Displaying publications 121 - 140 of 853 in total

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  1. Improvement of mitochondrial function by celastrol in palmitate-treated C2C12 myotubes via activation of PI3K-Akt signaling pathway
    Abu Bakar MH, Tan JS
    Biomed Pharmacother, 2017 Sep;93:903-912.
    PMID: 28715871 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.021
    Compelling evidences posited that high level of saturated fatty acid gives rise to mitochondrial dysfunction and inflammation in the development of insulin resistance in skeletal muscle. Celastrol is a pentacyclic triterpenoid derived from the root extracts of Tripterygium wilfordii that possesses potent anti-inflammatory properties in a number of animal models with metabolic diseases. However, the cellular mechanistic action of celastrol in alleviating obesity-induced insulin resistance in skeletal muscle remains largely unknown. Therefore, the present investigation evaluated the attributive properties of celastrol at different concentrations (10, 20, 30 and 40nM) on insulin resistance in C2C12 myotubes evoked by palmitate. We demonstrated that celastrol improved mitochondrial functions through significant enhancement of intracellular ATP content, mitochondrial membrane potential, citrate synthase activity and decrease of mitochondrial superoxide productions. Meanwhile, augmented mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) content with suppressed DNA oxidative damage were observed following celastrol treatment. Celastrol significantly enhanced fatty acid oxidation rate and increased the level of tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle intermediates in palmitate-treated cells. Further analysis revealed that the improvement of glucose uptake activity in palmitate-loaded myotubes was partly mediated by celastrol via activation of PI3K-Akt insulin signaling pathway. Collectively, these findings provided evidence for the first time that the protection from palmitate-mediated insulin resistance in C2C12 myotubes by celastrol is likely associated with the improvement of mitochondrial functions-related metabolic activities.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Survival/drug effects; Cell Survival/physiology
  2. Iodination improves the phototoxicity of an amphiphilic porphyrin
    Topkaya D, Ng SY, Bretonnière Y, Lafont D, Chung LY, Lee HB, et al.
    Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther, 2016 Dec;16:12-14.
    PMID: 27475243 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2016.07.008
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Survival/drug effects*; Cell Survival/radiation effects
  3. Fulltext Co-visualization of DNA damage and ion traversals in live mammalian cells using a fluorescent nuclear track detector
    Kodaira S, Konishi T, Kobayashi A, Maeda T, Ahmad TA, Yang G, et al.
    J Radiat Res, 2015 Mar;56(2):360-5.
    PMID: 25324538 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rru091
    The geometric locations of ion traversals in mammalian cells constitute important information in the study of heavy ion-induced biological effect. Single ion traversal through a cellular nucleus produces complex and massive DNA damage at a nanometer level, leading to cell inactivation, mutations and transformation. We present a novel approach that uses a fluorescent nuclear track detector (FNTD) for the simultaneous detection of the geometrical images of ion traversals and DNA damage in single cells using confocal microscopy. HT1080 or HT1080-53BP1-GFP cells were cultured on the surface of a FNTD and exposed to 5.1-MeV/n neon ions. The positions of the ion traversals were obtained as fluorescent images of a FNTD. Localized DNA damage in cells was identified as fluorescent spots of γ-H2AX or 53BP1-GFP. These track images and images of damaged DNA were obtained in a short time using a confocal laser scanning microscope. The geometrical distribution of DNA damage indicated by fluorescent γ-H2AX spots in fixed cells or fluorescent 53BP1-GFP spots in living cells was found to correlate well with the distribution of the ion traversals. This method will be useful for evaluating the number of ion hits on individual cells, not only for micro-beam but also for random-beam experiments.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Survival/genetics; Cell Survival/radiation effects
  4. Anti-allergic activity of 2,4,6-trihydroxy-3-geranylacetophenone (tHGA) via attenuation of IgE-mediated mast cell activation and inhibition of passive systemic anaphylaxis
    Tan JW, Israf DA, Harith HH, Md Hashim NF, Ng CH, Shaari K, et al.
    Toxicol Appl Pharmacol, 2017 03 15;319:47-58.
    PMID: 28167223 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2017.02.002
