Displaying publications 81 - 100 of 8091 in total

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  1. Rapid detection of Salmonella Typhi by loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) method
    Abdullah J, Saffie N, Sjasri FA, Husin A, Abdul-Rahman Z, Ismail A, et al.
    Braz J Microbiol, 2014;45(4):1385-91.
    PMID: 25763045
    An in-house loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) reaction was established and evaluated for sensitivity and specificity in detecting the presence of Salmonella Typhi (S. Typhi) isolates from Kelantan, Malaysia. Three sets of primers consisting of two outer and 4 inner were designed based on locus STBHUCCB_38510 of chaperone PapD of S. Typhi genes. The reaction was optimised using genomic DNA of S. Typhi ATCC7251 as the template. The products were visualised directly by colour changes of the reaction. Positive results were indicated by green fluorescence and negative by orange colour. The test was further evaluated for specificity, sensitivity and application on field samples. The results were compared with those obtained by gold standard culture method and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). This method was highly specific and -10 times more sensitive in detecting S. Typhi compared to the optimised conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method.
    Matched MeSH terms: Salmonella typhi/genetics; DNA Primers/genetics
  2. Fulltext Newcastle disease virus interaction in targeted therapy against proliferation and invasion pathways of glioblastoma multiforme
    Abdullah JM, Mustafa Z, Ideris A
    Biomed Res Int, 2014;2014:386470.
    PMID: 25243137 DOI: 10.1155/2014/386470
    Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), or grade IV glioma, is one of the most lethal forms of human brain cancer. Current bioscience has begun to depict more clearly the signalling pathways that are responsible for high-grade glioma initiation, migration, and invasion, opening the door for molecular-based targeted therapy. As such, the application of viruses such as Newcastle disease virus (NDV) as a novel biological bullet to specifically target aberrant signalling in GBM has brought new hope. The abnormal proliferation and aggressive invasion behaviour of GBM is reported to be associated with aberrant Rac1 protein signalling. NDV interacts with Rac1 upon viral entry, syncytium induction, and actin reorganization of the infected cell as part of the replication process. Ultimately, intracellular stress leads the infected glioma cell to undergo cell death. In this review, we describe the characteristics of malignant glioma and the aberrant genetics that drive its aggressive phenotype, and we focus on the use of oncolytic NDV in GBM-targeted therapy and the interaction of NDV in GBM signalling that leads to inhibition of GBM proliferation and invasion, and subsequently, cell death.
    Matched MeSH terms: Brain Neoplasms/genetics; Glioblastoma/genetics
  3. Molecular genetic analysis of BAX and cyclin D1 genes in patients with malignant glioma
    Abdullah JM, Ahmad F, Ahmad KA, Ghazali MM, Jaafar H, Ideris A, et al.
    Neurol Res, 2007 Apr;29(3):239-42.
    PMID: 17509221
    Brain tumorigenesis is a complex process involving multiple genetic alterations. Cyclin D1 and BAX genes are two of the most important regulators in controlling the normal proliferation and apoptosis of cells, respectively. In this study, we analysed the possibilities of involvement of cyclin D1 and BAX genes in the gliomagenesis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Glioma/genetics*; Central Nervous System Neoplasms/genetics*; Cyclin D1/genetics*; bcl-2-Associated X Protein/genetics*
  4. Association of loss of heterozygosity and PTEN gene abnormalities with paraclinical, clinical modalities and survival time of glioma patients in Malaysia
    Abdullah JM, Farizan A, Asmarina K, Zainuddin N, Ghazali MM, Jaafar H, et al.
    Asian J Surg, 2006 Oct;29(4):274-82.
    PMID: 17098662
    The pattern of allelic loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and PTEN mutations appear to be associated with the progression of gliomas leading to a decrement in the survival rate of patients. This present study was carried out to determine the LOH and PTEN mutational status in glioma patients and its association with patients' survival.
