Displaying publications 61 - 80 of 101 in total

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  1. Mokhalad Khaleel Alghrairi, Nasri Bin Sulaiman, Roslina Bt Mohd Sidek, Saad Mutashar
    MyJurnal
    This paper presents a modified design of low power recovery circuit in micro-system implanted device to stimulate the human nerve and muscle. The amplitude shift keying ASK was used to modulate data by using operating frequency 6.78MHz ISM industrial scientific medical band to be less invasive to tissue. The proposed system consists of an external part which has ASK modulator and class-E power amplifier with 94.5% efficiency. The internal part has half wave rectifier and voltage regulator to generate very stable 1.8VDC using 0.35um CMOS technology. The Orcad pspice 16.6 and MULTISIM 11 software were used to simulate the design of power recovery and class-E power amplifier respectively. The regulated voltage utilised to power the sub-electronic device implanted inside human body with very stable voltage even change implanted load resistance. The proposed system has 12.5%modulation index and low power consumption.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prostheses and Implants
  2. Muhammad Hanif Ramlee
    MyJurnal
    Most orthopaedic cases that involved with bone fracture are normally treated with medical implants. To be noticed that some precautions in terms of biomechanical and biomaterial properties are necessary for a successful post-sur- gery process. The biomechanical evaluation of implants could be carried out using computing and engineering technologies. However, in the computer simulation, some assumptions are needed as the limitations on computer resources and data input. This review focuses on the current method of developing the finite element model for patients with specific values of material properties for lower limb part such as hip, knee and ankle joint. Previous literature was reviewed from which keywords and search engines were identified. In this review, inclusion and exclusion criteria were used to limit the literature search. We reviewed the state-of-the-art in this area and provide recommendations for future research. In conclusion, the previous published reports illustrated different methods to develop numerical models.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prostheses and Implants
  3. Murugan K, Faisham WI, Zulmi W
    Malays Orthop J, 2021 Mar;15(1):93-99.
    PMID: 33880154 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.2103.014
    Introduction: Mega endoprosthesis replacement for resection of primary malignant bone tumour requires immediate and long-term stability, particularly in the young and active patient. Extracortical bone bridge interface (EBBI) is a technique whereby autograft is wrapped around the interface junction of bone and porous-coated implant to induce and enhance bone formation for biological incorporation. This procedure increases the mean torsional stiffness and the mean maximum torque, which eventually improves the implant's long-term survival.

    Material and methods: The extracortical bone bridge interface's radiological parameter was evaluated at the prosthesis bone junction two years after surgery utilising a picture archiving and communication system (PACS). The radiograph's anteroposterior and lateral view was analysed for both thickness and length in all four cortices. The analysis was done in SPSS Version 24 using One-Way ANOVA and independent T-Test. Results were presented as mean and standard deviation and considered significant when the p-value was < 0.05.

    Results: The mean average thickness was 2.2293mm (SD 1.829), and the mean average length was 31.95% (SD 24.55). We observed that the thickness and length of EBBI were superior in the young patient or patients with giant cell tumour that did not receive chemotherapy, compared to patients treated for osteosarcoma. The distal femur also had better EBBI compared to the proximal tibia. However, the final multivariable statistical analysis showed no significant difference in all variables. EBBI thickness was significantly and positively correlated with EBBI Length (p<0.001). We conclude that, for each 1mm increase in EBBI thickness, the length will increase by 0.06% on average. About 17.2% of patients out of the 29 showed no radiological evidence of EBBI.

    Conclusion: From our study, there were no factors that significantly contributed to the formation and incorporation of EBBI.

