Displaying publications 61 - 80 of 235 in total

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  1. Fulltext Accuracy of Computed Tomography Attenuation Value of Lumbar Vertebra to Assess Bone Mineral Density
    Chia KK, Haron J, Nik Malek NFS
    Malays J Med Sci, 2021 Feb;28(1):41-50.
    PMID: 33679219 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2021.28.1.6
    Background: Computed tomography (CT) attenuation (Hounsfield unit [HU]) value of lumbar vertebra may provide an alternative method in the detection of osteoporosis during CT scans.

    Methods: A cross-sectional study on 50 patients of age 50 and above with contrast-enhanced CT (CECT) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was conducted from November 2018 to November 2019. Single region of interest (ROI) was placed at the anterior trabecular part of L1 vertebra on CECT to obtain HU value. Correlation of CT HU value of L1 vertebra and DXA T-score, interrater reliability agreement between HU value of L1 vertebra and T-score in determining groups of with and without osteoporosis, ROC curve analysis for diagnostic accuracy and cut-off value of CT for detection of osteoporosis were identified.

    Results: Significant correlation between HU value of L1 vertebra and L1 T-score (r = 0.683)/lowest skeletal T-score (r = 0.703) (P < 0.001). Substantial agreement between HU value of L1 vertebra and DXA in determining the groups with and without osteoporosis (k = 0.8; P < 0.001). The area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) curve was 0.93 (95% CI: 0.86, 1.00) using HU value (P < 0.001). Cut-off value for osteoporosis was 149 HU.

    Conclusion: HU value of lumbar vertebra is an effective alternative for the detection of osteoporosis with high diagnostic accuracy in hospitals without DXA facility.

    Matched MeSH terms: ROC Curve
  2. Utilization of a genetic algorithm for the automatic detection of oil spill from RADARSAT-2 SAR satellite data
    Marghany M
    Mar Pollut Bull, 2014 Dec 15;89(1-2):20-29.
    PMID: 25455367 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2014.10.041
    In this work, a genetic algorithm is applied for the automatic detection of oil spills. The procedure is implemented using sequences from RADARSAT-2 SAR ScanSAR Narrow single-beam data acquired in the Gulf of Mexico. The study demonstrates that the implementation of crossover allows for the generation of an accurate oil spill pattern. This conclusion is confirmed by the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The ROC curve indicates that the existence of oil slick footprints can be identified using the area between the ROC curve and the no-discrimination line of 90%, which is greater than that of other surrounding environmental features. In conclusion, the genetic algorithm can be used as a tool for the automatic detection of oil spills, and the ScanSAR Narrow single-beam mode serves as an excellent sensor for oil spill detection and survey.
    Matched MeSH terms: ROC Curve
  3. Fingerprint verification prediction model in hand dermatitis
    Lee CK, Chang CC, Johor A, Othman P, Baba R
    Int J Dermatol, 2015 Jul;54(7):765-70.
    PMID: 25427962 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.12451
    Hand dermatitis associated fingerprint changes is a significant problem and affects fingerprint verification processes. This study was done to develop a clinically useful prediction model for fingerprint verification in patients with hand dermatitis.
    Matched MeSH terms: ROC Curve
  4. Fulltext In-house ELISA screening using a locally-isolated Leptospira in Malaysia: determination of its cut-off points
    Tan XT, Amran F, Chee Cheong K, Ahmad N
    BMC Infect Dis, 2014;14:563.
    PMID: 25338815 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-014-0563-7
    Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by Leptospira species and is distributed globally. Microscopic agglutination test (MAT) is the serological 'gold standard' for diagnosis of leptospirosis but it is time-consuming and labour-intensive. An alternative serological method that is rapid, sensitive and specific is important for early treatment to reduce morbidity and mortality. The use of local Leptospira isolation may improve the sensitivity and specificity of the test because it may varies from one geographical region to another region. The objective of this study was to determine the sensitivity, specificity and cut-off points for an in-house Immunoglobulin M (IgM) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a locally isolated Leptospiral strain IMR/175 as the antigen for the detection of anti-Leptospiral IgM.
