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  1. Hubungan di antara Jejari Spektrum dan Faktor Pengenduran Berlebihan untuk Masalah Nilai Sempadan Berkala dalam Persamaan Pembeza Separa Eliptik (Relationship Between Spectral Radius and Overrelaxation Factor for a Periodic Boundary Value Problem in the Second-order Linear Self-adjoint Ellliptic Partial Differential Equation)
    Mohd Idris Jayes
    Sains Malaysiana, 1996;25.
    The discretization of the second-order linear self-adjoint ellliptic partial differential equation problem subject to periodic boundary conditions results in a system of linear equations of the form Mu = s, where M is a block cyclic tridiagonal square matric. In this paper, the relationship between the spectral radius and overrelaxation factor for the problem is derived.
    Pendiskretan masalah persamaan pembeza separa (PPS) eliptik swadampingan linear peringkat kedua menghasilkan satu sistem persamaan linear bentuk Mu = s, dengan M merupakan satu matriks segiempatsama tiga pepenjuru berkitar blok. Dalam kertas ini, hubungan di antara jejari spektrum dan faktor pengenduran berlebihan untuk masalah itu akan dirumuskan.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radius
  2. Letter to the Editor: Factors associated with one-year outcome after distal radial fracture treatment
    Sinha N, Rao BS, Bhardwaj A, Singh S
    J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong), 2015 Aug;23(2):272.
    PMID: 26321570
    Matched MeSH terms: Radius Fractures/therapy*
  3. Paediatric forearm fractures: functional outcome of conservative treatment
    Tarmuzi NA, Abdullah S, Osman Z, Das S
    Bratisl Lek Listy, 2009;110(9):563-8.
    PMID: 19827340
    Forearm fractures are common in the paediatric age group. Closed reduction and casting are the primary means of treatment in over 90% of these fractures. Resultant deformities are usually a product of indirect trauma involving angular loading combined with rotational deformity and fragment displacement.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radius Fractures/radiography; Radius Fractures/therapy*
  4. Ipsilateral fracture dislocation of the radial shaft head associated with elbow dislocation: case report
    Shukur MH, Noor MA, Moses T
    J Trauma, 1995 Jun;38(6):944-6.
    PMID: 7602642
    A severe form of an extremely unusual injury, ipsilateral fracture dislocation of the radial shaft head associated with elbow dislocation, is described. Radial shaft fracture was irreducible even after the radial head and the elbow were reduced. Open reduction and internal fixation are viable options.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radius Fractures/complications*; Radius Fractures/surgery
  5. Fulltext Pattern of distal radius fracture in Malaysian children
    Asim AM, Noor Fadzilah R, Rukmanikanthan S, Saw A
    Med J Malaysia, 2012 Oct;67(5):483-6.
    PMID: 23770863 MyJurnal
    INTRODUCTION: The distal radius is the most common fracture site in children, but local information on the fracture pattern, mechanism of injury and socio-demographic characteristics of the fracture is lacking.

    MATERIAL METHODS: We interviewed 126 children and their family members who were under follow up for this fracture in a single institution over a period of 2 years. Radiological images were reviewed to ensure that only those with fracture in the distal one third of the forearm were included.

    RESULTS: The overall incidence of this fracture increased with age, and male dominance was noted starting from schooling age. Most fractures occurred at home (38.8%), and 52.3% of all fractures were due to low energy falls. Sports injuries were mainly due to playing football, and road accidents due to riding bicycles. There were 49 (38.8%) children with incomplete fractures, and 19 (15.0%) with physeal plate fractures.

    CONCLUSION: Male dominance for distal radius fracture occurred at a comparatively younger age in our population. Preventive measures should focus on home environment since this is the most common place for fracture to occur. Special attention should be paid to boys after the school going age.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radius Fractures*
  6. Fulltext Distal radius morphometry in the Malaysian population
    Chan CYW, Vivek AS, Leong WH, Rukmanikanthan S
    Malays Orthop J, 2008;2(2):27-30.
