Displaying publications 61 - 80 of 141 in total

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  1. Effects of fermentation time and turning intervals on the physicochemical properties of rambutan (nephelium lappaceum l.) fruit sweatings
    Kong Fei Chai, Noranizan Mohd Adzahan, Roselina Karim, Yaya Rukayadi, Hasanah Mohd Ghazali
    Sains Malaysiana, 2018;47:2311-2318.
    Sweatings, the exudates that leach out from fermenting fruits during rambutan fruit fermentation are considered as
    a waste by-product and are allowed to be drained off. This could lead to a pollution problem. Besides, it is a waste if
    the sweatings are possible to be transformed into food products and ingredients. However, prior transformation, the
    fundamental knowledge of the sweatings should be understood. Hence, the main aim of this study was to investigate
    the physicochemical properties of sweatings as affected by fermentation time and turning intervals during natural
    fermentation of rambutan fruits. In this study, peeled rambutan fruit was fermented for 8 days and turned. Different
    batches of the fruits were turned every 24, 48 or 72 h and sweatings from the process were collected and analyzed.
    The results showed that fermentation time significantly reduced (p<0.05) the yield, pH and sucrose content of the
    sweatings by 79-84%, 32-33%, 76.5-80.8%, respectively. Fermentation time also significantly increased (p<0.05) the
    titratable acidity, total soluble solids, fructose, glucose, total sugar, citric acid, lactic acid, acetic acid and ascorbic
    acid contents of the sweatings by 5.6-6.0, 1.5-1.6, 2.4-2.6, 2.1-2.5, 1.0-1.1, 5.7-6.5, 2.4-2.6, 2.1-2.5 and 2.6-2.8 folds,
    respectively. However, turning intervals did not significantly affect (p>0.05) the physicochemical properties of the
    sweatings. High concentrations of sugars and organic acids allow the sweatings to have a balance of sweet and sour
    taste and they are suitable to be used in the production of syrup, soft drinks, jam, jelly, marmalade and vinegar.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sucrose
  2. The effects of acute ethanol administration on ethanol withdrawal-induced anxiety-like syndrome in rats: A biochemical study
    Kumar J, Hapidin H, Get Bee YT, Ismail Z
    Alcohol, 2016 Feb;50:9-17.
    PMID: 26626323 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2015.10.001
    Withdrawal from long-term ethanol consumption results in overexcitation of glutamatergic neurotransmission in the amygdala, which induces an anxiety-like syndrome. Most alcoholics that suffer from such symptoms frequently depend on habitual drinking as self-medication to alleviate their symptoms. Metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 5 (mGlu5) and protein kinase C (PKC) epsilon have been reported to mediate acute and chronic effects of ethanol. This study explores the changes in mGlu5 and PKC epsilon in the amygdala following acute administration of ethanol during ethanol withdrawal (EW) induced anxiety. Male Wistar rats were fed a modified liquid diet containing low-fat cow milk, sucrose, and maltodextrin, with a gradual introduction of 2.4%, 4.8% and 7.2% ethanol for 20 days. Six hours into EW, the rats were intraperitoneally injected with normal saline and ethanol (2.5 g/kg, 20% v/v), and exposed to open-field and elevated plus maze tests. Then, amygdala tissue was dissected from the rat brain for Western blot and gene expression studies. EW-induced anxiety was accompanied by a significant increase in mGlu5, total PKC epsilon, and phosphorylated PKC epsilon protein levels, and also of mRNA of mGlu5 (GRM5) in the amygdala. Acute administration of ethanol significantly attenuated EW-induced anxiety as well as an EW-induced increase in GRM5. The acute challenge of ethanol to EW rats had little effect on the phosphorylated and total protein levels of PKC epsilon in the amygdala. Our results demonstrate that amygdala PKC epsilon may not be directly involved in the development of anxiety following EW.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sucrose
  3. Detoxification of Sap from Felled Oil Palm Trunks for the Efficient Production of Lactic Acid
    Kunasundari B, Arai T, Sudesh K, Hashim R, Sulaiman O, Stalin NJ, et al.
    Appl Biochem Biotechnol, 2017 Sep;183(1):412-425.
