Displaying publications 81 - 100 of 668 in total

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  1. Fulltext Investigation on the Electrochemical Performances of Mn2O3 as a Potential Anode for Na-Ion Batteries
    Yusoff NFM, Idris NH, Din MFM, Majid SR, Harun NA, Rahman MM
    Sci Rep, 2020 Jun 08;10(1):9207.
    PMID: 32513958 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66148-w
    Currently, the development of the sodium-ion (Na-ion) batteries as an alternative to lithium-ion batteries has been accelerated to meet the energy demands of large-scale power applications. The difficulty of obtaining suitable electrode materials capable of storing large amount of Na-ion arises from the large radius of Na-ion that restricts its reversible capacity. Herein, Mn2O3 powders are synthesised through the thermal conversion of MnCO3 and reported for the first time as an anode for Na-ion batteries. The phase, morphology and charge/discharge characteristics of Mn2O3 obtained are evaluated systematically. The cubic-like Mn2O3 with particle sizes approximately 1.0-1.5 µm coupled with the formation of Mn2O3 sub-units on its surface create a positive effect on the insertion/deinsertion of Na-ion. Mn2O3 delivers a first discharge capacity of 544 mAh g-1 and retains its capacity by 85% after 200 cycles at 100 mA g-1, demonstrating the excellent cyclability of the Mn2O3 electrode. Therefore, this study provides a significant contribution towards exploring the potential of Mn2O3 as a promising anode in the development of Na-ion batteries.
    Matched MeSH terms: Particle Size
  2. Arsenic adsorption mechanism on palm oil fuel ash (POFA) powder suspension
    Yusof MSM, Othman MHD, Wahab RA, Jumbri K, Razak FIA, Kurniawan TA, et al.
    J Hazard Mater, 2020 02 05;383:121214.
    PMID: 31546216 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121214
    The contribution of palm oil fuel ash (POFA), an agricultural waste as a low cost adsorbent for the removal of arsenite (As(III)) and arsenate (As(V)) was explored. Investigation on the adsorbency characteristics of POFA suspension revealed that the surface area, particle size, composition, and crystallinity of the SiO2 rich mullite structure were the crucial factors in ensuring a high adsorption capacity of the ions. Maximum adsorption capacities of As(III) and As(V) at 91.2 and 99.4 mg g-1, respectively, were obtained when POFA of 30 μm particle size was employed at pH 3 with the highest calcination temperature at 1150 °C. An optimum dosage of 1.0 g of dried POFA powder successfully removed 48.7% and 50.2% of As(III) and As(V), respectively. Molecular modeling using the density functional theory consequently identified the energy for the proposed reaction routes between the SiO- and As+ species. The high stability of the POFA suspension in water in conjunction with good adsorption capacity of As(III) and As(V) seen in this study, thus envisages its feasibility as a potential alternative absorbent for the remediation of water polluted with heavy metals.
    Matched MeSH terms: Particle Size
  3. Fulltext Bioavailability and leaching of Cd and Pb from contaminated soil amended with different sizes of biochar
    Fahmi AH, Samsuri AW, Jol H, Singh D
    R Soc Open Sci, 2018 Nov;5(11):181328.
    PMID: 30564418 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.181328
    Biochars have been successfully used to reduce bioavailability and leaching of heavy metals in contaminated soils. The efficiency of biochar to immobilize heavy metals can be increased by reducing the particle size, which can increase the surface area and the cation exchange capacity (CEC). In this study, the empty fruit bunch biochar (EFBB) of oil palm was separated into two particle sizes, namely, fine (F-EFBB < 50 µm) and coarse (C-EFBB > 2 mm), to treat the contaminated soil with Cd and Pb. Results revealed that the addition of C-EFBB and F-EFBB increased the pH, electrical conductivity and CEC of the contaminated soil. The amounts of synthetic rainwater extractable and leachable Cd and Pb significantly decreased with the EFBB application. The lowest extractable and leachable Cd and Pb were observed from 1% F-EFBB-treated soil. The amount of extractable and leachable Cd and Pb decreased with increasing incubation times and leaching cycles. The application of F-EFBB to Cd and Pb-contaminated soil can immobilize the heavy metals more than that of C-EFBB. Therefore, the EFBB can be recommended for the remediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils, and a finer particle size can be applied at a lower application rate than the coarser biochar to achieve these goals.
