals and predicted response, outlier t plot, 3D response surface and contour analysis plots. The statistical analysis showed that the proposed quadratic model had a good fit with the experimental results. At optimum conditions with temperature of 75 °C, system pressure of 25 bar and hydrogen percentage of 2%, the highest polypropylene production obtained is 5.82% per pass. Hence it is concluded that the developed experimental design and proposed model can be successfully employed with over a 95% confidence level for optimum polypropylene production in a fluidized bed catalytic reactor (FBCR).
    Matched MeSH terms: Biometry
  18. Fulltext Patient-physician Communication Barrier: A Pilot Study Evaluating Patient Experiences
    Khan T, Hassali M, Al-Haddad M
    J Young Pharm, 2011 Jul;3(3):250-5.
    PMID: 21897668 DOI: 10.4103/0975-1483.83778
    This study aims to identify the patient-physician communication barriers in the primary healthcare setting in Pulau Penang, Malaysia. A cross-sectional study was designed to attain the objectives of the study. A self-developed 17-item study tool was used to explore respondent's perception about the barriers they have faced while communicating with physician. The reliability scale was applied and internal consistency of the study tool was estimated on the basis of Cronbach's alpha (α = 0.58). The data analysis was conducted using statistical package for social sciences students SPSS 13(®). Chi Square test was used to test the difference between proportions. A total of n = 69 patients responded to this survey. A higher participation was seen by the male respondents, 39 (56.5%). About 52 (76.5%) of the respondents were satisfied with the information provided by the physician. In an effort to identify the patient-physician barriers, a poor understanding among the patients and physician was revealed. 16 (23.5%) respondents disclosed lack of satisfaction from the information provided to them. Overall, it is seen that lack of physician-patient understanding was the main reason that result hindrance in the affective communication. Moreover, there is a possibility that a low level of health literacy among the patients and inability of the physician to affectively listen to patients may be the other factors that result in a deficient communication.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biometry
  19. Fulltext Multi-Biometric System Based on Cutting-Edge Equipment for Experimental Contactless Verification
    Kolda L, Krejcar O, Selamat A, Kuca K, Fadeyi O
    Sensors (Basel), 2019 Aug 26;19(17).
    PMID: 31455045 DOI: 10.3390/s19173709
    Biometric verification methods have gained significant popularity in recent times, which has brought about their extensive usage. In light of theoretical evidence surrounding the development of biometric verification, we proposed an experimental multi-biometric system for laboratory testing. First, the proposed system was designed such that it was able to identify and verify a user through the hand contour, and blood flow (blood stream) at the upper part of the hand. Next, we detailed the hard and software solutions for the system. A total of 40 subjects agreed to be a part of data generation team, which produced 280 hand images. The core of this paper lies in evaluating individual metrics, which are functions of frequency comparison of the double type faults with the EER (Equal Error Rate) values. The lowest value was measured for the case of the modified Hausdorff distance metric - Maximally Helicity Violating (MHV). Furthermore, for the verified biometric characteristics (Hamming distance and MHV), appropriate and suitable metrics have been proposed and experimented to optimize system precision. Thus, the EER value for the designed multi-biometric system in the context of this work was found to be 5%, which proves that metrics consolidation increases the precision of the multi-biometric system. Algorithms used for the proposed multi-biometric device shows that the individual metrics exhibit significant accuracy but perform better on consolidation, with a few shortcomings.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biometry
  20. Fulltext The use of ultrasound in ocular biometry
    Kuan BB, Lim TK
    Med J Malaysia, 1984 Dec;39(4):280-4.
    PMID: 6544933
    Ultrasound measurement of ocular dimension is the chosen method for assessing axial length when determining dioptric power for intraocular lens. From the current results of 30 cases studied, the mean axial length ranges from 22 to 23 mm. Despite the limitation of the accuracy of the ultrasonic measurements with the 7.5 mHz transducer, the power of intraocular lens can. be determined satisfactorily in accordance with the knowledge of keratometric reading. Hence, high refractive errors could be avoided post-operatively.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biometry/methods
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