MyMedR

Argyrophilic nuclear organizer region and p73 expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas: Teammates or adversaries?

Venkateswaran SP, Nathan LE, Mutalik VS, Shamsuddin NH

J Oral Maxillofac Pathol, 2016 Sep-Dec;20(3):427-435.

PMID: 27721608

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) consists of squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) arising in the upper aerodigestive tract and accounts for 5% of cancers worldwide. In Malaysia, cancers of the nasopharynx, larynx, tongue and oral cavity are among the top twenty most common cancers in men. Argyrophilic nuclear organizer regions (AgNORs) are increased from normal mucosa to premalignant lesions to malignant lesions and have been associated with tumor grade and prognosis of patients. Although p73 is not mutated in human cancers, high levels of p73 expression have been associated with tumor differentiation status and patient prognosis.

Matched MeSH terms: Head and Neck Neoplasms

Fulltext Kimura Disease: A differential diagnosis in a nephrotic child

Aziz A, Mohamad I, Zawawi N

Malays Fam Physician, 2018;13(2):32-35.

PMID: 30302182

Kimura disease presents as benign lesion and is commonly present among the Asian population. It is a disease with a favourable prognosis and a peak age of onset in the third decade. It is a chronic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology that involves the lymph nodes and subcutaneous tissues of the head and neck region. We report a case of a 15-year-old boy with multiple Kimura lymphadenopathies involving the left posterior auricular region as well as the anterior and posterior triangles of the neck.

Matched MeSH terms: Head

Fulltext Second branchial arch fistula masqueraded as recurrent parotid abscess: a case report

Nurul Hana Mokhtar, Khairuddin Abdullah, Fairuz Mohd Ibrahim, Irfan Mohamad

Archives of Orofacial Sciences, 2018;13(1):50-53.

MyJurnal

Branchial apparatus anomalies usually manifest in teenage or early adult life. Infection complicates
second branchial pouch anomalies usually presented as a neck lump or discharging sinus. It is the most common
form of anomalies compared to another branchial pouch aberrant. However, it is extremely rare to find a
complete branchial fistula with both internal and external openings. Misdiagnosis usually occurs leading to
inappropriate and suboptimal treatment. Here, we report of a case of complete second branchial pouch fistula
and discuss the clinical presentation and surgical management of such lesion.

Matched MeSH terms: Head and Neck Neoplasms

Fulltext Solitary fibrous tumor of the paranasal sinus presenting as an antrochoanal polyp

Mansharan Kaur Chainchel Singh

Malaysian Journal of Medical Research, 2018;2(2):91-94.

MyJurnal

Solitary fibrous tumours (SFTs) are unusual mesenchymal tumours that were first described as primary spindle-cell neoplasms of the pleura. These tumours have been described in many other locations, including the urogenital system, orbit, mediastinum, and upper respiratory tract. These tumours are generally benign in nature, however some of them can be locally invasive and have the potential to be malignant. Although about 12%-15% of them occur in the head and neck area, SFT of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses are extremely rare. We present a case of a solitary fibrous tumour arising from the right maxillary sinus in a 50 year old Chinese man.

Matched MeSH terms: Head

Anochetus Maryatiae, a new Species of ponerinae (hymenoptera: formicidae)

Nuril Aida K, Idris A

Sains Malaysiana, 2011;40.

Anochetus maryatiae, a new species of Formicidae from the subfamily Ponerinae, tribe Ponerini from Ulu Gombak is described and illustrated. This ant genus was last studied in Malaysia by Brown in 1978. Observations were made on morphometric characters which included parameter measurements of total length, head length, head width, mandible length, scape length, antenna length, maximum eye length, oculomandibular distance, funicular length segment 1 to 4, pronotum width, propodeum height, petiole length, petiole height, dorsal petiole width, cephalix index and mandibular index. It was followed by a brief diagnosis, description of morphological structure, microsculpture, pilosity and discussion. Although it has resemblance with Anochetus tua, it could be easily distinguished from other species in having reticulate pronotum. This is the only species from Malaysia with such microsculpture on the pronotum. In addition to that, A. maryatie varies with A. tua in having smaller total length, less than 7.5 mm and lighter colour.

