Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 36 in total

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  1. Mariani, A.N., Marhanis-Salihah, O., Adliah, M.A., Mohd, M.B.
    Medicine & Health, 2020;15(2):56-65.
    MyJurnal
    Peningkatan jumlah warga tua dikaitkan dengan penambahan masalah dalam penjagaan kesihatan. Dengan kerumitan penyakit yang berkaitan dengan usia, sistem pengurusan ubat yang baik adalah penting untuk mencegah kesilapan ubat. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk membangunkan soal selidik untuk menilai pengetahuan, sikap dan amalan (KAP) penjaga terhadap pengurusan ubat di rumah jagaan kejururawatan (RACFs). Satu kajian keratan rentas telah dijalankan dan melibatkan penjaga dari 90 RACF di seluruh Malaysia. Soal selidik yang dibangunkan berdasarkan tinjauan literatur dan pendapat pakar ini mengandungi 41 item yang dibahagikan kepada tiga domain. Dalam kajian ini, kadar respons adalah 71% dengan 128 soal selidik yang dikembalikan. Skor median yang diperolehi untuk pengetahuan, sikap dan amalan masing-masing adalah 77.27, 70.83 dan 68.66. Majoriti penjaga (71.9%) disifatkan mengetahui asas pengurusan ubat, bagaimanapun, hampir separuh daripada mereka (48.4%) tidak pernah menerima sebarang latihan mengenainya. Lebih separuh daripada penjaga mempunyai tahap pengetahuan yang baik (69.5%, n = 89), separuh lagi (57.8%, n = 74) mempunyai sikap yang baik dan kurang daripada separuh mempunyai amalan yang baik (46.9%) terhadap pengurusan ubat. Tahap pendidikan, kelayakan khusus dan pengalaman latihan pengurusan ubat adalah faktor yang dikaitkan dengan hasil skor yang baik (p
    Matched MeSH terms: Esterases
  2. Mazlan SNHS, Ali MSM, Rahman RNZRA, Sabri S, Jonet MA, Leow TC
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2018 Nov;119:1188-1194.
    PMID: 30102982 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.022
    GDSL esterase J15 (EstJ15) is a member of Family II of lipolytic enzyme. The enzyme was further classified in subgroup SGNH hydrolase due to the presence of highly conserve motif, Ser-Gly-Asn-His in four conserved blocks I, II, III, and V, respectively. X-ray quality crystal of EstJ15 was obtained from optimized formulation containing 0.10 M ammonium sulphate, 0.15 M sodium cacodylate trihydrate pH 6.5, and 20% PEG 8000. The crystal structure of EstJ15 was solved at 1.38 Å with one molecule per asymmetric unit. The structure exhibits α/β hydrolase fold and shared low amino acid sequence identity of 23% with the passenger domain of the autotransporter EstA of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The active site is located at the centre of the structure, formed a narrow tunnel that hinder long substrates to be catalysed which was proven by the protein-ligand docking analysis. This study facilitates the understanding of high substrate specificity of EstJ15 and provide insights on its catalytic mechanism.
    Matched MeSH terms: Esterases/metabolism; Esterases/chemistry*
  3. Nur Hamiza Adenan, Mohd Salmi Md Noorani
    Sains Malaysiana, 2015;44:463-471.
    Bencana banjir boleh menjejaskan kehidupan dan harta benda. Risiko kejadian banjir boleh diminimumkan jika amaran
    awal dapat dikeluarkan. Di atas inisiatif ini, peramalan aliran sungai harian dijalankan di sebuah stesen aliran sungai
    di Sungai Muda, Malaysia yang terletak di dataran banjir. Peramalan dengan mengaplikasikan pendekatan kalut
    melibatkan dua langkah iaitu pembinaan semula ruang fasa dan peramalan. Pembinaan ruang fasa melibatkan satu
    pemboleh ubah iaitu data aliran sungai yang dibina semula kepada m-dimensi dengan menggunakan nilai optimum
    dimensi pembenaman daripada kaedah Cao dan variasi nilai dimensi pembenaman untuk pendekatan songsang. Hasil
    daripada pembinaan ruang fasa ini digunakan untuk meramal aliran sungai dengan menggunakan kaedah peramalan
    setempat. Hasil kajian menunjukkan data aliran Sungai Muda adalah bertelatah kalut berdasarkan analisis daripada
    kaedah Cao. Keseluruhan hasil peramalan bagi kedua-dua kaedah dapat memberikan peramalan yang baik berdasarkan
    pekali korelasi yang tinggi. Namun, kombinasi parameter asas bagi pendekatan songsang memberikan hasil peramalan
    yang lebih baik. Oleh itu, pendekatan songsang boleh dicadangkan bagi meramal data aliran sungai harian dengan
    tujuan memberikan maklumat penting mengenai sistem aliran sungai di dataran banjir terutamanya di Sungai Muda.
