Displaying publications 141 - 160 of 940 in total

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  1. Association among calendar packaging and medication adherence: Findings from a focus group discussion among hypertensive patients in Penang, Malaysia. [Abstract]
    Tan BY, Shafie AA, Hassali MA, Saleem F, Kumar R
    Value Health, 2015 Nov;18(7):A831.
    PMID: 26534439 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2015.09.317
    Objectives: Medication adherence to treatment recommendations has major impact on health outcomes. Numerous interventions to improve medication adherence among the patients have been studied in clinical trials, including calendar packaging and patient reminder letters. Therefore, this study is aimed to explore hypertensive patient’s perceptions towards calendar packaging and its impact on medication adherence.
    Methods: A qualitative method was adopted, whereby two focus group sessions were conducted among 16 conveniently sampled hypertensive patients from a community based non-governmental organisation in the state of Penang, Malaysia. A pre validated focus group guide was constructed and used for data collection. Collected data was transcribed verbatim and analysed by thematic content analysis to identify the emerging themes.
    Results: Each focus group consisted of 8 hypertensive patients. Thematic content analysis resulted into 3 major themes (knowledge and familiarity with the medicines names and their packaging; perception about the packaging and labelling of medicines; knowledge and views of calendar packaging) and each theme was further divided into 2 sub themes. Majority of the hypertensive patients were not familiar with their medication names, however they were able to identify their medications based on the appearance and packaging. Participants agreed that calendar packaging is a great intervention to increase awareness among patients about regular medicine use and increase medication adherence.
    Conclusions: The study concluded that hypertensive patients relied on the packaging and labelling on the medications to identify their medications. Thus, packaging and labelling of the medications play an important role in improving medication adherence and reduce medication errors. This finding can help to enhance the drug manufacturers to pay attention on the drug packaging in order to increase medication adherence among the patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension
  2. Fulltext Prevalence, awareness, treatment, control and socio demographic determinants of hypertension in Malaysian adults
    Abdul-Razak S, Daher AM, Ramli AS, Ariffin F, Mazapuspavina MY, Ambigga KS, et al.
    BMC Public Health, 2016;16(1):351.
    PMID: 27097542 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-016-3008-y
    Hypertension is the leading cardiovascular risk factor globally as well as in Malaysia. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence, awareness, treatment, control and the socio demographic determinants of hypertension among Malaysian adults.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension
  3. Hypertension and stroke in Asia: prevalence, control and strategies in developing countries for prevention
    Singh RB, Suh IL, Singh VP, Chaithiraphan S, Laothavorn P, Sy RG, et al.
    J Hum Hypertens, 2000 11 30;14(10-11):749-63.
    PMID: 11095165
    Reliable statistics related to the prevalence, incidence and mortality of hypertension and stroke are not available from Asia. The data may be in national or institutional reports or journals published in the local language only. The mortality rate for stroke has been on the decline since the mid 1960s in the developed countries of Asia, such as Australia, New Zealand, and Japan, with some improvement in Singapore, Taiwan and Hong Kong, some areas of China and Malaysia about 15 years later. In India, China, Philippines, Thailand, Sri Lanka, Iran, Pakistan, Nepal, there has been a rapid increase in stroke mortality and prevalence of hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension according to new criteria (>140/90 mm Hg) varies between 15-35% in urban adult populations of Asia. In rural populations, the prevalence is two to three times lower than in urban subjects. Hypertension and stroke occur at a relatively younger age in Asians and the risk of hypertension increases at lower levels of body mass index of 23-25 kg/m2. Overweight, sedentary behaviour, alcohol, higher social class, salt intake, diabetes mellitus and smoking are risk factors for hypertension in most of the countries of Asia. In Australia, New Zealand and Japan, lower social class is a risk factor for hypertension and stroke. Population-based long-term follow-up studies are urgently needed to demonstrate the association of risk factors with hypertension in Asia. However prevention programmes should be started based on cross-sectional surveys and case studies without waiting for the cohort studies.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension/complications; Hypertension/drug therapy; Hypertension/epidemiology*
  4. Fulltext Blood pressure in acute intracerebral haemorrhage
    Rasool AH, Rahman AR, Choudhury SR, Singh RB
    J Hum Hypertens, 2004 Mar;18(3):187-92.