Matched MeSH terms: Head

Evaluation of a pilot community-based bicycle helmet promotion program in Malaysia

Krishnan R, Cheng OT, Amar Singh HSS, Wong WY, Yip RCW, Shamini V

Family Physician, 1996;9:17-22.

Bicycle fatalities constituted 5% of road fatalities in 1995. A helmet, properly worn, is the most effective measure to prevent head injury to a cyclist in the event of a crash. We studied the knowledge, attitude and practice of children in two secondary schools (Ipoh and Kulim) with respect to bicycle helmet use before instituting a program for helmet use. Although there were no major differences in knowledge, attitude and practice of students in the two groups, children in the Ipoh program failed to wear helmets while the children in the Kulim program complied over a one year period. The main reason for failure of the helmet progranl in Ipoh were negative peer influence. The Kulim helmet program was integrated with a bicycle safety course conducted by dedicated teachers. The quasi experimental study resulted in increased awareness of the importance of bicycle helmets among school children in Kulim Keywords: Bicycle helmet, road traffic injury, prevention.

Matched MeSH terms: Head Protective Devices

Fulltext Scanning Electron Microscopy Study of Retrieved Implants Suggests a Ratcheting Mechanism Behind Medial Migration in Cephalomedullary Nailing of Hip Fractures

Law GW, Koh J, Yew A, Howe TS

Malays Orthop J, 2020 Mar;14(1):7-17.

PMID: 32296476 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.2003.002

Introduction: Medial migration is the paradoxical migration of the femoral neck element (FNE) superomedially against gravity with respect to the intramedullary component of the cephalomedullary device, increasingly seen in the management of pertrochanteric hip fractures with the intramedullary nail. We postulate that the peculiar anti-gravity movement of the FNE in the medial migration phenomenon stems from a ratcheting mechanism at the intramedullary nail-FNE interface, which should inadvertently produce unique wear patterns on the FNE that can be seen with high-powered microscopy. By examining the wear patterns on retrieved implants from patients with medial migration, our study aims to draw clinical correlations to the ratcheting mechanism hypothesis.

Material and Methods: Four FNEs were retrieved from revision surgeries of four patients with prior intramedullary nail fixation of their pertrochanteric hip fractures complicated by femoral head perforation. The FNEs were divided into two groups based on whether or not there was radiographic evidence of medial migration prior to the revisions. Wear patterns on the FNEs were then assessed using both scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy.

Results: Repetitive, linearly-arranged, regularly-spaced, unique transverse scratch marks were found only in the group with medial migration, corresponding to the specific segment of the FNE that passed through the intramedullary component of the PFNA during medial migration. These scratch marks were absent in the group without medial migration.

Conclusion: Our findings are in support of a ratcheting mechanism behind the medial migration phenomenon with repetitive toggling at the intramedullary nail-FNE interface and progressive propagation of the FNE against gravity.

Matched MeSH terms: Femur Head

Pattern of head injury in motorcycle fatalities

Ong BB, Krishnan R, Lee P

JUMMEC, 2000;5:33-35.

Head injury contributes to a significant proportion of motorcycle fatalities. The site and pattern of head injury in victims of fatal motorcycle crashes in 1995 were studied retrospectively. The site of impact on the head was determined based on the injuries on the scalp, pattern of skull fractures and injuries of the brain. Of 54 cases, 9 had massive crush injuries. Of the remaining 45 cases, the site of impact was as follows: frontal 21, lateral 14, posterior 4, vertex 1, chin 1 and unascertainable in 4 cases. The majority of injuries occurred on the front and lateral aspects of the skull. Motorcycle helmets are currently tested for impact energy attenuation and penetration test at the vertex. Helmet standards need to take into account site and nature of injury. KEYWORDS: Head injury, motorcycle fatalities, helmet standards.

