Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 38 in total

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  1. Teoh SL, Latiff AA, Das S
    Clin Ter, 2009;160(4):283-6.
    PMID: 19795081
    Aim: Diabetic liver is associated with biochemical, physiological and pathological changes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the histological changes following administration of Momordica charantia (MC) in the streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats.

    Materials and methods: Eighteen Sprague-Dawley rats (n=18) were taken for this study. The animals were divided into 3 groups:- non-diabetic (n=6), untreated diabetic (n=6) and diabetic treated with MC extract (n=6). Diabetes was induced in the experimental rats via intravenous injection of streptozotocin (45 mg/kg body weight). MC extract (50 mg/kg body weight) was administered orally to the treated diabetic rats 10 days following induction. The liver tissues were collected on the 10th day following treatment and the histological study was performed using different staining methods which included hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), Verhoeff's van Gieson (VvG) and periodic acid Schiff (PAS).

    Results: The liver of the diabetic rats showed involvement of the hepatocytes with features of inflammation. The portal triad in the diabetic liver showed extensive involvement in terms of accumulation of mucopolysaccharide deposits. Liver damage in the diabetic animals showed features of healing with administration of the MC extract.

    Conclusions: The MC extract due to its antioxidant role may be helpful in reversing the changes in the liver in diabetes mellitus.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology*
  2. Bera H, Kumar S, Maiti S
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2018 Oct 15;118(Pt A):149-159.
    PMID: 29932998 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.06.085
    Olive oil-entrapped diethanolamine-modified high-methoxyl pectin (DMP)-gellan gum (GG)-bionanofiller composites were developed for controlled intragastric delivery of metformin HCl (MFM). DMP had a degree of amidation of 48.7% and was characterized further by FTIR, XRD and DSC analyses. MFM-loaded composites were subsequently accomplished by green synthesis via ionotropic gelation technique using zinc acetate as cross-linker. The thermal, X-ray and infrared analyses suggested an environment in the composites compatible with the drug, except certain degree of attenuation in drug's crystallinity. Scanning electron microscopy revealed almost spherical shape of the composites. Depending upon the mass ratios of GG:DMP, types of nanofiller (neusilin/bentonite/Florite) and oil inclusion, the composites exhibited variable drug encapsulation efficiency (DEE, 50-85%) and extended drug release behaviours (Q8h, 69-94%) in acetate buffer (pH 4.5). The optimized oil-entrapped Florite R NF/GG: DMP (1:1) composites eluted MFM via case-II transport mechanism and its drug release data was best fitted in zero-order kinetic model. The optimized formulation demonstrated excellent gastroretentive properties and substantial hypoglycemic effect in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. These novel hybrid matrices were thus found suitable for controlled intragastric delivery of MFM for the management of type 2 diabetes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
  3. Adam SH, Giribabu N, Rao PV, Sayem AS, Arya A, Panichayupakaranant P, et al.
    Eur J Pharmacol, 2016 Jan 15;771:173-90.
    PMID: 26703866 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.12.028
