Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 355 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Fulltext Harmonic Components Analysis of Emitted Ultraviolet Signals of Aged Transmission Line Insulators under Different Surface Discharge Intensities
    Suhaimi SMI, Muhamad NA, Bashir N, Mohd Jamil MK, Abdul Rahman MN
    Sensors (Basel), 2022 Jan 18;22(3).
    PMID: 35161466 DOI: 10.3390/s22030722
    Flashover on transmission line insulators is one of the major causes of line outages due to contamination from the environment or ageing. Power utility companies practicing predictive maintenance are currently exploring novel non-contact methods to monitor insulator surface discharge activities to prevent flashover. This paper presents an investigation on the UV pulse signals detected using UV pulse sensor due to the discharges on the insulator surfaces under varying contamination levels and insulator ages. Unaged and naturally aged insulators (0 to >20 years) were artificially contaminated (none, light to heavy contamination). The electrical stresses on the insulator surfaces were varied to generate varying discharge intensity levels on the surfaces of the insulator. The DC and harmonic components of UV pulse signals detected during surface discharges were recorded and analysed. Results show a positive correlation between the discharge intensity level of contaminated and aged transmission insulators with the DC and harmonic components of the UV pulse signals. Furthermore, the study revealed that under dry insulator surface conditions, insulator ageing has a more profound effect during discharges than contamination level. The findings from this study suggest that the use of UV pulse sensors to monitor UV pulse signals emitted during insulator surface discharges can be another novel non-contact method of monitoring transmission line insulator surface conditions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electricity*
  2. Fulltext Towards 5G: A Photonic Based Millimeter Wave Signal Generation for Applying in 5G Access Fronthaul
    Alavi SE, Soltanian MR, Amiri IS, Khalily M, Supa'at AS, Ahmad H
    Sci Rep, 2016 Jan 27;6:19891.
    PMID: 26814621 DOI: 10.1038/srep19891
    5G communications require a multi Gb/s data transmission in its small cells. For this purpose millimeter wave (mm-wave) RF signals are the best solutions to be utilized for high speed data transmission. Generation of these high frequency RF signals is challenging in electrical domain therefore photonic generation of these signals is more studied. In this work, a photonic based simple and robust method for generating millimeter waves applicable in 5G access fronthaul is presented. Besides generating of the mm-wave signal in the 60 GHz frequency band the radio over fiber (RoF) system for transmission of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with 5 GHz bandwidth is presented. For the purpose of wireless transmission for 5G application the required antenna is designed and developed. The total system performance in one small cell was studied and the error vector magnitude (EVM) of the system was evaluated.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electricity
  3. Chirp response of an active-controlled thickness-drive tunable transducer
    Alwi HA, Carey JR, Smith BV
    J Acoust Soc Am, 2000 Mar;107(3):1363-73.
    PMID: 10738791
    The chirp response of a thickness-drive tunable transducer for wide range time-bandwidth and sweep rates chirp signals is demonstrated experimentally and computationally. The computational evaluation uses recursive digital-filter model based on the z-transform method. The model is limited to simple lossless structure with no front and backing layers. The model and experimental results show that there is no limit on the maximum sweep rate of the chirp signal but practically the limit is determined by the limitation of the circuit that generates the control voltage that simulates a variable electric load.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electricity
  4. Fulltext Optimisation of distributed generation unit using particle swarm optimisation method and voltage stability indicator
    Aimi Iznina Ahameed Tarmizi, Roslina Mohamad, Saiful Izwan Suliman, Murizah Kassim
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2017;25(103):355-362.
    MyJurnal
    Distributed generator is one of the most common sources of electric power as it has many advantages. However, it might cause negative effects to the distribution system if appropriate conditions are undermined. Thus, this paper describes ways to optimise the use of distributed generator in a distribution system in order to reduce total power losses and to improve system performance by increasing stability of the voltage profile. This study focuses on the installation of distributed generator that is installed on 69-bus radial distribution system. Optimisation are done through Particle Swarm Optimization and Voltage Stability Indicator. The findings show that total power loss was reduced by 44.6%, and there was improvement in voltage profile stability.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electricity
  5. Fulltext A case study of green building in Malaysia: Cost saving analysis
    Soon, C.K., Zaini, Z., Mohd Ujang, A., Nagapan, S., Abdullah, A.H., Hasmori, M.F., et al.