    Matched MeSH terms: Particle Size
  4. A study on the physical and hydraulic characteristics of cocopeat perlite mixture as a growing media in containerized plant production
    Wan Fazilah Fazlil Ilahi, Desa Ahmad
    Sains Malaysiana, 2016;46:975-980.
    A well-known planting medium in soilless culture is a coconut based material famously known in Malaysia as cocopeat.
    It is a viable ecologically friendly peat soil substitute for containerized crop production. The multipurpose growing media
    had received much interest particularly in commercial applications. This study focused on the physical and hydraulic
    characteristics of cocopeat perlite mixture as a growing media in containerized plant production. Perlite was added to
    cocopeat at a ratio of 3 cocopeat: 1 perlite. Bulk density, particle density, porosity, particle size distribution, water holding
    capacity, wettability and hydraulic conductivity of the media were evaluated. About 82.93% of the total particles were
    in the range between 0.425 and 4 mm in diameter at a bulk density of 0.09 g/cm3
    . Total porosity (79%) and wettability
    improved with the incorporation of perlite to cocopeat. This study showed that water holding capacity was very high at
    912.54% whereas the saturated hydraulic conductivity was low at 0.1 cm/s. The results showed that adding perlite to
    cocopeat had improved the physical and hydraulic characteristics of the media.
    Matched MeSH terms: Particle Size
  5. Fulltext Formulation, Cellular Uptake and Cytotoxicity of Thymoquinone-Loaded PLGA Nanoparticles in Malignant Melanoma Cancer Cells
    Ibrahim WN, Muizzuddin Bin Mohd Rosli L, Doolaanea AA
    Int J Nanomedicine, 2020;15:8059-8074.
    PMID: 33116518 DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S269340
    Introduction: Thymoquinone (TQ) is the main active compound extracted from Nigella sativa a traditional herb with wide therapeutic applications and recognizable anticancer properties. This study aimed to formulate and characterize TQ-nanoparticles using PLGA as a biocompatible coating material (TQ-PLGA NPs) with the evaluation of its therapeutic properties in human melanoma cancer cells.

    Methods: The TQ-PLGA NPs were prepared and characterized for size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, and release profile.

    Results: The particle size was 147.2 nm, with 22.1 positive zeta potential and 96.8% encapsulation efficiency. The NPs released 45.6% of the encapsulated TQ within 3 h followed by characteristic sustained release over 7 days with a total of 69.7% cumulative release. TQ-PLGA NPs were taken up effectively by the cells in a time-dependent manner up to 24 h. Higher cell toxicity was determined within the first 24 h in melanoma cells due to the rapid release of TQ from the NPs and its low stability in the cell culture media.

    Conclusion: TQ-PLGA NPs is a potential anticancer agent taking advantage of the sustained release and tailored size that allows accumulation in the cancer tissue by the enhanced permeability and retention effect. However, stability problems of the active ingredient were address in this study and requires further investigation.

    Matched MeSH terms: Particle Size
  6. Insights into size-segregated particulate chemistry and sources in urban environment over central Indo-Gangetic Plain
    Singh N, Banerjee T, Murari V, Deboudt K, Khan MF, Singh RS, et al.
    Chemosphere, 2021 Jan;263:128030.
