METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted at a tertiary hospital in Malaysia. The data were collected over a period of 6 months via online distribution of the Personal Information Form, Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire (COPSOQ) version III and Professional Quality of Life (ProQOL) version V questionnaires. The Cronbach's alpha internal consistency of the questionnaire scales was mostly acceptable and above 0.75. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the sociodemographic and rank domains of work environment-related factors for nurses and their levels of compassion satisfaction and compassion fatigue. Relationships between sociodemographic factors and the levels of compassion fatigue, compassion satisfaction, and burnout were assessed by bivariate analyses. A p value
DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: To this end, a systematic literature review was conducted with 89 articles selected through a SPAR-4-SLR systematic procedure. The document for this systematic review was collected from Scopus database. The VoSviewer software facilitates the analysis of keyword co-occurrence to form the fundamental structure of the subject field.
FINDINGS: In addition, this study proposes a future research agenda revolving around three main themes such as (1) telemedicine, (2) mental health and (3) medical information.
ORIGINALITY/VALUE: This study underscores the significance, implications and predictors of chatbot usage in healthcare services. It is concluded that adopting the proposed future direction and further research on chatbots in healthcare will help to refine chatbot systems to better meet the needs of patients.
METHODS: The current systematic review and meta-analysis examined VDR gene polymorphisms with PCOS in case-control and cohort studies. Relevant keywords were used to search Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, MEDLINE, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar for peer-reviewed publications until July 1, 2024. Selected papers were assessed for risk bias and quality using the Modified Newcastle-Ottawa scale. A meta-analysis was conducted using a random-effect model. The association between VDR gene polymorphism(s) and PCOS in women was reported as odds ratios (ORs) with 95 % confidence intervals (CIs).
RESULTS: Twenty eligible studies, including 5618 subjects, were included in systematic review and meta-analysis. This study revealed a significant association between ApaI (rs7975232; OR = 1.18, 95 % CI = 1.06-1.30, p
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A community-based prospective cohort study was carried out in the Udupi district. Over 12 months, all newly diagnosed TB patients of either gender were included from 63 primary health centers and 6 community health centers, and ADRs were recorded by personal interviews.
RESULTS: A total of 710 patients were enrolled, among whom 453 (63.8%), were males, and 257 (36.2%) were females. Pulmonary TB was diagnosed among 510 (71.8%) and 200 (28.2%) were extrapulmonary cases. During the intensive phase (IP) of treatment, 480 (67.6%) patients reported at least one ADR and 79 (11.1%) experienced two ADRs during IP and 31 (6.5%) had ADRs during the continuation phase. Out of 480, 140 (29.2%) had gastritis, 132 (27.5%) had vomiting, 105 (21.9%) had nausea, 60 (12.5%) had skin rashes, 27 (5.6%) had drug-induced hepatitis, and 16 (3.3%) had vision problems. Among 480 patients with ADRs, 462 (96.3%) had successful treatment outcomes, the remaining 17 patients (3.5%) died, and one (0.2%) had treatment failure.
CONCLUSIONS: Adverse events were more common in the 1st few months of treatment than in subsequent months. All mild-to-moderate ADRs were effectively managed, and most had successful treatment outcomes.
METHODS: Twleve months duration long randomized controlled trial from January to December 2021 will be carried out at Shaikh Zayed Medical Complex (SZMC), Lahore. A total of 440 patients aged 18 years and older diagnosed with hypertension in the last month with non- adherence to antihypertensive therapy <80% of pills used in the last 30 days and have access to a smartphone will be randomized into either the intervention group (n=220) or the control group (n=220). For the intervention arm, a comprehensive intervention, the "Multi-Aid-Package," consisting of seven items: written, voice, and graphics messages, animated video, educational material, and a 24/7 help service, has been designed. Standard care will be provided to the control group. The primary outcome will be improved adherence to antihypertensive medication, while the secondary outcome will be an alteration in systolic blood pressure (SBP). The analysis will be intention to treat.