    MyJurnal
    The goal of treatment in distal radius fracture is to restore the anatomy of the distal radius, however the criteria currently used to evaluate the quality of eduction are based on Western based published figures. This goal of this study was to investigate whether there are variations in the morphology of the distal radius among the multiracial population of Malaysia. Consecutive normal wrist radiographs of patients who presented to the accident and emergency unit in three major hospitals in Malaysia were measured. The palmar tilt of the distal radius averaged 12.6o ± 3.55o, and the radial inclination averaged 25.1o ± 3.42o. The ulnar variance averaged – 0.1 ± 1.31mm, 38.4% of the patients had neutral ulnar variance, 28.8% have negative ulnar variance and 32.9% have positive ulnar variance. Our results indicate that distal radius morphometric parameters in the Malaysian population are comparable to Western figures.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radius; Radius Fractures
  7. Fulltext Development of a Linear Acoustic Array for Aero-Acoustic Quantification of Camber-Bladed Vertical Axis Wind Turbine
    Butt AH, Akbar B, Aslam J, Akram N, Soudagar MEM, García Márquez FP, et al.
    Sensors (Basel), 2020 Oct 21;20(20).
    PMID: 33096774 DOI: 10.3390/s20205954
    Vertical axis wind turbines (VAWT) are a source of renewable energy and are used for both industrial and domestic purposes. The study of noise characteristics of a VAWT is an important performance parameter for the turbine. This study focuses on the development of a linear microphone array and measuring acoustic signals on a cambered five-bladed 45 W VAWT in an anechoic chamber at different tip speed ratios. The sound pressure level spectrum of VAWT shows that tonal noises such as blade passing frequencies dominate at lower frequencies whereas broadband noise corresponds to all audible ranges of frequencies. This study shows that the major portion of noise from the source is dominated by aerodynamic noises generated due to vortex generation and trailing edge serrations. The research also predicts that dynamic stall is evident in the lower Tip speed ratio (TSR) region making smaller TSR values unsuitable for a quiet VAWT. This paper compares the results of linear aeroacoustic array with a 128-MEMS acoustic camera with higher resolution. The study depicts a 3 dB margin between two systems at lower TSR values. The research approves the usage of the 8 mic linear array for small radius rotary machinery considering the results comparison with a NORSONIC camera and its resolution. These observations serve as a basis for noise reduction and blade optimization techniques.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radius
  8. Fulltext Spot diagram profile of uncorrected and corrected myopic model eye
    Shah Farez Othman, Nizam Tamchek, Farah Diana Muhammad, Shah Farez Othman, Shah Farez Othman, Mohd Hafidz Ithnin
    Journal of Optometry, Eye and Health Research, 2020;2(1):34-47.
    MyJurnal
    Current trend shows that the eye modelling is based on the emmetropic eye taken its ocular optical components value from the population-based studies. However, no studies have been done to study the effect of aberration of myopic refractive error by modelling the eye using the parameters from ocular biometrics and ray tracing method. The objective of the present study was to determine the spot diagram (SPD) profile of myopic refractive error using eye modelling and ray tracing technique. Three eye models had been successfully modeled in Zemax software, namely, emmetropic Liou and Brennan, myopic Liou and Brennan, corrected myopic Liou and Brennan. The optical performance of the eye models were tested using the SPD profile. The ray distribution from the analysis of SPD of myopic Liou and Brennan eye was larger compared to the emmetropic model. In comparison with the emmetropic Liou and Brennan model, for the blue wavelength, the RMS spot radius for the corrected version was increased. However, the RMS values were decreased for green and red wavelengths. For the corrected myopic version of Liou and Brennan, in comparison with its emmetropic model, the Airy disc diameter increased with the increment of wavelengths. It was found that the Airy disc diameter accuracy were higher for the blue, green and red wavelengths. Although the accuracy values were in a positive sign, for Airy disc diameter, the smaller value indicates a diffraction-limited condition.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radius
  9. Fulltext Morphological variant of pronator quadratus muscle: a case report
    Ahmad Ruzain, S., Zar Chi, T., Syed Baharom, S.A.F.
    Medicine & Health, 2018;13(2):164-169.
    MyJurnal
    Presented herein is a case of one different morphological anomaly of pronator quadratus (PQ) muscle. Here, the shape of PQ was not similar to the normal morphology of the muscle. The PQ muscle appeared to be in distinct triangular-shaped instead of quadrangular-shaped. In addition, this triangular-shaped was found in two sites i.e. proximal and distal. Significantly, the PQ muscle consisted of two fleshy red fibres and white aponeurosis. Proximally placed portion had a wide base and a narrower apex. The larger base was attached to the ulna and formed of fleshy red fibres which converged laterally to be continuous with aponeurosis ending on the radius. In contrast, the distal triangular portion had the fleshy fibres attached to the radius and converged medially to be continuous with aponeurotic portions on the ulna. Each portion were referred as pronator triangularis proximalis and pronator triangularis distalis. These variations might affect atypically in cases of forearm pronation. Information of these variations is important in hand surgeries and provide an additional knowledge on the relationship between morphology of PQ muscle and the limitation or the strength in the action of it.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radius
  10. Efficient Deployment of Multi-UAVs in Massively Crowded Events
    Sawalmeh A, Othman NS, Shakhatreh H
    Sensors (Basel), 2018 Oct 26;18(11).