    Matched MeSH terms: ROC Curve
  5. Mandarin version of the Leeds Dyspepsia Questionnaire: A valid instrument for assessing symptoms in Asians
    Leow HR, Ching SM, Sujarita R, Yap CF, Chia YC, Ho SH, et al.
    J Dig Dis, 2014 Nov;15(11):591-6.
    PMID: 25139629 DOI: 10.1111/1751-2980.12183
    OBJECTIVE:
    To develop and validate a Mandarin version of the Leeds Dyspepsia Questionnaire (M-LDQ) in Asian patients with dyspepsia.

    METHODS:
    The M-LDQ was developed according to standardized methods. The validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability and responsiveness of the instrument were evaluated in both primary and secondary care patients.

    RESULTS:
    A total of 184 patients (mean age 54.0 ± 15.8 years, of whom 59% were women and 72.3% of whom had at least secondary level education) were recruited between August 2012 and March 2013, from both primary (n = 100) and secondary care clinics (n = 84). Both the internal consistency of all components of the M-LDQ (Cronbach's α 0.79) and test-retest reliability (Spearman's correlation coefficient 0.78) were good. The M-LDQ was valid in diagnosing dyspepsia in primary care (area under the receiver operating characteristics curve 0.84) and was able to discriminate between secondary and primary care patients (median cumulative LDQ score 13.0 vs 3.0, P < 0.0001). Among eight patients with organic dyspepsia, the median M-LDQ score reduced significantly from 21.0 (pretreatment) to 9.5 (4 weeks post-treatment) (P < 0.0001).

    CONCLUSION:
    The M-LDQ is a valid and responsive instrument for assessing ethnic Chinese adults with dyspepsia.

    KEYWORDS:
    Mandarin; ethnic Chinese; functional dyspepsia; outcome measure; questionnaire; validation
    Matched MeSH terms: ROC Curve
  6. Fulltext Reliability, agreement, and validity of digital weighing scale with MatScan in limb load measurement
    Kumar SN, Omar B, Htwe O, Joseph LH, Krishnan J, Jafarzedah Esfehani A, et al.
    J Rehabil Res Dev, 2014;51(4):591-8.
    PMID: 25144172 DOI: 10.1682/JRRD.2013.07.0166
    Limb loading measurements serve as an objective evaluation of asymmetrical weight bearing in the lower limb. Digital weighing scales (DWSs) could be used in clinical settings for measurement of static limb loading. However, ambiguity exists whether limb loading measurements of DWSs are comparable with a standard tool such as MatScan. A cross-sectional study composed of 33 nondisabled participants was conducted to investigate the reliability, agreement, and validity of DWSs with MatScan in static standing. Amounts of weight distribution and plantar pressure on the individual lower limb were measured using two DWSs (A, B) and MatScan during eyes open (EO) and eyes closed (EC) conditions. The results showed that intra- and interrater reliability (3, 1) were excellent (0.94-0.97) within and between DWS A and B. Bland-Altman plot revealed good agreement between DWS and MatScan in EO and EC conditions. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was significant and identified as 0.68 (p = 0.01). The measurements obtained with DWSs are valid and in agreement with MatScan measurements. Hence, DWSs could be used interchangeably with MatScan and could provide clinicians an objective measurement of limb loading suitable for clinical settings.
    Matched MeSH terms: ROC Curve
  7. Odontometric sex variation in Malaysians with application to sex prediction
    Khamis MF, Taylor JA, Malik SN, Townsend GC
    Forensic Sci Int, 2014 Jan;234:183.e1-7.