    PMID: 14973513 DOI: 10.1038/sj.jhh.1001647
    Stroke is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and spontaneous bleeding into the brain parenchyma, intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH), is a stroke subtype associated with high morbidity and mortality. Overall, it comprises about 15% of all stroke in Caucasians, this figure being much higher in Asians and black people. Blood pressure (BP) appears to play an important role in this disease. We have reviewed available literature on the relationship of BP to the occurrence of primary and secondary ICH, the association of BP levels measured early after stroke with prognosis and complications, and evidence about the effects of early BP lowering treatments on post-stroke outcomes. BP appears to be an important risk factor for primary and secondary ICH. In addition, high BP early after ICH may be detrimental to outcome, possibly contributing to complications such as rebleeding and haematoma enlargement. Few data are available about the effects of early lowering of BP on outcome after ICH with no reliable trial yet conducted. Proper randomised trials are required to establish the effect of early lowering of BP on outcome after ICH.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension/complications*; Hypertension/drug therapy; Hypertension/physiopathology
  5. Effect of melatonin supplementation and cross-fostering on renal glutathione system and development of hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats
    Siew-Keah L, Sundaram A, Sirajudeen KN, Zakaria R, Singh HJ
    J Physiol Biochem, 2014 Mar;70(1):73-9.
    PMID: 23975651 DOI: 10.1007/s13105-013-0282-3
    Antenatal and postnatal environments are hypothesised to influence the development of hypertension. This study investigates the synergistic effect of cross-fostering and melatonin supplementation on the development of hypertension and renal glutathione system in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). In one experiment, 1-day-old male SHR pups were fostered to either SHR (shr-SHR) or Wistar-Kyoto rats, (shr-WKY). In a concurrent experiment, SHR dams were given melatonin in drinking water (10 mg/kg body weight) from day 1 of pregnancy. Immediately following delivery, 1-day-old male pups were fostered either to SHR (Mel-shr-SHR) or WKY (Mel-shr-WKY) dams receiving melatonin supplementation until weaning on day 21. Upon weaning, melatonin supplementation was continued to these pups until the age of 16 weeks. Systolic blood pressures (SBP) were recorded at the age of 4, 6, 8, 12 and 16 weeks. Renal antioxidant activities were measured. Mean SBP of shr-WKY, Mel-shr-SHR and Mel-shr-WKY was significantly lower than that in shr-SHR until the age of 8 weeks. At 12 and 16 weeks of age, mean SBP of Mel-shr-WKY was lower than those in non-treated shr-SHR and shr-WKY pups but was not significantly different from that in Mel-shr-SHR. Renal glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activities were significantly higher in Mel-shr-SHR and Mel-shr-WKY at 16 weeks of age. It appears that combination of cross-fostering and melatonin supplementation exerts no synergistic effect on delaying the rise in blood pressure in SHR. The elevated GPx and GST activities are likely to be due to the effect of melatonin supplementation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension/metabolism; Hypertension/physiopathology; Hypertension/prevention & control*
  6. Fulltext Mid-term impact of home-based follow-up care on health-related quality of life of hypertensive patients at a teaching hospital in Ilorin, Nigeria
    Bolarinwa OA, Juni MH, Nor Afiah MZ, Salmiah MS, Akande TM
    Niger J Clin Pract, 2019 Jan;22(1):69-78.