    tHGA, a geranyl acetophenone compound originally isolated from a local shrub called Melicope ptelefolia, has been previously reported to prevent ovalbumin-induced allergic airway inflammation in a murine model of allergic asthma by targeting cysteinyl leukotriene synthesis. Mast cells are immune effector cells involved in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases including asthma by releasing cysteinyl leukotrienes. The anti-asthmatic properties of tHGA could be attributed to its inhibitory effect on mast cell degranulation. As mast cell degranulation is an important event in allergic responses, this study aimed to investigate the anti-allergic effects of tHGA in cellular and animal models of IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation. For in vitro model of IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation, DNP-IgE-sensitized RBL-2H3 cells were pre-treated with tHGA before challenged with DNP-BSA to induce degranulation. For IgE-mediated passive systemic anaphylaxis, Sprague Dawley rats were sensitized by intraperitoneal injection of DNP-IgE before challenged with DNP-BSA. Both in vitro and in vivo models showed that tHGA significantly inhibited the release of preformed mediators (β-hexosaminidase and histamine) as well as de novo mediators (interleukin-4, tumour necrosis factor-α, prostaglandin D2 and leukotriene C4). Pre-treatment of tHGA also prevented IgE-challenged RBL-2H3 cells and peritoneal mast cells from undergoing morphological changes associated with mast cell degranulation. These findings indicate that tHGA possesses potent anti-allergic activity via attenuation of IgE-mediated mast cell degranulation and inhibition of IgE-mediated passive systemic anaphylaxis. Thus, tHGA may have the potential to be developed as a mast cell stabilizer for the treatment of allergic diseases in the future.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Survival/drug effects; Cell Survival/physiology
  5. The properties of red seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) and its effect on mammary carcinogenesis
    Chang VS, Okechukwu PN, Teo SS
    Biomed Pharmacother, 2017 Mar;87:296-301.
    PMID: 28063411 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.12.092
    The edible red seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) is one of the algae species which was found to be rich in nutrients and nutraceutical. Hence, K. alvarezii may have the ability to suppress cancer through its antiproliferative properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential compounds of K. alvarezii, cytotoxicity properties of K. alvarezii extract on breast cancer cell line (MCF-7), investigated toxicity effect of high dosage K. alvarezii extract in rats and determined the effect of K. alvarezii on 7, 12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) mammary carcinogenesis in rats. The method of LCMS/MS and MTT assay were used. For animal study, sub-chronic toxicity method was used, the rats were supplemented with 2000mg/kg body weight daily of K. alvarezii crude extracts by oral gavage. For the anticancer effect of K. alvarezii crude extracts, this study consisted of three groups of the experimental, untreated and normal group of rats. The experimental and untreated groups of rats were induced with mammary tumour with DMBA. The experimental group of rats was given with K. alvarezii crude extracts orally. The results were being used to compare with the untreated group of rats and normal group of rats. All the rats were fed with standard diet and water ad libitum. Mortality, behavior changes and tumour sizes were observed specifically. The differences between the three groups of rats were evaluated by using the ANOVA test. By using LCMS/MS method, six unknown compounds were analysed. K. alvarezii crude extract reduced the cell viability of MCF-7 from 84.91% to 0.81% and the IC50 value is 4.1±0.69mg/mL. For sub-chronic and heavy metal toxicity studies, no significant difference was found in haematological and biochemical values of the control group and experimental group. The growth rate of tumours in the untreated group of rats was found significantly higher than the experimental group of rats. Besides that, the white blood cells level in untreated group was found significantly higher than the experimental group and the normal group. In conclusion, K. alvarezii extract might able to slow down the growth rate of the tumour cells, therefore, identification of an active compound of inhibition growth rate of the tumour cells can be positively carried out in the future.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Survival/drug effects; Cell Survival/physiology