    PMID: 24128748 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.09.019
    Information about the sex of individuals is important for human identification. This study was conducted to quantify classification rates of sex prediction models for Malaysians using odontometric profiles. Mesiodistal (MD) and buccolingual (BL) crown dimensions of the permanent dentition were studied in 400 young adult Malaysians, giving a total of 28 tooth size variables. The sample consisted of three major ethnic groups, the Malays, Chinese and Tamils, since the aim was to assess sex dimorphism in Malaysians as a whole. Results showed that the mesiodistal diameter of the lower canine was the most sexually dimorphic dimension in Malaysian Malays and Tamils. Univariate analyses showed that the magnitude and pattern of sex dimorphism varies between these three ethnic groups, with Malaysian Chinese and Tamils being more dimorphic than the Malaysian Malays. Stepwise discriminant functions were generated bearing in mind their application in practical forensic situations. The range of classification rates was from 70.2% to 78.5% for the composite Malaysian group, and 83.8%, 77.9%, 72.4% for Malaysian Chinese, Malays and Tamils, respectively. The 'Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve statistics' indicated good classification rates for three prediction models obtained using a combination of all tooth size variables, mandibular teeth, and mesiodistal dimensions in the composite Malaysian group, and for all tooth size variables in each ethnic group. The present study provides strong support for the value of odontometry as an adjunct scientific method for sex prediction in human identification.
    Matched MeSH terms: ROC Curve
  8. Exhaled carbon monoxide levels among Malaysian male smokers with nicotine dependence
    Guan NC, Ann AY
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2012 Jan;43(1):212-8.
    PMID: 23082572
    We studied the use of exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) to identify nicotine dependence among adult Malaysian male smokers. We conducted a cross-sectional study among 107 male smoking staff at a university hospital. We measured their exhaled CO using a piCO+ Smokerlyzer and diagnosed nicotine dependence using a Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). The optimal cut-off value for exhaled CO was determined. The correlation between exhaled CO level and the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND) was also assessed. The mean exhaled CO level among subjects with nicotine dependence (15.78 ppm) was significantly higher than subjects without nicotine dependence (9.62 ppm). The cut-off value used to identify smokers with nicotine dependence was set at 10 ppm (specificity = 0.721, sensitivity = 0.731, positive predictive value = 0.817 and negative predictive value = 0.617). Psychometric properties were stable with various durations of smoking. Exhaled CO correlated positively with FTND scores (Pearson's rho = 0.398, p = 0.01). Our findings show exhaled CO can be used to identify nicotine dependence among adult Malaysian male smokers.
    Matched MeSH terms: ROC Curve
  9. Fulltext Value of Shock Index in prognosticating the short-term outcome of death for patients presenting with severe sepsis and septic shock in the emergency department
    Yussof SJM, Zakaria MI, Mohamed FL, Bujang MA, Lakshmanan S, Asaari AH
    Med J Malaysia, 2012 Aug;67(4):406-11.
    PMID: 23082451
    INTRODUCTION: The importance of early recognition and treatment of sepsis and its effects on short-term survival outcome have long been recognized. Having reliable indicators and markers that would help prognosticate the survival of these patients is invaluable and would subsequently assist in the course of effective dynamic triaging and goal directed management.
    STUDY OBJECTIVES: To determine the prognosticative value of Shock Index (SI), taken upon arrival to the emergency department and after 2 hours of resuscitation on the shortterm outcome of severe sepsis and septic shock patients.