    Matched MeSH terms: Brain Neoplasms/genetics*; Glioma/genetics*
  5. Molecular genetic analysis of phosphatase and tensin homolog and p16 tumor suppressor genes in patients with malignant glioma
    Abdullah JM, Zainuddin N, Sulong S, Jaafar H, Isa MN
    Neurosurg Focus, 2003 Apr 15;14(4):e6.
    PMID: 15679305
    Several genes have been shown to carry mutations in human malignant gliomas, including the phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) deleted on chromosome 10 and p16 tumor suppressor genes. Alterations of this gene located on chromosome 10 q23 and 9p21, respectively, may contribute to gliomagenesis. In this study, the authors analyzed 20 cases of malignant gliomas obtained in patients living on the east coast of Malaysia to investigate the possibilities of involvement of the PTEN and p16 genes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Brain Neoplasms/genetics*; Glioma/genetics*; PTEN Phosphohydrolase/genetics*
  6. The GABA A receptor subunits heterologously expressed in Xenopus oocytes
    Abdullah JM, Zhang J
    Mini Rev Med Chem, 2013 Apr 01;13(5):744-8.
    PMID: 23373649
    The γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) A receptor is composed of a variety of subunits and combinations and shows a characteristic distribution in the CNS. To date, 20 subunits of the GABA A receptor have been cloned: α1-6, β1-4, γ1-3, δ, π, ε , Θ, and ρ1-3. Oocyte of Xenopus laevis is one of the most frequently used heterologous expression systems, which are used to design and analyze specific combinations of GABA A receptor subunits. In oocytes, a certain GABA A receptor function is studied only by comparing the amplitude of the response to GABA and other drugs by physiological and pharmacological methods. According to the studies on Xenopus laevis oocytes, the α1β2γ2S receptor combination is mostly used. The α1-containing receptors mediate sedative and anticonvulsant acts. The results of studies on oocytes show that PKA, NKCC1, P2X3 receptors, and GABA A receptor-associated protein, etc., are existing systems that show different reactivity to the GABA A receptors. The GABA A receptor subunits contain distinct binding sites for BZDs, neurosteroids, general anesthetics, etc., which are responsible for the numerous functions of the GABA A receptor. A variety of other drugs, such as topiramate, TG41, (+)- and (-)-borneol, apigenin, and 6-methylflavone could also have modulatory effects on the GABA A receptors. Some of the different models and hypotheses on GABA A receptor structure and function have been achieved by using the two-electrode voltage clamp method in oocytes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Receptors, GABA-A/genetics; Protein Subunits/genetics
  7. NOVEL RETINAL FINDINGS IN A PATIENT WITH AUTOSOMAL RECESSIVE CUTIS LAXA TYPE 2A
    Abdullah M, Alabduljalil T
    Retin Cases Brief Rep, 2024 May 01;18(3):400-403.
    PMID: 36728588 DOI: 10.1097/ICB.0000000000001399
    PURPOSE: To report a case of autosomal recessive cutis laxa type 2A with novel retinal findings.

    METHODS: Case report.

    RESULTS: A 22-year-old female patient presented with a long-standing history of reduced visual acuity in her right eye. She has generalized redundant skin, downslanting of palpebral fissures, and long philtrum. Ophthalmic examination showed ptosis in her right eye and visual acuity of 20/2000 in the right eye and 20/30p in the left eye. Funduscopic examination showed a round macular scar lesion in the right eye macula and a chorioretinal scar superonasally in the left eye. Multimodal imaging showed macular atrophy in the right eye with speckled hypoautofluorescence of the described lesions. Genetic testing showed a homozygous splice acceptor variant of the ATP6V0A2 gene.

    CONCLUSION: The natural history of the presented pigmentary lesions is not known, and further follow-up is needed to assess any progressive nature. Our case adds to the variability of ophthalmic manifestations reported in autosomal recessive cutis laxa type 2A and, therefore, to the importance of regular ophthalmic surveillance in patients with cutis laxa.