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2017;25(105):191-196.
    MyJurnal
    The building sector consumes about forty percent of world energy, making energy efficiency in existing buildings an important issue. This study has been undertaken to investigate energy consumption of a building that has been redesigned to incorporate energy efficient features. It was found that the introduction of energy efficient features has helped to achieve savings up to 46% of the total spent on energy particularly based on electricity bills.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electricity
  6. Fulltext The role of positively charge poly-L-lysine in the formation of high yield gold nanoplates on the surface for plasmonic sensing application
    Morsin M, Nafisah S, Sanudin R, Razali NL, Mahmud F, Soon CF
    PLoS One, 2021;16(11):e0259730.
    PMID: 34748606 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0259730
    An anisotropic structure, gold (Au) nanoplates was synthesized using a two-step wet chemical seed mediated growth method (SMGM) directly on the substrate surface. Prior to the synthesis process, poly-l-lysine (PLL) as a cation polymer was used to enhance the yield of grown Au nanoplates. The electrostatic interaction of positive charged by PLL with negative charges from citrate-capped gold nanoseeds contributes to the yield increment. The percentage of PLL was varied from 0% to 10% to study the morphology of Au nanoplates in term of shape, size and surface density. 5% PLL with single layer treatment produce a variety of plate shapes such as hexagonal, flat rod and triangular obtained over the whole substrate surface with the estimated maximum yield up to ca. 48%. The high yield of Au nanoplates exhibit dual plasmonic peaks response that are associated with transverse and longitudinal localized surface plasmon resonance (TSPR and LSPR). Then, the PLL treatment process was repeated twice resulting the increment of Au nanoplates products to ca. 60%. The thin film Au nanoplates was further used as sensing materials in plasmonic sensor for detection of boric acid. The anisotropic Au nanoplates have four sensing parameters being monitored when the medium changes, which are peak position (wavelength shift), intensity of TSPR and LSPR, and the changes on sensing responses. The sensor responses are based on the interaction of light with dielectric properties from surrounding medium. The resonance effect produces by a collection of electron vibration on the Au nanoparticles surface after hit by light are captured as the responses. As a conclusion, it was found that the PLL treatment is capable to promote high yield of Au nanoplates. Moreover, the high yield of the Au nanoplates is an indication as excellent candidate for sensing material in plasmonic sensor.
    Matched MeSH terms: Static Electricity
  7. Fulltext Optimal battery sizing in photovoltaic based distributed generation using enhanced opposition-based firefly algorithm for voltage rise mitigation
    Wong LA, Shareef H, Mohamed A, Ibrahim AA
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:752096.
    PMID: 25054184 DOI: 10.1155/2014/752096
    This paper presents the application of enhanced opposition-based firefly algorithm in obtaining the optimal battery energy storage systems (BESS) sizing in photovoltaic generation integrated radial distribution network in order to mitigate the voltage rise problem. Initially, the performance of the original firefly algorithm is enhanced by utilizing the opposition-based learning and introducing inertia weight. After evaluating the performance of the enhanced opposition-based firefly algorithm (EOFA) with fifteen benchmark functions, it is then adopted to determine the optimal size for BESS. Two optimization processes are conducted where the first optimization aims to obtain the optimal battery output power on hourly basis and the second optimization aims to obtain the optimal BESS capacity by considering the state of charge constraint of BESS. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by applying the algorithm to the 69-bus distribution system and by comparing the performance of EOFA with conventional firefly algorithm and gravitational search algorithm. Results show that EOFA has the best performance comparatively in terms of mitigating the voltage rise problem.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electricity*
  8. Fulltext Improved approach for electric vehicle rapid charging station placement and sizing using Google maps and binary lightning search algorithm
    Islam MM, Shareef H, Mohamed A
    PLoS One, 2017;12(12):e0189170.