    METHODOLOGY: This is a retrospective observational study involving 50 patients admitted to the University of Malaya Medical Centre between June 2009 and June 2010 who have been diagnosed with either severe sepsis or septic shock. Patients were identified retrospectively from the details recorded in the registration book of the resuscitation room. 50 patients were selected for this pilot study. The population comprised 19 males (38%) and 31 females (62%). The median (min, max) age was 54.5 (17.0, 84.0) years. The number of severe sepsis and septic shock cases were 31 (62%), and 19 (38%) respectively. There were 17 (34%) cases of pneumonias, 13 (26%) cases of urological sepsis, 8 (16%) cases of gastro intestinal tract related infections and 12 (24%) cases of other infections. There were a total of 23 (46%) survivors and 27 (54%) deaths. The value of the shock index is defined as systolic blood pressure divided by heart rate was calculated. Shock Index on presentation to ED (SI 1) and after 2 hours of resuscitation in the ED (SI 2). The median, minimum and maximum variables were tested using Mann-Whitney U and Chi square analysis. The significant parameters were re-evaluated for sensitivity, specificity and cut-off points. ROC curves and AUC values were generated among these variables to assess prognostic utility for outcome.
    RESULTS: Amongst all 7 variables tested, 2 were tested to be significant (p: < 0.05). From the sensitivity, specificity and ROC analysis, the best predictor for death was (SI 2) with a sensitivity of 80.8%, specificity of 79.2%, AUC value of 0.8894 [CI 95 0.8052, 0.9736] at a cut-off point of > or = 1.0.
    CONCLUSION: (SI 2) may potentially be utilized as a reliable predictor for death in patients presenting with septic shock and severe sepsis in an emergency department. This parameters should be further analyzed in a larger scale prospective study to determine its validity.
    Matched MeSH terms: ROC Curve
  10. Fulltext Blood-based biomarkers of aggressive prostate cancer
    Liong ML, Lim CR, Yang H, Chao S, Bong CW, Leong WS, et al.
    PLoS One, 2012;7(9):e45802.
    PMID: 23071848 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045802
    Prostate cancer is a bimodal disease with aggressive and indolent forms. Current prostate-specific-antigen testing and digital rectal examination screening provide ambiguous results leading to both under-and over-treatment. Accurate, consistent diagnosis is crucial to risk-stratify patients and facilitate clinical decision making as to treatment versus active surveillance. Diagnosis is currently achieved by needle biopsy, a painful procedure. Thus, there is a clinical need for a minimally-invasive test to determine prostate cancer aggressiveness. A blood sample to predict Gleason score, which is known to reflect aggressiveness of the cancer, could serve as such a test.
    Matched MeSH terms: ROC Curve
  11. Fulltext Sensitivity and specificity of waist circumference as a single screening tool for identification of overweight and obesity among Malaysian adults
    Kee CC, Jamaiyah H, Geeta A, Ali ZA, Safiza MN, Suzana S, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 2011 Dec;66(5):462-7.
    PMID: 22390102 MyJurnal
    Generalised obesity and central obesity are risk factors for Type II diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Waist circumference (WC) has been suggested as a single screening tool for identification of overweight or obese subjects in lieu of the body mass index (BMI) for weight management in public health program. Currently, the recommended waist circumference cut-off points of > or = 94cm for men and > or =80cm for women (waist action level 1) and > or = 102cm for men and > or = 88cm for women (waist action level 2) used for identification of overweight and obesity are based on studies in Caucasian populations. The objective of this study was to assess the sensitivity and specificity of the recommended waist action levels, and to determine optimal WC cut-off points for identification of overweight or obesity with central fat distribution based on BMI for Malaysian adults. Data from 32,773 subjects (14,982 men and 17,791 women) aged 18 and above who participated in the Third National Health Morbidity Survey in 2006 were analysed. Sensitivity and specificity of WC at waist action level 1 were 48.3% and 97.5% for men; and 84.2% and 80.6% for women when compared to the cut-off points based on BMI > or = 25kg/m2. At waist action level 2, sensitivity and specificity were 52.4% and 98.0% for men, and 79.2% and 85.4% for women when compared with the cut-off points based on BMI (> or = 30 kg/m2). Receiver operating characteristic analyses showed that the appropriatescreening cut-off points for WC to identify subjects with overweight (> or = 25kg/m2) was 86.0cm (sensitivity=83.6%, specificity=82.5%) for men, and 79.1cm (sensitivity=85.0%, specificity=79.5%) for women. Waist circumference cut-off points to identify obese subjects (BMI > or = 30 kg/m2) was 93.2cm (sensitivity=86.5%, specificity=85.7%) for men and 85.2cm (sensitivity=77.9%, specificity=78.0%) for women. Our findings demonstrated that the current recommended waist circumference cut-off points have low sensitivity for identification of overweight and obesity in men. We suggest that these newly identified cut-off points be considered.