Matched MeSH terms: Head

Fulltext Properties of chicken head gelatins as affected by extraction method

Ee, S.C., Saari, N., Abas, F., Ismail, A., Abu Bakar, M.K., Bakar, J.

International Food Research Journal, 2019;26(2):499-508.

MyJurnal

Malaysia is a surplus poultry producing country with well-established commercial slaughtering and processing plants. Immense quantity of heads, feet, viscera, blood and feathers are usually discarded and not optimally utilized. Chicken heads are rich in protein, and could be a potential source of gelatin. The aim of the present work was therefore to find a simpler, faster, cheaper and greener gelatin extraction technology as compared to current available methods of gelatin extraction from poultry heads. A comparison of three different gelatin extraction methods with alkaline-acid pretreatment (E1), single acid pretreatment (E2) and single alkaline pretreatment (E3) were studied to extract gelatin from chicken heads. E1 and E2 produced gelatins of Type A, while E3 produced gelatin of Type B. High bloom gelatin (>300 g) with

Matched MeSH terms: Head

Fulltext CT brain image advancement for ICH diagnosis

Shaik Amir NS, Kang LZ, Mukari SA, Sahathevan R, Chellappan K

Healthc Technol Lett, 2020 Feb;7(1):1-6.

PMID: 32190334 DOI: 10.1049/htl.2018.5003

A critical step in detection of primary intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) is an accurate assessment of computed tomography (CT) brain images. The correct diagnosis relies on imaging modality and quality of acquired images. The authors present an enhancement algorithm which can improve the clarity of edges on CT images. About 40 samples of CT brain images with final diagnosis of primary ICH were obtained from the UKM Medical Centre in Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine format. The images resized from 512 × 512 to 256 × 256 pixel resolution to reduce processing time. This Letter comprises of two main sections; the first is denoising using Wiener filter, non-local means and wavelet; the second section focuses on image enhancement using a modified unsharp masking (UM) algorithm to improve the visualisation of ICH. The combined approach of Wiener filter and modified UM algorithm outperforms other combinations with average values of mean square error, peak signal-to-noise ratio, variance and structural similarity index of 2.89, 31.72, 0.12 and 0.98, respectively. The reliability of proposed algorithm was evaluated by three blinded assessors which achieved a median score of 65%. This approach provides reliable validation for the proposed algorithm which has potential in improving image analysis.

Matched MeSH terms: Head

Fulltext Predictors of osteoradionecrosis following irradiated tooth extraction

Khoo SC, Nabil S, Fauzi AA, Yunus SSM, Ngeow WC, Ramli R

Radiat Oncol, 2021 Jul 14;16(1):130.

PMID: 34261515 DOI: 10.1186/s13014-021-01851-0

BACKGROUND: Tooth extraction post radiotherapy is one of the most important risk factors of osteoradionecrosis of the jawbones. The objective of this study was to determine the predictors of osteoradionecrosis (ORN) which were associated with a dental extraction post radiotherapy.

METHODS: A retrospective analysis of medical records and dental panoramic tomogram (DPT) of patients with a history of head and neck radiotherapy who underwent dental extraction between August 2005 to October 2019 was conducted.

RESULTS: Seventy-three patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. 16 (21.9%) had ORN post dental extraction and 389 teeth were extracted. 33 sockets (8.5%) developed ORN. Univariate analyses showed significant associations with ORN for the following factors: tooth type, tooth pathology, surgical procedure, primary closure, target volume, total dose, timing of extraction post radiotherapy, bony changes at extraction site and visibility of lower and upper cortical line of mandibular canal. Using multivariate analysis, the odds of developing an ORN from a surgical procedure was 6.50 (CI 1.37-30.91, p = 0.02). Dental extraction of more than 5 years after radiotherapy and invisible upper cortical line of mandibular canal on the DPT have the odds of 0.06 (CI 0.01-0.25, p

Matched MeSH terms: Head and Neck Neoplasms/complications; Head and Neck Neoplasms/epidemiology; Head and Neck Neoplasms/radiotherapy*

Paediatric effective radiation doses during brain computed tomography angiography procedure

Salah H, Rabbaa M, Abuljoud M, Babikir E, Alkhorayef M, Tamam N, et al.