    PMID: 33297051 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128030
    Size-segregated airborne fine (PM2.1) and coarse (PM>2.1) particulates were measured in an urban environment over central Indo-Gangetic plain in between 2015 and 2018 to get insights into its nature, chemistry and sources. Mean (±1σ) concentration of PM2.1 was 98 (±76) μgm-3 with a seasonal high during winter (DJF, 162 ± 71 μgm-3) compared to pre-monsoon specific high in PM>2.1 (MAMJ, 177 ± 84 μgm-3) with an annual mean of 170 (±69) μgm-3. PM2.1 was secondary in nature with abundant secondary inorganic aerosols (20% of particulate mass) and water-soluble organic carbon (19%) against metal enriched (25%) PM>2.1, having robust signature of resuspensions from Earth's crust and road dust. Ammonium-based neutralization of particulate acidity was essentially in PM2.1 with an indication of predominant H2SO4 neutralization in bisulfate form compared to Ca2+ and Mg2+-based neutralization in PM>2.1. Molecular distribution of n-alkanes homologues (C17-C35) showed Cmax at C23 (PM2.1) and C18 (PM>2.1) with weak dominance of odd-numbered n-alkanes. Carbon preference index of n-alkanes was close to unity (PM2.1: 1.4 ± 0.3; PM>2.1: 1.3 ± 0.4). Fatty acids (C12-C26) were characterized with predominance of even carbon with Cmax at n-hexadecanoic acid (C16:0). Low to high molecular weight fatty acid ratio ranged from 2.0 (PM>2.1) to 5.6 (PM2.1) with vital signature of anthropogenic emissions. Levoglucosan was abundant in PM2.1 (758 ± 481 ngm-3) with a high ratio (11.6) against galactosan, emphasizing robust contribution from burning of hardwood and agricultural residues. Receptor model resolves secondary aerosols and biomass burning emissions (45%) as the most influential sources of PM2.1 whereas, crustal (29%) and secondary aerosols (29%) were found responsible for PM>2.1; with significant variations among the seasons.
    Matched MeSH terms: Particle Size
  7. Theory and experiment of optical absorption of platinum nanoparticles synthesized by gamma radiation
    Gharibshahi E, Saion E, Johnston RL, Ashraf A
    Appl Radiat Isot, 2019 May;147:204-210.
    PMID: 30953937 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2019.02.015
    Platinum nanoparticles were synthesized using the gamma radiolytic technique in an aqueous solution containing Platinum tetraammine chloride in presence of poly vinyl pyrrolidone, isopropanol, tetrahydrofuran and deionized water. The gamma irradiation was carried out in a60Co gamma source chamber and the particle size was found to decrease from 4.88 to 3.14 nm on increasing the gamma radiation dose from 80 to 120 kGy. UV-visible absorption spectra were measured and revealed two steady absorption maxima at 216 and 264 nm in the UV region, which was blue shifted (i.e. toward lower wavelength) with decreasing particle size. By taking the conduction electrons of an isolated particle that are not entirely free, but instead bound to their respective quantum levels, the optical absorption of platinum nanoparticles can be calculated via intra-band quantum excitation for particle sizes similar to those measured experimentally. We found that the calculated absorption maxima of electronic excitations matched the measured absorption maxima well. This finding suggests that the optical absorption of metal nanoparticles commonly applied in nanoscience and nanotechnology can be described accurately by the quantum excitation of conduction electrons.
    Matched MeSH terms: Particle Size
  8. A correlation on ultrasonication with nanocrystalline cellulose characteristics
    Mohd Ishak NA, Khalil I, Abdullah FZ, Muhd Julkapli N
    Carbohydr Polym, 2020 Oct 15;246:116553.
    PMID: 32747237 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116553
    Catalytic ionic liquid hydrolysis of cellulosic material have been considered as a green and highly efficient dissolution process. However, application of a pre-treatment process, i.e; ultrasonication enhances the hydrolysis of cellulose in ionic liquid by providing mechanical force. In this paper, we describe the impact of both chemical and mechanical approaches to produce nanocrytalline cellulose (NCC) with anticipated particle size, and crystallinity with improved yields. The ultrasonication treatment was evaluated in terms of treatment time and vibration amplitude. It was found that the lowest ultrasonication time (5 min) produced the NCC of highest crystallinity (73 %), but the lowest yield (84 %). In contrary, the highest ultrasonication vibration amplitude at 90 % produced NCC with highest crystallinity value (67 %) as well as yields (90 %). It concludes that ultrasonic pre-treatment improves the hydrolysis process of cellulose in ionic liquid with increasing yield and crystallinity of NCC.