    PMID: 28361245 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-017-2454-z
    The availability of fermentable sugars in high concentrations in the sap of felled oil palm trunks and the thermophilic nature of the recently isolated Bacillus coagulans strain 191 were exploited for lactic acid production under non-sterile conditions. Screening indicated that strain 191 was active toward most sugars including sucrose, which is a major component of sap. Strain 191 catalyzed a moderate conversion of sap sugars to lactic acid (53%) with a productivity of 1.56 g/L/h. Pretreatment of oil palm sap (OPS) using alkaline precipitation improved the sugar fermentability, providing a lactic acid yield of 92% and productivity of 2.64 g/L/h. To better characterize potential inhibitors in the sap, phenolic, organic, and mineral compounds were analyzed using non-treated sap and saps treated with activated charcoal and alkaline precipitation. Phthalic acid, 3,4-dimethoxybenzoic acid, aconitic acid, syringic acid, and ferulic acid were reduced in the sap after treatment. High concentrations of Mg, P, K, and Ca were also precipitated by the alkaline treatment. These results suggest that elimination of excess phenolic and mineral compounds in OPS can improve the fermentation yield. OPS, a non-food resource that is readily available in bulk quantities from plantation sites, is a promising source for lactic acid production.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sucrose/metabolism; Sucrose/chemistry*
  4. Fulltext Influence of N6-Benzyladenine and Sucrose on In Vitro Direct Regeneration and Microrhizome Induction of Kaempferia parviflora Wall. Ex Baker, An Important Ethnomedicinal Herb of Asia
    Labrooy C, Abdullah TL, Stanslas J
    Trop Life Sci Res, 2020 Apr;31(1):123-139.
    PMID: 32963715 DOI: 10.21315/tlsr2020.31.1.8
    Kaempferia parviflora is an ethnomedicinally important plant. Conventional propagation of K. parviflora is hindered by slow growth rate, long dormancy periods and dual use of rhizomes for seeds as well as marketable produce. In our study, we developed a promising dual-phase micropropagation protocol to increase number of plantlets, survivability, biomass and quality plantlets for mass production. Multiple shoot regeneration was found most successful on Murashige and Skoog (MS) media supplemented with 35.52 μM N6-benzyladenine (BA) in terms of highest number of shoots (22.4 ± 1.84), leaves (29.27 ± 1.30), and roots (17.8 ± 1.72) per explant. High survivability was observed with an acclimatisation percentage of 100% in sterile perlite medium. This method was shown to be preferable compared to conventional propagation in terms of propagation time and number of plantlets. Regenerated in vitro plantlets were then successfully induced to form microrhizomes in MS media with an optimal concentration of 6% (w/v) sucrose. Increase in microrhizome biomass (35.7 ± 2.59 g per flask), number of microrhizomes (5.2 ± 0.78), shoots (8.5 ± 1.58) and roots (8.5 ± 1.58) were observed for this treatment. This investigation successfully highlights the manipulation of single factors in short time frame to produce a simple and efficient alternative propagation method for K. parviflora.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sucrose
  5. Fulltext Osmo-dehydration pretreatment for drying of pumpkin slice
    Lee, J.S., Lim, L.S.
    International Food Research Journal, 2011;18(4):1223-1230.
    MyJurnal
    This study was designed to elucidate the effects of osmotic dehydration of pumpkin slice prior to hot-air drying. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with Central Composite Design was used to investigate the influence of three variables, namely sucrose concentration (30-60˚Brix), immersion temperature (35-65˚C) and immersion time (90-120 min). These factors increased the solid gains and decreased the water activity (aw) of the sample; while the temperature and sucrose solution concentration increased the water loss (p
    Matched MeSH terms: Sucrose
  6. Nitric oxide accelerates mycorrhizal effects on plant growth and root development of trifoliate orange
    Li Tian, Xiao-yun Huang, Qiang-sheng Wu, Nasrullah
    Sains Malaysiana, 2017;46:1687-1691.
    Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) actively colonize plant roots and thus enhance plant growth through different mechanisms. In the present study, trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata) seedlings inoculated with Diversispora versiformis were subjected to 0 and 0.2 mmol/L sodium nitroprusside (SNP, a nitric oxide donor) treatments. After eight weeks, exogenous SNP considerably increased root mycorrhizal colonization by 25%, showing a positive stimulating effect of NO on mycorrhizal formation. Mycorrhizal inoculation significantly increased plant growth performance (height, stem diameter, leaf number and shoot and root dry weight) and root traits (length, projected area, surface area, volume and number of 2nd and 3rd order lateral roots) than non-mycorrhizal treatment and NO (exogenous SNP treatment) heavily strengthened the mycorrhizal effects. Moreover, NO and mycorrhization induced more fine root (0-0.5 cm) formation. There was an opposite changed trend in root sucrose and leaf and root glucose contents by SNP in AMF versus non-AMF seedlings. All these results implied that NO plays important roles in mycorrhizal formation and development and also accelerates mycorrhizal effects on plant growth and root development of trifoliate orange.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sucrose
  7. Fulltext Taste Sensitivity and Taste Preference among Malay Children Aged 7 to 12 Years in Kuala Lumpur-A Pilot Study
    Lim LS, Tang XH, Yang WY, Ong SH, Naumovski N, Jani R
    Pediatr Rep, 2021 May 18;13(2):245-256.