    Matched MeSH terms: Prostheses and Implants
  4. Mutashar S, Hannan MA, Samad SA, Hussain A
    Sensors (Basel), 2014;14(7):11522-41.
    PMID: 24984057 DOI: 10.3390/s140711522
    The use of wireless communication using inductive links to transfer data and power to implantable microsystems to stimulate and monitor nerves and muscles is increasing. This paper deals with the development of the theoretical analysis and optimization of an inductive link based on coupling and on spiral circular coil geometry. The coil dimensions offer 22 mm of mutual distance in air. However, at 6 mm of distance, the coils offer a power transmission efficiency of 80% in the optimum case and 73% in the worst case via low input impedance, whereas, transmission efficiency is 45% and 32%, respectively, via high input impedance. The simulations were performed in air and with two types of simulated human biological tissues such as dry and wet-skin using a depth of 6 mm. The performance results expound that the combined magnitude of the electric field components surrounding the external coil is approximately 98% of that in air, and for an internal coil, it is approximately 50%, respectively. It can be seen that the gain surrounding coils is almost constant and confirms the omnidirectional pattern associated with such loop antennas which reduces the effect of non-alignment between the two coils. The results also show that the specific absorption rate (SAR) and power loss within the tissue are lower than that of the standard level. Thus, the tissue will not be damaged anymore.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prostheses and Implants*
  5. Naji, Ghassan Abdul-Hamid, Ros Anita Omar, Rosiyah Yahya
    MyJurnal
    The mismatch in coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) between the veneered
    porcelain and the ceramic core has been primarily identified as the cause of core/veneer chipping
    in all-ceramic restorations. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of sodalite infiltration on the
    CTE behaviour and bond strength of different all-ceramic prostheses. Materials and Methods: The
    experimental groups were synthesised sodalite-infiltrated alumina (IA-SOD) and synthesised
    sodalite-infiltrated zirconia-toughened alumina (ZTA) (IZ-SOD), while the control groups were glassinfiltrated alumina (IA-glass) and glass-infiltrated ZTA (IZ-glass). (Copied from article).
    Matched MeSH terms: Prostheses and Implants
  6. Narhari P, Haseeb A, Lee S, Singh VA
    Indian J Orthop, 2018 2 9;52(1):87-90.
    PMID: 29416176 DOI: 10.4103/ortho.IJOrtho_495_17
    Chondroblastomas are a primary benign cartilaginous tumor that accounts for approximately 1% of all benign bone tumors. Primarily they are treated by curettage. The patient presented 4 years after a successfully treated chondroblastoma (curettage and Bone cement). Wide resection of the proximal tibia with endoprosthesis replacement was done. Lung CT showed multiple lung metastasis and despite starting chemotherapy, he succumbed to the disease. We discuss regarding the possibilities of "aggressive" chondroblastoma and more recently termed chondroblastoma-like osteosarcoma which is a separate entity from chondroblastoma. Aggressiveness in chondroblastoma can be 1 of 3 types as follows: 1. benign chondroblastoma with lung metastasis. 2. malignant chondroblastoma. 3. subsequent malignant transformation of benign chondroblastoma. We have attempted to review the literature and describe the "aggressive" chondroblastoma and chondroblastoma-like osteosarcoma in this report.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prostheses and Implants
  7. Natarajan P, Choudhury M, Seenivasan MK, Jeyapalan K, Natarajan S, Vaidhyanathan AK
    J Pharm Bioallied Sci, 2019 May;11(Suppl 2):S402-S406.
    PMID: 31198377 DOI: 10.4103/JPBS.JPBS_48_19
    Aim: This study evaluated the relationship between missing posterior teeth and body mass index with regard to age and socioeconomic state in a sample of the suburban south Indian population.

    Materials and Methods: The 500 individuals of both males and females aged 40 years and older with missing posterior teeth and not rehabilitated with any prosthesis were gone through a clinical history, intraoral examination, and anthropometric measurement to get information regarding age, sex, socioeconomic status, missing posterior teeth, and body mass index (BMI). Subjects were divided into five groups according to BMI (underweight > 18.5 kg/m2, normal weight 18.5-23 kg/m2, overweight 23-25 kg/m2, obese without surgery 25-32.5 kg/m2, obese with surgery < 32.5 kg/m2). Multivariate logistic regression was used to adjust data according to age, sex, number of missing posterior teeth, and socioeconomic status.