    Effect of Rhinacanthin C on hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidemia and pancreatic dysfunction in diabetes was investigated. In-vitro effect of Rhinacanthin C on glucose uptake was studied in 3T3-L1 cell line. Meanwhile, in-vivo effect of 28-days treatment with 5mg/kg/day or 20mg/kg/day Rhinacanthin C was studied in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced male diabetic rats. Following completion of treatment, fasting blood glucose (FBG), HbA1c, insulin and lipid profile levels were measured by biochemical assays. Histopathological changes in pancreas were observed by light microscopy while levels of pancreatic oxidative stress were determined by enzymatic assays. Expression of insulin, TNFα, Ikkβ and caspase-3 in pancreas were quantified by immunohistochemistry. Molecular docking was used to identify interactions between Rhinacathin C with SOD or GPx enzymes. Dose-dependent increase in glucose uptake was observed with increasing doses of Rhinacathin C. Plasma FBG, HbA1c and lipid profile except LDL levels and pancreatic malonaldehyde level were reduced but serum insulin and pancreatic anti-oxidative enzymes (SOD, CAT and GPx) levels were increased in diabetic rats receiving Rhinacanthin C treatment. Decreased pancreatic histopathological changes with higher pancreatic insulin and Glut-2 levels but lower TNFα, Ikkβ and caspase-3 levels were observed in diabetic rats receiving Rhinacanthin C (P<0.05 compared to non-treated diabetic rats). In diabetic rats which received Rhinacathin C, changes in the above parameters did not achieve the value in non-diabetic rats. Docking shows Rhinacathin C possesses high degree interactions with SOD and GPx. By possessing these effects, Rhinacanthin C could be used as agent to alleviate pancreatic and other complications in diabetes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology*
  4. Abas R, Othman F, Thent ZC
    Oxid Med Cell Longev, 2014;2014:429060.
    PMID: 25371774 DOI: 10.1155/2014/429060
    In diabetes mellitus, cardiac fibrosis is characterized by increase in the deposition of collagen fibers. The present study aimed to observe the effect of Momordica charantia (MC) fruit extract on hyperglycaemia-induced cardiac fibrosis. Diabetes was induced in the male Sprague-Dawley rats with a single intravenous injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Following 4 weeks of STZ induction, the rats were subdivided (n = 6) into control group (Ctrl), control group treated with MC (Ctrl-MC), diabetic untreated group (DM-Ctrl), diabetic group treated with MC (DM-MC), and diabetic group treated with 150 mg/kg of metformin (DM-Met). Administration of MC fruit extract (1.5 g/kg body weight) in diabetic rats for 28 days showed significant increase in the body weight and decrease in the fasting blood glucose level. Significant increase in cardiac tissues superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione contents (GSH), and catalase (CAT) was observed following MC treatment. Hydroxyproline content was significantly reduced and associated morphological damages reverted to normal. The decreased expression of type III and type IV collagens was observed under immunohistochemical staining. It is concluded that MC fruit extract possesses antihyperglycemic, antioxidative, and cardioprotective properties which may be beneficial in the treatment of diabetic cardiac fibrosis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology*
  5. Erejuwa OO, Omotayo EO, Gurtu S, Sulaiman SA, Ab Wahab MS, Sirajudeen KN, et al.
    Int J Vitam Nutr Res, 2010 Jan;80(1):74-82.
    PMID: 20533247 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000008
    Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the development of diabetic complications. The aims of this study were to investigate whether honey could reduce hyperglycemia and ameliorate oxidative stress in kidneys of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
  6. Teoh SL, Latiff AA, Das S
    Clin Exp Dermatol, 2009 Oct;34(7):815-22.
    PMID: 19508570 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2008.03117.x
