Displaying publications 81 - 100 of 619 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium) Green manures as a potential source of N for maize production in the tropics
    Bah AR, Rahman ZA
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2001 Nov 22;1 Suppl 2:90-5.
    PMID: 12805783
    Use of cheap, N-rich, and environmentally benign legume green manures to correct N deficiency in infertile soils is a very attractive option in the humid tropics. Understanding the influence of management and climate on their effectiveness, and quantifying their contribution to crop productivity, is therefore crucial for technology adoption and adaptation. Mineral N buildup and the contribution to N uptake in maize were studied in an Ultisol amended with fresh Gliricidia leaves. Net mineral N accumulation was compared in mulched and incorporated treatments in a field incubation study. The 15 N isotope dilution technique was used to quantify N supplied to maize by Gliricidia leaves in an alley cropping. Mineral N accumulation was slow, but was much greater after incorporation than after mulching. Also, N buildup was always higher in the topsoil (0 to 10 cm) than in the subsoil (10 to 20 cm). More NO3-N was leached than NH4-N, and the effect was greater in the incorporated treatment. Surface-applied Gliricidia leaves significantly increased N uptake by maize, and supplied >30% of the total N in the stover and >20% of that in the corn grain, even in the presence of hedgerows. Thus Gliricidia leaf mulch has immense potential to improve productivity in tropical soils.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nitrogen Isotopes
  2. Amnesic effects of electroshock and anoxia on conditioned taste aversion learning in rats
    Banerjee U, Das P
    Behav Processes, 1977 Jun;2(2):175-86.
    PMID: 24896436 DOI: 10.1016/0376-6357(77)90019-5
    Albino Wistar rats of both sexes were given a conditioned taste aversion training (CTA). Saccharin was used as the conditional stimulus (CS) and apomorphine-induced illness as the unconditional stimulus (US) on day 4. Amnestic treatment with electroconvulsive shock (ECS) or nitrogen anoxia were given to the rats at various points within the 180-min long CS-US interval as well as after the US. They were reexposed to the CS on days 5 and 6 in order to evaluate CTA and its extinction respectively. Apomorphine injection alone produced significant CTA as long as the CS-US interval was less than 120 min but not beyond it. Saline injections, with or without amnestic treatments, produced only an adaptation to and preference for saccharin. ECS could prevent CTA when delivered within 85 min before or 110 min after the US. Anoxia was effective at a much shorter range of time than ECS. The results are discussed in the perspectives of neophobia, saccharin aversion, amnestic agents and the character as well as gradients of amnesia produced.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nitrogen
  3. Fulltext Ultrasonication-mediated nitrogen-doped multiwalled carbon nanotubes involving carboxy methylcellulose composite for solid-state supercapacitor applications
    Basivi PK, Ramesh S, Kakani V, Yadav HM, Bathula C, Afsar N, et al.
    Sci Rep, 2021 May 10;11(1):9918.
    PMID: 33972653 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89430-x
    In this study, a novel nanohybrid composite containing nitrogen-doped multiwalled carbon nanotubes/carboxymethylcellulose (N-MWCNT/CMC) was synthesized for supercapacitor applications. The synthesized composite materials were subjected to an ultrasonication-mediated solvothermal hydrothermal reaction. The synthesized nanohybrid composite electrode material was characterized using analytical methods to confirm its structure and morphology. The electrochemical properties of the composite electrode were investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanic charge-discharge, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) using a 3 M KOH electrolyte. The fabricated composite material exhibited unique electrochemical properties by delivering a maximum specific capacitance of approximately 274 F g-1 at a current density of 2 A g-1. The composite electrode displayed high cycling stability of 96% after 4000 cycles at 2 A g-1, indicating that it is favorable for supercapacitor applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nitrogen
  4. Valorization of biodiesel side stream waste glycerol for rhamnolipids production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa RS6
    Baskaran SM, Zakaria MR, Mukhlis Ahmad Sabri AS, Mohamed MS, Wasoh H, Toshinari M, et al.
    Environ Pollut, 2021 Feb 13;276:116742.