    Matched MeSH terms: Proton-Translocating ATPases/genetics; Retinal Diseases/genetics
  8. Fulltext Peripheral blood gene expression profile of atherosclerotic coronary artery disease in patients of different ethnicity in Malaysia
    Abdullah MH, Othman Z, Noor HM, Arshad SS, Yusof AK, Jamal R, et al.
    J Cardiol, 2012 Sep;60(3):192-203.
    PMID: 22738689 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2012.05.009
    The molecular basis of coronary artery disease (CAD) has been widely studied in the western world but there is no published work on the Malaysian population. This study looked at the global gene expression profiling of the peripheral blood of patients with CAD from the 3 main ethnic groups in Malaysia. Male subjects selected were based on angiographically confirmed CAD (≥50% stenosis) and normal control subjects (0% stenosis) with age range of 55.6±5.3 and 51.0±5.5 years, respectively. The global gene expression of 12 angiographically documented CAD patients and 11 matched control subjects were performed. The combined group samples identified 6 up regulated differential expression (DE) genes (GHRL, LTA, CBS, HP, ITGA2B, and OLR1) and 12 down regulated DE genes (IL18R1, ITGA2B, IL18RAP, HP, OLR1, SOD2 ITGB3, IL1B, MMP9, PLA2G7, UTS2, and CBS) to be involved in CAD at the fold change of 1.3 with fault discovery rate (FDR) of 1%. Three genes, MMP9, IL1B, and SOD2 were down regulated in all the 3 ethnic groups making them potential biomarker candidates for CAD across all three ethnicities. Further verification in a cohort study is needed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Coronary Artery Disease/genetics*
  9. Fulltext Papillary Thyroid Cancer: Genetic Alterations and Molecular Biomarker Investigations
    Abdullah MI, Junit SM, Ng KL, Jayapalan JJ, Karikalan B, Hashim OH
    Int J Med Sci, 2019;16(3):450-460.
    PMID: 30911279 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.29935
    Papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) is the most prevalent form of malignancy among all cancers of the thyroid. It is also one of the few cancers with a rapidly increasing incidence. PTC is usually contained within the thyroid gland and generally biologically indolent. Prognosis of the cancer is excellent, with less than 2% mortality at 5 years. However, more than 25% of patients with PTC developed a recurrence during a long term follow-up. The present article provides an updated condensed overview of PTC, which focuses mainly on the molecular alterations involved and recent biomarker investigations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/genetics; Thyroid Neoplasms/genetics*; Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics*; ras Proteins/genetics; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf/genetics; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret/genetics
  10. Transfusion practice blind spot in para-Bombay: A case report
    Abdullah MR, Faizli AA, Noordin SS, Lee CJ, Ahmad NH
    Transfus Apher Sci, 2021 Jun;60(3):103076.
    PMID: 33574008 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2021.103076
    H-deficient phenotype individuals with absent or weak anti-H activity may remain undetected on standard routine blood grouping. We report a case of a 59-year-old-man presented with symptomatic anaemia secondary to upper gastrointestinal bleed with haemoglobin level of 68 g/L who required two units of packed red blood cells. He was previously grouped as O Rh D positive and had a history of uneventful multiple blood transfusions. His latest pre-transfusion investigations showed ABO discrepancy between forward and reverse blood grouping, pan-agglutination in both antibody screening and identification with negative direct Coombs test and autocontrol. Further testing including anti-H lectin test and saliva secretor study confirmed that the patient blood group was para-Bombay B RhD positive. This case highlights that the para-Bombay phenotype can be mistakenly labelled as "O" if further investigations are not performed.
    Matched MeSH terms: ABO Blood-Group System/genetics*
  11. Characterization of aerobic granular sludge treating high strength agro-based wastewater at different volumetric loadings
    Abdullah N, Yuzir A, Curtis TP, Yahya A, Ujang Z
    Bioresour Technol, 2013 Jan;127:181-7.