  6. Fulltext Investigation of Antioxidative and Anticancer Potentials of Streptomyces sp. MUM256 Isolated from Malaysia Mangrove Soil
    Tan LT, Ser HL, Yin WF, Chan KG, Lee LH, Goh BH
    Front Microbiol, 2015;6:1316.
    PMID: 26635777 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01316
    A Streptomyces strain, MUM256 was isolated from Tanjung Lumpur mangrove soil in Malaysia. Characterization of the strain showed that it has properties consistent with those of the members of the genus Streptomyces. In order to explore the potential bioactivities, extract of the fermented broth culture of MUM256 was prepared with organic solvent extraction method. DPPH and SOD activity were utilized to examine the antioxidant capacity and the results have revealed the potency of MUM256 in superoxide anion scavenging activity in dose-dependent manner. The cytotoxicity of MUM256 extract was determined using cell viability assay against 8 different panels of human cancer cell lines. Among all the tested cancer cells, HCT116 was the most sensitive toward the extract treatment. At the highest concentration of tested extract, the result showed 2.3-, 2.0-, and 1.8-folds higher inhibitory effect against HCT116, HT29, and Caco-2 respectively when compared to normal cell line. This result has demonstrated that MUM256 extract was selectively cytotoxic toward colon cancer cell lines. In order to determine the constituents responsible for its bioactivities, the extract was then subjected to chemical analysis using GC-MS. The analysis resulted in the identification of chemical constituents including phenolic and pyrrolopyrazine compounds which may responsible for antioxidant and anticancer activities observed. Based on the findings of this study, the presence of bioactive constituents in MUM256 extract could be a potential source for the development of antioxidative and chemopreventive agents.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Survival
  7. Fulltext Toll-like receptors and cancer, particularly oral squamous cell carcinoma
    Rich AM, Hussaini HM, Parachuru VP, Seymour GJ
    Front Immunol, 2014;5:464.
    PMID: 25309546 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00464
    It is becoming increasingly apparent that the tumor microenvironment plays an important role in the progression of cancer. The microenvironment may promote tumor cell survival and proliferation or, alternatively may induce tumor cell apoptosis. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are transmembrane proteins, expressed on immune cells and epithelial cells, that recognize exogenous and endogenous macromolecules. Once activated, they initiate signaling pathways leading to the release of cytokines and chemokines, which recruit immune cells inducing further cytokine production, the production of angiogenic mediators and growth factors, all of which may influence tumor progression. This paper examines the actions of TLRs in carcinogenesis with particular emphasis on their role in oral squamous cell carcinoma.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Survival
  8. Evaluation of royal jelly as an alternative to fetal bovine serum in cell culture using cell proliferation assays and live cell imaging
    Musa M, Nasir NF, Thirumulu KP
    Afr J Tradit Complement Altern Med, 2014;11(1):148-55.
    PMID: 24653569
    Royal jelly is a nutritious substance produced by the young nurse bees and contains significant amounts of proteins which are important for cell growth and proliferation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of royal jelly as an alternative to fetal bovine serum (FBS) in cell culture using cell proliferation assays and live cell imaging.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Survival
  9. Cell attachment study of chicken fibroblast cell (DF-1) using ceramic microcarrier granule in bioreactors
    Mel M, Sopyan I, Nor YA
    Med J Malaysia, 2008 Jul;63 Suppl A:18-20.
    PMID: 19024963
    Tricalcium phosphate ceramic microcarrier has been developed and introduced to a new possibility for the culture of anchorage dependent animal cells of DF1. It was observed that the number of attached cells was increased with shorter time for both spinner vessel and stirred tank (ST) bioreactor. For those bioreactors, the total viable cell number that had been obtained is about 1.2 x 10(5) cell/ml.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Survival
  10. In vitro cytotoxicology model of oligo-chitosan and n, o-carboxymethyl chitosan using primary normal human epidermal keratinocyte cultures
    Lim CK, Halim AS, Lau HY, Ujang Z, Hazri A
    J Appl Biomater Biomech, 2007 May-Aug;5(2):82-7.
    PMID: 20799177