    PMID: 34069893 DOI: 10.3390/pediatric13020034
    The taste and food preferences in children can affect their food intake and body weight. Bitter and sweet taste sensitivities were identified as primary taste contributors to children's preference for consuming various foods. This pilot study aimed to determine the taste sensitivity and preference for bitter and sweet tastes in a sample of Malaysian children. A case-control study was conducted among 15 pairs of Malay children aged 7 to 12 years. Seven solutions at different concentrations of 6-n-propylthiouracil and sucrose were prepared for testing bitterness and sweet sensitivity, respectively. The intensity of both bitter and sweet sensitivity was measured using a 100 mm Labelled Magnitude Scale (LMS), while the taste preference was rated using a 5-point Likert scale. The participants were better at identifying bitter than sweet taste (median score 6/7 vs. 4/7). No significant differences were detected for both tastes between normal-weight and overweight groups (bitter: 350 vs. 413, p = 0.273; sweet: 154 vs. 263, p = 0.068), as well as in Likert readings (bitter 9 vs. 8: p = 0.490; sweet 22 vs. 22: p = 0.677). In this sample of Malay children, the participants were more sensitive to bitterness than sweetness, yet presented similar taste sensitivity and preference irrespective of their weight status. Future studies using whole food samples are warranted to better characterize potential taste sensitivity and preference in children.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sucrose
  8. Sugar-sweetened beverage intake and its associations with cardiometabolic risks among adolescents
    Loh DA, Moy FM, Zaharan NL, Jalaludin MY, Mohamed Z
    Pediatr Obes, 2017 02;12(1):e1-e5.
    PMID: 26843446 DOI: 10.1111/ijpo.12108
    BACKGROUND: Investigations on sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake and cardiometabolic risks among Asians are scant.

    OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to examine associations between SSB intake and cardiometabolic risks among Malaysian adolescents.

    METHODS: Anthropometric data, blood pressure (BP), fasting blood glucose (FBG), lipid profiles and insulin levels measured involved 873 adolescents (aged 13 years). SSB intake, dietary patterns and physical activity level (PAL) were self-reported.

    RESULTS: Mean SSB consumption was 177.5 mL day-1 with significant differences among ethnicities (Malay, Chinese, Indians and Others) (p 

    Matched MeSH terms: Dietary Sucrose/adverse effects*
  9. A sweet promise among Malaysians
    Loo KW, Griffiths LR, Gan SH
    J Diabetes, 2014 Sep;6(5):447.
    PMID: 24645716 DOI: 10.1111/1753-0407.12151
    Matched MeSH terms: Dietary Sucrose/adverse effects*; Dietary Sucrose/economics
  10. Fulltext Nutrients depictions of Barhi date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) kernels
    Mahmud, I.A., Mirghani, M.E.S., Alkhatib, M.F.R., Yusof, F., Shahabuddin, M., Rashidi, O., et al.
    International Food Research Journal, 2017;24(101):0-0.
    MyJurnal
    Phoenix dactylifera L (Date palm) is one of the oldest known fruit crops in the world, and
    the consumption of date fruits is no longer restricted to the Middle Eastern countries. Date
    palm kernels are waste products of date fruit industry which are normally being discarded.
    Based on their dietary fiber content; date palm kernels (DPK) have been proposed to be used
    as fiber-based food supplement, caffeine free coffee alternative and animal feed ingredient.