    PMID: 30373204 DOI: 10.3390/s18113640
    In this paper, the efficient 3D placement of UAV as an aerial base station in providing wireless coverage for users in a small and large coverage area is investigated. In the case of providing wireless coverage for outdoor and indoor users in a small area, the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and K-means with Ternary Search (KTS) algorithms are invoked to find an efficient 3D location of a single UAV with the objective of minimizing its required transmit power. It was observed that a single UAV at the 3D location found using the PSO algorithm requires less transmit power, by a factor of 1/5 compared to that when using the KTS algorithm. In the case of providing wireless coverage for users in three different shapes of a large coverage area, namely square, rectangle and circular regions, the problems of finding an efficient placement of multiple UAVs equipped with a directional antenna are formulated with the objective to maximize the coverage area and coverage density using the Circle Packing Theory (CPT). Then, the UAV efficient altitude placement is formulated with the objective of minimizing its required transmit power. It is observed that the large number of UAVs does not necessarily result in the maximum coverage density. Based on the simulation results, the deployment of 16, 19 and 26 UAVs is capable of providing the maximum coverage density of 78.5%, 82.5% and 80.3% for the case of a square region with the dimensions of 2 km × 2 km, a rectangle region with the dimensions of 6 km × 1.8 km and a circular region with the radius of 1.125 km, respectively. These observations are obtained when the UAVs are located at the optimum altitude, where the required transmit power for each UAV is reasonably small.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radius
  11. Growth of curved crystals: competition between topological defect nucleation and boundary branching
    Ma L, Liu X, Soh AK, He L, Wu C, Ni Y
    Soft Matter, 2019 May 15.
    PMID: 31090782 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm00507b
    Topological defect nucleation and boundary branching in crystal growth on a curved surface are two typical elastic instabilities driven by curvature induced stress, and have usually been discussed separately in the past. In this work they are simultaneously considered during crystal growth on a sphere. Phase diagrams with respect to sphere radius, size, edge energy and stiffness of the crystal for the equilibrium crystal morphologies are achieved by theoretical analysis and validated by Brownian dynamics simulations. The simulation results further demonstrate the detail of morphological evolution governed by these two different stress relaxation modes. Topological defect nucleation and boundary branching not only compete with each other but also coexist in a range of combinations of factors. Clarification of the interaction mechanism provides a better understanding of various curved crystal morphologies for their potential applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radius
  12. Search for Low-Mass Quark-Antiquark Resonances Produced in Association with a Photon at sqrt[s]=13  TeV
    Sirunyan AM, Tumasyan A, Adam W, Ambrogi F, Bergauer T, Brandstetter J, et al.
    Phys Rev Lett, 2019 Dec 06;123(23):231803.
    PMID: 31868480 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.231803
    A search for narrow low-mass resonances decaying to quark-antiquark pairs is presented. The search is based on proton-proton collision events collected at 13 TeV by the CMS detector at the CERN LHC. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9  fb^{-1}, recorded in 2016. The search considers the case where the resonance has high transverse momentum due to initial-state radiation of a hard photon. To study this process, the decay products of the resonance are reconstructed as a single large-radius jet with two-pronged substructure. The signal would be identified as a localized excess in the jet invariant mass spectrum. No evidence for such a resonance is observed in the mass range 10 to 125 GeV. Upper limits at the 95% confidence level are set on the coupling strength of resonances decaying to quark pairs. The results obtained with this photon trigger strategy provide the first direct constraints on quark-antiquark resonance masses below 50 GeV obtained at a hadron collider.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radius
  13. Osteoporosis in Parkinson's Disease: Relevance of Distal Radius Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) and Sarcopenia
    Tan YJ, Lim SY, Yong VW, Choo XY, Ng YD, Sugumaran K, et al.
    J Clin Densitom, 2020 07 30;24(3):351-361.