    Matched MeSH terms: Esterases
  4. Maznah Mat Kasim, Abdul Aziz Jemain
    Sains Malaysiana, 2013;42:667-672.
    Keputusan terakhir yang dicari dalam menyelesaikan masalah berbilang kriteria ialah satu pangkat kedudukan unit yang dianalisis berdasarkan prestasi keseluruhan unit-unit tersebut. Satu cara untuk mendapatkan prestasi keseluruhan setiap unit adalah dengan menggabungkan prestasi dan wajaran kriteria masing-masing melalui pelbagai kaedah pengagregatan. Kajian tertumpu kepada penerapan tiga kaedah asas pangkat dalam menilai kepentingan kriteria yang melibatkan satu panel penilai dengan kewibawaan berbeza. Hanya dua pendekatan pengagregatan berasaskan kaedah pemurataan tertib berpemberat sesuai diutarakan agar hasil akhir boleh dicapai. Setiap pendekatan pengagregatan yang dicadangkan diringi dengan contoh pengiraan.
    Matched MeSH terms: Esterases
  5. Maznah Mat Kasim, Abdul Aziz Jemain
    Sains Malaysiana, 2012;41:353-360.
    Masalah berbilang kriteria merupakan satu masalah yang terdiri daripada satu kumpulan unit yang dinilai berasaskan beberapa kriteria tertentu. Keputusan terakhir yang dihajati ialah satu pangkat kedudukan unit yang dianalisis berasaskan prestasi keseluruhan masing-masing. Satu cara untuk mendapatkan prestasi keseluruhan setiap unit ialah dengan menggabungkan prestasi dan wajaran kriteria masing-masing melalui pelbagai kaedah pengagregatan. Kajian tertumpu kepada penerapan tiga kaedah asas pangkat dalam menilai kepentingan kriteria yang melibatkan satu panel penilai. Empat pendekatan pengagregatan berasaskan kaedah pemurataan tertib berpemberat dicadangkan untuk dimanfaatkan agar hasil akhir boleh dicapai. Setiap pendekatan pengagregatan yang dicadangkan diringi dengan contoh pengiraan.
    Matched MeSH terms: Esterases
  6. Ainoon O, Jabamoney AJ, Cheong SK
    Malays J Pathol, 1991 Jun;13(1):47-9.
    PMID: 1724544
    Most methods used in double esterase cytochemistry for the diagnosis and classification of acute myeloid leukaemias require double incubation and staining, using separate coupling reagents. We evaluated a method by Swirsky on our normal and abnormal blood and bone marrow smears where only a single incubation and the use of a single coupling reagent is required. Its short incubation period and its strong positive reaction for butyrate esterase in demonstrating cells of monocytic lineage gives it an advantage over the conventional double incubation technique.
    Matched MeSH terms: Esterases/analysis*
  7. Emma Binti Tingkas, Syahruddin Awg Ahmad
    MyJurnal
    Kaum wanita sebagai figura dunia merupakan satu pengikitirafan dan penghormatan tertinggi bagi mereka. Beberapa ‘figura’ wanita dunia dijadikan sebagai unit analisis untuk mengkategorikan gaya komunikasi yang diaplikasi dalam melaksanakan tanggungjawab sebagai ketua kerajaan dan juga sebagai idola masyarakat dunia.Salah satu ciri untuk menjadi figura dan pemimpin yang berkesan adalah dengan mengamalkan gaya komunikasi yang difikirkan sesuai berdasarkan persoalan tentang Siapa, Di mana dan Bagaimana gaya komunikasi tersebut diaplikasikan. Gaya komunikasi merupakan satu wadahyang digunakan bukan sahaja untuk memastikan kelancaran perjalanan pengurusan sesebuah organisasi namun juga penting dalam urusan hal ehwal tadbir melibatkan kerajaan sesebuah negara serta ketika berhadapan dengan khalayak. “The way you lead is thru the way you speak” merupakan falsafah budaya kepemimpinan yang menjadi asas kepada kertas kerja ini. Konsep kertas kerja ini adalah berpaksikan kepada enam gaya komunikasi oleh Tubbs dan Moss (2008) dengan menggunakan kaedah analisis dokumen. Kertas kerja ini juga akan memberikan pemahaman yang lebih jelas tentang gaya komunikasi yang diamalkan oleh ‘figura’wanita dunia dalam melaksanakan praktis pengurusan dan pentadbiran kerajaan, organisasi yang diwakili mahupun sewaktu mereke perlu berhadapan dengan publik. Kertas kerja ini diharapkan mampu untuk menjadi perintis agar satu kajian yang lebih mendalam berkaitan karisma wanita samaada sebagai ketua kerajaan mahupun “public figure”daripada aspek komunikasi dapat dilakukan pada masa akan datang
    Matched MeSH terms: Esterases
  8. Abdul Aziz Jemain
    This paper offers a technique to create a development index among districts. To determine the weight for each criterion in the index entropy theory was used. Two approaches for criteria normalization were also suggested. The data obtained from 1991 census conducted in Peninsular Malaysia were utilized as illustration.