    PMID: 30666023 DOI: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_246_17
    Background: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is an important clinical outcome assessment in hypertension management, given the lifelong (chronicity) nature and the need for daily self-management for hypertensive patents. Of some of the studies that implemented home-based interventions on hypertension globally, the HRQoL is rarely used as a primary outcome measure. This study developed, implemented, and assessed the impact of home-based follow-up care (HBFC) on HRQoL of hypertensive patients attending outpatients' clinics in Ilorin, Nigeria.

    Materials and Methods: A total of 149 and 150 patients were randomized to intervention and usual care (control) groups, respectively. A 12-month task-shifting (nurse-driven) HBFC intervention was administered to intervention group. The mid-term impact of intervention on HRQoL was assessed after 6 months intervention. Data were analyzed with intention-to-treat principle. Treatment effects were measured with the t-tests, analysis of covariance, and multivariate analysis of covariance analysis. Significant levels were set at P < 0.05 and 95% confidence interval.

    Results: The between-group treatment effect was not statistically significant (P > 0.05), whereas the within-group treatment effects were statistically significant for both the intervention and control arms (P < 0.05) at 6 months. After controlling for age and baseline HRQoL, the intervention group had an improved physical component of HRQoL than the control group. The intervention group also had statistically significant improvement in blood pressure control, medication adherence, and symptom counts (P < 0.05).

    Conclusion: The HBFC intervention for hypertensive patients impacted positively on physical component of HRQoL after controlling for baseline HRQoL and age of the patients at 6 months post-intervention.

    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension/drug therapy; Hypertension/physiopathology; Hypertension/psychology*
  7. Long-term visit-to-visit variability of systolic blood pressure and decline in renal function in hypertensive patients over 15 years [Abstract OS 37-05]
    Lim HM, Chia YC, Ching SM
    J Hypertens, 2016 Sep;34 Suppl 1 - ISH 2016 Abstract Book:e406.
    PMID: 27754262
    Conference abstract:
    We aim to examine the relationship between visit-to-visit systolic blood pressure variability (BPV) and decline in renal function in patients with hypertension and determine the level of systolic BPV that contribute to significant renal function decline.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension
  8. Fulltext A study of (a) the prevalence of hypertension (b) the distribution of blood groups, in Sibu, Sarawak, July - August 1988
    Hu CH
    Family Practitioner, 1988;11(3):67-69.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension
  9. Prevalence and Risk Factors of Hypertension in the Vietnamese Elderly
    Bui Van N, Vo Hoang L, Bui Van T, Anh HNS, Minh HT, Do Nam K, et al.
    High Blood Press Cardiovasc Prev, 2019 Jun;26(3):239-246.
    PMID: 31020550 DOI: 10.1007/s40292-019-00314-8
    INTRODUCTION: Hypertension (HT) is considered as a major determinant of cardiovascular complications. However, few studies have addressed HT prevalence among adults aged 60 years and older in the northern mountainous region of Vietnam.

    AIM: To determine the prevalence of HT and its risk factors in the elderly in that area.

    METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a study area in the northern of Vietnam. We interviewed 354 adults aged 60 years or over who were randomly selected, and then measured their blood pressure.

    RESULTS: The overall HT prevalence was 62.15%. The isolated systolic hypertension (ISH) prevalence was 22.88%. There was a slight decrease in the proportion of HT by stage 1, stage 2 and stage 3 respectively. The univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated some risk factors for HT including age groups, body mass index (BMI) and waist-hip ratio (WHR) (p 

    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension/diagnosis; Hypertension/ethnology*; Hypertension/physiopathology
  10. Fulltext Real-Time Stress Assessment Using Sliding Window Based Convolutional Neural Network
    Naqvi SF, Ali SSA, Yahya N, Yasin MA, Hafeez Y, Subhani AR, et al.
    Sensors (Basel), 2020 Aug 07;20(16).