CONCLUSION: According to this study, if the multifunctional Multi-Aid-Package proves to be a useful mobile health tool for improving hypertension patients' medication adherence, it will also significantly affect systolic blood pressure. In Pakistan and other comparable low- and middle-income countries LMICs, the Multi-Aid-Package ought to be taken into consideration as a means of enhancing adherence to medications among hypertension patients.
METHODS: We systematically searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science up until April 01, 2024, to find studies reporting the prevalence and severity of neurological and musculoskeletal complications associated with Lyme disease. Screening and data extraction were conducted using Nested Knowledge software. Two independent reviewers performed the quality assessment using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Meta-analyses were performed using R software v4.3, employing a random-effects model.
RESULTS: Out of 3576 records, 17 studies were included, involving 3932 participants. These studies revealed significant prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms (21.1%) and neurological disabilities (18%) among Lyme disease patients. The analysis showed a notable increase in risk for both complications in individuals with Lyme disease, with pooled Risk Ratios (RR) of 1.82 for musculoskeletal symptoms and 1.64 for neurological disabilities, indicating a significantly higher risk compared to control groups. Although heterogeneity across the studies was high, sensitivity analysis confirmed the consistency of our findings. Additionally, there was evidence of publication bias.
CONCLUSION: The study reveals significant neurological and musculoskeletal complications in Lyme disease patients, emphasizing the importance of early diagnosis, comprehensive treatment, and supportive care. The noted heterogeneity and potential publication bias highlight the need for transparent research and further study on long-term outcomes.
METHODS: In the present research, Aspergillus unguis, an endophytic fungal strain derived from the marine sponge A. suberitoides was successfully isolated and characterized. Subsequently, ethyl acetate extraction and isolation of chemical constituents produced was performed. The structures of the isolated compounds were identified using several spectroscopic methods, ie, UV, NMR, and mass spectrometry. Thereafter, MDA-MB-231, MCF-7 breast cancer cells and HaCat cells were treated with the isolated compounds. Not only viability, apoptosis, and cell cycle analyses were conducted, but also the mRNA expression of MCL1, BCL2L1, AKT1 and CDK2 were evaluated.
RESULTS: The extract showed cytotoxic activity in breast cancer cells. Two novel compounds were successfully isolated and identified, ie, Unguisol A (15.1 mg) and Unguisol B (97.9 mg). Both compounds share the same basic skeleton and comprise an aromatic ring which is attached to a sulphur-containing, seven-membered ring via an oxygen atom. This marked the first-time isolation of Unguisol A and Unguisol B from A. unguis, highlighting their novelty. Both compounds induced early apoptosis (p < 0.01) and cell cycle arrest at the S phase (p < 0.05) in MDA-MB-231 cells, but not in HaCat cells. Both compounds suppressed BCL2L1 and AKT1 mRNA expression (p < 0.01).
CONCLUSION: Two novel compounds were isolated from A. unguis. Unguisol A and Unguisol B induced apoptosis in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells via BCL2L1 mRNA downregulation, while both compounds induced cell cycle arrest at the S phase through AKT1 mRNA downregulation.
METHODS: Previous studies relevant to this topic were identified from 7 databases. Searches were performed in PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, Psychology and Behavioral Science Collection (PBSC), Embase, PsychINFO from 1 Jan 1980 to 31 December 2023. The findings were reported according to caregiver burden, caregiver needs, and coping strategies.
RESULTS: 22 studies were included in this review, including 14 quantitative and 8 qualitative studies. Six types of burdens were identified: psychological, physical, medical, economic, social, and family. The predominantly reported burden was the psychological burden in developed and developing countries. However, caregivers in developing countries reported additional physical, social, and economic burdens due to cultural and socioeconomic factors. Furthermore, inaccessible and unaffordable health care with a lack of medical knowledge exacerbated the challenges. Stigma and misconceptions led to more psychological distress and social restriction. There is a need for psychological, social, and family support as well as medical information to promote self-efficacy among caregivers. Most caregivers develop their own coping strategies for dealing with caregiving stress.
CONCLUSION: The caregiving burden for AWE is an understudied area that needs to be addressed by healthcare professionals. The caregivers are experiencing unaddressed psychological and other types of burdens, together with a lack of appropriate interventions and healthcare information.