    PMID: 29220396 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189170
    The electric vehicle (EV) is considered a premium solution to global warming and various types of pollution. Nonetheless, a key concern is the recharging of EV batteries. Therefore, this study proposes a novel approach that considers the costs of transportation loss, buildup, and substation energy loss and that incorporates harmonic power loss into optimal rapid charging station (RCS) planning. A novel optimization technique, called binary lightning search algorithm (BLSA), is proposed to solve the optimization problem. BLSA is also applied to a conventional RCS planning method. A comprehensive analysis is conducted to assess the performance of the two RCS planning methods by using the IEEE 34-bus test system as the power grid. The comparative studies show that the proposed BLSA is better than other optimization techniques. The daily total cost in RCS planning of the proposed method, including harmonic power loss, decreases by 10% compared with that of the conventional method.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electricity*
  9. Fulltext Modeling of high voltage induction motor cooling system using linear regression mathematical models
    Rosli NS, Ibrahim R, Ismail I, Omar M
    PLoS One, 2022;17(11):e0276142.
    PMID: 36445921 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276142
    Achieving reliable power efficiency from a high voltage induction motor (HVIM) is a great challenge, as the rigorous control strategy is susceptible to unexpected failure. External cooling is commonly used in an HVIM cooling system, and it is a vital part of the motor that is responsible for keeping the motor at the proper operating temperature. A malfunctioning cooling system component can cause motor overheating, which can destroy the motor and cause the entire plant to shut down. As a result, creating a dynamic model of the motor cooling system for quality performance, failure diagnosis, and prediction is critical. However, the external motor cooling system design in HVIM is limited and separately done in the past. With this issue in mind, this paper proposes a combined modeling approach to the HVIM cooling system which consists of integrating the electrical, thermal, and cooler model using the mathematical model for thermal performance improvement. Firstly, the development of an electrical model using an established mathematical model. Subsequently, the development of a thermal model using combined mathematical and linear regression models to produce motor temperature. Then, a modified cooler model is developed to provide cold air temperature for cooling monitoring. All validated models are integrated into a single model called the HVIM cooling system as the actual setup of the HVIM. Ultimately, the core of this modeling approach is integrating all models to accurately represent the actual signals of the motor cooler temperature. Then, the actual signals are used to validate the whole structure of the model using Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) analysis. The results demonstrate the high accuracy of the HVIM cooling system representation with less than 1% error tolerance based on the industrial plant experts. Thus, it will be helpful for future utilization in quality maintenance, fault identification and prediction study.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electricity*
  10. Parametric and non-parametric convergence analysis of electricity intensity in developed and developing countries
    Solarin SA
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2019 Mar;26(9):8552-8574.
    PMID: 30706273 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04225-y
    This paper examines the pattern of convergence in electricity intensity in a sample of 79 countries. We apply the residual augmented least squares regression to the convergence of energy intensity. This method has been used in the convergence of per capita energy consumption but not convergence of energy intensity. Furthermore, in contrast to the previous studies which mainly used the conventional beta convergence approach to examine conditional convergence, we use a beta convergence method that is capable of identifying the actual number of countries that contribute to conditional convergence. The sigma and gamma convergences of electricity intensity are also examined. In addition to the full sample of countries, we also examine convergence in African countries, Asian and Oceanic countries, American countries and European countries, separately. Convergences in OECD and non-OECD countries are also examined, separately. In the full sample, the results show convergence exists in 54% of the countries in the total sample. There is convergence in 65% of the African countries, 61% of the American countries, 43% of the Asian and Oceanic countries and 33% of the European countries. In terms of the regional classification, it is also observed that convergence exists for 58% of the non-OECD countries and 31% of the OECD countries. There is evidence for sigma convergence in all the blocs with the exception of European and non-OECD countries. With the exception of African countries, there is evidence for gamma convergence in all the countries and the various blocs. The policy implications of the results are discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electricity*
  11. Stability and dynamic analysis of a grid-connected environmentally friendly photovoltaic energy system
    Nasri S, Zamanifar M, Naderipour A, Nowdeh SA, Kamyab H, Abdul-Malek Z
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2023 Jun;30(28):71701-71713.