Appl Radiat Isot, 2023 Feb;192:110610.

PMID: 36525913 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2022.110610

In comparison to adults and paediatric are more sensitive to ionizing radiation exposure. Computed tomography (CT) is now the dominant source of medical radiologic tests for patients, accounting for more than 70% of total doses to the general public. Paediatric CT brain scans (with and without contrast) are routinely performed for a variety of clinical reasons. As a result, this parameter must be calculated in order to determine relative radiation risk. The goal of this study is to assess the radiation risk to children during CT brain diagnostic procedures. Three hundred fifty three child patients' radiation risk doses were assessed over the course of a year. The mean and ranged of the children's radiation doses were 40.6 ± 8.8 (27.8-45.8) CTDIvol (mGy) and 850 ± 230 (568.1-1126.4) DLP (mGy.cm) for the brain with contrast medium. For CT brain without contrast, the patients' doses were 40.9 ± 9.4 (14.27-64.07) CTDIvol (mGy), and 866.1 ± 289.3 (203.6-2484.9) DLP (mGy.cm). The characteristics related to the radiation dose were retrieved from the scan protocol generated by the CT system by the participating physicians after each procedure. Furthermore, optimizing the CT acquisition parameter is critical for increasing the benefit while lowering the procedure's radiogenic risk. The patients' radiation dose is comparable with the most previously published studies and international diagnostic reference levels (DRLs). Radiation dose optimization is recommended due to high sensitivity of the paediatric patients to ionizing radiation.

Matched MeSH terms: Head

Fulltext Dopamine-secreting phaeochromocytomas and paragangliomas: clinical features and management

Foo SH, Chan SP, Ananda V, Rajasingam V

Singapore Med J, 2010 May;51(5):e89-93.

PMID: 20593136

Most functional phaeochromocytomas/paragangliomas produce noradrenaline and/or adrenaline. Those that produce dopamine are rare. We describe the distinguishing clinical features of dopamine-secreting phaeochromocytomas and paragangliomas from those that secrete noradrenaline/adrenaline and the impact on their management. We present a case of a dopamine-secreting paraganglioma from our institution and review 14 case reports of dopamine-secreting phaeochromocytomas/paragangliomas published between 1984 and 2008. As observed in the literature, 80% of the tumours were extra-adrenal. Most patients presented with non-specific symptoms or mass effect without the classical presentation of catecholamine excess. The majority were diagnosed with urinary or plasma dopamine. Five patients had malignant tumours and 12 patients underwent surgical resection of the primary tumours. Unlike noradrenaline/adrenaline-secreting phaeochromocytomas/paragangliomas, dopamine-secreting tumours lack a classical presentation, are extra-adrenal and have a higher malignant potential. A routine inclusion of urinary or plasma dopamine as part of catecholamine screening in all suspected phaeochromocytomas and paragangliomas is recommended.

Matched MeSH terms: Head and Neck Neoplasms/diagnosis; Head and Neck Neoplasms/secretion; Head and Neck Neoplasms/surgery

Fulltext An outcome of Surgically Treated Head and Neck Cancer in one of the tertiary Referral Center in the East Coast of Malaysia: A 6-year Retrospective Analysis

Abdullah K, Raja Lope Ahmad RA, Asha'ari ZA, Razali MS, Leman WI

Malays J Med Sci, 2014 Jul;21(4):28-36.

PMID: 25977619 MyJurnal

Surgical management of head and neck cancer is undoubtedly challenging, and we would like to see the outcome of managing such cases at one of the tertiary referral center in the East Coast of Malaysia.