    PMID: 23131639 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.09.047
    Understanding the relationship between microbial community and mechanism of aerobic granulation could enable wider applications of granules for high-strength wastewater treatment. The majority of granulation studies principally determine the engineering aspects of granules formation with little emphasis on the microbial diversity. In this study, three identical reactors namely R1, R2 and R3 were operated using POME at volumetric loadings of 1.5, 2.5 and 3.5 kg COD m(-3) d(-1), respectively. Aeration was provided at a volumetric flow rate of 2.5 cms(-1). Aerobic granules were successfully developed in R2 and R3 while bioflocs dominated R1 until the end of experiments. Fractal dimension (D(f)) averaged at 1.90 suggesting good compactness of granules. The PCR-DGGE results indicated microbial evolutionary shift throughout granulation despite different operating OLRs based on decreased Raup and Crick similarity indices upon mature granule formation. The characteristics of aerobic granules treating high strength agro-based wastewater are determined at different volumetric loadings.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bacteria/genetics; DNA Primers/genetics
  12. Genetic variability of oil palm parental genotypes and performance of its' progenies as revealed by molecular markers and quantitative traits
    Abdullah N, Rafii Yusop M, Ithnin M, Saleh G, Latif MA
    C. R. Biol., 2011 Apr;334(4):290-9.
    PMID: 21513898 DOI: 10.1016/j.crvi.2011.01.004
    Studies were conducted to assess the genetic relationships between the parental palms (dura and pisifera) and performance of their progenies based on nine microsatellite markers and 29 quantitative traits. Correlation analyses between genetic distances and hybrids performance were estimated. The coefficients of correlation values of genetic distances with hybrid performance were non-significant, except for mean nut weight and leaf number. However, the correlation coefficient of genetic distances with these characters was low to be used as predicted value. These results indicated that genetic distances based on the microsatellite markers may not be useful for predicting hybrid performance. The genetic distance analysis using UPGMA clustering system generated 5 genetic clusters with coefficient of 1.26 based on quantitative traits of progenies. The genotypes, DP16, DP14, DP4, DP13, DP12, DP15, DP8, DP1 and DP2 belonging to distant clusters and greater genetic distances could be selected for further breeding programs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chimera/genetics; Genetic Markers/genetics; DNA, Plant/genetics; Microsatellite Repeats/genetics; Arecaceae/genetics*
  13. Removal of poly-histidine fusion tags from recombinant proteins purified by expanded bed adsorption
    Abdullah N, Chase HA
    Biotechnol Bioeng, 2005 Nov 20;92(4):501-13.
    PMID: 16080185
    Enzymatic methods have been used to cleave the C- or N-terminus polyhistidine tags from histidine tagged proteins following expanded bed purification using immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC). This study assesses the use of Factor Xa and a genetically engineered exopeptidase dipeptidyl aminopeptidase-1 (DAPase-1) for the removal of C-terminus and N-terminus polyhistidine tags, respectively. Model proteins consisting of maltose binding protein (MBP) having a C- or N-terminal polyhistidine tag were used. Digestion of the hexahistidine tag of MBP-His(6) by Factor Xa and HT15-MBP by DAPase-1 was successful. The time taken to complete the conversion of MBP-His(6) to MBP was 16 h, as judged by SDS-PAGE and Western blots against anti-His antibody. When the detagged protein was purified using subtractive IMAC, the yield was moderate at 71% although the overall recovery was high at 95%. Likewise, a yield of 79% and a recovery of 97% was obtained when digestion was performed with using "on-column" tag digestion. On-column tag digestion