    Momordica charantia (MC; bitter gourd) is a traditional herb commonly used for its antidiabetic, antioxidant, contraceptive and antibacterial properties. It is also used for the rapid healing of wounds.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
  7. Hassan Z, Sattar MZ, Suhaimi FW, Yusoff NH, Abdulla MH, Yusof AP, et al.
    Acta Neurol Belg, 2013 Sep;113(3):319-25.
    PMID: 23242937 DOI: 10.1007/s13760-012-0165-3
    The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is involved in the regulation of sympathetic outflow and particularly affects the heart. This study sets out to determine the role of GABA of the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in cardiovascular regulation in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Pharmacological stimulation of glutamatergic receptors with DL-Homocysteic acid (200 mM in 100 nL) in the PVN region showed a significant depression in both mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) of diabetic rats (Diabetic vs. non-diabetic: MAP 15.0 ± 1.5 vs. 35.8 ± 2.8 mmHg; HR 3.0 ± 2.0 vs. 30.0 ± 6.0 bpm, P < 0.05). Microinjection of bicuculline methiodide (1 mM in 100 nL), a GABAA receptor antagonist, produced an increase in baseline MAP and HR in both non-diabetic and diabetic rats. In the diabetic rats, bicuculline injection into the PVN reduced the pressor and HR responses (Diabetic vs. non-diabetic: MAP 6.2 ± 0.8 vs. 25.1 ± 2.2 mmHg; HR 1.8 ± 1.1 vs. 25.4 ± 6.2 bpm, P < 0.05). A microinjection of muscimol (2 mM in 100 nL), which is a GABAA receptor agonist, in the PVN elicited decreases in MAP and HR in both groups. The diabetic group showed a significantly blunted reduction in HR, but not MAP (Diabetic vs. non-diabetic: MAP -15.7 ± 4.0 vs. -25.0 ± 3.8 mmHg; HR -5.2 ± 2.1 vs. -39.1 ± 7.9 bpm). The blunted vasopressor and tachycardic responses to bicuculline microinjection in the diabetic rats are likely to result from decreased GABAergic inputs, attenuated release of endogenous GABA or alterations in GABAA receptors within the PVN.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology*
  8. Musalmah M, Nizrana MY, Fairuz AH, NoorAini AH, Azian AL, Gapor MT, et al.
    Lipids, 2005 Jun;40(6):575-80.
    PMID: 16149736
    The effect of supplementing 200 mg/kg body weight palm vitamin E (PVE) and 200 mg/kg body weight alpha-tocopherol (alpha-Toc) on the healing of wounds in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats was evaluated. The antioxidant potencies of these two preparations of vitamin E were also evaluated by determining the antioxidant enzyme activities, namely, glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the healing of dermal wounds. Healing was evaluated by measuring wound contractions and protein contents in the healing wounds. Cellular redistribution and collagen deposition were assessed morphologically using cross-sections of paraffin-embedded day-10 wounds stained according to the Van Gieson method. GPx and SOD activities as well as MDA levels were determined in homogenates of day-10 dermal wounds. Results showed that PVE had a greater potency to enhance wound repair and induce the increase in free radical-scavenging enzyme activities than alpha-Toc. Both PVE and alpha-Toc, however, were potent antioxidants and significantly reduced the lipid peroxidation levels in the wounds as measured by the reduction in MDA levels.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
  9. Aziz MSA, Giribabu N, Rao PV, Salleh N
    Biomed Pharmacother, 2017 May;89:135-145.
    PMID: 28222394 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.02.026
    Stingless bee honey (SLBH) has been claimed to possess multiple health benefits. Its anti-diabetic properties are however unknown. In this study, ability of SLBH from Geniotrigona thoracica stingless bee species in ameliorating pancreatic damage and in maintaining metabolic profiles were investigated in diabetic condition.