    PMID: 34273072 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15255-w
    Photovoltaic (PV) system is the cleanest form of electricity generation, and it is the only form with no effect on the environment at all. However, some environmental challenges persist, which must be overcome before solar energy may be used to represent a source of truly clean energy. This paper aims to study the stability and dynamic behavior of a grid-connected environmentally friendly photovoltaic energy system using the bifurcation theory. This theory introduces a systematic method for stability analysis of dynamic systems, under changes in the system parameters. To produce bifurcation diagrams based on the bifurcation theory, a parameter is constantly changed in each step, using MATLAB and AUTO, and eigenvalues are monitored simultaneously. Considering how the eigenvalues approach the system's imaginary axis in accordance with the changes in the targeted parameter, the occurred saddle-node and Hopf bifurcations of the grid-connected PV system are extracted. Using the obtained bifurcations, the system's dynamic stability limits against changes in controlled (controller coefficients) and systematic parameters (such as the Thevenin impedance network) are found.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electricity*
  12. Fulltext High-efficiency electromagnetic energy harvesting using double-elliptical metasurface resonators
    Amer AAG, Othman N, Sapuan SZ, Alphones A, Salem AA
    PLoS One, 2023;18(12):e0291354.
    PMID: 38127949 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291354
    This study introduces a metasurface (MS) based electrically small resonator for ambient electromagnetic (EM) energy harvesting. It is an array of novel resonators comprising double-elliptical cylinders. The harvester's input impedance is designed to match free space, allowing incident EM power to be efficiently absorbed and then maximally channelled to a single load through optimally positioned vias. Unlike the previous research works where each array resonator was connected to a single load, in this work, the received power by all array resonators is channelled to a single load maximizing the power efficiency. The performance of the MS unit cell, when treated as an infinite structure, is examined concerning its absorption and harvesting efficiency. The numerical results demonstrate that the MS unit cell can absorb EM power, with near-perfect absorption of 90% in the frequency range of 5.14 GHz to 5.5 GHz under normal incidence and with a fractional bandwidth of 21%. The MS unit cell also achieves higher harvesting efficiency at various incident angles up to 60o. The design and analysis of an array of 4x4 double elliptical cylinder MS resonators integrated with a corporate feed network are also presented. The corporate feed network connects all the array elements to a single load, maximizing harvesting efficiency. The simulation and measurement results reveal an overall radiation to AC efficiency of about 90%, making it a prime candidate for energy harvesting applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electricity*
  13. Exploring the impact of industrialization and electricity use on carbon emissions: The role of green FinTech in Asian countries using an asymmetric panel quantile ARDL approach
    Kakar SK, Ali J, Wang J, Wu X, Arshed N, Le Hien TT, et al.
    J Environ Manage, 2024 Nov;370:122970.
    PMID: 39426172 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122970
    PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to investigate how industrialization, financial development, electricity consumption, trade openness, and green FinTech affect on carbon emissions asymmetrically in Asian countries.

    DESIGN: Method/Approach: The study examined 29 years of panel data from 39 Asian countries from 1995 to 2022, sourced from World Development Indicators (WDI) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF). The study constructs a green financial technology index using principal component analysis (PCA). The study utilizes an Asymmetric Panel Quantile Autoregressive Distributive Lag (A-QARDL) model with pooled mean group (PMG) specifications to explore effects that exhibit cross-sectional homogeneous in the long-run, but heterogeneous in the short-run effects.

    FINDINGS: Industrialization and financial development have a strongly asymmetric impact on carbon emissions. Industrialization causes an increase in carbon emissions at various quantiles, while green FinTech plays a crucial role in mitigating these carbon emissions. Trade openness and domestic credit to the private sector also help reduce carbon emissions.

    RESEARCH LIMITATIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: The study emphasizes the significance of employing green FinTech techniques and using renewable energy sources to meet sustainable industrialization and sustainability goals in Asian countries. The policy consequences include promoting environmentally friendly industrial practices, encouraging green financial investments, and boosting government financing for private sector research and development to mitigate carbon emissions.

