MyMedR

Benign fibrous tumour of the parotid gland

Sreetharan SS, Prepageran N

Asian J Surg, 2005 Jan;28(1):45-7.

The case of a 44-year-old man with left parotid enlargement that was initially diagnosed as cementifying fibroma is presented. The lesion was found in the deep lobe of the parotid gland and was successfully removed. Postoperatively, the patient recovered well with intact facial nerve function and remained asymptomatic after 1 year. Subsequent histology revealed the mass to be a benign fibrous tumour. The diagnosis and management of this rare entity are discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Parotid Gland/pathology

Partial superficial parotidectomy for pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland

Bhattacharya A, Singh M, Shah A, Varghese LL

BMJ Case Rep, 2021 Jun 14;14(6).

PMID: 34127499 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-238759

Pleomorphic adenoma, otherwise called as benign mixed tumour, is the most common salivary gland tumour which accounts for 60% of all benign salivary gland tumours. The clinical, radiological and histopathological presentations are varied. The tumour occurs in diverse anatomical sites and can consist of epithelial and mesenchymal components. In this case report, the patient reported with an asymptomatic swelling on the face. CT scan with contrast was advised. The clinical, roentgenographic findings and Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology were indicative of pleomorphic adenoma of the parotid gland. Treatment included partial superficial parotidectomy under general anaesthesia using the modified Blair's incision. The facial nerve was not involved. Part of the gland along with the tumour was resected completely superficial to the facial nerve with a margin of normal tissue all around. Histopathologic examination of tissue specimen confirmed the lesion as pleomorphic adenoma. The patient was asymptomatic at 6-month follow-up.

Matched MeSH terms: Parotid Gland/surgery

Fulltext The clinical significance of the branching pattern of the facial nerve in Malaysian subjects

Myint K, Azian AL, Khairul FA

Med J Malaysia, 1992 Jun;47(2):114-21.

PMID: 1494331

Fine dissection was carried out in 79 facial halves from formalin fixed Malaysian adult cadavers of various races, to trace the extracranial part of the facial nerve and its peripheral branches. The facial nerve trunk, after leaving the stylomastoid foramen was located at a depth of 1 to 2 cm from the skin in the vagino-mastoid angle. It bifurcates at the posterior border of the ramus of the mandible and in 3.8% trifurcation was found. Mean distance of bifurcation from the angle of the mandible was 28.06 mm and 81.0% were within the range of 21 to 35 mm. The branching patterns were classified into six types, and the frequency of occurrence was type I 11.39%, type II 15.9%, type III 34.18%, type IV 18.98%, type V 7.59% and type VI 12.67%. Type I, a classical text book pattern was found to be one of the least common patterns. There is no significant difference in percentage of each type between the present study and that of Koreans, though some differences with Caucasians were noted in three uncommon types. The frontal branch could be outlined between the two diverging lines from the earlobe to the lateral ends of the eyebrow and the highest frontal crease. Posterior to the facial artery, the mandibular branch was seen passing below the inferior border of the mandible in 20%; anterior to the artery, this nerve divides into one to four branches. In almost all the cases, branches to the mentalis and the depressor labii inferioris muscles and infrequently branches to the depressor angular oris were seen below the inferior border of the mandible.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Matched MeSH terms: Parotid Gland/anatomy & histology

Fulltext Transient unilateral pneumoparotid following upper endoscopy

Pillay Y, Goh KL

JUMMEC, 2014;17(2):12-13.

MyJurnal

Salivary gland swelling is a rare complication of upper endoscopy with less than twelve cases reported in the literature. The swelling is usually transient in nature, with complete resolution in a few hours .While all the major paired salivary glands have been implicated, the exact aetiology remains obscure. In this case report, a sixty one year old female presents with unilateral swelling of the right parotid gland immediately following an upper endoscopy. There was complete resolution of the pneumoparotid with no neurological sequelae.

Matched MeSH terms: Parotid Gland

Fulltext Malignant melanoma of parotid gland in a child-our unique experience

Apparau D, Apparau H, Mohamad I, Bhavaraju VMK

AME Case Rep, 2018;2:4.

PMID: 30264000 DOI: 10.21037/acr.2018.01.06

Malignant melanoma (MM) of parotid gland is a rare condition. This pathology is often a result of secondary metastasis from primary lesions in the head and neck skin. A MM arising de novo in parotid gland is very rare. This malignant tumour is more prevalent in adults rather than children and it tends to have several distinct features. Treatment options are limited especially for an advanced lesion. Despite best treatments this condition carries a poor prognosis. This case details our experience in treating a child with MM of parotid gland without other primary cutaneous lesions.