    PMID: 32784531 DOI: 10.3390/s20164400
    Mental stress has been identified as a significant cause of several bodily disorders, such as depression, hypertension, neural and cardiovascular abnormalities. Conventional stress assessment methods are highly subjective and tedious and tend to lack accuracy. Machine-learning (ML)-based computer-aided diagnosis systems can be used to assess the mental state with reasonable accuracy, but they require offline processing and feature extraction, rendering them unsuitable for real-time applications. This paper presents a real-time mental stress assessment approach based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs). The CNN-based approach afforded real-time mental stress assessment with an accuracy as high as 96%, the sensitivity of 95%, and specificity of 97%. The proposed approach is compared with state-of-the-art ML techniques in terms of accuracy, time utilisation, and quality of features.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension
  11. Fulltext Mind, body and cancer
    Yip, C.H
    JUMMEC, 2010;13(1):1-2.
    MyJurnal
    Many researchers studies have shown that stressful life events, from the death of a loved one to the loss of a job, are linked to an increase in certain health problems, particularly heart disease, diabetes, and hypertension. Many people assume that stress leads to cancer as well. Evidence for this, however, is not clear. However, the significance of mind-body interactions in medicine is now increasingly being recognised.(Copied from article.)
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension
  12. Fulltext The CORFIS experience
    Low, Wilson
    Malays Fam Physician, 2010;5(1):57-58.
    MyJurnal
    The CORFIS Programme was conceived by the Clinical Research Centre, HKL in 2007 in the hope of piloting a chronic disease management strategy among the Malaysian private general practitioners to tackle the current epidemic of cardiovascular chronic diseases. 1-5 The programme was implementing as a clinical research study i.e. a community trial in June 2007. The study recruited a total of 70 GPs within the Klang Valley region with an enrolment of 705 patients diagnosed with hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM) and/or hyperlipidaemia. The GPs were clustered randomised centrally in a 2:1 ratio to provide either chronic disease care (CORFIS) or usual care. Patients were followed up for a period of 6 months from date of enrolment. (Copied from article).
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension
  13. Fulltext The identification of copy number variation of CNV ESV27061 among young adults with hypertension: preliminary findings. [Abstract]
    Shaik Alaudeen SR, Mohd Shah AS, Abdul Talib N, Abdullah A
    International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2017;16(11):31.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Hypertension related morbidities and mortalities around the world show a gradual increase and early detection and prevention are advocated. The Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) has associated variation in DNA sequences called copy number variation (CNV) with susceptibility to common diseases. However, little is known about CNV role in essential hypertension. Thus, this study aimed to characterize the CNV esv27061 among prehypertensive and hypertensive young adults in Malaysia. Materials and method: In this comparative cross-sectional study, 104 subjects living in Kuantan who gave voluntary consent to participate are recruited and divided into three groups; control (43 subjects), prehypertensive (38 subjects) and mild hypertensive (23 subjects). An optimized droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) was used in the determination of CNV esv27061 in this study. Results: All subjects in the control (n=38; 88.4% gain), prehypertensive (n=33; 86.8% gain) and mild hypertensive (n=21; 91.3% gain) groups had CNV gain (copy number > 2) while 11.6% of control, 13.2% of prehypertensive and 8.7% of mild hypertensive subjects exhibited normal copies (copy number = 2). Conclusion: The present preliminary finding was consistent with the Database of Genomic Variants (DGV) which stated that CNV esv27061 showed more gain than loss.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension
  14. Fulltext Efficacy of Losartan in the management of Post-Dialysis Euvolemic Hypertension (HELD-Trial): A Single-Blind Randomized Control Trial
    Aftab RA, Khan AH, Adnan AS, Sulaiman SA, Khan TM
    Sci Rep, 2016 12 06;6:36592.