    Kertas ini mencadangkan teknik pembinaan indeks kemajuan daerah. Teori entropy digunakan untuk menentukan pemberat bagi kriteria yang digunakan dalam pembinaan indeks. Dua pendekatan menormalkan data turut dicadangkan. Contoh pembinaan indeks dikemukakan berdasarkan kemudahan asas yang terdapat di daerah-daerah di Semenanjung Malaysia seperti yang diperoleh berdasarkan banci tahun 1991.
    Matched MeSH terms: Esterases
  9. Ramlah Zainudin, Badrul Munir Mohd Zain, Shukor Mohd Nor, Norhayati Ahmad, Mustafa Abdul Rahman, Inger. RF
    Rakaman panggilan katak Borneo daripada genus Hylarana telah dijalankan di tujuh lokasi kajian di Sarawak, Malaysia. Sebanyak 12 individu daripada lima spesies katak Borneo telah berjaya dirakam dan dianalisis. Daripada 38 pembolehubah panggilan, hanya 27 daripadanya dapat menerangkan ciri-ciri panggilan daripada katak Hylarana Borneo. Saiz katak jantan mempengaruhi secara signifikan tenaga panggilan antara 90:50% amplitud puncak, tempoh nadi di antara 50%, nisbah tempoh panggilan untuk mencapai setengah modulasi frekuensi dan kadar ulangan not. Saiz katak Hylarana Borneo sedikit mempengaruhi frekuensi asas dan dominan panggilan. Di samping itu, taburan pembolehubah panggilan katak dan dendogram Euclid menyokong identiti taksonomi bagi setiap spesies katak Borneo Hylarana.
    Matched MeSH terms: Esterases
  10. Low VL, Chen CD, Lee HL, Tan TK, Chen CF, Leong CS, et al.
    PLoS One, 2013;8(11):e79928.
    PMID: 24278220 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079928
    There has been no comprehensive study on biochemical characterization of insecticide resistance mechanisms in field populations of Malaysian Culex quinquefasciatus. To fill this void in the literature, a nationwide investigation was performed to quantify the enzyme activities, thereby attempting to characterize the potential resistance mechanisms in Cx. quinquefasciatus in residential areas in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Esterases/metabolism*
  11. Chen YP, Sudderuddin KI
    PMID: 749224
    Toxicity tests carried out on the larvae of A. aegypti and C. quinquefasciatus showed the former to be more tolerant of all insecticides tested, the order of toxicity being temephos greater than DDT greater than DDVP greater than malathion greater than lindane greater than carbaryl; also the second instar larvae of A. aegypti were more susceptible than fourth instar larvae. Enzyme kinetic studies on the total non-specific esterases and CarEs of adults and larvae of both species showed the Km values for total esterases of adult A. aegypti to be 0.333 mM vs 0.233 mM for C. quinquefasciatus; for adult CarEs it was 0.250 mM vs 0.220 mM. For total larval esterases of A. aegypti it was 0.112 mM vs 0.175 mM for C. quinquefasciatus: and for larval CarES it was 0.159 mM vs 0.213 mM respectively. Although some correlation between in vivo toxicity (LD50 values) and in vitro esterase inhibition (I50 values) between species could be discerned, overall correlation could not be established.
    Matched MeSH terms: Esterases/metabolism
  12. Spieth PT
    Genetics, 1975 Aug;80(4):785-805.