    ORIGINALITY/VALUE: The study employs robust modeling to analyze the role of green FinTech to enhance industrial sustainability. Both Industrialization and deindustrialization have an impact on economic emissions, and the potential of green FinTech's to promote sustainability contributes to the environment protection strategy.

    Matched MeSH terms: Electricity*
  14. Fulltext Partial Discharge in Nanofluid Insulation Material with Conductive and Semiconductive Nanoparticles
    Makmud MZH, Illias HA, Chee CY, Dabbak SZA
    Materials (Basel), 2019 Mar 11;12(5).
    PMID: 30861988 DOI: 10.3390/ma12050816
    This study provides a thorough investigation of partial discharge (PD) activities in nanofluid insulation material consisting of different types of nanoparticles, which are conductive and semiconductive when subjected to high voltage stress is presented. Nanofluids have become a topic of interest because they can be an alternative to liquid insulation in electrical apparatus due to their promising dielectric strength and cooling ability. However, during in-service operation, PDs can occur between conductors in the insulation system. Therefore, this study presents the behavior of PDs within nanofluid dielectric materials consisting of conductive and semiconductive nanoparticles. The results show that there is an improvement in the PD resistance and a reduction in the tan delta of nanofluids at power frequency after the incorporation of conductive or semiconductive nanoparticles in the nanofluid oil. However, the most suitable concentration of conductive and semiconductive nanoparticles in the base fluid was found to be, respectively, 0.01 g/L and 1.0 g/L at PD inception and PD steady-state conditions. The clustering of nanoparticles in a nanofluid suspension due to PD activities is also discussed in this study.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electricity
  15. Fulltext Analysis of a low refractive index grating waveguide polarisation splitter based on resonant tunnelling
    Yusoff, M.H.M., Hassan, H.A., Hashim, M.R., Abd-Rahman, M.K.
    ASM Science Journal, 2008;2(2):139-148.
    MyJurnal
    The fabrication tolerance of a short and compact low refractive index grating waveguide polarisation splitter based on the principle of resonant tunnelling was analyzed in this study. The design utilised two grating waveguides with an intermediate conventional waveguide layer. The design and optimisation were conducted using the quasi 2-D effective index solver with global search algorithm. An optimum device operating at 1.55 μm wavelength was obtained at a length of 340 μm. The splitting ratios were calculated to be 36 dB and 15 dB, and the overall device transmission efficiencies, after considering the three-dimensional waveguide leakage loss, were estimated at 88% and 83% for tranverse magnetic and tranverse electric polarisation, respectively.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electricity
  16. Fulltext Dielectrophoretic separation of cells using 3-D microelectrode
    Zurina Zainal Abidin, Zalini Yunus, Markx, Gerard H.
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2009;17(2):-.
    MyJurnal
    The dielectrophoretic (DEP) separation of cell, using microelectrodes structure, has been limited to small scale due to size of the substrate. This work was carried out to extend the capability of microelectrodes system by orientating the microelectrodes in three dimensions (3-D) for larger scale dielectrophoretic separation of microorganism. The designed 3-D separation chamber consists of microelectrodes on two opposing walls. Based on the FEMLAB simulation, the electric field was seen to be generated across the chamber, rather than between adjacent electrodes in the same plane like in the small scale system. This configuration led to a stronger electric field in the bulk medium. The experimental results showed that the 3-D microelectrodes chamber behaved similar to the system with microelectrodes on one wall. The effects of the main parameters such as voltage, frequency and flow rates were similar to that of the systems with all the electrodes on one wall, but on the overall, capture more cells. A gap size between 250 – 500 μm resulted in an electric field which is strong enough to hold cells while giving a reasonable cross sectional area at the same time. Although there is some improvement achieved by 3-D system, it is still not very much, as compared to the small scale system.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electricity
  17. Fulltext Full-scaled impulse turbine performance prediction using numerical simulation
    A. Sahed, F. B. Ismail Alnaimi
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2014;22(1):289-305.