    Hence, utilization of such waste is highly desirable for the date industry. To accommodate these
    benefits, and subsequent to some uses associated with DPK, this study sought to investigate the
    biochemical and nutritional values of the Barhi date palm kernels (BDPK) grown in Iraq. The
    results show that BDPK is an excellent source of dietary fiber (66.24 g/100g). Glutamic acid
    was found to be the predominant amino acid, (0.674 g/100g), followed by Arginine and aspartic
    acid (0.437 g/100g and 0.320 g/100g, respectively). Potassium was the most occurring mineral
    in BDPK (2.39 g/kg), and the main sugars were sucrose and fructose (0.548 g/100g and 0.249
    g/100g, respectively). Gas-liquid chromatography revealed that the main unsaturated fatty acid
    (USFA) was oleic acid (40.927 mg/100g), while the main saturated fatty acid (SFA) were lauric
    acid (20.270 mg/100g) and myristic acid (12.288 mg/100g). Furthermore, the BDPK depicted
    considerable concentrations of vitamins, in which vitamin B5 (40.4 mg/100g) showed the
    highest value. The results obtained indicate a strong potential for BDPK to be used in human
    nutrition, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical applications and may provide an important economic
    advantage through increasing the utilization of BDKP while also additive value will be added
    to the residue.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sucrose
  11. Characterisation of the simultaneous molybdenum reduction and glyphosate degradation byBurkholderia vietnamiensisAQ5-12 andBurkholderiasp. AQ5-13
    Manogaran M, Ahmad SA, Yasid NA, Yakasai HM, Shukor MY
    3 Biotech, 2018 Feb;8(2):117.
    PMID: 29430378 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1141-2
    In this novel study, we report on the use of two molybdenum-reducing bacteria with the ability to utilise the herbicide glyphosate as the phosphorus source. The bacteria reduced sodium molybdate to molybdenum blue (Mo-blue), a colloidal and insoluble product, which is less toxic. The characterisation of the molybdenum-reducing bacteria was carried out using resting cells immersed in low-phosphate molybdenum media. Two glyphosate-degrading bacteria, namelyBurkholderia vietnamiensisAQ5-12 andBurkholderiasp. AQ5-13, were able to use glyphosate as a phosphorous source to support molybdenum reduction to Mo-blue. The bacteria optimally reduced molybdenum between the pHs of 6.25 and 8. The optimum concentrations of molybdate for strainBurkholderia vietnamiensis strainAQ5-12 was observed to be between 40 and 60 mM, while forBurkholderiasp. AQ5-13, the optimum molybdate concentration occurred between 40 and 50 mM. Furthermore, 5 mM of phosphate was seen as the optimum concentration supporting molybdenum reduction for both bacteria. The optimum temperature aiding Mo-blue formation ranged from 30 to 40 °C forBurkholderia vietnamiensis strainAQ5-12, whereas forBurkholderiasp. AQ5-13, the range was from 35 to 40 °C. Glucose was the best electron donor for supporting molybdate reduction, followed by sucrose, fructose and galactose for both strains. Ammonium sulphate was the best nitrogen source in supporting molybdenum reduction. Interestingly, increasing the glyphosate concentrations beyond 100 and 300 ppm forBurkholderia vietnamiensis strainAQ5-12 andBurkholderiasp. AQ5-13, respectively, significantly inhibited molybdenum reduction. The ability of these bacteria to reduce molybdenum while degrading glyphosate is a useful process for the bioremediation of both toxicants.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sucrose
  12. Fulltext Explorative Xylitol Detection from Lignocellulosic Biomass Fermentation of Coconut Husk Using HPLC C18 Column
    Mariam-Aisha Fatima, Muhammad Fahmi Mehdin, Nurain Nasrudin, Neelam Shahab
    Journal of Management & Science, 2018;16(2):29-38.
    MyJurnal
    Lignocellulosic biomass, found in wooden plant husks is a potent renewable material source which can be utilised to form various chemicals and biomaterials including polyols such as xylitol. Xylitol has been used commercially as an alternative to sucrose in many products as bulk sweetener in non-cariogenic confectionery as well as in diabetic diets and solutions for parenteral nutrition. Therefore, this study aims to optimise separation parameters of the Shimadzu high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (Model No: LC-20A) and quantify the potential of coconut husk as substrate for Candida albicans in producing xylitol using HPLC. Pretreatment to depolymerise components of biomass i.e. cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin were done using dilute acid hydrolysis method which yielded fermentable reducing sugars, xylose. Xylose is a monosaccharide with an aldehyde functional group, a reducing sugar which is then utilised and fermented by the yeast Candida albicans to form xylitol. In this study, the media used for fermenting pretreated coconut husk and Candida albicans is a synthetic defined (SD) minimal broth. Growth curves against concentration of reducing sugar were plotted to determine utilisation and production trends with specific mixes of carbon sources. The presence of reducing sugars were tested using 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) assay in pretreated coconut husk yielded 13.22 g/L. In order to analyse the product with HPLC, an existing protocol is modified for Hypersil GOLD™ C18 column with acetonitrile as the mobile phase. Results obtained from HPLC analyses using developed protocol suggested the formation of xylitol from the fermentation of pretreated husk by Candida albicans. These can be followed by purification of fermented media in obtaining a better separation of contaminating peaks.