Matched MeSH terms: Parotid Gland

Fulltext Giant Submandibular Calculus Eroding Oral Cavity Mucosa

Lim EH, Nadarajah S, Mohamad I

Oman Med J, 2017 Sep;32(5):432-435.

PMID: 29026477 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2017.81

Sialolithiasis is the formation of calculi or sialoliths in the salivary gland. It is the most common benign condition of the salivary gland. Sialolithiasis can occur in all salivary glands. The submandibular gland is most commonly affected followed by the parotid gland. Calculi commonly measure less than 10 mm. Calculi of more than 15 mm are termed giant salivary gland calculi and are infrequently reported in the literature. Here, we report a case of unusually large submandibular gland calculus of 5 cm in greatest dimension which caused erosion of the oral cavity.

Matched MeSH terms: Parotid Gland

A Case of Neglected, Recurrent Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma of Parotid Gland

Low A, Kadir AJ, Wong KT, Choo MM

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg, 2021 4 3;37(5):e193.

PMID: 33795606 DOI: 10.1097/IOP.0000000000001947

Matched MeSH terms: Parotid Gland

A simple, safe, and effective surgical technique for the treatment of post-traumatic parotid sialocoele

Asha'ari ZA, Razali MS, Leman WI, Ahmad A

Malays J Med Sci, 2014 Jan;21(1):72-4.

PMID: 24639617

Post-traumatic parotid sialocoele is a subcutaneous extravasation of saliva from the parotid gland secondary to traumatic disruption of its duct or parenchyma. Currently, there is no consensus regarding the best therapy for parotid sialocoele, as it is resistant to conservative management. The present paper puts forward a relatively simple, safe and effective technique for the treatment of parotid sialocoele, specifically a peroral drainage technique. The results justify our recommendation to use this approach for the treatment of sialocoele.

Matched MeSH terms: Parotid Gland

Kimura's disease: a report of three cases with a brief review of literature

Madhavan M, Othman NH, Singh MS, Indudharan R, Sharma HS, Shamsuddin AR

Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital, 2000 Aug;20(4):284-9.

PMID: 11234448

Kimura's disease (KD) is an uncommon chronic inflammatory condition of unknown aetiology involving subcutaneous tissue, presenting as a tumor like lesion with a predilection for the head and neck region. Clinically it is often confused with parotid tumor with lymph node metastasis. It is difficult to diagnose before tissue biopsy. Fine needle aspiration cytology has only limited value. Unless the pathologists are aware of this entity, it might be misdiagnosed. Surgery, radiotherapy and steroid therapy have been tried but none is proved best and recurrence is common. Three cases of KD seen in our hospital and the problems encountered in them are presented.

Matched MeSH terms: Parotid Gland/pathology

Fulltext Synchronous mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the right upper eyelid and right parotid gland in a young patient

Irfan, M., Wong,C. Y., Nik Fariza, H., Maha, K., Nor Hayati, O.

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2011;7(1):61-64.

MyJurnal

Mucoepidermoid carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma are tumors found predominantly in the elderly. Most of the cases reported were from patients of more than 50 years old. In our case, it affects a young patient, a 26 year old lady who has a history of a severely burnt and scarred face since childhood. She represents a rare case of a high grade aggressive tumor involving her right eyelid and right parotid gland.

Matched MeSH terms: Parotid Gland

Fulltext A Rare Case of Basal Cell Adenocarcinoma of Parotid Gland with Intracranial Extension

Razali MN, Mat Baki M, Kew TY, Mohamad Yunus MR

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2019 Oct;71(Suppl 1):93-95.

PMID: 31741939 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-017-1116-3

Basal cell adenocarcinoma (BCAC) is a rare tumour entity. Despite its tendency to be infiltrative and destructive tumour with propensity to recur, it rarely metastasizes and long-term outcome following surgery is favourable. This paper presents a 42-year-old male with residual BCAC of parotid gland that had extended into infratemporal fossa and intracranial. The important aspect of this case is the rarity occurrence of BCAC of parotid with intracranial extension and its surgical approaches to achieve tumour clearance.

Matched MeSH terms: Parotid Gland

Fulltext An audit of parotidectomy in Singapore: a review of 31 cases

Hwang SY, Brett RH

Med J Malaysia, 2003 Jun;58(2):273-8.