    METHODS: SLBH at 1 and 2g/kg/b.w. was given orally to streptozotocin (STZ)-nicotinamide-induced male diabetic rats for 28days. Metabolic parameters (fasting blood glucose-FBG and lipid profiles-LP and serum insulin) were measured by biochemical assays. Distribution and expression level of insulin, oxidative stress marker i.e. catalase, inflammatory markers i.e. IKK-β, TNF-α, IL-1β and apoptosis marker i.e. caspase-9 in the pancreatic islets were identified and quantified respectively by immunohistochemistry. Levels of NF-κβ in pancreas were determined by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA).

    RESULTS: SLBH administration to diabetic male rats prevented increase in FBG, total cholesterols (TC), triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein (LDL) levels. However, high density lipoprotein (HDL) and serum insulin levels in diabetic rats receiving SLBH increased. Additionally, histopathological changes and expression level of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis markers in pancreatic islets of diabetic rats decreased with increased expression level of insulin in the islets. LC-MS analysis revealed the presence of several compounds in SLBH that might be responsible for these effects.

    CONCLUSIONS: SLBH has great potential to be used as agent to protect the pancreas against damage and dysfunction where these could account for its anti-diabetic properties.

    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
  10. Nna VU, Bakar ABA, Mohamed M
    Life Sci, 2018 Oct 15;211:40-50.
    PMID: 30205096 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.09.018
    AIMS: Hepatic oxidative stress and weak antioxidant defence system resulting in hepatic lesion, has been reported in diabetic rats. The present study investigated the possible hepatoprotective effects of Malaysian propolis (MP) in diabetic rats, on the background that MP has been reported to have anti-hyperglycemic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, namely: normal control (NC), diabetic control (DC), diabetic on 300 mg/kg b.w. MP, diabetic on 300 mg/kg b.w. metformin, and diabetic on MP and metformin combined therapy. Treatment was done orally for 4 weeks, and NC and DC groups received distilled water as vehicle.

    KEY FINDINGS: Results showed increased fasting blood glucose and serum markers of hepatic lesion (aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, alanine aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyl transferase), increased hepatic lactate dehydrogenase activity, decreased hepatic superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase and glutathione reductase activities, increased immunoexpressions of nuclear factor kappa B, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin(IL)-1β and caspase-3, and decreased immunoexpressions of IL-10 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen in the liver of DC group. Histopathology of the liver revealed numerous hepatocytes with pyknotic nuclei and inflammatory infiltration, while periodic acid-schiff staining decreased in the liver of DC group. Treatment with MP attenuated these negative effects and was comparable to metformin. Furthermore, these effects were better attenuated in the combined therapy-treated diabetic rats.

    SIGNIFICANCE: Malaysian propolis attenuates hepatic lesion in DM and exerts a synergistic protective effect with the anti-hyperglycemic medication, metformin.

    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
  11. Osman M, Adnan A, Salmah Bakar N, Alashkham F
    Pol J Pathol, 2012 Dec;63(4):248-54.
    PMID: 23359194 DOI: 10.5114/pjp.2012.32772
    The research purpose was to experimentally investigate the effect of allicin administration on the levels of main type 1 diabetes (IDDM) autoantibodies which are anti-islet cell antibodies (ICA) with an attempt to find a relation between this immunological effect and histological and/or biochemical findings. We have evaluated, with the help of ELISA kits, the levels of ICA and serum insulin in male Sprague-Dawley rats with Streptozotocin-induced IDDM in addition to pancreatic histological findings. The four groups (6 rats each) under study received or not different intraperitoneal doses of allicin for a period of 30 days. Daily intraperitoneal administration of allicin (either at as low dose of 8 mg/kg or high dose of 16 mg/kg) for up to 30 days to type 1 diabetic rats effectively reduces levels of anti-islet cell antibodies and in addition, reduced the level of insulin due to damaged Langerhans islet cell was significantly increased in the serum due to a repairing tissue process in pancreatic tissues. These experimental results suggest that allicin treatment has a therapeutic protective effect against autoimmune reactions occurring in IDDM. The data may provide new strategies for using allicin to be recommended as an excellent candidate in the clinical management, control, and prevention of IDDM.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
  12. Thent ZC, Lin TS, Das S, Zakaria Z
    PMID: 23983373
    Cardiovascular complications are one of the major causes of death in diabetes mellitus. Piper sarmentosum (P.s) is an herb that possesses antihyperglycaemic effects. The main aim of the study was to observe the histological changes in the heart and the proximal aorta of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats following P.s administration. Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats (n=24) were equally randomized into four groups: control group supplemented with normal saline (C); control group supplemented with P.s (CTx) ; diabetic group supplemented with normal saline (D) and, diabetic group supplemented with P.s (DTx). Diabetes was induced by STZ (50mg/kg body weight) intramuscularly. P.s extract (0.125g/kg) was administered orally for 28 days, following four weeks of STZ induction. The cardiac and aortic tissues were collected and processed under different stains: Haematoxylin and Eosin (H & E), Verhoeff-Van Gieson (VVG), Masson's Trichome (MT) and Periodic Acid- Schiff (PAS). There were abnormal cardiomyocytes nuclei, disarray of myofibres and increase in connective tissue deposits in cardiac tissues of the diabetic untreated group. The thickness of tunica media and ratio of tunica intima to media were found to be significantly increased in the aorta of diabetic untreated group (P < 0.05) compared to the control group. There were degenerative changes in the proximal aorta in diabetic untreated groups. All the histological damages of cardiac and aortic tissues were found to be lesser in the diabetic treated groups. Supplementation with P.s extract prevented the oxidative damage arising from diabetes mellitus, and reduced its complications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
  13. Salman IM, Ameer OZ, Sattar MA, Abdullah NA, Yam MF, Najim HS, et al.
    J Nephrol, 2010 5 4;24(1):68-77.
    PMID: 20437405 DOI: 10.5301/jn.2010.6
    BACKGROUND: Renal sympathetic innervation plays an important role in the control of renal hemodynamics and may therefore contribute to the pathophysiology of many disease states affecting the kidney. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the role of the renal sympathetic nervous system in the early deteriorations of renal hemodynamics and structure in rats with pathophysiological states of renal impairment.

