Affiliations 

  • 1 Island Malaria Group, Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 17177, Sweden
  • 2 Nagasaki University Nairobi Research Station, NUITM-KEMRI Project, Nairobi, 00202, Kenya
  • 3 Department of Clinical Medicine, Mount Kenya University, Thika, 01000, Kenya
  • 4 National Malaria Control Programme, Ministry of Public Health and Sanitation, Nairobi, 00100, Kenya
  • 5 Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Centre for Global Health Research, Kisumu, 40100, Kenya
  • 6 Department of Parasitology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, 558-8585, Japan
Sci Rep, 2016 11 14;6:36958.
PMID: 27841361 DOI: 10.1038/srep36958

Abstract

Kenya is intensifying its national efforts in malaria control to achieve malaria elimination. Detailed characterization of malaria infection among populations living in the areas where the disease is endemic in Kenya is a crucial priority, especially for planning and evaluating future malaria elimination strategy. This study aimed to investigate the distribution and extent of malaria infection on islands in Lake Victoria of Kenya to aid in designing new interventions for malaria elimination. Five cross-sectional surveys were conducted between January 2012 and August 2014 on four islands (Mfangano, Takawiri, Kibuogi and Ngodhe) in Lake Victoria and a coastal mainland (Ungoye). Malaria prevalence varied significantly among settings: highest in Ungoye, followed by the large island of Mfangano and lowest in the three remaining small islands. Of the 3867 malaria infections detected by PCR, 91.8% were asymptomatic, 50.3% were sub-microscopic, of which 94% were also asymptomatic. We observed geographical differences and age dependency in both proportion of sub-microscopic infections and asymptomatic parasite carriage. Our findings highlighted the local heterogeneity in malaria prevalence on islands and a coastal area in Lake Victoria, and provided support for the inclusion of mass drug administration as a component of the intervention package to eliminate malaria on islands.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.