involves cleavage of histidine tag from polyhistidine tagged proteins that are still bound to the IMAC column. Digestion of an N-terminal polyhistidine tag from HT15-MBP (1 mg/mL) by the DAPase-I system was superior to the results obtained with Factor Xa with a higher yield and recovery of 99% and 95%, respectively. The digestion by DAPase-I system was faster and was complete at 5 h as opposed to 16 h for Factor Xa. The detagged MBP proteins were isolated from the digestion mixtures using a simple subtractive IMAC column procedure with the detagged protein appearing in the flowthrough and washing fractions while residual dipeptides and DAPase-I (which was engineered to exhibit a poly-His tail) were adsorbed to the column. FPLC analysis using a MonoS cation exchanger was performed to understand and monitor the progress and time course of DAPase-I digestion of HT15-MBP to MBP. Optimization of process variables such as temperature, protein concentration, and enzyme activity was developed for the DAPase-I digesting system on HT15-MBP to MBP. In short, this study proved that the use of either Factor Xa or DAPase-I for the digestion of polyhistidine tags is simple and efficient and can be carried out under mild reaction conditions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carrier Proteins/genetics; Histidine/genetics; Oligopeptides/genetics; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/genetics
  14. Fulltext Plasmodium vivax population structure and transmission dynamics in Sabah Malaysia
    Abdullah NR, Barber BE, William T, Norahmad NA, Satsu UR, Muniandy PK, et al.
    PLoS One, 2013;8(12):e82553.
    PMID: 24358203 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0082553
    Despite significant progress in the control of malaria in Malaysia, the complex transmission dynamics of P. vivax continue to challenge national efforts to achieve elimination. To assess the impact of ongoing interventions on P. vivax transmission dynamics in Sabah, we genotyped 9 short tandem repeat markers in a total of 97 isolates (8 recurrences) from across Sabah, with a focus on two districts, Kota Marudu (KM, n = 24) and Kota Kinabalu (KK, n = 21), over a 2 year period. STRUCTURE analysis on the Sabah-wide dataset demonstrated multiple sub-populations. Significant differentiation (F ST  = 0.243) was observed between KM and KK, located just 130 Km apart. Consistent with low endemic transmission, infection complexity was modest in both KM (mean MOI  = 1.38) and KK (mean MOI  = 1.19). However, population diversity remained moderate (H E  = 0.583 in KM and H E  = 0.667 in KK). Temporal trends revealed clonal expansions reflecting epidemic transmission dynamics. The haplotypes of these isolates declined in frequency over time, but persisted at low frequency throughout the study duration. A diverse array of low frequency isolates were detected in both KM and KK, some likely reflecting remnants of previous expansions. In accordance with clonal expansions, high levels of Linkage Disequilibrium (I A (S) >0.5 [P<0.0001] in KK and KM) declined sharply when identical haplotypes were represented once (I A (S)  = 0.07 [P = 0.0076] in KM, and I A (S) = -0.003 [P = 0.606] in KK). All 8 recurrences, likely to be relapses, were homologous to the prior infection. These recurrences may promote the persistence of parasite lineages, sustaining local diversity. In summary, Sabah's shrinking P. vivax population appears to have rendered this low endemic setting vulnerable to epidemic expansions. Migration may play an important role in the introduction of new parasite strains leading to epidemic expansions, with important implications for malaria elimination.
    Matched MeSH terms: Plasmodium vivax/genetics*; DNA, Protozoan/genetics; Malaria, Vivax/genetics
  15. Fulltext High prevalence of mutation in the Plasmodium falciparum dhfr and dhps genes in field isolates from Sabah, Northern Borneo
    Abdullah NR, Norahmad NA, Jelip J, Sulaiman LH, Mohd Sidek H, Ismail Z, et al.
    Malar J, 2013;12:198.