    Matched MeSH terms: Sucrose
  13. Dentists should be at the forefront in the fight against sugar
    Masood M, Masood Y, Reidpath DD, Newton T
    Lancet, 2014 Jun 14;383(9934):2046.
    PMID: 24931691 DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60996-X
    Matched MeSH terms: Dietary Sucrose/adverse effects*
  14. Impact of national income and inequality on sugar and caries relationship
    Masood M, Masood Y, Newton T
    Caries Res, 2012;46(6):581-8.
    PMID: 23006794 DOI: 10.1159/000342170
    The aim of this study was to examine the impact that national income and income inequality in high and low income countries have on the relationship between dental caries and sugar consumption.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dietary Sucrose/adverse effects; Dietary Sucrose/supply & distribution*
  15. Fulltext Evaluation of α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Effect of 50% Ethanolic Standardized Extract of Orthosiphon stamineus Benth in Normal and Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats
    Mohamed EA, Ahmad M, Ang LF, Asmawi MZ, Yam MF
    Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2015;2015:754931.
    PMID: 26649063 DOI: 10.1155/2015/754931
    In the present study, a 50% ethanolic extract of Orthosiphon stamineus was tested for its α-glucosidase inhibitory activity. In vivo assays of the extract (containing 1.02%, 3.76%, and 3.03% of 3'hydroxy-5,6,7,4'-tetramethoxyflavone, sinensetin, and eupatorin, resp.) showed that it possessed an inhibitory activity against α-glucosidase in normal rats loaded with starch and sucrose. The results showed that 1000 mg/kg of the 50% ethanolic extract of O. stamineus significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the plasma glucose levels of the experimental animals in a manner resembling the effect of acarbose. In streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, only the group treated with 1000 mg/kg of the extract showed significantly (P < 0.05) lower plasma glucose levels after starch loading. Hence, α-glucosidase inhibition might be one of the mechanisms by which O. stamineus extract exerts its antidiabetic effect. Furthermore, our findings indicated that the 50% ethanolic extract of O. stamineus can be considered as a potential agent for the management of diabetes mellitus.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sucrose
  16. Understanding pore formation and structural deformation in carbon spheres during KOH activation
    Mohammed Salisu Musa, Mohd Marsin Sanagi, Wan Aini Wan Ibrahim, Hadi Nur
    Sains Malaysiana, 2015;44:613-618.
    Carbon spheres (CSs) were synthesized from sucrose by hydrothermal reaction. The synthesized materials were further
    activated with potassium hydroxide (KOH) at different concentrations. The effects of KOH concentration on the surface area
    and morphology were investigated. The route for pore formation and structural deformation in carbon spheres during
    activation has been proposed and discussed based on micrographs and porosity trends. It was suggested that the pore
    formation and structural deformation phenomena were due to the intercalating power of energized K+ into the carbon.
    This work provides an insight of the pore formation in carbon spheres for the development of adsorbents as well as for
    the understanding of the structural deformation of such materials at higher KOH concentrations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sucrose
  17. Fulltext Oral microbiome, nutrition and their role in oral carcinogenesis
    Mohd Hafiz Arzmi
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2019;15(108):10-10.
    MyJurnal
    A balanced oral microbiome is essential in maintaining a healthy oral cavity. Oral microbiome comprises of var-ious microorganisms that belong to different kingdoms, including bacteria (bacteriome) and fungal (mycobiome). Multiple factors have been shown in oral carcinogenesis including alcohol consumption, tobacco smoking, betel nut chewing and microbial infections. Since the oral cavity comprises of various microbial kingdoms, thus, in-ter-kingdom interactions are suggested in promoting oral carcinogenesis. Dysbiosis, which is defined as imbalance inter-kingdom microbiome, alone may not cause oral carcinogenesis; thus, it is suggested that nutritional factor may also play a vital role in this disease development. A recent study has shown that sucrose consumption can induce the production of glucosyltransferases (gtfs) by Streptococcus mutans which lead to the increasing attachment of Candida albicans in polymicrobial biofilms form. The yeast has been reported to be potentially involved in oral carcinogenesis, particularly in the immunocompromised patient. This is due to the inflammation that is caused by candidal infection, which increases pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6, interleukin-8 and interleu-kin-10, that have been linked to oral carcinogenesis. However, further study is needed to conform to the claim. In addition, over-consumption of alcoholic beverages has also been related to carcinogenesis which the ethanol has been reported to be converted into acetaldehyde by C. albicans using acetaldehyde dehydrogenases enzymes. In Malaysia, oral cancer has also been related to the consumption of cured and salted fish, which mostly consumed by the Chinese ethnics. However, its relationship to oral microbiome remains unclear. In conclusion, oral microbiome and nutrition may have a role in oral carcinogenesis; however, further study is needed to elucidate the role of both factors in oral cancer development.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sucrose
  18. Preliminary studies on cryopreservation of snakehead (Channa striata) embryos
    Mohd Sharifuddin M, Siti Azizah MN
    Cryobiology, 2014 Aug;69(1):1-9.