    Chitosan (beta-1, 4-D-glucosamine) is a deacetylated form of chitin with excellent biological properties in wound management. The natural properties of chitosan have the physical and chemical limitations to be widely used in biomedical fields. The improvement of the physical and chemical properties of chitosan with some additional chemicals will alter its biocompatibility. Therefore, the biological attribute of the modified chitosan must be evaluated. In this study, the cytotoxicity of oligo-chitosan (OC) and N, O- carboxymethyl-chitosan (NO-CMC) derivatives (O-C 1%, O-C 5%, NO-CMC 1% and NO-CMC 5%) was evaluated using primary normal human epidermal keratinocyte (pNHEK) cultures as an in vitro toxicology model at standardized cell passages (fourth passages). 3-[4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl]-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) was used as a cell viability assay. The O-C 1% is one of the most compatible chitosan derivatives because it steadily sustained >70% of viable cells until 72 hr post-treatment. This was followed by O-C 5%, NO-CMC 5% and NO-CMC 1%. Therefore, oligo-chitosan had the ideal properties of a biocompatible material compared to N, O- carboxymethyl-chitosan in this study.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Survival
  11. The effects of magnetic separation on cryopreserved bovine spermatozoa motility, viability and cryo-capacitation status
    Faezah SS, Zuraina FM, Farah JH, Khairul O, Hilwani NI, Iswadi MI, et al.
    Zygote, 2014 Aug;22(3):378-86.
    PMID: 23237064 DOI: 10.1017/S0967199412000597
    Cryopreservation is a technique used to preserve cells for long-time storage. It is widely used in agriculture to store male gametes in liquid nitrogen. The aim of this study was to determine the optimum thawing temperature and time for samples subjected to annexin V magnetic-activated cell sorting (AnMACS) as the sperm preparation technique. Pooled semen samples from three ejaculates were divided into two groups. The treatment group was subjected both to AnMACS and to being cryopreserved, whilst the control group was cryopreserved directly without MACS. Post-thaw analysis was carried out for samples thawed at either 20°C for 13 s, 37°C for 30 s, 40°C for 7 s, 60°C for 6 s or 80°C for 5 s. Sperm kinematics, viability and capacitation status were determined for samples subjected to all thawing temperatures described. Results showed that thawing at 37°C for 13 s for MACS-processed samples was a superior option compared with other thawing procedures; there was a significant difference in P < 0.05 values for curvilinear velocity (VCL μm/s) and sperm straightness (STR %) when samples were thawed at 40°C for 7 s, with fewer capacitated spermatozoa (P < 0.05) when samples were thawed at 37°C for 30 s, 40°C for 7 s or 60°C for 6 s. Hence, we can speculate that the use of AnMACS as the sperm preparation technique can somehow enhance sperm cryosurvival rate after cryopreservation, however the fertilization potential of these cells has yet to be determined.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Survival
  12. Fulltext The In-Vitro Effects of Sea Cucumber (Stichopus sp1) Extract on Human Osteoblast Cell Line
    Shahrulazua A, Samsudin A, Iskandar M, Amran A
    Malays Orthop J, 2013 Mar;7(1):41-8.
    PMID: 25722806 MyJurnal DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1303.015
    Despite its claimed therapeutic effects, the action of sea cucumber (known as gamat in the Malay language) on human osteoblast cells is still unknown. We performed in vitro studies utilising extract of Stichopus sp1 (gamat) to elucidate its effects on cell viability and functional activity. We found an inverse relationship between gamat concentration and its effect on osteoblast cell viability (p<0.001). Only gamat concentration at 1mg/ml significantly promoted cell viability at day 3 of incubation. There was a trend towards increased osteoblast cell function in the presence of gamat at 5mg/ml and 10mg/ml but this observation was not consistent at different incubation periods.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Survival
  13. Fulltext Bioactivity studies and adhesion of human osteoblast (hFOB) on silicon-biphasic calcium phosphate material
    Ibrahim S, Sabudin S, Sahid S, Marzuke MA, Hussin ZH, Kader Bashah NS, et al.
    Saudi J Biol Sci, 2016 Jan;23(1):S56-63.
    PMID: 26858566 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2015.10.024
