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Biochanin a gastroprotective effects in ethanol-induced gastric mucosal ulceration in rats

Hajrezaie M 1 , Salehen N 2 , Karimian H 2 , Zahedifard M 1 , Shams K 2 , Al Batran R 2 Show all authors , Majid NA 3 , Khalifa SA 4 , Ali HM 5 , El-Seedi H 6 , Abdulla MA 2

Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 2 Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 3 Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 4 Department of Experimental Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-141 86, Stockholm, Sweden
  • 5 Department of Chemistry, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 6 Department of Experimental Hematology, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-141 86, Stockholm, Sweden; Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, SE-75 123, Uppsala, Sweden
PLoS One, 2015;10(3):e0121529.
PMID: 25811625 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121529

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Biochanin A notable bioactive compound which is found in so many traditional medicinal plant. In vivo study was conducted to assess the protective effect of biochanin A on the gastric wall of Spraguedawley rats` stomachs.

METHODOLOGY: The experimental set included different animal groups. Specifically, four groups with gastric mucosal lesions were receiving either a) Ulcer control group treated with absolute ethanol (5 ml/kg), b) 20 mg/kg of omeprazole as reference group, c) 25 of biochanin A, d) 50 mg/kg of biochanin A. Histopathological sectioning followed by immunohistochemistry staining were undertaken to evaluate the influence of the different treatments on gastric wall mucosal layer. The gastric secretions were collected in the form of homogenate and exposed to superoxide dismutase (SOD) and nitric oxide enzyme (NO) and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and protein content were measured. Ulceration and patchy haemorrhage were clearly observed by light microscopy. The morphology of the gastric wall as confirmed by immunohistochemistry and fluorescent microscopic observations, exhibited sever deformity with notable thickness, oedematous and complete loss of the mucosal coverage however the biochanin-pretreated animals, similar to the omeprazole-pretreated animals, showed less damage compared to the ulcer control group. Moreover, up-regulation of Hsp70 protein and down-regulation of Bax protein were detected in the biochanin A pre-treated groups and the gastric glandular mucosa was positively stained with Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS) staining and the Leucocytes infiltration was commonly seen. Biochanin A displayed a great increase in SOD and NO levels and decreased the release of MDA.

CONCLUSIONS: This gastroprotective effect of biochanin A could be attributed to the enhancement of cellular metabolic cycles perceived as an increase in the SOD, NO activity, and decrease in the level of MDA, and also decrease in level of Bax expression and increase the Hsp70 expression level.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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