    PMID: 33621735 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116742
    Biodiesel side stream waste glycerol was identified as a cheap carbon source for rhamnolipids (RLs) production which at the same time could improve the management of waste. The present study aimed to produce RLs by using Pseudomonas aeruginosa RS6 utilizing waste glycerol as a substrate and to evaluate their physico-chemicals properties. Fermentation conditions such as temperature, initial medium pH, waste glycerol concentration, nitrogen sources and concentrations resulted in different compositions of the mono- and di-RLs produced. The maximum RLs production of 2.73 g/L was obtained when P. aeruginosa RS6 was grown in a basal salt medium supplemented with 1% waste glycerol and 0.2 M sodium nitrate at 35 °C and pH 6.5. At optimal fermentation conditions, the emulsification index (E24) values of cooking oil, diesel oil, benzene, olive oil, petroleum, and kerosene were all above E24=50%. The surface tension reduction obtained from 72.13 mN/m to 29.4-30.4 mN/m was better than the surface activity of some chemical-based surfactants. The RLs produced possessed antimicrobial activities against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria with values ranging from 37% to 77% of growth inhibition when 1 mg/mL of RLs was used. Concentrations of RLs below 1500 μg/mL did not induce phytotoxicity effects on the tested seeds (Vigna radiata) compared to the chemical-based- surfactant, SDS. Furthermore, RLs tested on zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos only exhibited low acute toxicity with an LC50 value of 72.97 μg/mL at 48 h of exposure suggesting a green and eco-biochemical worthy of future applications to replace chemical-based surfactants.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nitrogen
  5. Aerobic granular sludge development using diatomite for low-strength wastewater treatment
    Basri HF, Anuar AN, Halim MHA, Yuzir MA, Muda K, Omoregie AI, et al.
    Environ Monit Assess, 2023 Feb 21;195(3):420.
    PMID: 36809517 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-023-11028-9
    This paper presents an assessment of the start-up performance of aerobic granular sludge (AGS) for the treatment of low-strength (chemical oxygen demand, COD 
    Matched MeSH terms: Nitrogen
  6. Isotopic ratio analysis of cattle tail hair: A potential tool in building the database for cow milk geographical traceability
    Behkami S, Zain SM, Gholami M, Bakirdere S
    Food Chem, 2017 Feb 15;217:438-444.
    PMID: 27664656 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.08.130
    The potential for the isotopic ratio analysis of cattle tail hair in determining the geographical origin of raw cow milk in Peninsular Malaysia had been investigated in this research using exploratory visualization. A significant positive correlation (p<0.0001) (n=54) was noticed between δ(13)C and δ(15)N in milk with that of hair which indicated that these matrices could be used in tracing the geographical origin of animal produce and tissues, and there is a possibility that hair could be used as a substitute in building the database for the geographical traceability of milk. It was also observed that both hair and milk isotopic ratio correlations exhibited separation between the northern and southern regions. The accuracy of using isotopic ratio in determining geographical discrimination had been clearly demonstrated when several commercial milk samples from the same regions under the study were correctly assigned to the appropriate geographical clusters.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nitrogen Isotopes/analysis*
  7. Achieving dialysis adequacy: A global perspective
    Bharati J, Jha V
    Semin Dial, 2020 11;33(6):490-498.
    PMID: 33030777 DOI: 10.1111/sdi.12924
    Dialysis adequacy is conventionally quantified as net urea clearance. Single pool (sp) Kt/Vurea remains the best studied measure of dialysis adequacy globally. Other measures such as fluid status control, anemia correction, and mineral metabolism are monitored variably. Increasing use of hemodiafiltration across Europe and many parts of Japan and Australia is predicated on studies showing better patient survival with middle molecule clearance. Apart from local clinical practice guidelines, the income level and public health policy of a country determine quality of dialysis services. Among developed nations, small solute clearance adequacy targets are achieved with high frequency. In the United States, dialysis adequacy target is met by focussing on high blood flow rates and large dialyzer size, sometimes at the cost of session time. In Japan, Australia, and Germany, session length is given importance. Dialysis adequacy reporting is restricted and inconsistent in developing nations. The Gulf Cooperation Council countries, Russia and Malaysia, respectively, are close to achieving dialysis adequacy target (spKt/Vurea ≥1.2) universally in their dialysis populations. Patient-reported outcomes are typically measured only in developed countries. Patient survival on dialysis, partly linked to dialysis adequacy, varies greatly around the world, with Japan having the best survival rates. Until the development of better markers of dialysis adequacy, universal consistency in reporting of conventional parameters with a focus on patient-reported measures should be endeavored.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Urea Nitrogen
  8. Fulltext De novo transcriptome resources of the lichens, Dirinaria sp. UKM-J1 and UKM-K1 collected from Jerantut and Klang, Malaysia
    Bharudin I, Abdul Rahim SN, Abu Bakar MF, Ibrahim SN, Kamaruddin S, Latif MT, et al.