    PMID: 24726775 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2014.04.001
    This paper reports the findings of the ongoing studies on cryopreservation of the snakehead, Channa striata embryos. The specific objective of this study was to collect data on the sensitivity of C. striata embryo hatching rate to low temperatures at two different developmental stages in the presence of four different cryoprotectants. Embryos at morula and heartbeat stages were selected and incubated in 1M dimethyl sulfoxide (Me2SO), 1M ethylene glycol (EG), 1M methanol (MeOH) and 0.1M sucrose solutions at different temperatures for a period of time. Embryos were kept at 24 °C (control), 15 °C, 4 °C and -2 °C for 5 min, 1h and 3h. Following these treatments, the embryos were then transferred into a 24 °C water bath until hatch to evaluate the hatching rate. The results showed that there was a significant decrease of hatching rate in both developmental stages following exposure to 4 °C and -2 °C at 1h and 3h exposure in each treatment. Heartbeat stage was more tolerant against chilling at -2 °C for 3h exposure in Me2SO followed by MeOH, sucrose and EG. Further studies will be conducted to find the best method to preserve embryos for long term storage.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sucrose/pharmacology
  19. Fulltext Physicochemical and antioxidant properties of Malaysian honeys produced by Apis cerana, Apis dorsata and Apis mellifera
    Moniruzzaman M, Khalil MI, Sulaiman SA, Gan SH
    BMC Complement Altern Med, 2013;13:43.
    PMID: 23433009 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-13-43
    The aim of the present study was to evaluate the physicochemical and antioxidant properties of Malaysian monofloral honey samples-acacia, pineapple and borneo honey-and compare them with tualang honey. Acacia and pineapple honey are produced by Apis mellifera bees while borneo and tualang honey are produced by Apis cerana and Apis dorsata bees, respectively.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dietary Sucrose/analysis
  20. Sargassum polycystum reduces hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia and oxidative stress via increasing insulin sensitivity in a rat model of type 2 diabetes
    Motshakeri M, Ebrahimi M, Goh YM, Matanjun P, Mohamed S
    J Sci Food Agric, 2013 May;93(7):1772-8.
    PMID: 23208488 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.5971
    BACKGROUND: Sargassum polycystum, a brown seaweed, contains various nutrients and bioactive compounds that have antioxidant and healing properties. The research hypothesises that antioxidants and pigments in dietary S. polycystum extracts can improve insulin sensitivity, blood sugar levels and blood lipid levels in a rat model of type 2 diabetes. The diabetes was induced by a high-sugar, high-fat diet for 16 weeks to enhance insulin resistance, followed by a low-dose intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (35 mg kg(-1) body weight). The doses of S. polycystum tested on diabetic rats were 150 and 300 mg kg(-1) body weight for the ethanolic extract or 150 and 300 mg kg(-1) for the water extract. Normal rats, untreated diabetic and metformin-treated diabetic rats (n = 6) were used as control.

    RESULTS: Both doses of the alcohol extract of S. polycystum and the 300 mg kg(-1) water extract, significantly reduced blood glucose and glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1C ) levels. Serum total cholesterol, triglyceride levels and plasma atherogenic index were significantly decreased after 22 days treatment in all seaweed groups. Unlike metformin, S. polycystum did not significantly change plasma insulin in the rats, but increased the response to insulin.

    CONCLUSION: The consumption of either ethanolic or water extracts of S. polycystum dose dependently reduced dyslipidaemia in type 2 diabetic rats. S. polycystum is a potential insulin sensitiser, for a comestible complementary therapy in the management of type 2 diabetes which can help reduce atherogenic risk.

    Matched MeSH terms: Dietary Sucrose/adverse effects
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