    Matched MeSH terms: Particle Size
  9. Fulltext Deposition of NiO Nanoparticles on Nanosized Zeolite NaY for Production of Biofuel via Hydrogen-Free Deoxygenation
    Choo MY, Oi LE, Daou TJ, Ling TC, Lin YC, Centi G, et al.
    Materials (Basel), 2020 Jul 11;13(14).
    PMID: 32664579 DOI: 10.3390/ma13143104
    Nickel-based catalysts play an important role in the hydrogen-free deoxygenation for the production of biofuel. The yield and quality of the biofuel are critically affected by the physicochemical properties of NiO supported on nanosized zeolite Y (Y65, crystal size of 65 nm). Therefore, 10 wt% NiO supported on Y65 synthesized by using impregnation (IM) and deposition-precipitation (DP) methods were investigated. It was found that preparation methods have a significant effect on the deoxygenation of triolein. The initial rate of the DP method (14.8 goil·h-1) was 1.5 times higher than that of the IM method (9.6 goil·h-1). The DP-Y65 showed the best deoxygenation performance with a 80.0% conversion and a diesel selectivity of 93.7% at 380 °C within 1 h. The outstanding performance from the DP method was due to the smaller NiO particle size (3.57 ± 0.40 nm), high accessibility (H.F value of 0.084), and a higher Brönsted to Lewis acidity (B/L) ratio (0.29), which has improved the accessibility and deoxygenation ability of the catalyst. The NH4+ released from the decomposition of the urea during the DP process increased the B/L ratio of zeolite NaY. As a result, the pretreatment to convert Na-zeolite to H-zeolite in a conventional zeolite synthesis can be avoided. In this regard, the DP method offers a one-pot synthesis to produce smaller NiO-supported nanosized zeolite NaY with a high B/L ratio, and it managed to produce a higher yield with selectivity towards green diesel via deoxygenation under a hydrogen-free condition.
    Matched MeSH terms: Particle Size
  10. Fulltext A Study on the Utilization of Coal Fly Ash Derived Grog in Clay Ceramics
    Choo TF, Mohd Salleh MA, Kok KY, Matori KA, Abdul Rashid S
    Materials (Basel), 2020 Nov 18;13(22).
    PMID: 33218206 DOI: 10.3390/ma13225218
    Grog is an additive material that plays important roles in ceramic making. It improves the fabrication process of green bodies as well as the physical properties of fired bodies. Few low-cost materials and wastes have found their application as grog in recent years, thus encouraging the replacement of commercial grogs with cost-saving materials. Coal fly ash, a combustion waste produced by coal-fired power plant, has the potential to be converted into grog owing to its small particle sizes and high content of silica and alumina. In this study, grog was derived from coal fly ash and mixed with kaolin clay to produce ceramics. Effects of the grog addition on the resultant ceramics were investigated. It was found that, to a certain extent, the grog addition reduced the firing shrinkage and increased the total porosity of the ceramics. The dimensional stability of the ceramics at a firing temperature of 1200 °C was also not noticeably affected by the grog. However, the grog addition in general had negative effects on the biaxial flexural strength and refractoriness of the ceramics.
    Matched MeSH terms: Particle Size
  11. Fulltext Optimization of spray drying parameters for pink guava powder using RSM
    Islam Shishir MR, Taip FS, Aziz NA, Talib RA, Hossain Sarker MS
    Food Sci Biotechnol, 2016;25(2):461-468.
    PMID: 30263292 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-016-0064-0
    The optimization of pink guava was executed using central composite face-centred design to optimize the spray drying parameters of inlet temperature, maltodextrin concentration (MDC) and feed flow (FF). The experimental results were significantly (p<0.01) fitted into second-order polynomial models to describe and predict the response quality in terms of the final moisture, particle size and lycopene with R2 of 0.9749, 0.9616, and 0.9505, respectively. The final moisture content significantly (p<0.01) decreased with increasing inlet temperature and MDC, whereas the particle size increased. In contrast, the lycopene content significantly (p<0.01) decreased with the higher temperature and increased with increasing MDC. However, according to multiple response optimization, the optimum conditions of 150°C inlet temperature, 17.12% (w/v) MDC and 350 mL/h FF-predicted 3.10% moisture content, 11.23 μm particle size and 58.71 mg/100 g lycopene content. The experimental observation satisfied the predicted model within the acceptable range of the responses.