    PMID: 32888777 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocd.2020.07.001
    Osteoporotic fractures are common in Parkinson's disease (PD). Standard dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) measuring bone mineral density (BMD) at the femoral neck and lumbar spine (central sites) has suboptimal sensitivity in predicting fracture risk in the general population. An association between sarcopenia and osteoporosis in PD has not been studied. We compared BMD and osteoporosis prevalence in PD patients vs controls; determined the osteoporosis detection rates using central alone vs central plus distal radius DXA; and analyzed factors (in particular, sarcopenia) associated with osteoporosis. One hundred and fifty-six subjects (102 patients with PD, 54 spousal/sibling controls) underwent femoral neck-lumbar spine-distal radius DXA. Seventy-three patients and 46 controls were assessed for sarcopenia using whole-body DXA and handgrip strength. Patients underwent clinical and serum biochemical evaluations. PD patients had significantly lower body mass index compared to controls. After adjustment for possible confounders, distal radius BMD and T-scores were significantly lower in PD patients compared to controls, but not at the femoral neck/lumbar spine. With distal radius DXA, an additional 11.0% of patients were diagnosed with osteoporosis (32.0% to 43.0%), vs 3.7% in controls (33.3% to 37.0%) additionally diagnosed; this increase was largely driven by the markedly higher detection rate in female PD patients. Female gender (adjusted odds ratio [ORadjusted] = 11.3, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.6-48.6) and sarcopenia (ORadjusted = 8.4, 95% CI: 1.1-64.9) were independent predictors for osteoporosis in PD. Distal radius DXA increased osteoporosis detection, especially in female PD patients, suggesting that diagnostic protocols for osteoporosis in PD could be optimized. A close association between osteoporosis and sarcopenia was documented for the first time in PD, which has important implications for clinical management and future research.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radius
  14. Inclusive Search for a Highly Boosted Higgs Boson Decaying to a Bottom Quark-Antiquark Pair
    Sirunyan AM, Tumasyan A, Adam W, Ambrogi F, Asilar E, Bergauer T, et al.
    Phys Rev Lett, 2018 Feb 16;120(7):071802.
    PMID: 29542941 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.071802
    An inclusive search for the standard model Higgs boson (H) produced with large transverse momentum (p_{T}) and decaying to a bottom quark-antiquark pair (bb[over ¯]) is performed using a data set of pp collisions at sqrt[s]=13  TeV collected with the CMS experiment at the LHC. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9  fb^{-1}. A highly Lorentz-boosted Higgs boson decaying to bb[over ¯] is reconstructed as a single, large radius jet, and it is identified using jet substructure and dedicated b tagging techniques. The method is validated with Z→bb[over ¯] decays. The Z→bb[over ¯] process is observed for the first time in the single-jet topology with a local significance of 5.1 standard deviations (5.8 expected). For a Higgs boson mass of 125 GeV, an excess of events above the expected background is observed (expected) with a local significance of 1.5 (0.7) standard deviations. The measured cross section times branching fraction for production via gluon fusion of H→bb[over ¯] with reconstructed p_{T}>450  GeV and in the pseudorapidity range -2.5
    Matched MeSH terms: Radius
  15. Fulltext Morphology of distal radius curvatures: a CT-based study on the Malaysian Malay population
    Singh TS, Sadagatullah AN, Yusof AH
    Singapore Med J, 2015 Oct;56(10):562-6.
    PMID: 25814075 DOI: 10.11622/smedj.2015130
    The purpose of this study was to examine the differing curves of the volar distal radius of healthy Malaysian Malays, so as to obtain detailed morphological information that will further the understanding of volar plate osteosynthesis in Malaysian Malays.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radius
  16. Fulltext Intraarticular fractures of the distal radius in young adults--a review of the outcome of treatment
    Pan KL, Masbah O, Ali M
    Med J Malaysia, 2001 Jun;56 Suppl C:19-25.
    PMID: 11814243
    A retrospective review of 30 intraarticular fractures of the distal radius in 27 patients was done. Only young adults aged between 18 and 40 were included. Road traffic accidents accounted for 25 of the cases (23 motorcyclists). Fourteen fractures were treated by closed reduction and a plaster cast. Sixteen fractures were treated by open reduction with internal fixation using a buttress plate or multiple Kirschner wires. At a mean follow-up of 17 months, 63% of the wrists had a satisfactory result and 37% unsatisfactory result. The main adverse factor was intraarticular congruity. The grip strength on the injured side averaged 56% of that of the uninjured side and the pinch strength averaged 73%. Most of the patients were able to return to their former occupation in an average of four months.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radius Fractures/therapy*
  17. Fulltext The Influence of Medial Comminution in the Treatment Choice of Radial Head Fracture
    Touloupakis G, Biancardi E, Theodorakis E, Ghirardelli S, Ferrara F, Gherlinzoni F, et al.