    Surface reactivity of bioactive ceramics contributes in accelerating bone healing by anchoring osteoblast cells and the connection of the surrounding bone tissues. The presence of silicon (Si) in many biocompatible and bioactive materials has been shown to improve osteoblast cell adhesion, proliferation and bone regeneration due to its role in the mineralisation process around implants. In this study, the effects of Si-biphasic calcium phosphate (Si-BCP) on bioactivity and adhesion of human osteoblast (hFOB) as an in vitro model have been investigated. Si-BCP was synthesised using calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) and phosphoric acid (H3PO4) via wet synthesis technique at Ca/P ratio 1.60 of material precursors. SiO2 at 3 wt% based on total precursors was added into apatite slurry before proceeding with the spray drying process. Apatite powder derived from the spray drying process was pressed into discs with Ø 10 mm. Finally, the discs were sintered at atmospheric condition to obtain biphasic hydroxyapatite (HA) and tricalcium phosphate (TCP) peaks simultaneously and examined by XRD, AFM and SEM for its bioactivity evaluation. In vitro cell viability of L929 fibroblast and adhesion of hFOB cell were investigated via AlamarBlue® (AB) assay and SEM respectively. All results were compared with BCP without Si substitution. Results showed that the presence of Si affected the material's surface and morphology, cell proliferation and cell adhesion. AFM and SEM of Si-BCP revealed a rougher surface compared to BCP. Bioactivity in simulated body fluid (SBF) was characterised by pH, weight gain and apatite mineralisation on the sample surface whereby the changes in surface morphology were evaluated using SEM. Immersion in SBF up to 21 days indicated significant changes in pH, weight gain and apatite formation. Cell viability has demonstrated no cytotoxic effect and denoted that Si-BCP promoted good initial cell adhesion and proliferation. These results suggest that Si-BCP's surface roughness (164 nm) was significantly higher than BCP (88 nm), thus enhancing the adhesion and proliferation of the osteoblast.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Survival
  14. Prognostic significance of morphological and cytochemical markers in adult acute myelogenous leukaemia: concepts and observations
    George E, Kamarulzaman E
    Med J Malaysia, 1979 Dec;34(2):184-6.
    PMID: 297198
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Survival
  15. Fulltext Integrated Stirred-Tank Bioreactor with Internal Adsorption for the Removal of Ammonium to Enhance the Cultivation Performance of gdhA Derivative Pasteurella multocida B:2
    Oslan SNH, Tan JS, Abbasiliasi S, Ziad Sulaiman A, Saad MZ, Halim M, et al.
    Microorganisms, 2020 Oct 24;8(11).
    PMID: 33114463 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8111654
    Growth of mutant gdhA Pasteurella multocida B:2 was inhibited by the accumulation of a by-product, namely ammonium in the culture medium during fermentation. The removal of this by-product during the cultivation of mutant gdhA P. multocida B:2 in a 2 L stirred-tank bioreactor integrated with an internal column using cation-exchange adsorption resin for the improvement of cell viability was studied. Different types of bioreactor system (dispersed and internal) with resins were successfully used for ammonium removal at different agitation speeds. The cultivation in a bioreactor integrated with an internal column demonstrated a significant improvement in growth performance of mutant gdhA P. multocida B:2 (1.05 × 1011 cfu/mL), which was 1.6-fold and 8.4-fold as compared to cultivation with dispersed resin (7.2 × 1010 cfu/mL) and cultivation without resin (1.25 × 1010 cfu/mL), respectively. The accumulation of ammonium in culture medium without resin (801 mg/L) was 1.24-fold and 1.37-fold higher than culture with dispersed resin (642.50 mg/L) and culture in the bioreactor integrated with internal adsorption (586.50 mg/L), respectively. Results from this study demonstrated that cultivation in a bioreactor integrated with the internal adsorption column in order to remove ammonium could reduce the inhibitory effect of this by-product and improve the growth performance of mutant gdhA P. multocida B:2.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Survival
  16. Fulltext Comparative Evaluation of pH and In Vitro Cytotoxicity of Zinc Oxide-Ozonated Eugenol and Conventional Zinc Oxide Eugenol as Endodontic Sealers
    Ravivarman C, Jeyasenthil A, Ajay R, Nilofernisha N, Karthikeyan R, Rajkumar D
    J Pharm Bioallied Sci, 2020 Aug;12(Suppl 1):S73-S77.
    PMID: 33149434 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.JPBS_21_20
    Background: Eugenol released from zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE)-based sealants may cause irritation to the periapical tissues and has cytotoxic potential. Ozone therapy has numerous clinical applications with humans because of its bactericidal action, detoxifying effect, stimulation of angiogenesis, and wound-healing capacity. Therefore ozone can be incorporated in ZOE sealer to exploit these properties.