    Results: People with a higher number of tooth loss were more obese. Females with high tooth loss were found to be more obese than male. Low socioeconomic group obese female had significantly higher tooth loss than any other group. No significant relation between age and obesity was found with regard to tooth loss.

    Conclusion: The BMI and tooth loss are interrelated. Management of obesity and tooth loss can help to maintain the overall health status.

    Matched MeSH terms: Prostheses and Implants
  8. Nur Azida Che Lah, Muhamad Hellmy Hussin
    MyJurnal
    Titanium (Ti) and Ti-based alloys presence the most widely applied as advanced biomaterials
    in biomedical implant applications. Moreover, these alloys are known to be the most
    valuable metallic materials including spinal cord surgical treatment. It becomes an interest
    due to its advantages compared to others, including its bio compatibility and corrosion
    resistant. However, an issue arises when it comes for permanent implant application as
    the alloy has a possible toxic effect produced from chemical reaction between body fluid
    environments with alloys chemical compositions. It also relies on the performance of
    neighbouring bone tissue to integrate with the implant surface. Abnormalities usually
    happen when surrounding tissue shows poor responses and rejection of implants that would
    leads to body inflammation. These cause an increase in foreign body reaction leading to
    severe body tissue response and thus, loosening of the implant. Corrosion effects and
    biocompatibility behaviour of implantation usage also become one of the reasons of
    implant damage. Here, this paper reviews the importance of using Ti and Ti-based alloys
    in biomedical implantation, especially in orthopaedic spinal cord injury. It also reviews the
    basic aspects of corrosion effects that lead to implant mechanical damage, poor response
    of body rejection and biocompatibility behaviour of implantation usage.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prostheses and Implants
  9. Nur Faraidah Muhammad Di, Sharipah Soaad Syed Yahaya, Suhaida Abdullah
    Sains Malaysiana, 2014;43:643-648.
    An alternative robust method for testing the equality of central tendency measures was developed by integrating H Statistic with adaptive trimmed mean using hinge estimator, HQ. H Statistic is known for its ability to control Type I error rates and HQ is a robust location estimator. This robust estimator used asymmetric trimming technique, where it trims the tail of the distribution based on the characteristic of that particular distribution. To investigate on the performance (i.e. robustness) of the procedure, some variables were manipulated to create conditions which are known to highlight its strengths and weaknesses. Bootstrap method was used to test the hypothesis. The integration seemed to produce promising robust procedure that is capable of addressing the problem of violations to the assumptions. About 20% trimming is the appropriate amount of trimming for the procedure, where this amount is found to be robust in most conditions. This procedure was also proven to be robust as compared to the parametric (AN0vA) and non parametric (Kruskal-Wallis) methods.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prostheses and Implants
  10. Omar M. Isa
    Medical Health Reviews, 2009;2009(2):47-58.
    MyJurnal
    The consequence of postoperative infections associated with orthopaedic or biomaterial-associated implants is devastating to both the patients and the surgeons. Bacterial microcolonies adhere to the surface of implants, forming biofilms and then detaching part of itself into free-floating planktonic forms may be the cause of recurrent and persistent infections. These bacteria are very resistant towards antibiotics and require a higher drug concentration than usual in order to eradicate them. Quorem-sensing is regarded as one mechanism of communication or integration between these microorganisms in the biofilm and may even be in the transfer of resistant genes. Disruption of this pathway is regarded as one method of inhibiting its growth and formation. Implant design, technique and stability of fixation as well as the surface characteristics, the material and its biocompatibility may also influence bacterial adhesion. It has been suggested that multi-prong strategies such as prevention and disruption of biofilm formation, parenteral antibiotics, use of antibiotic-impregnated construction materials and altering the intrinsic properties of the implant surface may help to eradicate this menace.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prostheses and Implants
  11. Patil PG, Nimbalkar-Patil S
    J Indian Prosthodont Soc, 2017 2 22;17(1):84-88.
    PMID: 28216851 DOI: 10.4103/0972-4052.176538
    INTRODUCTION: Maxillary obturator prosthesis is more frequent treatment modality than surgical reconstruction for maxillectomy in patients suffering from oral cancer. The obturators often become heavy and hence are hollowed out in the defect portion to reduce its weight as a standard practice.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: The processing technique described the incorporation of the preshaped "wax-bolus" during packing procedure of the Obturtor prosthesis and eliminated later by melting it once the curing procedure is completed.