    Study name: National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS-2006)
    Matched MeSH terms: ROC Curve
  12. Validity of the Malay version of the Internet Addiction Test: a study on a group of medical students in Malaysia
    Guan NC, Isa SM, Hashim AH, Pillai SK, Harbajan Singh MK
    Asia Pac J Public Health, 2015 Mar;27(2):NP2210-9.
    PMID: 22652253 DOI: 10.1177/1010539512447808
    The use of the Internet has been increasing dramatically over the decade in Malaysia. Excessive usage of the Internet has lead to a phenomenon called Internet addiction. There is a need for a reliable, valid, and simple-to-use scale to measure Internet addiction in the Malaysian population for clinical practice and research purposes. The aim of this study was to validate the Malay version of the Internet Addiction Test, using a sample of 162 medical students. The instrument displayed good internal consistency (Cronbach's α = .91), parallel reliability (intraclass coefficient = .88, P < .001), and concurrent validity with the Compulsive Internet Use Scale (Pearson's correlation = .84, P < .001). Receiver operating characteristic analysis showed that 43 was the optimal cutoff score to discriminate students with and without Internet dependence. Principal component analysis with varimax rotation identified a 5-factor model. The Malay version of the Internet Addiction Test appeared to be a valid instrument for assessing Internet addiction in Malaysian university students.
    Matched MeSH terms: ROC Curve
  13. Fulltext Estimation of glomerular filtration rate using serum cystatin C in overweight and obese subjects
    Marwyne MN, Loo CY, Halim AG, Norella K, Sulaiman T, Zaleha MI
    Med J Malaysia, 2011 Oct;66(4):313-7.
    PMID: 22299549 MyJurnal
    Obesity and overweight are strong independent risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD). Using serum creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) equations in these subjects may be inaccurate. On the other hand, cystatin C-based eGFR equations may overestimate CKD prevalence as recent findings suggest an association of cystatin C with obesity. The objective of this study was to assess the accuracy of a cystatin C-based eGFR equation compared to two creatinine -based eGFR equations in overweight and obese subjects.
    Matched MeSH terms: ROC Curve
  14. Fulltext The inference of breast cancer metastasis through gene regulatory networks
    Ahmad FK, Deris S, Othman NH
    J Biomed Inform, 2012 Apr;45(2):350-62.
    PMID: 22179053 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2011.11.015
    Understanding the mechanisms of gene regulation during breast cancer is one of the most difficult problems among oncologists because this regulation is likely comprised of complex genetic interactions. Given this complexity, a computational study using the Bayesian network technique has been employed to construct a gene regulatory network from microarray data. Although the Bayesian network has been notified as a prominent method to infer gene regulatory processes, learning the Bayesian network structure is NP hard and computationally intricate. Therefore, we propose a novel inference method based on low-order conditional independence that extends to the case of the Bayesian network to deal with a large number of genes and an insufficient sample size. This method has been evaluated and compared with full-order conditional independence and different prognostic indices on a publicly available breast cancer data set. Our results suggest that the low-order conditional independence method will be able to handle a large number of genes in a small sample size with the least mean square error. In addition, this proposed method performs significantly better than other methods, including the full-order conditional independence and the St. Gallen consensus criteria. The proposed method achieved an area under the ROC curve of 0.79203, whereas the full-order conditional independence and the St. Gallen consensus criteria obtained 0.76438 and 0.73810, respectively. Furthermore, our empirical evaluation using the low-order conditional independence method has demonstrated a promising relationship between six gene regulators and two regulated genes and will be further investigated as potential breast cancer metastasis prognostic markers.