    Matched MeSH terms: Particle Size
  12. Fulltext Development of Porous Epoxy Micro-Beads Using Ammonium Bicarbonate through a Single Epoxy Droplet in Corn Oil
    Leemsuthep A, Zakaria Z, Tanrattanakul V, Ramarad S, Muniyadi M, Jaruga T, et al.
    Materials (Basel), 2021 Apr 28;14(9).
    PMID: 33924997 DOI: 10.3390/ma14092282
    This paper explored the effects of ammonium bicarbonate and different ratios of epoxy to polyamide on the formation of porous epoxy micro-beads through a single epoxy droplet. A single drop of a mixture, consisting of epoxy, polyamide, and ammonium bicarbonate, was dropped into heated corn oil at a temperature of 100 °C. An epoxy droplet was formed due to the immiscibility of the epoxy mixture and corn oil. The ammonium bicarbonate within this droplet underwent a decomposition reaction, while the epoxy and polyamide underwent a curing reaction, to form porous epoxy micro-beads. The result showed that the higher ammonium bicarbonate content in the porous, epoxy micro-beads increased the decomposition rate up to 11.52 × 10-3 cm3/s. In addition, a higher total volume of gas was generated when a higher ammonium bicarbonate content was decomposed. This led to the formation of porous epoxy micro-beads with a smaller particle size, lower specific gravity, and better thermal stability. At an epoxy to polyamide ratio of 10:6, many smaller micro-beads, with particle sizes ranging from 201 to 400 μm, were obtained at an ammonium bicarbonate content of 10 phr. Moreover, the porous epoxy micro-beads with open pores were shown to have a low specific gravity of about 0.93 and high thermal stability at a high ammonium bicarbonate content. Based on the findings, it was concluded that porous epoxy micro-beads were successfully produced using a single epoxy droplet in heated corn oil, where their shape and particle size depended on the content of ammonium bicarbonate and the ratio of epoxy to polyamide used.
    Matched MeSH terms: Particle Size
  13. ASSESSMENT OF HEAVY METAL CONCENTRATION IN MARINE SEDIMENTS IN TERENGGANU WATERS
    YIP TAIM HING, TAN EVONNE, POONG JUN HAN, TEE LIAN SHENG, MUHAMMAD HASBI RAMLI, ONG MENG CHUAN, et al.
    UMT Journal of Undergraduate Research, 2020;3(2):1-12.
    MyJurnal
    The distribution of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb) in surface sediments was examined in waters off the coast of Marang, Terengganu. A total of 20 samples were collected using Ponar grab and analysed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometer after closed digestion with acid. The sediments were filtered using a dry sieving method to determine their particle size. The spatial distribution maps on the concentration of selected metals were drawn using the ArcGIS software. Results showed that the average concentration of Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb were 2.33±0.38 µg/g dry weight, 28.4±3.78 µg/g dry weight, 0.09±0.01 µg/g dry weight and 8.35±1.48 µg/g dry weight, respectively. The level of pollution was also evaluated using the Index of Geoaccumulation (Igeo) and Pollution Load Index (PLI). All Igeo and PLI values obtained were low, which indicated low or no pollution. Meanwhile, the sediment mean size ranged between -0.77Ø and 3.18Ø, which characterised a sandy type of sediment. Correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between the heavy metals and sediment size. The results indicated that there was a common source of heavy metal pollution in the study area, possibly from shipping activities. Overall, there was no significant heavy metal pollution in the waters off Marang. This finding is important as the data could be used to evaluate the risk of metal contamination and the impact of anthropogenic activities on the marine environment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Particle Size
  14. Fulltext Chemical, Biological and Morphological Properties of Fine Particles during Local Rice Straw Burning Activities
    Ramli NA, Md Yusof NFF, Zarkasi KZ, Suroto A
    Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2021 08 02;18(15).