    Data Brief, 2018 Aug;19:2416-2419.
    PMID: 30229114 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2018.07.020
    Lichen is a symbiotic organism that exists as a single composite body consisting of a mycobiont (fungus) and a photobiont (algae or a cyanobacterium). Many lichen species are considered as extremophiles due to their tolerance to radiation, desiccation, temperature and pollution. However, not all lichen species are tolerant to harsh environmental conditions as several species are sensitive for example to nitrogen, sulphur, acidity, heavy metals, halogens (e.g. fluoride) and ozone. Thus, to better understand why some lichens can withstand exposure to pollutants as opposed to those that are susceptible, we focused on the lichen species of Dirinaria known for their wide distribution in the tropics, subtropics and pantropical, and moderate tolerance to air pollution. Their moderate tolerance to air pollution affords them to thrive in good air quality environments as well as polluted air environments. Lichen samples of Dirinaria sp., UKM-J1 and UKM-K1, were respectively collected from two areas with different levels of air quality based on Air Pollutant Index or API (with index pollutant criteria of PM10, carbon monoxide, ozone, nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide) in the outskirt of Jerantut (UKM-J1), a rural area in the middle of Peninsular Malaysia and the township of Klang (UKM-K1), in a busy area of the Klang Valley, Malaysia. API was monitored throughout 2012-2013 whereby the sample collection site in Klang showed markedly higher concentrations of pollutants in all the index pollutant criteria as compared to that of Jerantut. We performed transcriptome sequencing using Illumina RNA-seq technology and de novo assembly of the transcripts from the lichen samples. Raw reads from both libraries were deposited in the NCBI database with the accession number SRP138994.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nitrogen; Nitrogen Dioxide
  9. Conservation agricultural practices for minimizing ammonia volatilization and maximizing wheat productivity
    Bhaskar KA, Al-Hashimi A, Meena M, Meena VS, Langyan S, Shrivastava M, et al.
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2022 Feb;29(7):9792-9804.
    PMID: 34508308 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16370-4
    A large amount of ammonia volatilization from the agricultural system causes environmental problems and increases production costs. Conservation agriculture has emerged as an alternate and sustainable crop production system. Therefore, in the present study, ammonia losses from different agricultural practices were evaluated for the wheat crop under different tillage practices. The results of the present study showed that the cumulative emission of ammonia flux from the wheat field varied from 6.23 to 24.00 kg ha-1 (P ≤ 0.05) in conservation tillage (CA) and 7.03 to 26.58 kg ha-1 (P ≤ 0.05) in conventional tillage (CT) among different treatments. Application of basal 80% nitrogen resulted in the highest ammonia flux in conventional and conservation tillage practices. The ammonia volatilization followed the following trend: urea super granules with band placement > neem-coated urea with band placement > neem-coated urea with broadcast before irrigation > neem-coated urea with broadcast after irrigation > slow-release N fertilizer (urea stabilized with DCD and N(n-butyl)thiophosphoric triamide) with band placement. The conservation agricultural practices involving conservation tillage appear to be a sustainable approach for minimizing ammonia volatilization and improving wheat productivity.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nitrogen/analysis
  10. Fulltext Enhancement of bioplastic polyhydroxybutyrate P(3HB) production from glucose by newly engineered strain Cupriavidus necator NSDG-GG using response surface methodology
    Biglari N, Ganjali Dashti M, Abdeshahian P, Orita I, Fukui T, Sudesh K
    3 Biotech, 2018 Aug;8(8):330.
    PMID: 30073115 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-018-1351-7
    This study aimed to enhance production of polyhydroxybutyrate P(3HB) by a newly engineered strain of Cupriavidus necator NSDG-GG by applying response surface methodology (RSM). From initial experiment of one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT), glucose and urea were found to be the most significant substrates as carbon and nitrogen sources, respectively, for the production of P(3HB). OFAT experiment results showed that the maximum biomass, P(3HB) content, and P(3HB) concentration of 8.95 g/L, 76 wt%, and 6.80 g/L were achieved at 25 g/L glucose and 0.54 g/L urea with an agitation rate of 200 rpm at 30 °C after 48 h. In this study, RSM was applied to optimize the three key variables (glucose concentration, urea concentration, and agitation speed) at a time to obtain optimal conditions in a multivariable system. Fermentation experiments were conducted in shaking flask by cultivation of C. necator NSDG-GG using various glucose concentrations (10-50 g/L), urea concentrations (0.27-0.73 g/L), and agitation speeds (150-250 rpm). The interaction between the variables studied was analyzed by ANOVA analysis. The RSM results indicated that the optimum cultivation conditions were 37.70 g/L glucose, 0.73 g/L urea, and 200 rpm agitation speed. The validation experiments under optimum conditions produced the highest biomass of 12.84 g/L, P(3HB) content of 92.16 wt%, and P(3HB) concentration of 11.83 g/L. RSM was found to be an efficient method in enhancing the production of biomass, P(3HB) content, and P(3HB) concentration by 43, 21, and 74%, respectively.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nitrogen
  11. Fulltext Convergence between the microcosms of Southeast Asian and North American pitcher plants
    Bittleston LS, Wolock CJ, Yahya BE, Chan XY, Chan KG, Pierce NE, et al.