    Materials and Methods: Eugenol was ozonated using ozonator machine and the samples were divided into two groups: Group I: zinc oxide eugenol (n = 10) and Group II: zinc oxide-ozonated eugenol (OZOE; n = 10). The pH of the fresh sealer samples and the set samples was measured using calibrated pH meter after predetermined time intervals. Cytotoxicity of the set sealer was evaluated on mouse L929 fibroblasts using cellular metabolic assay.

    Results: pH of the samples in Group II was higher when compared to Group I. Group II showed higher cell viability than the Group I.

    Conclusion: OZOE sealers can be used as an alternative to the conventional ZOE sealers.

    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Survival
  17. Fulltext Effects of xanthorrhizol on 3T3-L1 adipocyte hyperplasia and hypertrophy [Abstract]
    Seok Fang Oon, Meenakshii Nallappan, Mohd Shazrul Fazry Sa’ariwijaya, Nur Kartinee Kassim, Shamarina Shohaimi, Thiam Tsui Tee, et al.
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2019;15(102):41-41.
    MyJurnal
    ABSTRACTS FOR INTERNATIONAL HEALTH AND MEDICAL SCIENCES CONFERENCE 2019 (IHMSC 2019). Accelerating Innovations in Translational and Precision Medicine. Held at Taylor’s University Lakeside Campus, Subang Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia. 8-9th March, 2019
    Introduction: According to the National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2015, 47.7% of the Malaysian population are either obese or overweight. The increased obesity prevalence has caused major health problems including cardiovascular diseases and diabetes. Although several anti-obesity drugs have been developed, they are limited due to adverse side effects. Previous studies demonstrated that xanthorrhizol (XNT) reduced the levels of serum free fatty acid and triglyceride in vivo, but the detailed anti-obesity activities and its related mechanisms are yet to be reported. Thus, this study aims to evaluate its abilities to inhibit adipocyte hyperplasia and hypertrophy employing 3T3-L1 adipocytes.
    Methods: Statistical significance was established by one-way ANOVA, where p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
    Results: In this study, the IC50 value of XNT (98.3% purity) from Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. in 3T3-L1 adipocytes was 35 ± 0.24 μg/mL. The loss of cell viability was due to 20.01 ± 2.77% of early apoptosis and 24.13 ± 2.03% of late apoptosis. XNT elicited apoptosis via up-regulation of caspase-3 and cleaved PARP-1 protein expression for 4.09-fold and 3.12-fold, respectively. Moreover, XNT decreased adipocyte differentiation for 36.13 ± 3.64% and reduced GPDH activity to 52.26 ± 4.36%. The underlying mechanism was due to impaired expression of PPARγ to 0.36-fold and FAS to 0.38-fold, respectively. On the other hand, XNT increased glycerol release by 45.37 ± 6.08% compared to control. During lipolysis, XNT up-regulated the leptin protein for 2.08-fold but down-regulated the protein level of insulin to 0.36-fold. These results indicated that XNT reduced the volume of adipocytes through modulation of leptin and insulin.
    Conclusion: To conclude, XNT exerted its anti-obesity mechanisms by suppression of adipocyte hyperplasia through induction of apoptosis and inhibition of adipogenesis whilst reduction of adipocyte hypertrophy through stimulation of lipolysis. Thus, XNT could be developed as a potential anti-obesity agent in the future.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Survival
  18. Studies on the supramolecular complex of a guanosine with beta-cyclodextrin and evaluation of its anti-proliferative activity
    Prabu S, Samad NA, Ahmad NA, Jumbri K, Raoov M, Rahim NY, et al.
    Carbohydr Res, 2020 Nov;497:108138.
    PMID: 32911205 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2020.108138
    The behavior of the inclusion behavior of guanosine (GU) with beta-cyclodextrin (β-CD) in the liquid, solid and virtual state were investigated. The absorption and fluorescence spectral were used to determine the inclusion behavior in liquid state. FT-IR, NMR, TGA, DSC, PXRD and FESEM techniques were used to investigate the inclusion behavior in solid-state, meanwhile the virtual state studies are done by molecular docking. The solid inclusion complex (GU: β-CD) was prepared by using the co-precipitation method. The binding constant (K) of (GU: β-CD) was calculated by using Benesi-Hildebrand. Besides that, the 1:1 stoichiometric ratio of inclusion complex was confirmed by using the Benesi-Hildebrand plot and Job's plot of continuous variation method. The most preferable model of GU: β-CD that suggested via molecular docking studies was in good agreement with experimental results. The inclusion complex of GU: β-CD exerted its toxicity effects towards HepG2 cell lines based on the reduced number of cell viability and lowest IC50 value compared to the GU and β-CD viability.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Survival
  19. Fulltext Bystander Effect Induced in Breast Cancer (MCF-7) and Human Osteoblast Cell Lines (hFOB 1.19) with HDR-Brachytherapy
    Zainudin Nh M, R A, W N R
    J Biomed Phys Eng, 2020 Jun;10(3):319-328.
    PMID: 32637376 DOI: 10.31661/jbpe.v0i0.1135
    Background: Radiation induced bystander effects (RIBEs) occurs in unirradiated cells exhibiting indirect biological effect as a consequence of signals from other irradiated cells in the population.