    PMID: 34360485 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18158192
    Rice straw is commonly burned openly after harvesting in Malaysia and many other Asian countries where rice is the main crop. This operation emits a significant amount of air pollution, which can have severe consequences for indoor air quality, public health, and climate change. Therefore, this study focuses on determining the compositions of trace elements and the morphological properties of fine particles. Furthermore, the species of bacteria found in bioaerosol from rice burning activities were discovered in this study. For morphological observation of fine particles, FESEM-EDX was used in this study. Two main categories of particles were found, which were natural particles and anthropogenic particles. The zinc element was found during the morphological observation and was assumed to come from the fertilizer used by the farmers. ICP-OES identifies the concentration of trace elements in the fine particle samples. A cultured method was used in this study by using nutrient agar. From this study, several bacteria were identified: Exiguobavterium indicum, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Desulfonema limicola str. Jadabusan, Exiguobacterium acetylicum, Lysinibacillus macrolides, and Bacillus proteolyticus. This study is important, especially for human health, and further research on the biological composition of aerosols should be conducted to understand the effect of microorganisms on human health.
    Matched MeSH terms: Particle Size
  15. Electrical and optical properties of nanostructured zinc oxide thin films influenced by annealing temperature
    Shariffudin SS, Mamat MH, Rusop M
    J Nanosci Nanotechnol, 2012 Oct;12(10):8165-8.
    PMID: 23421195
    Transparent nanostructured ZnO thin films were successfully deposited using sol-gel spin coating method on a quartz substrate. The 0.4 M ZnO solution gel was prepared using zinc acetate dihydrate (Zn(CH3COO)22H2O) as the precursor, 2-methoxyethanol as the solvent and monoethanolamine (MEA) as the stabilizer. The electrical and optical properties dependencies on the annealing temperature of the nanostructured ZnO thin films were investigated. It was found that as the annealing temperature increased, the particle size, conductivity and the peak of the UV emission also increased.
    Matched MeSH terms: Particle Size
  16. Nanostructured lipid carrier to overcome stratum corneum barrier for the delivery of agomelatine in rat brain; formula optimization, characterization and brain distribution study
    Ahmed S, Mahmood S, Danish Ansari M, Gull A, Sharma N, Sultana Y
    Int J Pharm, 2021 Sep 25;607:121006.
    PMID: 34391848 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.121006
    The current work attempted to achieve bypassed hepatic metabolism, controlled release, and boosted brain distribution of agomelatine by loading in NLC and administering via transdermal route. Agomelatine-loaded NLC (AG-NLC) was fabricated employing melt-emulsification technique and optimized using central composite design. The optimized AG-NLC had 183.16 ± 6.82 nm particle size, 0.241 ± 0.0236 polydispersity index, and 83.29 ± 2.76% entrapment efficiency. TEM and FESEM visually confirmed the size and surface morphology of AG-NLC, respectively. DSC thermogram confirmed the conversion of AG from crystalline to amorphous form, which indicates improved solubility of AG when loaded in NLC. For further stability and improved applicability, AG-NLC was converted into a hydrogel. The texture analysis of AG-NLC-Gel showed appropriate gelling property in terms of hardness (142.292 g), cohesiveness (0.955), and adhesiveness (216.55 g.sec). In comparison to AG-suspension-Gel (38.036 ± 6.058%), AG-NLC-Gel (89.440 ± 2.586%) exhibited significantly higher (P 
    Matched MeSH terms: Particle Size
  17. Effects of dairy processing on phospholipidome, in-vitro digestion and Caco-2 cellular uptake of bovine milk
    Mou B, Liu Y, Yang W, Song S, Shen C, Lai OM, et al.
    Food Chem, 2021 Dec 01;364:130426.
    PMID: 34175616 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130426
    Present work investigated the effects of processing (homogenization, sterilization) and cold storage on physicochemical properties, in vitro digestion and Caco-2 cellular uptake of bovine milk. Extreme heat sterilization and low temperature storage have significant impact on particle size and phospholipidome of bovine milk. In addition, cold storage of bovine milks led to formation of β' polymorphs crystals and endothermic peak with Toffset higher than body temperature. Processing and cold storage also increased the initial digestibility but reduced the overall digestibility of bovine milk. This might be related to the decreased particle size of the milk fat globules, changed in the phospholipidome of the MFGM and formation of β' polymorphs crystals in frozen milk. It is interesting to note that PE has relatively faster digestion meanwhile SM has relatively slower digestion. HTST milk which demonstrated lesser changed in terms of phospholipidome demonstrated highest cellular uptakes of most fatty acids.