    Elife, 2018 08 28;7.
    PMID: 30152327 DOI: 10.7554/eLife.36741
    The 'pitchers' of carnivorous pitcher plants are exquisite examples of convergent evolution. An open question is whether the living communities housed in pitchers also converge in structure or function. Using samples from more than 330 field-collected pitchers of eight species of Southeast Asian Nepenthes and six species of North American Sarracenia, we demonstrate that the pitcher microcosms, or miniature ecosystems with complex communities, are strikingly similar. Compared to communities from surrounding habitats, pitcher communities house fewer species. While communities associated with the two genera contain different microbial organisms and arthropods, the species are predominantly from the same phylogenetic clades. Microbiomes from both genera are enriched in degradation pathways and have high abundances of key degradation enzymes. Moreover, in a manipulative field experiment, Nepenthes pitchers placed in a North American bog assembled Sarracenia-like communities. An understanding of the convergent interactions in pitcher microcosms facilitates identification of selective pressures shaping the communities.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nitrogen/metabolism
  12. Fulltext Logging and soil nutrients independently explain plant trait expression in tropical forests
    Both S, Riutta T, Paine CET, Elias DMO, Cruz RS, Jain A, et al.
    New Phytol, 2019 03;221(4):1853-1865.
    PMID: 30238458 DOI: 10.1111/nph.15444
    Plant functional traits regulate ecosystem functions but little is known about how co-occurring gradients of land use and edaphic conditions influence their expression. We test how gradients of logging disturbance and soil properties relate to community-weighted mean traits in logged and old-growth tropical forests in Borneo. We studied 32 physical, chemical and physiological traits from 284 tree species in eight 1 ha plots and measured long-term soil nutrient supplies and plant-available nutrients. Logged plots had greater values for traits that drive carbon capture and growth, whilst old-growth forests had greater values for structural and persistence traits. Although disturbance was the primary driver of trait expression, soil nutrients explained a statistically independent axis of variation linked to leaf size and nutrient concentration. Soil characteristics influenced trait expression via nutrient availability, nutrient pools, and pH. Our finding, that traits have dissimilar responses to land use and soil resource availability, provides robust evidence for the need to consider the abiotic context of logging when predicting plant functional diversity across human-modified tropical forests. The detection of two independent axes was facilitated by the measurement of many more functional traits than have been examined in previous studies.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nitrogen Isotopes/analysis
  13. Fulltext Riparian plant litter quality increases with latitude
    Boyero L, Graça MAS, Tonin AM, Pérez J, J Swafford A, Ferreira V, et al.
    Sci Rep, 2017 09 05;7(1):10562.
    PMID: 28874830 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-10640-3
    Plant litter represents a major basal resource in streams, where its decomposition is partly regulated by litter traits. Litter-trait variation may determine the latitudinal gradient in decomposition in streams, which is mainly microbial in the tropics and detritivore-mediated at high latitudes. However, this hypothesis remains untested, as we lack information on large-scale trait variation for riparian litter. Variation cannot easily be inferred from existing leaf-trait databases, since nutrient resorption can cause traits of litter and green leaves to diverge. Here we present the first global-scale assessment of riparian litter quality by determining latitudinal variation (spanning 107°) in litter traits (nutrient concentrations; physical and chemical defences) of 151 species from 24 regions and their relationships with environmental factors and phylogeny. We hypothesized that litter quality would increase with latitude (despite variation within regions) and traits would be correlated to produce 'syndromes' resulting from phylogeny and environmental variation. We found lower litter quality and higher nitrogen:phosphorus ratios in the tropics. Traits were linked but showed no phylogenetic signal, suggesting that syndromes were environmentally determined. Poorer litter quality and greater phosphorus limitation towards the equator may restrict detritivore-mediated decomposition, contributing to the predominance of microbial decomposers in tropical streams.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nitrogen/metabolism
  14. Compatibility of utilising nitrogen-rich oil palm trunk sap for succinic acid fermentation by Actinobacillus succinogenes 130Z
    Bukhari NA, Loh SK, Nasrin AB, Luthfi AAI, Harun S, Abdul PM, et al.