Matched MeSH terms: Head and Neck Neoplasms

Fulltext Metamaterial-Embedded Low SAR PIFA for Cellular Phone

Faruque MR, Hossain MI, Misran N, Singh M, Islam MT

PLoS One, 2015;10(11):e0142663.

PMID: 26599584 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142663

A metamaterial-embedded planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) is proposed in this study for cellular phone applications. A dual-band PIFA is designed to operate both GSM 900 MHz and DCS 1800 MHz. The ground plane of a conventional PIFA is modified using a planar one-dimensional metamaterial array. The investigation is performed using the Finite Integration Technique (FIT) of CST Microwave Studio. The performance of the developed antenna was measured in an anechoic chamber. The specific absorption rate (SAR) values are calculated considering two different holding positions: cheek and tilt. The SAR values are measured using COMOSAR measurement system. Good agreement is observed between the simulated and measured data. The results indicate that the proposed metamaterial-embedded antenna produces significantly lower SAR in the human head compared to the conventional PIFA. Moreover, the modified antenna substrate leads to slight improvement of the antenna performances.

Matched MeSH terms: Head/radiation effects*

Role of miRNA in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Masood Y, Kqueen CY, Rajadurai P

Expert Rev Anticancer Ther, 2015 Feb;15(2):183-97.

PMID: 25367254 DOI: 10.1586/14737140.2015.978294

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common malignancy worldwide. Evidence suggests that miRNAs play an important role in progression, recurrence, metastasis and postoperative survival of HNSCC. Studies have investigated the utility of miRNAs as diagnostic/prognostic tools and as potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers that may improve the management and outcomes of HNSCC. The aim of this article is to review the current literature on aberrant expression profiles of miRNAs in biopsy samples of HNSCC and their role in cancer development, metastasis, prognosis and survival of these patients. This review gives an overview that miRNAs deregulation play major role in the development of HNSCC. They offer the potential to be used as biomarkers or novel therapeutic targets. Future research is required to test their use in both of these fields.

Matched MeSH terms: Head and Neck Neoplasms/genetics*

Clinical evaluation of the anterior translation of glenohumeral joint using ultrasonography: an intra- and inter-rater reliability study

Joseph LH, Hussain RI, Pirunsan U, Naicker AS, Htwe O, Paungmali A

Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc, 2014;48(2):169-74.

PMID: 24747625 DOI: 10.3944/AOTT.2014.3184

The aim of this study was to investigate the intra- and inter-rater reliability of ultrasonography (US) to measure anterior translation of the humeral head (ATHH) among healthy subjects and patients with sacroiliac joint dysfunction.

Matched MeSH terms: Humeral Head/ultrasonography*

Fulltext Slipped upper femoral epiphysis: a case of missed diagnosis

Maj MK, Ar AH, Das S

Chang Gung Med J, 2011;34(6 Suppl):13-6.

PMID: 22490452

A slipped upper femoral epiphysis (SUFE) is a known hip disorder in adolescents in which the proximal femoral epiphysis slips and displaces relative to the metaphysis. We report an obese 12-year-old boy who presented with acute pain in the left hip after a fall. He was otherwise healthy with no prior joint pain. Pelvic radiography was misread twice before a second fall led to a severe SUFE.

Matched MeSH terms: Femur Head/radiography*

Susuk

Alhamad T

Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2011 Aug 15;184(4):484.

PMID: 21844517 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201012-2018IM

Matched MeSH terms: Head/radiography; Headache/radiography*

Recurrent bilateral orbital myositis: case report and review of the literature

Abd-Rashid R, Hussein A, Yunus R, Naik VR, Shatriah I

Ann Trop Paediatr, 2011;31(2):173-80.

PMID: 21575325 DOI: 10.1179/1465328111Y.0000000004

Orbital myositis in children is uncommon. Recurrence is a major challenge in management. An 11-year-old Malay girl who presented with bilateral orbital myositis with recurrent attacks of diplopia is reported.

Matched MeSH terms: Head/radiography

Displaying publications 161 - 180 of 296 in total