    PMID: 23758930 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2875-12-198
    Sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) has been in use for the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in Malaysia since the 1970s and is still widely employed in spite of widespread clinical resistance. Resistance to SP is known to be mediated by mutations in the pfdhfr and pfdhps genes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the distribution of pfdhfr and pfdhps gene polymorphism in Plasmodium falciparum field isolates from Kalabakan, Sabah, in northern Borneo.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dihydropteroate Synthase/genetics*; Drug Resistance/genetics; Plasmodium falciparum/genetics*; Tetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase/genetics*; Protozoan Proteins/genetics*
  16. The diversity of rhizospheric bacterial communities associated with Trichoderma-treated rice fields
    Abdullah NS, Doni F, Chua KO, Mispan MS, Saiman MZ, Mohd Yusuf Y, et al.
    Lett Appl Microbiol, 2022 Dec;75(6):1645-1650.
    PMID: 36073093 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13832
    Microbial-based fertilizer has been widely used as a healthier and better alternative to agrochemical products. However, the effects of biofertilizers on the rhizospheric microbiota has rarely been investigated. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of symbiotic fungus Trichoderma asperellum SL2-based inoculant on the soil bacterial population through next generation sequencing using a metabarcoding approach. The treatment plots were treated with T. asperellum SL2 spore suspension, while the control plots were treated with sterilized distilled water. The results showed similar bacterial microbiome profiles in the soil of control and T. asperellum SL2-treated plots. In conclusion, the application of the T. asperellum SL2 inoculant had not exerted a negative impact towards the bacterial population as similar observation was reflected in control plots. Nonetheless, future research should be conducted to investigate the effects of repeated application of T. asperellum SL2 over a longer period on the rice microbiota communities.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bacteria/genetics
  17. Fulltext Gene transfer into the lung by nanoparticle dextran-spermine/plasmid DNA complexes
    Abdullah S, Wendy-Yeo WY, Hosseinkhani H, Hosseinkhani M, Masrawa E, Ramasamy R, et al.
    J Biomed Biotechnol, 2010;2010:284840.
    PMID: 20617146 DOI: 10.1155/2010/284840
    A novel cationic polymer, dextran-spermine (D-SPM), has been found to mediate gene expression in a wide variety of cell lines and in vivo through systemic delivery. Here, we extended the observations by determining the optimal conditions for gene expression of D-SPM/plasmid DNA (D-SPM/pDNA) in cell lines and in the lungs of BALB/c mice via instillation delivery. In vitro studies showed that D-SPM could partially protect pDNA from degradation by nuclease and exhibited optimal gene transfer efficiency at D-SPM to pDNA weight-mixing ratio of 12. In the lungs of mice, the levels of gene expression generated by D-SPM/pDNA are highly dependent on the weight-mixing ratio of D-SPM to pDNA, amount of pDNA in the complex, and the assay time postdelivery. Readministration of the complex at day 1 following the first dosing showed no significant effect on the retention and duration of gene expression. The study also showed that there was a clear trend of increasing size of the complexes as the amount of pDNA was increased, where the sizes of the D-SPM/pDNA complexes were within the nanometer range.
    Matched MeSH terms: Plasmids/genetics*
  18. Genotype-Phenotype Correlation of β-Thalassemia in Malaysian Population: Toward Effective Genetic Counseling
    Abdullah UYH, Ibrahim HM, Mahmud NB, Salleh MZ, Teh LK, Noorizhab MNFB, et al.
    Hemoglobin, 2020 May;44(3):184-189.