    Bioresour Technol, 2019 Dec;293:122085.
    PMID: 31499328 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122085
    In this study, the potential of oil palm trunk (OPT) sap as a sole substrate for succinic acid (SA) production was evaluated using Actinobacillus succinogenes 130Z. After OPT sap was characterised, the effects of adding carbonate, yeast extract (YE) and minerals to this medium were investigated in an attempt to develop a low-cost fermentation medium. The OPT sap alone, gave comparable SA yield and productivity (0.54 g/g and 0.35 g/L/h) to those supplemented with YE (0.50 g/g and 0.36 g/L/h) and minerals (0.55 g/g and 0.40 g/L/h). The findings showed that OPT sap has sufficient amount of nutrients for SA biosynthesis by A. succinogenes 130Z and could potentially reduce cost without requiring expensive nutrients supplementation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nitrogen
  15. Azostix: a rapid test for blood urea
    Buttery JE, de Witt GF, Ahmad UO
    Med J Malaya, 1969 Jun;23(4):265-8.
    PMID: 4242173
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Urea Nitrogen*
  16. Fulltext Synthesis, characterisation and biological activities of Ru(III), Mo(V), Cd(II), Zn(II) and Cu(II) complexes containing a novel Nitrogen-Sulphur Macrocyclic Schiff base derived from Glyoxal
    Chah, C.K., Ravoof, T.B.S.A., Veerakumarasivam, A.
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2018;26(2):653-670.
    MyJurnal
    A novel nitrogen-sulphur macrocyclic Schiff base, 4,11,20,27-tetrathioxo3,12,19,28-tetrathia-5,6,9,10,21,22,25,26-octaazatricyclo[28.2.2.214,17]hexatriaconta 1(33),6,8,14(36),15,17(35),22,24,30(34),31-decaene-2,13,18,29-tetraone (TGSB) derived from terephthaloyl-bis-dithiocarbazate (TDTC) and glyoxal (ethane-1,2-dione) is synthesised via condensation. Metal complexes are formed by reacting the Schiff base with various metal salts such as Ru(III), Mo(V), Cd(II), Zn(II) and Cu(II). The complexes are expected to have a general formula of M2L or M3L with a square planar or square pyramidal geometry. These compounds were characterised by various physicochemical and spectroscopic techniques. From the data, it is concluded that the azomethine nitrogen atom and the thiolate sulphur atom from the ligand are bonded to the metal ion. In the IR spectra of the complexes, the presence of the C=N band in the region of 1600 cm-1 indicates the successful formation of the Schiff base. The structures of the Schiff base and metal complexes are confirmed via FT-IR, GC-MS and NMR spectroscopic analysis. The magnetic susceptibility measurements, electronic spectral data and molar conductivity analysis support the desired geometry of the complexes. The Schiff base and its metal complexes are evaluated for their biological activities against the invasive human bladder carcinoma cell line (EJ-28) and the minimuminvasive human bladder carcinoma cell line (RT-112). The RuTGSB and CdTGSB complexes showed selective activity against RT-112.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nitrogen
  17. Blooms of diatom and dinoflagellate associated with nutrient imbalance driven by cycling of nitrogen and phosphorus in anaerobic sediments in Johor Strait (Malaysia)
    Chai X, Li X, Hii KS, Zhang Q, Deng Q, Wan L, et al.
    Mar Environ Res, 2021 Jul;169:105398.
    PMID: 34171592 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2021.105398
    Coastal eutrophication is one of the pivotal factors driving occurrence of harmful algal blooms (HABs), whose underlying mechanism remained unclear. To better understand the nutrient regime triggering HABs and their formation process, the phytoplankton composition and its response to varying nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), physio-chemical parameters in water and sediment in Johor Strait in March 2019 were analyzed. Surface and sub-surface HABs were observed with the main causative species of Skeletonema, Chaetoceros and Karlodinium. The ecophysiological responses of Skeletonema to the low ambient N/P ratio such as secreting alkaline phosphatase, regulating cell morphology (volume; surface area/volume ratio) might play an important role in dominating the community. Anaerobic sediment iron-bound P release and simultaneous N removal by denitrification and anammox, shaped the stoichiometry of N and P in water column. The decrease of N/P ratio might shift the phytoplankton community into the dominance of HABs causative diatoms and dinoflagellates.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nitrogen/analysis
  18. Fulltext Evaluation of the geographical utility of Eastern Russell's viper (Daboia siamensis) antivenom from Thailand and an assessment of its protective effects against venom-induced nephrotoxicity
    Chaisakul J, Alsolaiss J, Charoenpitakchai M, Wiwatwarayos K, Sookprasert N, Harrison RA, et al.
    PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2019 10;13(10):e0007338.
    PMID: 31644526 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007338
    BACKGROUND: Daboia siamensis (Eastern Russell's viper) is a medically important snake species found widely distributed across Southeast Asia. Envenomings by this species can result in systemic coagulopathy, local tissue injury and/or renal failure. While administration of specific antivenom is an effective treatment for Russell's viper envenomings, the availability of, and access to, geographically-appropriate antivenom remains problematic in many rural areas. In this study, we determined the binding and neutralizing capability of antivenoms manufactured by the Thai Red Cross in Thailand against D. siamensis venoms from four geographical locales: Myanmar, Taiwan, China and Thailand.

    METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPLE FINDINGS: The D. siamensis monovalent antivenom displayed extensive recognition and binding to proteins found in D. siamensis venom, irrespective of the geographical origin of those venoms. Similar immunological characteristics were observed with the Hemato Polyvalent antivenom, which also uses D. siamensis venom as an immunogen, but binding levels were dramatically reduced when using comparator monovalent antivenoms manufactured against different snake species. A similar pattern was observed when investigating neutralization of coagulopathy, with the procoagulant action of all four geographical venom variants neutralized by both the D. siamensis monovalent and the Hemato Polyvalent antivenoms, while the comparator monovalent antivenoms were ineffective. These in vitro findings translated into therapeutic efficacy in vivo, as the D. siamensis monovalent antivenom was found to effectively protect against the lethal effects of all four geographical venom variants preclinically. Assessments of in vivo nephrotoxicity revealed that D. siamensis venom (700 μg/kg) significantly increased plasma creatinine and blood urea nitrogen levels in anaesthetised rats. The intravenous administration of D. siamensis monovalent antivenom at three times higher than the recommended scaled therapeutic dose, prior to and 1 h after the injection of venom, resulted in reduced levels of markers of nephrotoxicity and prevented renal morphological changes, although lower doses had no therapeutic effect.

    CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: This study highlights the potential broad geographical utility of the Thai D. siamensis monovalent antivenom for treating envenomings by the Eastern Russell's viper. However, only the early delivery of high antivenom doses appears to be capable of preventing venom-induced nephrotoxicity.

    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Urea Nitrogen
  19. Fulltext Draft Genome Sequence of Lysinibacillus sp. Strain A1, Isolated from Malaysian Tropical Soil
    Chan KG, Chen JW, Chang CY, Yin WF, Chan XY
    Genome Announc, 2015;3(2).
    PMID: 25814592 DOI: 10.1128/genomeA.00095-15
    In this work, we describe the genome of Lysinibacillus sp. strain A1, which was isolated from tropical soil. Analysis of its genome sequence shows the presence of a gene encoding for a putative peptidase responsible for nitrogen compounds.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nitrogen Compounds
  20. Efficient production of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from Pseudomonas mendocina PSU using a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW) as the sole carbon source
    Chanasit W, Hodgson B, Sudesh K, Umsakul K
    Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 2016 Jul;80(7):1440-50.
    PMID: 26981955 DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2016.1158628
    Conditions for the optimal production of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) by Pseudomonas mendocina PSU using a biodiesel liquid waste (BLW) were determined by response surface methodology. These were an initial carbon to nitrogen ratio (C/N) of 40 (mole/mole), an initial pH of 7.0, and a temperature of 35 °C. A biomass and PHA concentration of 3.65 g/L and about 2.6 g/L (77% DCW), respectively, were achieved in a growth associated process using 20 g/L glycerol in the BLW after 36 h of exponential growth. The PHA monomer compositions were 3HB (3-hydroxybutyrate), a short-chain-length-PHA, and the medium-chain-length-PHA e.g. 3-hydroxyoctanoate and 3-hydroxydecanoate. Both the phbC and phaC genes were characterized. The phbC enzyme had not been previously detected in a Pseudomonas mendocina species. A 2.15 g/L of an exopolysaccharide, alginate, was also produced with a similar composition to that of other Pseudomonas species.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nitrogen
Related Terms
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links