    METHODS: Anesthetized Sprague Dawley (SD) rats with cisplatin-induced acute renal failure (ARF) or streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes mellitus (DM) were subjected to a renal hemodynamic study 7 days after cisplatin and STZ administration. During the acute study, renal nerves were electrically stimulated, and responses in renal blood flow (RBF) and renal vascular resistance (RVR) were recorded in the presence and absence of renal denervation. Post mortem kidney collection was performed for histopathological assessment.

    RESULTS: In innervated ARF or DM rats, renal nerve stimulation produced significantly lower (all p<0.05, vs. innervated control) renal vasoconstrictor responses. These responses were markedly abolished when renal denervation was performed (all p<0.05); however, they appeared significantly higher compared with denervated controls (all p<0.05). Kidney injury was suppressed in denervated ARF, while, irrespective of renal denervation, renal specimens from DM rats were comparable to controls.

    CONCLUSIONS: Renal sympathoexcitation is involved in the pathogenesis of the renal impairment accompanying ARF and DM, and may even precede the establishment of an observable renal injury. There is a possible enhancement in the renal sensitivity to intrarenal norepinephrine following renal denervation in ARF and DM rats.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
  14. Budin SB, Othman F, Louis SR, Bakar MA, Das S, Mohamed J
    Clinics (Sao Paulo), 2009;64(3):235-44.
    PMID: 19330251
    OBJECTIVE: This study examined the effects of palm oil tocotrienol-rich fractions on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

    METHODS: Animals were divided into three groups: (i) normal non-diabetic (NDM), (ii) diabetic treated (tocotrienol-rich fractions - TRF) and (iii) diabetic untreated (non-TRF). The treatment group received oral administration of tocotrienol-rich fractions (200 mg/kg body weight) daily for eight weeks. The normal non-diabetic and the diabetic untreated groups were fed standard rat feed. Blood glucose and lipid profiles, oxidative stress markers and morphological changes of the thoracic aorta were evaluated.

    RESULTS: Tocotrienol-rich fractions treatment reduced serum glucose and glycated hemoglobin concentrations. The tocotrienol-rich fractions group also showed significantly lower levels of plasma total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triglyceride, as compared to the untreated group. The tocotrienol-rich fractions group had higher levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, as compared to the untreated group. Superoxide dismutase activity and levels of vitamin C in plasma were increased in tocotrienol-rich fractions-treated rats. The levels of plasma and aorta malondealdehyde + 4-hydroxynonenal (MDA + 4-HNE) and oxidative DNA damage were significant following tocotrienol-rich fractions treatment. Electron microscopic examination showed that the normal morphology of the thoracic aorta was disrupted in STZ-diabetic rats. Tocotrienol-rich fractions supplementation resulted in a protective effect on the vessel wall.

    CONCLUSION: These results show that tocotrienol-rich fractions lowers the blood glucose level and improves dyslipidemia. Levels of oxidative stress markers were also reduced by administration of tocotrienol-rich fractions. Vessel wall integrity was maintained due to the positive effects mediated by tocotrienol-rich fractions.