    PMID: 1193373
    Electrophoretically detectable variation in the fungus Neurospora intermedia has been surveyed among isolates from natural populations in Malaya, Papua, Australia and Florida. The principal result is a pattern of genetic variation within and between populations that is qualitatively no different than the well documented patterns for Drosophila and humans. In particular, there is a high level of genetic variation, the majority of which occurs at the level of local populations. Evidence is presented which argues that N. intermedia has a population structure analogous to that of an annual vascular plant with a high level of vegetative reproduction. Sexual reproduction appears to be a regular feature in the biology of the species. Substantial heterokaryon function seems unlikely in natural populations of N. intermedia. Theoretical considerations concerning the mechanisms underlying the observed pattern of variation most likely should be consistent with haploid selection theory. The implications of this constraint upon the theory are discussed in detail, leading to the presentation of a model based upon the concept of environmental heterogenicity. The essence of the model, which is equally applicable to haploid and diploid situations, is a shifting distribution of multiple adaptive niches among local populations such that a given population has a small net selective pressure in favor of one allele or another, depending upon its particular distribution of niches. Gene flow among neighboring populations with differing net selective pressures is postulated as the principal factor underlying intrapopulational allozyme variation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Esterases/biosynthesis
  13. Roslan, J., Mustapa Kamal, S.M., Md. Yunos, K.F., Abdullah, N.
    MyJurnal
    Fish protein hydrolysate was recovered from tilapia by-product (TB) through enzymatic hydrolysis using alcalase enzyme. Hydrolysis reaction of TB was monitored according to the degree of hydrolysis (DH) by employing O-phtaldialdehyde (OPA) method. Optimization process for obtaining high yield of TB protein hydrolysate was performed using response surface methodology (RSM) by optimizing a combination of four independent variables namely, pH (6.5-8.5), temperature (55-70oC), substrate concentration (10-17.5% w/v), and enzyme concentration (1.5-3.5% w/w) with (DH) as a response. The optimum enzymatic hydrolysis conditions were obtained at pH 7.5, temperature of 60oC, substrate concentration of 15% (w/v) and 2.5% (w/w) of enzyme concentration and yielded about 20.20% of DH after hydrolyzing for 120 min. RSM generated model predicted that 20.42% of DH could be achieved at these conditions and this model was valid based on the DH value obtained from the experimental study (20.31%) which was quite similar with the predicted value. High yield of DH obtained from the optimization process could produce fish protein hydrolysate with good nutritional and functional properties.
    Matched MeSH terms: Esterases
  14. Lee HL, Tadano T
    PMID: 7855659
    The ability to identify the occurrence of different resistance genotypes in field populations of mosquito is considered important for the purpose of optimising chemical control operations. The recent development of rapid microassays of enzymes responsible for resistance has provided a means for rapidly assessing the genetic background of target mosquito populations. This concept is the topic of investigation in this study. Non-specific esterase activity, which is responsible for the resistance to organophosphates in Malaysian Culex quinquefasciatus Say adults, was determined in 3 field populations from Kuala Lumpur City using rapid enzyme assay. The optical density results were used to estimate the genotypic frequencies of the populations. Subsequently, time-dependent changes in the various frequencies were determined. Such techniques allowed rapid assessment of resistance genotypes for decision-making and its possible use in insect control merits further investigation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Esterases/analysis*; Esterases/genetics
  15. Yoke OP, Sudderuddin KI
    PMID: 818717
    Toxicological studies of four insecticides (malathion, carbaryl, bioresmethrin, and GH 74) against Musca domestica vicinia (Ampang strain) were undertaken with particular reference to age, sex and posttreatment temperature. It was found that bioresmethrin and GH 74, both with a negative temperature coefficient, have great potential for use against houseflies. In vitro inhibitory studies of head and body esterases showed that unlike malathion and carbaryl, bioresmethrin had only negligible effect on these enzymes. The possibilities of using bioresmethrin and GH 74 for controlling the housefly problem in the Cameron Highlands, West Malaysia are discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Esterases/antagonists & inhibitors; Esterases/metabolism