    Matched MeSH terms: ROC Curve
  15. Remote protein homology detection and fold recognition using two-layer support vector machine classifiers
    Muda HM, Saad P, Othman RM
    Comput Biol Med, 2011 Aug;41(8):687-99.
    PMID: 21704312 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2011.06.004
    Remote protein homology detection and fold recognition refer to detection of structural homology in proteins where there are small or no similarities in the sequence. To detect protein structural classes from protein primary sequence information, homology-based methods have been developed, which can be divided to three types: discriminative classifiers, generative models for protein families and pairwise sequence comparisons. Support Vector Machines (SVM) and Neural Networks (NN) are two popular discriminative methods. Recent studies have shown that SVM has fast speed during training, more accurate and efficient compared to NN. We present a comprehensive method based on two-layer classifiers. The 1st layer is used to detect up to superfamily and family in SCOP hierarchy using optimized binary SVM classification rules. It used the kernel function known as the Bio-kernel, which incorporates the biological information in the classification process. The 2nd layer uses discriminative SVM algorithm with string kernel that will detect up to protein fold level in SCOP hierarchy. The results obtained were evaluated using mean ROC and mean MRFP and the significance of the result produced with pairwise t-test was tested. Experimental results show that our approaches significantly improve the performance of remote protein homology detection and fold recognition for all three different version SCOP datasets (1.53, 1.67 and 1.73). We achieved 4.19% improvements in term of mean ROC in SCOP 1.53, 4.75% in SCOP 1.67 and 4.03% in SCOP 1.73 datasets when compared to the result produced by well-known methods. The combination of first layer and second layer of BioSVM-2L performs well in remote homology detection and fold recognition even in three different versions of datasets.
    Matched MeSH terms: ROC Curve
  16. Fulltext Glycated haemoglobin is a good predictor of neonatal hypoglycaemia in pregnancies complicated by diabetes
    Arumugam K, Abdul Majeed N
    Malays J Pathol, 2011 Jun;33(1):21-4.
    PMID: 21874747 MyJurnal
    We investigated the usefulness of a single value of maternal HbA1c in late pregnancy as a predictor for neonatal hypoglycaemia and secondly, to find the appropriate threshold value. A prospective analysis of the HbA1c concentration between 36 to 38 weeks of gestation in 150 pregnant mothers with either pre-existing or gestational diabetes was performed. At delivery, glucose levels in the cord blood were analysed. Neonatal hypoglycaemia was defined as a blood sugar level of < 2.6 mmol/l. Receiver operator characteristic curve was constructed to evaluate the value of HbA1c concentration in predicting hypoglycaemia. There were 16 foetuses who were hypoglycaemic at delivery. The area under the ROC curve for predicting neonatal hypoglycaemia was 0.997 with a 95% confidence interval of 0.992 to 1, a very good prediction rate. The optimal threshold value for HbA1c in predicting hypoglycaemia in the foetus was 6.8% (51 mmol/mol). HbA1c level in late pregnancy is a good predictor for hypoglycaemia in the newborn.
    Matched MeSH terms: ROC Curve
  17. Fulltext Detection of neovascularization in diabetic retinopathy
    Hassan SS, Bong DB, Premsenthil M
    J Digit Imaging, 2012 Jun;25(3):437-44.