PMID: 14569749

A series of 31 consecutive parotidectomies was evaluated. FNAC could differentiate tumour from non tumour in 72.8% of cases. For actual histology, FNAC was correct in 66.6%. Frozen section was correct in differentiating between benign, malignant and inflammatory conditions in all cases. Eighty-eight percent of frozen section histology concurred with final histology. The immediate postoperative period had 13 cases of facial nerve dysfunction, but only 3 cases had residual weakness. The branch most commonly affected was the mandibular branch (92.3%). Two patients had Frey's syndrome and one had a traumatic neuroma. FNAC and CT scans improve preoperative planning, providing histological evidence and the extent of the lesion.

Matched MeSH terms: Parotid Gland/pathology; Parotid Gland/surgery*

Histological study of the parotid and mandibular glands of barking deer (Muntiacus muntjak) with special reference to the distribution of carbohydrate content

Adnyane IK, Zuki AB, Noordin MM, Agungpriyono S

Anat Histol Embryol, 2010 Dec;39(6):516-20.

PMID: 20682009 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0264.2010.01023.x

We investigated the histology and carbohydrate content of the parotid and mandibular glands of the barking deer (Muntiacus muntjak). Three adult males were used. Paraffin wax sections of the glands were stained with haematoxylin and eosin (HE), alcian blue (AB), pH 2.5 and periodic acid Schiff (PAS). The acinar cells of the parotid gland were serous, whereas those of the mandibular gland were of the mixed type. The acini of the mandibular gland comprised serous and mucous cells with the mucous type predominating. AB and PAS staining showed high concentrations of acidic and neutral carbohydrates in the mucous cells, but not in the serous cells of the mandibular gland. These carbohydrates were also found in moderate-to-high concentrations in the secreted material in the mandibular duct lumen. However, these carbohydrates were not found in acinar cells of the parotid gland or in the serous cells of the mandibular gland. Thus, carbohydrates in the saliva of the barking deer appear to be produced mainly by the mucous cells of the mandibular glands.

Matched MeSH terms: Parotid Gland/anatomy & histology*; Parotid Gland/chemistry*

Acinic cell carcinoma of the parotid gland: A diagnostic dilemma on cytology

Sharma A, Ahuja S, Diwaker P, Wadhwa N, Arora VK

Malays J Pathol, 2019 Aug;41(2):191-194.

PMID: 31427555

INTRODUCTION: Acinic cell carcinoma (ACC) represents 1-6% of parotid gland neoplasms.

CASE REPORT: We report cytomorphological features of two uncommon variants of acinic cell carcinoma. The first case was an eleven-year-old female with a nodular mass in parotid and the FNA smears demonstrated a lymphoepithelial lesion composed of epithelial tumour cells with features of acinar cells in a lymphoid background. The second case was a 62-year-old male with a large parotid mass. The FNA smears revealed presence of extracellular, acellular amyloid-like material with tumour cells arranged in follicles.

DISCUSSION: Awareness of cytomorphological features of these unusual variants of acinic cell carcinoma may help to avoid diagnostic pitfall.

Matched MeSH terms: Parotid Gland

Fulltext Parotid lymphoepithelial cyst: a case report

Rahman, S., Shaari, R., Hassan, R.

Archives of Orofacial Sciences, 2006;1(1):71-75.

MyJurnal

A 48 years old Malay lady with a case of painless soft fluctuant swelling of left parotid gland is reported. The lesion was found to be a cystic lesion through the pre operative examinations and investigations. The cyst was completely excised, taking care not to injure the lower division of the facial nerve. Post recovery was uneventful with no defect of the facial nerve functions. The histologic picture confirmed that the cyst was lymphoepithelial cyst which is so called “branchial cyst”. Through the literature reviews of parotid lymphoepitelial cyst the discussions on prevalence, origin, diagnosis, histological finding, investigation and the modes of treatment are made. The ultra sound was found to be valuable in the pre operative evaluation of the parotid swelling furthermore it is non-invasive, harmless, painless and relatively quick.

Matched MeSH terms: Parotid Gland

Fulltext Granular cells in a benign parotid gland tumour: an attempt to understand its probable histogenesis

George, T., Zain, R.B., Abraham, M.T.

Ann Dent, 2011;18(1):30-35.