    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
  15. Erejuwa OO, Sulaiman SA, Wahab MS, Salam SK, Salleh MS, Gurtu S
    Int J Mol Sci, 2010 May 05;11(5):2056-66.
    PMID: 20559501 DOI: 10.3390/ijms11052056
    Hyperglycemia exerts toxic effects on the pancreatic beta-cells. This study investigated the hypothesis that the common antidiabetic drugs glibenclamide and metformin, in combination with tualang honey, offer additional protection for the pancreas of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats against oxidative stress and damage. Diabetes was induced in male Sprague Dawley rats by a single dose of STZ (60 mg/kg; ip). Diabetic rats had significantly elevated levels of lipid peroxidation (TBARS), up-regulated activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) while catalase (CAT) activity was significantly reduced. Glibenclamide and metformin produced no significant effects on TBARS and antioxidant enzymes except GPx in diabetic rats. In contrast, the combination of glibenclamide, metformin and honey significantly up-regulated CAT activity and down-regulated GPx activity while TBARS levels were significantly reduced. These findings suggest that tualang honey potentiates the effect of glibenclamide and metformin to protect diabetic rat pancreas against oxidative stress and damage.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
  16. Chai HJ, Kiew LV, Chin Y, Norazit A, Mohd Noor S, Lo YL, et al.
    Int J Nanomedicine, 2017;12:577-591.
    PMID: 28144140 DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S111284
    BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Poly-l-glutamic acid (PG) has been used widely as a carrier to deliver anticancer chemotherapeutics. This study evaluates PG as a selective renal drug carrier.

    EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: 3H-deoxycytidine-labeled PGs (17 or 41 kDa) and 3H-deoxycytidine were administered intravenously to normal rats and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. The biodistribution of these compounds was determined over 24 h. Accumulation of PG in normal kidneys was also tracked using 5-(aminoacetamido) fluorescein (fluoresceinyl glycine amide)-labeled PG (PG-AF). To evaluate the potential of PGs in ferrying renal protective anti-oxidative stress compounds, the model drug 4-(2-aminoethyl)benzenesulfonyl fluoride hydrochloride (AEBSF) was conjugated to 41 kDa PG to form PG-AEBSF. PG-AEBSF was then characterized and evaluated for intracellular anti-oxidative stress efficacy (relative to free AEBSF).

    RESULTS: In the normal rat kidneys, 17 kDa radiolabeled PG (PG-Tr) presents a 7-fold higher, while 41 kDa PG-Tr shows a 15-fold higher renal accumulation than the free radiolabel after 24 h post injection. The accumulation of PG-AF was primarily found in the renal tubular tissues at 2 and 6 h after an intravenous administration. In the diabetic (oxidative stress-induced) kidneys, 41 kDa PG-Tr showed the greatest renal accumulation of 8-fold higher than the free compound 24 h post dose. Meanwhile, the synthesized PG-AEBSF was found to inhibit intracellular nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (a reactive oxygen species generator) at an efficiency that is comparable to that of free AEBSF. This indicates the preservation of the anti-oxidative stress properties of AEBSF in the conjugated state.

    CONCLUSION/IMPLICATIONS: The favorable accumulation property of 41 kDa PG in normal and oxidative stress-induced kidneys, along with its capabilities in conserving the pharmacological properties of the conjugated renal protective drugs, supports its role as a potential renal targeting drug carrier.