    PMID: 21901535 DOI: 10.1007/s10278-011-9418-6
    Diabetic retinopathy has become an increasingly important cause of blindness. Nevertheless, vision loss can be prevented from early detection of diabetic retinopathy and monitor with regular examination. Common automatic detection of retinal abnormalities is for microaneurysms, hemorrhages, hard exudates, and cotton wool spot. However, there is a worse case of retinal abnormality, but not much research was done to detect it. It is neovascularization where new blood vessels grow due to extensive lack of oxygen in the retinal capillaries. This paper shows that various combination of techniques such as image normalization, compactness classifier, morphology-based operator, Gaussian filtering, and thresholding techniques were used in developing of neovascularization detection. A function matrix box was added in order to classify the neovascularization from natural blood vessel. A region-based neovascularization classification was attempted as a diagnostic accuracy. The developed method was tested on images from different database sources with varying quality and image resolution. It shows that specificity and sensitivity results were 89.4% and 63.9%, respectively. The proposed approach yield encouraging results for future development.
    Matched MeSH terms: ROC Curve
  18. Discovery of new nanomolar peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ activators via elaborate ligand-based modeling
    Al-Najjar BO, Wahab HA, Tengku Muhammad TS, Shu-Chien AC, Ahmad Noruddin NA, Taha MO
    Eur J Med Chem, 2011 Jun;46(6):2513-29.
    PMID: 21482446 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.03.040
    Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ (PPARγ) activators have drawn great recent attention in the clinical management of type 2 diabetes mellitus, prompting several attempts to discover and optimize new PPARγ activators. With this in mind, we explored the pharmacophoric space of PPARγ using seven diverse sets of activators. Subsequently, genetic algorithm and multiple linear regression analysis were employed to select an optimal combination of pharmacophoric models and 2D physicochemical descriptors capable of accessing self-consistent and predictive quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) (r2(71)=0.80, F=270.3, r2LOO=0.73, r2PRESS against 17 external test inhibitors=0.67). Three orthogonal pharmacophores emerged in the QSAR equation and were validated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves analysis. The models were then used to screen the national cancer institute (NCI) list of compounds. The highest-ranking hits were tested in vitro. The most potent hits illustrated EC50 values of 15 and 224 nM.
    Matched MeSH terms: ROC Curve
  19. RBC-Y/MCV as a discriminant function for differentiating carriers of thalassaemia and HbE from iron deficiency
    Nadarajan VS, Sthaneshwar P, Jayaranee S
    Int J Lab Hematol, 2010 Apr;32(2):215-21.
    PMID: 19566741 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-553X.2009.01174.x
    Individuals with alpha-thalassaemia (ATT), beta-thalassaemia (BTT) and HbE trait (HET) are often initially identified based on haematological parameters. However, the values of these parameters usually overlap with iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) and anaemia of chronic disease (ACD). We evaluated the use of RBC-Y in 156 normal individuals and 332 patients; ATT (n = 37), BTT (n = 61), HET (n = 25), HbH disease (n = 5), ACD (n = 67), IDA (n = 83) and ACD with IDA (n = 54). Diagnostic efficiency was analysed by receiver operating characteristics (ROC). MCH was better compared with RBC-Y in discriminating normal from abnormal with sensitivity and specificity of 94% at a cut-off of 26 pg. The Green and King (G&K) index performed the best in discriminating carriers from IDA and ACD with area under the ROC curve (AUC(ROC)) of 0.81. However, if ACD was excluded, RBC-Y/MCV was a good discriminator for carriers from IDA with AUC(ROC) = 0.845. In general screening of populations with ATT, BTT and HET, we propose that hypochromic individuals be first identified by MCH <26 pg and carriers distinguished within these hypochromic individuals from IDA by using RBC-Y/MCV. However, if the prevalence of ACD were high within the screening population, G&K index would be a more suitable discriminator.
    Matched MeSH terms: ROC Curve
  20. Macrosomia is the only reliable predictor of shoulder dystocia in babies weighing 3.5 kg or more
    Mansor A, Arumugam K, Omar SZ
    Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol, 2010 Mar;149(1):44-6.
    PMID: 20042263 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2009.12.003
    To determine if shoulder dystocia can be predicted in babies born weighing 3.5 kg or more.
    Matched MeSH terms: ROC Curve
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