    MyJurnal
    This paper presents the numerical modelling techniques for the simulation of the energy conversion chain from wave to electricity in an Oscillating Water Column (OWC) equipped with a full-scaled self rectifying turbine. The performance of the OWC device has been assessed for the stand-alone power system of a typical Irish climatic wave condition. The results showed that the overall performance of the complete device depends on the level of turbine damping, which in turn depends on the wave climate, especially the significant wave height. Furthermore, turbine efficiency predicted using quasi-steady showed qualitatively favourable agreement with the experimental results.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electricity
  18. Fulltext Analysis of AC - to - DC uncontrolled converters harmonics for electric vehicles applications
    Shaker M. Khudher, Ishak Aris, Nashiren F. Mailah, Sahbudin, R.K.Z.
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2017;25(102):283-290.
    MyJurnal
    This paper discusses the harmonic analysis of the AC-to-DC uncontrolled converters commonly used in electric vehicles charging station. The aim of this paper is to model and simulate different rectifier models in addition to explaining the differences in input current harmonics, the total Harmonic Distortion (THD) as well as the power factor (pf). The converter configurations include single-phase bridge, 6-pulse and 12-pulse rectifier circuits. The single phase is normally used for electric scooter charging, while three-phase converters can be used for both electric bus and car charging. The circuit configurations of the rectifiers were modelled and simulated using Matlab R2014a to achieve the objective of the study. The results revealed that the THD levels were extremely high which is unacceptable if the system is connected to the utility grid.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electricity
  19. Fulltext Facile synthesis of N- (4-bromophenyl)-1- (3-bromothiophen-2-yl)methanimine derivatives via Suzuki cross-coupling reaction: their characterization and DFT studies
    Rizwan K, Rasool N, Rehman R, Mahmood T, Ayub K, Rasheed T, et al.
    Chem Cent J, 2018 Jul 17;12(1):84.
    PMID: 30019193 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-018-0451-0
    A variety of imine derivatives have been synthesized via Suzuki cross coupling of N-(4-bromophenyl)-1-(3-bromothiophen-2-yl)methanimine with various arylboronic acids in moderate to good yields (58-72%). A wide range of electron donating and withdrawing functional groups were well tolerated in reaction conditions. To explore the structural properties, Density functional theory (DFT) investigations on all synthesized molecules (3a-3i) were performed. Conceptual DFT reactivity descriptors and molecular electrostatic potential analyses were performed by using B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) method to explore the reactivity and reacting sites of all derivatives (3a-3i).
    Matched MeSH terms: Static Electricity
  20. Fulltext A Compact Ultrawideband Antenna Based on Hexagonal Split-Ring Resonator for pH Sensor Application
    Islam MT, Ashraf FB, Alam T, Misran N, Mat KB
    Sensors (Basel), 2018 Sep 05;18(9).
    PMID: 30189669 DOI: 10.3390/s18092959
    A compact ultrawideband (UWB) antenna based on a hexagonal split-ring resonator (HSRR) is presented in this paper for sensing the pH factor. The modified HSRR is a new concept regarding the conventional square split-ring resonator (SSRR). Two HSRRs are interconnected with a strip line and a split in one HSRR is introduced to increase the electrical length and coupling effect. The presented UWB antenna consists of three unit cells on top of the radiating patch element. This combination of UWB antenna and HSRR gives double-negative characteristics which increase the sensitivity of the UWB antenna for the pH sensor. The proposed ultrawideband antenna metamaterial sensor was designed and fabricated on FR-4 substrate. The electrical length of the proposed metamaterial antenna sensor is 0.238 × 0.194 × 0.016 λ, where λ is the lowest frequency of 3 GHz. The fractional bandwidth and bandwidth dimension ratio were achieved with the metamaterial-inspired antenna as 146.91% and 3183.05, respectively. The operating frequency of this antenna sensor covers the bandwidth of 17 GHz, starting from 3 to 20 GHz with a realized gain of 3.88 dB. The proposed HSRR-based ultrawideband antenna sensor is found to reach high gain and bandwidth while maintaining the smallest electrical size, a highly desired property for pH-sensing applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electricity
Related Terms
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links