    RESULTS: This article is a single step procedure resulting into the closed-hollow obturator as single unit with uniform wall thickness around the hollow space ensuring the least possible weight of the hollow obturator.

    CONCLUSION: This processing technique achieves predictable internal dimension of the hollow space providing uniform wall thickness of the obturator.

    Matched MeSH terms: Prostheses and Implants
  12. Poduval M
    Indian J Med Ethics, 2011 Apr-Jun;8(2):97-102.
    PMID: 22106619
    The relationship between orthopaedic surgeons and the device industry is one that is mutually beneficial and productive. However there are skeletons in the closet. The financial implications of this relationship have come under intense scrutiny. The sponsorships and the financial benefits of this symbiotic relationship have been found to cross the boundaries considered acceptable to ethical practice of the profession. In India, the ethical transgressions resulting from unhealthy associations between the orthopaedic surgeon and the industry have yet to be given due importance. Adequate rules and regulations are yet to be enforced and self-regulation is practically non-existent. It is essential to deal with the problem and potential implications that can arise from this kind of misconduct at the organisational level and enforce them for compliance.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prostheses and Implants
  13. Radzi, Z., Yahya, N.A., Zamzam, N., Spencer, R.J.
    Ann Dent, 2004;11(1):-.
    MyJurnal
    Missing teeth can be due to hypodontia, trauma or extraction. In general, the options for treatment depend on the severity of the hypodontia and the severity of the malocclusion. Occasionally, the space from missing teeth has to be maintained for prosthetic replacement and require an orthodontic/restorative approach. It is very important to ensure the space maintained is adequate for aesthetic reason so that it can be replaced with a prosthesis after the orthodontic treatment is completed. This article discusses a new innovation and clinical technique for maintaining this space during orthodontic treatment by using an acrylic tooth with several modifications. This innovation will be illustrated using two cases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prostheses and Implants
  14. Rajab NF, Yaakob TA, Ong BY, Hamid M, Ali AM, Annuar BO, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 May;59 Suppl B:170-1.
    PMID: 15468872
    Hydroxyapatite is the main component of the bone which is a potential biomaterial substance that can be applied in orthopaedics. In this study, the biocompatibility of this biomaterial was assessed using an in vitro technique. The cytotoxicity and genotoxicity effect of HA2 and HA3 against L929 fibroblast cell was evaluated using the MTT Assay and Alkaline Comet Assay respectively. Both HA2 and HA3 compound showed low cytotoxicity effect as determined using MTT Assay. Cells viability following 72 hours incubation at maximum concentration of both HA2 and HA3 (200 mg/ml) were 75.3 +/- 8.8% and 86.7 +/- 13.1% respectively. However, the cytotoxicity effect of ZnSO4.7H2O as a positive control showed an IC50 values of 46 mg/ml (160 microM). On the other hand, both HA2 and HA3 compound showed a slight genotoxicity effect as determined using the Alkaline Comet Assay following incubation at the concentration 200 mg/ml for 72 hours. This assay has been widely used in genetic toxicology to detect DNA strand breaks and alkali-labile site. The percentage of the cells with DNA damage for both substance was 27.7 +/- 1.3% and 15.6 +/- 1.0% for HA2 and HA3 respectively. Incubation of the cells for 24 hours with 38 microg/ml (IC25) of positive control showed an increase in percentage of cells with DNA damage (67.5 +/- 0.7%). In conclusion, our study indicated that both hydroxyapatite compounds showed a good biocompatibility in fibroblast cells.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prostheses and Implants*
  15. Rampal S, Tan EK, Gendeh HS, Prahaspathiji LJ, Zainal S, Amir S
    Med J Malaysia, 2020 01;75(1):80-82.
    PMID: 32008027