    Objective: In this study, bystander effects in MCF-7 breast cancer cells and hFOB 1.19 normal osteoblast cells irradiated with gamma emitting HDR Brachytherapy Ir-192 source were investigated.

    Material and Methods: In this in-vitro study, bystander effect stimulation was conducted using medium transfer technique of irradiated cells to the non-irradiated bystander cells. Cell viability, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and colony forming assay was employed to evaluate the effect.

    Results: Results indicate that the exposure to the medium irradiated MCF-7 induced significant bystander killing and decreased the survival fraction of bystander MCF-7 and hFOB from 1.19 to 81.70 % and 65.44 %, respectively. A significant decrease in survival fraction was observed for hFOB 1.19 bystander cells (p < 0.05). We found that the rate of hFOB 1.19 cell growth significantly decreases to 85.5% when added with media from irradiated cells. The ROS levels of bystander cells for both cell lines were observed to have an increase even after 4 h of treatment. Our results suggest the presence of bystander effects in unirradiated cells exposed to the irradiated medium.

    Conclusion: These data provide evidence that irradiated MCF-7 breast cancer cells can induce bystander death in unirradiated MCF-7 and hFOB 1.19 bystander cells. Increase in cell death could also be mediated by the ROS generation during the irradiation with HDR brachytherapy.

    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Survival
  20. Stem Cells from Human Extracted Deciduous Teeth Expanded in Foetal Bovine and Human Sera Express Different Paracrine Factors After Exposure to Freshly Prepared Human Serum
    Haque N, Widera D, Abu Kasim NH
    Adv Exp Med Biol, 2019;1084:175-186.
    PMID: 30771186 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_299
    BACKGROUND: The response of stem cells to paracrine factors within the host's body plays an important role in the regeneration process after transplantation. The aim of this study was to determine the viability and paracrine factor profile of stem cells from human extracted deciduous teeth (SHED) pre-cultivated in media supplemented with either foetal bovine serum (FBS) or pooled human serum (pHS) in the presence of individual human sera (iHS).

    METHODS: SHED (n = 3) from passage 4 were expanded in FBS (FBS-SHED) or pHS (pHS-SHED) supplemented media until passage 7. During expansion, the proliferation of SHED was determined. Cells at passage 7 were further expanded in human serum from four individual donors (iHS) for 120 h followed by assessment of cell viability and profiling of the secreted paracrine factors.

    RESULTS: Proliferation of SHED was significantly higher (p cell culture supernatants from FBS-SHED were profiled 120 h post-incubation.

    CONCLUSION: SHED expanded in pHS instead of FBS have higher proliferative capacity and show an altered secretion profile. Further studies are needed to determine whether these differences could result in better engraftment and regeneration following transplantation.

    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Survival
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