MyJurnal

Tumours that occur in the oral cavity may contain granular cells as a component of their pathology. A more common granular cell lesion occurring in the head and neck region is the granular cell tumour (GCT) that usually arises in the tongue or the buccal mucosa. Granular cell tumours are very rare in the parotid gland with only 11 cases previously reported in the English literature. We report a case of a benign tumour involving the parotid gland of a young female patient. The case was diagnostically challenging due to the large proportion of granular cells masking the underlying pathology. Histopathological features and immunohistochemical analysis favoured a diagnosis of a benign GCT. The present report provides an insight into the differential diagnosis and attempts to characterise the granular cells with the use of the wellestablished immunohistochemical markers and conventional histopathological techniques.

Matched MeSH terms: Parotid Gland

Fulltext Kimura's disease in Malaysian patients : three case reports

Roslan Abdul Rahman, Fadzilah Ismail, Roszalina Ramli, Ghazali Mat Nor, Sha Primuharsa Putra

Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2005;3(1):1-8.

MyJurnal

Kimura's disease is a chronic inflammatory disorder which affects the subcutaneous tissues of the head and neck, axilla and upper limb as well as the groin region. In the head and neck region, major salivary glands and regional lymph nodes are mainly involved with associated eosinophilia and an elevated IgE concentration. Three cases of Kimura's disease involving the parotid glands, lymph nodes and cheek are presented with a brief review of the literature.

Matched MeSH terms: Parotid Gland

Fulltext Carcinoma Ex Pleomorphic Adenoma Presented as a Gigantic Tumor: Treatment and Diagnostic Challenges

Maruthamuthu T, Saniasiaya J, Mohamad I, Nadarajah S, Lazim NM, Wan Abdul Rahman WF

Oman Med J, 2018 Jul;33(4):342-345.

PMID: 30038735 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2018.62

Parotid gland surgery can be challenging due to intricate relationship between the gland and facial nerve. Besides complete removal of the lesion, the main focus of surgery is centered on the facial nerve. Surgery can be technically demanding especially when the tumor is large or involves the deep lobe. We report a patient with a 30-year history of gigantic parotid mass, which initial fine-needle aspiration cytology reported as pleomorphic adenoma. The tumor, weighing 1.3 kg, was successfully resected with facial nerve preservation. Histopathological examination of the excised mass confirmed as carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma (CaExPA) of adenocarcinoma, not otherwise specified type. We describe the specific surgical and reconstruction techniques for successful removal of large parotid tumors with facial nerve preservation. To our knowledge, this is the heaviest CaExPA of the parotid gland in South-East Asian region.

Matched MeSH terms: Parotid Gland

Parotid Gland Carcinoma Masquerading as an Aural Polyp

Subha ST, Abu-Bakar S, Prepageran N

Iran J Otorhinolaryngol, 2019 Sep;31(106):315-318.

PMID: 31598500

Introduction: Parotid gland squamous cell carcinoma is an uncommon aggressive neoplasm with poor prognosis. Aural polyps are usually the presenting features of chronic suppurative otitis media, tuberculous otitis media, and adenoma or carcinoma. The malignant aural polyp is very rare. Parotid gland carcinoma masquerading as an aural polyp has rarely been described in the literature.

Case Report: We report a case study of parotid squamous cell carcinoma in a 29-year-old male masquerading as an ear polyp.

Conclusion: Parotid gland primary squamous cell carcinoma is a rapidly advancing neoplasm which carries poor prognosis despite multimodality treatment. Diligent clinical and histopathological evaluation is imperative to discriminate this rare aggressive disease from the metastatic and other primary cancers of the parotid. A high index of suspicion is crucial in refractory aural polyps to arrive at early diagnosis.

Matched MeSH terms: Parotid Gland

Fulltext Concomitant Anomalous branching of Facial Nerve and Double Parotid Duct: A case report

Amro Mohamed Soliman, Elvy Suhana Ramli, Srijit Das, Norzana Abd Ghafar

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2017;16(1):139-142.

MyJurnal

The facial nerve divides within the parotid gland into upper temporozygomatic and lower cervicofacial branches. The two branches further subdivide and emerge from the parotid gland as five main branches. We observed a rare anomalous branching pattern of the facial nerve along with double parotid duct on the right side of a 50-year-old male cadaver. The two parotid ducts emerged at the level of the anterior border of parotid gland then united to form one single duct thereby opened into the oral cavity. The first duct (D1) emerged from the upper one third of the anterior border of the parotid gland and traversed horizontally for 9 mm to join the second duct. Knowledge of anomalous branching pattern of facial nerve and double parotid ducts may be beneficial for maxillofacial surgeons.

Matched MeSH terms: Parotid Gland

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