    A 68-year-old female presented with a 1-month history of lower back pain with right-sided radiculopathy and numbness. She was diagnosed with lumbar spondylosis and treated conservatively with analgesia and physiotherapy. Imaging showed multiple susuk, a metal alloy, in the lower back region and other regions of the body. The patient had undergone traditional medicine consultation 10 years earlier when the susuk was inserted in the lower back as talisman. The practice of the insertion of susuk is popular in rural East Malaysia and Indonesia. These foreign bodies act as possible causes of chronic inflammation and granuloma formation. In addition, the localised heighten peril upon imaging. This report suggests that the insertion of multiple susuk as talisman carries risk to safety of patients when imaging, and this practice complicates the management of musculoskeletal disorders.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prostheses and Implants/adverse effects*
  16. Rengarajoo J, Harun RH, Royan SJ, Kohir S, Mamat MR
    Ann R Coll Surg Engl, 2022 Jul;104(7):556.
    PMID: 35174718 DOI: 10.1308/rcsann.2021.0299
    Matched MeSH terms: Prostheses and Implants
  17. Reza Sanaei M, Abu J, Nazari M, A B MZ, Allaudin ZN
    Vet Surg, 2013 Nov;42(8):963-70.
    PMID: 24117844 DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-950X.2013.12057.x
    To evaluate the osteogenic potential of avian demineralized bone matrix (DBM) in the context of implant geometry.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prostheses and Implants/standards; Prostheses and Implants/veterinary*
  18. Rusnah M, Andanastuti M, Idris B
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 May;59 Suppl B:158-9.
    PMID: 15468866
    The present paper reports on the influence of sintering temperature on the porosity and strength of porous hydroxyapatite (HA). HA powder was first prepared by the sol-gel precipitation method using calcium hydroxide and ortho-phosporic acid. The fine HA powder, measuring <50 microm was then mixed into a slurry with the addition of binder agent, being a mixture of sago and PVA. A small amount of sodium dodecyl sulphate was also used as a foaming agent. Porous HA samples were then prepared via slip casting technique. The surface morphology of the sintered samples was observed under scanning electron microscopy at 20 kV and the compositions were determined via SEM-EDX. A universal testing machine was used to determine the compaction strength of the sintered samples.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prostheses and Implants*
  19. Saidin S, Chevallier P, Abdul Kadir MR, Hermawan H, Mantovani D
    Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2013 Dec 1;33(8):4715-24.
    PMID: 24094179 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2013.07.026
    Hydroxyapatite (HA) coated implant is more susceptible to bacterial infection as the micro-structure surface which is beneficial for osseointegration, could also become a reservoir for bacterial colonisation. The aim of this study was to introduce the antibacterial effect of silver (Ag) to the biomineralised HA by utilising a polydopamine film as an intermediate layer for Ag and HA immobilisation. Sufficient catechol groups in polydopamine were required to bind chemically stainless steel 316 L, Ag and HA elements. Different amounts of Ag nanoparticles were metallised on the polydopamine grafted stainless steel by varying the immersion time in silver nitrate solution from 12 to 24 h. Another polydopamine layer was then formed on the metallised film, followed by surface biomineralisation in 1.5 Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) solution for 3 days. Several characterisation techniques including X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, Atomic Force Microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy and Contact Angle showed that Ag nanoparticles and HA agglomerations were successfully immobilised on the polydopamine film through an element reduction process. The Ag metallisation at 24 h has killed the viable bacteria with 97.88% of bactericidal ratio. The Ag was ionised up to 7 days which is crucial to prevent bacterial infection during the first stage of implant restoration. The aged functionalised films were considered stable due to less alteration of its chemical composition, surface roughness and wettability properties. The ability of the functionalised film to coat complex and micro scale metal make it suitable for dental and orthopaedic implants application.
    Matched MeSH terms: Prostheses and Implants/microbiology
  20. Samsudin AR
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 May;59 Suppl B:6.
    PMID: 15468791
    Matched MeSH terms: Prostheses and Implants*
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