    PMID: 27922020 DOI: 10.1038/srep36592
    To assess the effectiveness of losartan 50 mg on post dialysis euvolemic hypertensive patients against standard antihypertensive pharmacotherapy. A multicentre, prospective, randomized, single-blind trial was conducted to assess the effect of losartan 50 mg every other day (EOD), once a morning (OM) among post-dialysis euvolemic hypertensive patients. Covariate-adaptive randomization was used to allocate participants to a standard or treatment arm, and they were followed up for eight weeks. Pre-, intra- and post-dialysis session blood pressure (BP) measurements were recorded along with any adverse events. A total of 88 patients were randomized into standard (n = 44) and treatment arms (n = 44) and were followed for a period of 8 weeks. In the standard group, the mean post-dialysis blood pressure dropped by 0.3 mmHg by the end of the 8th week. However the treatment arm reported a drop of 2.4 mmHg of BP drop during the 8-week trial period. Analysis suggests that there was a significant difference in blood pressure readings at the end of 8 weeks among patients treated with losartan (P 
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension/drug therapy*; Hypertension/etiology; Hypertension/physiopathology
  15. Fulltext Angiotensin Receptor Blockers for Erectile Dysfunction in Hypertensive Men: A Brief Meta-Analysis of Randomized Control Trials
    Ismail SB, Noor NM, Hussain NHN, Sulaiman Z, Shamsudin MA, Irfan M
    Am J Mens Health, 2019 12 5;13(6):1557988319892735.
    PMID: 31795911 DOI: 10.1177/1557988319892735
    Erectile dysfunction is common in adult men, particularly those with hypertension and diabetes. The present study determines the effectiveness of angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) drugs on erectile function in hypertensive male adults. For this purpose, CENTRAL and MEDLINE and reference lists of the articles were searched. The randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were selected that compared ARBs with conventional therapy or no treatment in men of any ethnicity who were presented with hypertension and/or diabetes. A total four trials that had 2,809 men were included. Three trials reported adequate random sequence allocation, two reported adequate blinding. Attrition bias is low in one of the included studies. All three studies are of low risk of selective reporting bias. There was an improvement in sexual activity with ARBs (valsartan) (mean difference (MD): 0.71, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.66 to 0.76, I2 statistic = 0%). However, the erectile functions did not increase significantly in ARBs (losartan or telmisartan) treated men as compared to control or placebo (n = 203 vs n = 232; MD: 1.36; 95% CI: -0.97 to -3.69; I2 statistic = 80%). These results suggested that ARBs significantly improved sexual activity among hypertensive men. However, the erectile function was not significantly improved in ARBs treated men as compared to the control or placebo-treated. There were limited studies available. Hence, additional studies are needed to support findings from this review. ARBs should be considered when prescribing antihypertensive drugs to men.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension/diagnosis; Hypertension/drug therapy; Hypertension/epidemiology*
  16. Efficacy and quality of life in 30 hypertensive patients treated with low dose captopril
    Choy YW, Cheong I
    Family Physician, 1989;1:19-22.
    This study was carried out on 30 patients to: i) determine the efficacy of low dose captopril as monotherapy (with or without a diuretic) in the treatment of various grades of hypertension. ii) assess the quality of life of these patients 12 weeks after commencement of therapy. Our results showed that there was a sustained and significant fall in both mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure from 171.9 ± 24 to 150.5 ± 25 mm Hg and 109.0 ± 14 to 93.6 ± 15mmHg respectively (p<0.001). Improvement in quality of life was however not statistically significant (p<0.05). We concluded that low dose captopril used alone or in combination with a diuretic can be considered for the initial therapy of mild to moderate hypertension. The optimal dosage and the longterm benefits on quality of life need further evaluation in a larger series.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension
  17. A six-year review of tubal sterilization at a district hospital (1981-1986)
    Sivalingam N, Bhagat S, Pereira R
    Family Physician, 1989;1:23-27.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension
  18. Piper sarmentosum as an antioxidant: a systematic review
    Siti Marjiana Ismail, Chua KH, Amilia Aminuddin, Azizah Ugusman
    Sains Malaysiana, 2018;47:2359-2368.