    Matched MeSH terms: Particle Size
  18. Selective antibacterial activities and storage stability of curcumin-loaded nanoliposomes prepared from bovine milk phospholipid and cholesterol
    Wu Y, Wang K, Liu Q, Liu X, Mou B, Lai OM, et al.
    Food Chem, 2022 Jan 15;367:130700.
    PMID: 34352694 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130700
    Present study prepared curcumin-loaded nanoliposomes using bovine milk, krill phospholipids and cholesterol; and investigated the effects of cholesterol on membrane characteristics, storage stability and antibacterial properties of the curcumin nanoliposomes. Bovine milk phospholipids which have higher saturation than krill phospholipids resulted in formation of curcumin-loaded nanoliposomes with higher encapsulation efficiency (84.78%), larger absolute value of zeta potential and vesicle size (size: 159.15 ± 5.27 nm, zeta potential: -28.3 ± 0.62 mV). Cholesterol helps to formation of a more hydrophobic, compact and tighter bilayer membrane structure which improved the storage stability of nanoliposomes under alkaline (66.25 ± 0.46%), heat (43.25 ± 0.69%) and sunlight (49.44 ± 1.78%) conditions. In addition, curcumin-loaded nanoliposomes can effectively target infectious bacteria which secrete pore-forming toxins such as Staphylococcus aureus by causing the bacterial cell wall to lysis. Findings from present work can guide future development of novel antibacterial agents for use in food preservation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Particle Size
  19. Fulltext Fabrication of size-tunable nanocrystalline cobalt particles in propylene glycol
    Balela, M.D.L., Lockman, Z., Azizan, A., Matsubara, E., Amorsolo , A.V. Jr.
    Journal of Nuclear and Related Technologies, 2009;2009(1):190-198.
    MyJurnal
    Monodispersed and size-tunable nanocrystalline cobalt (Co) particles in the range of 100 to 400 nm are prepared by the reduction of Co(II) species in propylene glycol. Control of the particle size is achieved by varying the initial Co(II) species concentration and by the addition of nucleating agents. Smaller Co particles are produced with increasing amounts of Co(II) species and in the presence of nucleating agents. X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) shows that the Co particles are predominantly face-centered cubic crystals of about 8-14 nm. The Co particles are also ferromagnetic at room temperature.
    Matched MeSH terms: Particle Size
  20. Fulltext Influence of milling on the stability of hydroxyapatite
    Sofia Beagem Mohd Noal, Roslinda Shamsudin, Tan, Lee Phin, Wan Khartini Wan Abdul Khodir
    Journal of Nuclear and Related Technologies, 2007;2005(1):13-18.
    MyJurnal
    Hydroxyapatite (HA) powder was synthesized via wet method using calcium nitrate hydrate (Ca(NO3)2.H2O) and diammonium hydrogen phosphate ((NH4)2HPO4) as raw materials. Powder obtained was milled using various milling speed ranging from 250 to 400 r.p.m. and sintered at 1300°C for 2hrs. Due to the nature of HA powder that decomposed at high temperature, XRD technique have been used in this work to determine the phase composition of the HA powder and also the crystallite size. The unmilled sample was used as the control group. Results show that sufficient heat supply generated from the milling process, initiates the decomposition of HA phase into ȕ-tricalcium phosphate (ȕ-TCP). Decomposition of HA starts to occur at the milling speed of 300 rpm, i.e the formation of ȕ-TCP was occurred at lower sintering temperature. It was believed that the decomposition of HA was associated with the formation of an intermediate phase, oxyapatite. Moreover, the crystallinity and particle size of the produced powder is very much affected by the milling speed and the stability of the HA. All milled powders possess spherical shape particle.
    Matched MeSH terms: Particle Size
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