    Malays Orthop J, 2020 Nov;14(3):124-128.
    PMID: 33403072 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.2011.019
    Introduction: The aim of our retrospective study was to investigate the role of the medial side involvement in the treatment choice of radial head fractures.

    Materials and Methods: We searched the databases of our institutions for the surgical procedures diagnosed as "fracture of the radial head" and for the procedures related to "prosthesis of the radial head" and "osteosynthesis of the radial head" in the period from May 2014 to October 2017. The fractures were first classified according to the Mason classification . We then allocated the patients into three study groups according to the site of the fracture, either the medial or lateral side of the radial head : Group A, with an isolated lateral fracture of the radius head; Group B1, with a medial fracture of the radius head with two medial fragments; and Group B2, with a medial fracture of the radius head with multiple medial fragments. We performed a multivariate analysis to identify statistically significant correlation between the pre-operative classifications of Mason and our study, the type of surgical procedure, and the clinical outcome.

    Results: Mayo Elbow Performance (MEP) scores determined at the final follow-up of the study (mean 16.6 months, range 12-26 months) was excellent in 17 patients (4 in Group A, 6 in Group B1 and 7 in Group B2), and good in 12 patients (3 in Group A, 7 in Group B1, and 2 in Group B2). One patient showed a poor result in MEP score probably because of an infection and implant removal.

    Conclusion: Regarding medial fractures of the radial head, our study showed satisfactory results with a radial head prosthesis for comminuted or multifragmentary radial head fractures. For surgeons with advanced elbow fracture expertise, osteosynthesis could be attempted in a fracture pattern that involved only two medial fragments.

    Matched MeSH terms: Radius; Radius Fractures
  18. Fulltext Ipsilateral proximal and distal radius fractures with unstable elbow joint: Which should we address first?
    Akma Kamaludin NA, Ferdaus Kamudin NA, Abdullah S, Sapuan J
    Chin J Traumatol, 2019 Feb;22(1):59-62.
    PMID: 30745113 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2018.04.007
    Simultaneous ipsilateral fractures involving radial head and distal end of radius are uncommon. We present our thoughts on which fracture should be addressed first. A 68-year-old lady sustained an ipsilateral fracture of the right radial head and distal end of radius following a fall. Clinically her right elbow was posteriorly dislocated and right wrist was deformed. Plain radiographs showed an intraarticular fracture of the distal end of radius and a comminution radial head fracture with a proximally migrated radius. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed no significant ligament injuries. We addressed her distal radius first with an anatomical locking plate followed by her radial head with a radial head replacement. Our rationale to treat the distal end radius: first was to obtain a correct alignment of Lister's tubercle and correct the distal radius height. Lister's tubercle was used to guide for the correct rotation of the radial head prosthesis. Correcting the distal end fracture radial height helped us with length selection of the radial head prosthesis and address the proximally migrated radial shaft and neck. Postoperative radiographs showed an acceptable reduction. The Cooney score was 75 at 3 months postoperatively, which was equivalent to a fair functional outcome.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radius; Radius Fractures
  19. Fulltext An Asian perspective on the management of distal radius fractures
    Sebastin SJ, Chung KC
    Hand Clin, 2012 May;28(2):151-6.
    PMID: 22554658 DOI: 10.1016/j.hcl.2012.03.007
    There is limited data regarding the epidemiology, pathology, and management of distal radius fractures from centers in Asia. The advanced economies in Asia include Hong Kong, Japan, Korea, Singapore, and Taiwan, whereas the prominent emerging economies are China, India, Malaysia, Philippines, and Thailand. This article examines the available epidemiological data from Asia, compares the management of distal radius fractures in the advanced and emerging Asian economies and how they compare with the current management in the west. It concludes by offering solutions for improving outcomes of distal radius fractures in Asia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radius Fractures/epidemiology; Radius Fractures/surgery; Radius Fractures/therapy*
  20. Fulltext Congenital humeroradial synostosis: a case report
    Nema S, Vyas G, Sirsikar A, Bhoj PK
    Malays Orthop J, 2012 Jun;6(SupplA):41-2.
    PMID: 25279074 MyJurnal DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.1211.010
    We present here a unique case of humeroradial synostosis. These anomalies are due to longitudinal failure of differentiation. Approximately 150 cases of humeroradial synostosis have been reported worldwide, the majority of which are familial in nature or associated with syndromes. The case presented here involves an infant aged 1½ months, born with bilateral humeroradial synostosis without familial or syndromic association. To the best of our knowledge, no such case has been reported in Asia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Radius
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