    Piper sarmentosum (PS) is an herb with various medicinal properties. The antioxidant activity of PS contributes to many
    of its pharmacological effects such as anti-hypertension, anti-cancer and anti-diabetes. This systematic review provides
    information regarding the antioxidant activity of PS. The review was conducted systematically to identify relevant published
    articles on the antioxidant activity of PS. The collected data was based on the searched articles through PubMed, Science
    Direct and Scopus databases between the years 1946 until March 2018. Only articles written in English and related
    to antioxidant activity of PS were included in this review. Based on the literature searched, 130 potential articles were
    identified and 19 articles met the inclusion criteria. Ten studies related to chemical assays, five studies combined in vivo
    animal and chemical assays, three studies combined chemical assays and in vitro studies and a single study combined
    chemical assay, in vitro and in vivo studies were included in this review. All studies showed positive effects of PS against
    oxidation, indicating the potential of PS as a source of natural antioxidant.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension
  19. Inhibition of L-NAME-induced hypertension by combined treatment with apocynin and catalase: the role of Nox 4 expression
    Chia TY, Murugaiyah V, Khan NA, Sattar MA, Abdulla MH, Johns EJ, et al.
    Physiol Res, 2021 03 17;70(1):13-26.
    PMID: 33728924
    Reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as superoxide (O2-) generated by NAD(P)H oxidases have emerged as important molecules in blood pressure regulation. This study investigated the effect of apocynin and catalase on blood pressure and renal haemodynamic and excretory function in an L-NAME induced hypertension model. Forty Male Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats (n=8 per group) were treated with either: vehicle (WKY-C); L-NAME (WKY-L, 15 mg/kg/day in drinking fluid); WKY-L given apocynin to block NAD(P)H oxidase (WKY-LApo, 73 mg/kg/day in drinking water.); WKY-L given catalase to enhance ROS scavenging (WKY-LCat, 10000 U/kg/day i.p.); and WKY-L receiving apocynin plus catalase (WKY-LApoCat) daily for 14 days. L-NAME elevated systolic blood pressure (SBP), 116+/-1 to 181±4 mmHg, reduced creatinine clearance, 1.69+/-0.26 to 0.97+/-0.05 ml/min/kg and fractional sodium excretion, 0.84+/-0.09 to 0.55+/-0.09 % at day 14. Concomitantly, plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) increased six fold, while plasma total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), plasma nitric oxide (NO) and plasma total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) were decreased by 60-70 % and Nox 4 mRNA expression was increased 2-fold. Treatment with apocynin and catalase attenuated the increase in SBP and improved renal function, enhanced antioxidative stress capacity and reduced the magnitude of Nox4 mRNAs expression in the L-NAME treated rats. This study demonstrated that apocynin and catalase offset the development of L-NAME induced hypertension, renal dysfunction and reduced oxidative stress status, possibly contributed by a reduction in Nox4 expression during NOS inhibition. These findings would suggest that antioxidant compounds such as apocynin and catalase have potential in treating cardiovascular diseases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension/chemically induced; Hypertension/drug therapy*; Hypertension/physiopathology
  20. Cardiac kallikrein in hypertensive and normotensive rats with and without diabetes
    Sharma JN, Kesavarao U
    Immunopharmacology, 1996 Jun;33(1-3):341-3.
    PMID: 8856181 DOI: 10.1016/0162-3109(96)00104-x
    This study examined the effects of streptozotocin-induced diabetes on blood pressure and cardiac tissue kallikrein levels in WKYR and SHR. Streptozotocin-induced diabetes caused significant (p < 0.001) increase in SBP and DBP in WKYR and SHR as compared with their respective controls. We also observed that the active cardiac tissue kallikrein levels reduced greatly (p < 0.001) in diabetic WKYR and SHR than the normal rats. These findings suggest for the first time that the cardiac tissue kallikrein formation may have a greater role in the regulation of blood pressure and cardiac function.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hypertension/complications*; Hypertension/metabolism*; Hypertension/physiopathology
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