    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology*
  17. Al-Obaidi MM, Al-Bayaty FH, Al Batran R, Hussaini J, Khor GH
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:908098.
    PMID: 25485304 DOI: 10.1155/2014/908098
    To estimate the impact of ellagic acid (EA) towards healing tooth socket in diabetic animals, after tooth extraction.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
  18. Balakumar P, Varatharajan R, Nyo YH, Renushia R, Raaginey D, Oh AN, et al.
    Pharmacol Res, 2014 Dec;90:36-47.
    PMID: 25263930 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2014.08.008
    Low-doses of fenofibrate and dipyridamole have pleiotropic renoprotective actions in diabetic rats. This study investigated their combined effect relative to their individual treatments and lisinopril in rats with diabetic nephropathy. Streptozotocin (55mg/kg, i.p., once)-administered diabetic rats were allowed for 10 weeks to develop nephropathy. Diabetic rats after 10 weeks developed nephropathy with discernible renal structural and functional changes as assessed in terms of increase in kidney weight to body weight ratio (KW/BW), and elevations of serum creatinine, urea and uric acid, which accompanied with elevated serum triglycerides and decreased high-density lipoproteins. Hematoxylin-eosin, periodic acid Schiff and Masson trichrome staining confirmed renal pathological changes in diabetic rats that included glomerular capsular wall distortion, mesangial cell expansion, glomerular microvascular condensation, tubular damage and degeneration and fibrosis. Low-dose fenofibrate (30mg/kg, p.o., 4 weeks) and low-dose dipyridamole (20mg/kg, p.o., 4 weeks) treatment either alone or in combination considerably reduced renal structural and functional abnormalities in diabetic rats, but without affecting the elevated glucose level. Fenofibrate, but not dipyridamole, significantly prevented the lipid alteration and importantly the uric acid elevation in diabetic rats. Lisinopril (5mg/kg, p.o., 4 weeks, reference compound), prevented the hyperglycemia, lipid alteration and development of diabetic nephropathy. Lipid alteration and uric acid elevation, besides hyperglycemia, could play key roles in the development of nephropathy. Low-doses of fenofibrate and dipyridamole treatment either alone or in combination markedly prevented the diabetes-induced nephropathy. Their combination was as effective as to their individual treatment, but not superior in preventing the development of diabetic nephropathy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
  19. Yankuzo H, Ahmed QU, Santosa RI, Akter SF, Talib NA
    J Ethnopharmacol, 2011 Apr 26;135(1):88-94.
    PMID: 21354289 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.02.020
    Murraya koenigii (Linn.) Spreng (curry leaf) is widely used as a nephroprotective agent in kidney's infirmities among diabetics by the traditional practitioners in Malaysia. However, the latter role of curry leaf has been grossly under reported and is yet to receive proper scientific evaluation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology
  20. Abdollahi M, Zuki AB, Goh YM, Rezaeizadeh A, Noordin MM
    Histol Histopathol, 2011 01;26(1):13-21.
    PMID: 21117023 DOI: 10.14670/HH-26.13
    The aim of this research was to determine the effects of Momordica charantia (MC) fruit aqueous extract on pancreatic histopathological changes in neonatal STZ-induced type-II diabetic rats. Diabetes mellitus was induced in one day Sprague-Dawley neonatal rats using a single intrapretoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ) (85 mg/kg body weight) and monitored for 12 weeks thereafter. The diabetic rats were separated into three groups, as follows: the diabetic control group (i.e. nSTZ), the diabetic group (i.e. nSTZ/M) - which was orally given 20 mg/kg of MC fruit extract, and the diabetic group (i.e. nSTZ/G) - that was treated with glibenclamide, 0.1 mg/kg for a period of four weeks. At the end of treatment, the animals were sacrificed and blood samples were collected from the saphenous vein to measure the blood glucose and serum insulin level. The pancreatic specimens were removed and processed for light microscopy, electron microscopy examination and immunohistochemical study. The results of this study showed that MC fruit aqueous extract reduced the blood glucose level as well as glibenclamide and increased the serum insulin level in the treated diabetic rats (P<0.05). The fruit extract of MC alleviated pancreatic damage and increased the number of β-cells in the diabetic treated rats (P<0.05). Our results suggest that oral feeding of MC fruit extract may have a significant role in the renewal of pancreatic β-cells in the nSTZ rats.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/pathology*
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