  16. Yetti, M., Nazamid, B.S., Roselina, K., Abdulkarim, S.M.
    MyJurnal
    The native sago starch exists as a compact crystalline structure and is not efficiently hydrolyzed by Raw Starch Degrading Enzyme (RSDE). In order to enhance its hydrolysability, the starch was treated with acid and heated below its gelatinization temperature, thus increasing the accessibility of the sago starch granule to enzymatic attack. Results showed that treatment of sago starch with acid at pH 2.0 and temperature 65oC for 2 hours greatly enhanced its conversion rate to glucose from 53.3% to 71.9%. It is clearly shown that high yield of glucose is produced during hydrolysis of acid-treated sago starch using the Raw Starch Degrading Enzyme from Acremonium sp. The difference between the acid-treated and untreated sago starch in this study could be due to the differences on the surface of the sago starch granule which may influence the accessibility and diffusion of enzyme into the starch during hydrolysis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Esterases
  17. Nazni WA, Lee HL, Sa'diyah I
    PMID: 10772575
    Wild caught female Culex quinquefasciatus (Say) from Kuala Lumpur were blood fed and reared in the insectarium. The late third stage of the F1 larvae which survived the high selection pressure of malathion and permethrin were reared and colonies were established from adults that emerged. Larvae from these colonies were then subjected in the subsequent 9 generations to higher selection pressure. The rate of resistance development were measured by LC50 value of larval bioassay, LT50 value of adult bioassay and the frequency of the elevated esterase levels. In another set of experiments using the same batch of Culex mosquitos, the larvae were not exposed to any insecticides and the decrease in resistance rate was monitored in each subsequent 9 generations by using similar methods. The heterozygous standard laboratory strain was selected for susceptibility using the single raft sib-selection method. The result showed that the field collected F1 generation was 96.0 and 6.3 fold more resistant to malathion and permethrin, respectively. After selection for about 9 generations the resistance ratio to malathion and permethrin was 6.2 and 767.3 fold more compared to the LC50 values of F1 generations, respectively. Esterase in F1 larvae was 6.0 fold more than the standard laboratory strain.
    Matched MeSH terms: Esterases/metabolism
  18. Yong HS, Cheong WH, Chiang GL, Dhaliwal SS, Loong KP, Sarjan R
    Comp. Biochem. Physiol., B, 1983;76(3):611-3.
    PMID: 6641178
    Three taxa of the malaria mosquito Anopheles balabacensis complex representing three geographical regions (Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia and Sabah) in Southeast Asia, were analysed for genetic variation at 15 gene-enzyme systems. The Sabah taxon was monomorphic for all the 15 gene-enzyme systems. Only two gene-enzyme systems (esterase and glucose phosphate isomerase) were variable in the Thailand and Peninsular Malaysia taxa. The average heterozygosity or gene diversity was 0.007 for the Thailand taxon and 0.028 for the Peninsular Malaysia (Perlis) taxon. There were no unique gene-enzyme markers in the three taxa studied. The average values of genetic identities (0.933-0.997) and genetic distances (0.003-0.069) indicate that these three taxa are of subspecific status.
    Matched MeSH terms: Esterases/genetics
  19. Tan SG, Teng YS, Ganesan J, Lau KY, Lie-Injo LE
    Hum Genet, 1979 Jul 18;49(3):349-53.
    PMID: 289626
    Kadazans, the largest indigenous group in Sabah, northern Borneo, were surveyed for glyoxalase I, phosphoglucomutase I, red cell acid phosphatase, esterase D, adenosine deaminase, soluble glutamate pyruvate transaminase, soluble glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase, uridine monophosphate kinase, adenylate kinase, peptidase B and D, superoxide dismutase, C5, group specific component, haptoglobin and transferrin. Kadazans were found to be polymorphic for GLO I, PGM I, RCAP, esterase D, ADA, s-Gpt, 6PGD, UMPK, Gc, C5, haptoglobin and peptidase B. Rare variants were found for transferrin and peptidase D. No variant was found for s-Got, SOD and AK.
    Matched MeSH terms: Esterases/genetics
  20. Teng YS, Tan SG, Lopez CG, Ng T, Lie-Injo LE
    Hum Genet, 1978 Apr 24;41(3):347-54.
    PMID: 649160
    Malaysians of Malay, Chinese, and Indian ancestries were electrophoretically phenotyped for Amy1 and saliva esterase region 1 (Set-1) from saliva, Amy2 from plasma, soluble and mitochondrial GOT and PGM3 from leukocyte and placenta. Kadazans and Bajaus, the indigenous people of Sabah, East Malaysia were surveyed for Amy2. Three types of variants were observed for Amy1, one type for Amy2. Only Indians were found to be polymorphic for Amy1. Two GOTs 2-1 and three GOTm 2-1 variants were found among 281 Chinese while three GOTm 2-1 variants were found among 311 Malays. Malaysian Malays, Chinese, and Indians were found to be polymorphic for Set-1 and PGM3. The gene frequencies in Malays are Set-1F=0.601 +/- 0.021, Set-1S = 0.399 +/- 0.021; PGM13 = 0.788 +/- 0.020, PGM23 = 0.212 +/- 0.020; in Chinese Set-1F = 0.497 +/- 0.028, Set-1S = 0.503 +/- 0.028; PGM13 = 0.745 +/- 0.24, PGM23 = 0.255 +/- 0.024; in Indians, Set-1F = 0.449 +/- 0.031, Set-1S = 0.551 +/- 0.031; PGM13 = 0.755 +/- 0.029, PGM23 = 0.245 +/- 0.029.
    Matched MeSH terms: Esterases/genetics*
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