    PMID: 32586164 DOI: 10.1080/03630269.2020.1781652
    Effective prevention of β-thalassemia (β-thal) requires strategies to detect at-risk couples. This is the first study attempting to assess the prevalence of silent β-thal carriers in the Malaysian population. Hematological and clinical parameters were evaluated in healthy blood donors and patients with β-thal trait, Hb E (HBB: c.79G>A)/β-thal and β-thal major (β-TM). β-Globin gene sequencing was carried out for 52 healthy blood donors, 48 patients with Hb E/β-thal, 34 patients with β-TM and 38 patients with β-thal trait. The prevalence of silent β-thal carrier phenotypes found in 25.0% of healthy Malaysian blood donors indicates the need for clinician's awareness of this type in evaluating β-thal in Malaysia. Patients with β-TM present at a significantly younger age at initial diagnosis and require more blood transfusions compared to those with Hb E/β-thal. The time at which genomic DNA was extracted after blood collection, particularly from patients with β-TM and Hb E/β-thal, was found to be an important determinant of the quality of the results of the β-globin sequencing. Public education and communication campaigns are recommended as apparently healthy individuals have few or no symptoms and normal or borderline hematological parameters. β-Globin gene mutation characterization and screening for silent β-thal carriers in regions prevalent with β-thal are recommended to develop more effective genetic counseling and management of β-thal.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hemoglobin E/genetics; beta-Thalassemia/genetics*; beta-Globins/genetics*
  19. Fulltext The spectrum of beta-thalassemia mutations in Malays in Singapore and Kelantan
    Abdullah WA, Jamaluddin NB, Kham SK, Tan JA
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1996 Mar;27(1):164-8.
    PMID: 9031421
    The spectrum of beta-thalassemia mutations in Malays in Singapore and Kelantan (Northeast Malaysia) was studied. Allele specific priming was used to determine the mutations in beta-carriers at -28, Codon 17, IVSI #1, IVSI #5, Codon 41-42 and IVSII #654 along the beta-globin gene. The most common structural hemoglobin variant in Southeast Asia, Hb E, was detected by DNA amplification with restriction enzyme (Mnl1) analysis. Direct genomic sequencing was carried out to detect the beta-mutations uncharacterized by allele-specific priming. The most prevalent beta-mutations in Singaporean Malays were IVSI #5 (45.83%) followed by Hb E (20.83%), codon 15 (12.5%) and IVSI #1 and IVSII #654 at 4.17% each. In contrast, the distribution of the beta-mutations in Kelantan Malays differed, with Hb E as the most common mutation (39.29%) followed by IVSI #5 (17.86%), codon 41-42 (14.29%), codon 19 (10.71%) and codon 17 (3.57%). The beta-mutations in Kelantan Malays follow closely the distribution of beta-mutations in Thais and Malays of Southern Thailand and Malays of West Malaysia. The AAC-->AGC base substitution in codon 19 has been detected only in these populations. The spectrum of beta-mutations in the Singaporean Malays is more similar to those reported in Indonesia with the beta-mutation at codon 15 (TGG-->TAG) present in both populations. The characterization of beta-mutations in Singaporean and Kelantan Malays will facilitate the establishment of effective prenatal diagnosis programs for beta-thalassemia major in this ethnic group.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ethnic Groups/genetics*; Globins/genetics; Hemoglobin E/genetics; beta-Thalassemia/genetics*
  20. Increased PAC-1 expression among patients with multiple myeloma on concurrent thalidomide and warfarin
    Abdullah WZ, Roshan TM, Hussin A, Zain WS, Abdullah D
    Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis, 2013 Dec;24(8):893-5.
    PMID: 24030118 DOI: 10.1097/MBC.0b013e3283642ee2
    Treatment with thalidomide is associated with vascular thrombosis. The effect of thalidomide on platelet activation is unclear, although the use of aspirin is justified for thromboprophylaxis. A study on platelet activation markers was done among multiple myeloma patients receiving thalidomide therapy with warfarin as thromboprophylaxis. Strict criteria and procedure were set to avoid misinterpretation of platelet activation other than due to the thalidomide's effect. Blood specimen pre and post thalidomide therapy were used for flow cytometric analysis. Platelet surface P-selectin, CD62P expression and PAC-1 (antibody that recognizes conformational change of the GPIIb/IIIa complex) were examined by using three-colour flowcytometer. Increased expression marker for PAC-1 was observed after 4 weeks of thalidomide treatment (P 
    Matched MeSH terms: Thrombosis/genetics*; P-Selectin/genetics
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