Displaying publications 201 - 220 of 536 in total

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  1. Investigation of Polycaprolactone Matrices for Intravaginal Delivery of Doxycycline
    Pathak M, Coombes AGA, Turner MS, Palmer C, Wang D, Steadman KJ
    J Pharm Sci, 2015 Dec;104(12):4217-4222.
    PMID: 26398713 DOI: 10.1002/jps.24652
    Polycaprolactone (PCL) matrices loaded with doxycycline were produced by rapidly cooling suspensions of the drug powder in PCL solution in acetone. Drug loadings of 5%, 10%, and 15% (w/w) of the PCL content were achieved. Exposure of doxycycline powder to matrix processing conditions in the absence of PCL revealed an endothermic peak at 65°C with the main peak at 167°C, suggesting solvatomorph formation. Rapid "burst release" of 24%-32% was measured within 24 h when matrices were immersed in simulated vaginal fluid (SVF) at 37°C, because of the presence of drug at or close to the matrix surface, which is further confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. Gradual release of 66%-76% of the drug content occurred over the following 14 days. SVF containing doxycycline released from drug-loaded PCL matrices retained 81%-90% antimicrobial activity compared with the nonformulated drug. The concentrations of doxycycline predicted to be released into vaginal fluid from a PCL matrix in the form of an intravaginal ring would be sufficient to kill Neisseria gonorrhoea and many other pathogens. These results indicate that PCL may be a suitable polymer for controlled intravaginal delivery of doxycycline for the treatment of sexually transmitted infections.
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Delivery Systems/methods
  2. Preparation, characterization, and in vitro release studies of insulin-loaded double-walled poly(lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres
    Ansary RH, Rahman MM, Awang MB, Katas H, Hadi H, Doolaanea AA
    Drug Deliv Transl Res, 2016 06;6(3):308-18.
    PMID: 26817478 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-016-0278-y
    The purpose of this study was to fabricate insulin-loaded double-walled and single-polymer poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres using a fast degrading glucose core, hydroxyl-terminated poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (Glu-PLGA), and a moderate degrading carboxyl-terminated PLGA polymers. A modified water-in-oil-in-oil-in-water (w/o/o/w) emulsion solvent evaporation technique was employed to prepare double-walled microspheres, whereas single-polymer microspheres were fabricated by a conventional water-in-oil-in-water (w/o/w) emulsion solvent evaporation method. The effect of fabrication techniques and polymer characteristics on microspheres size, morphology, encapsulation efficiency, in vitro release, and insulin stability was evaluated. The prepared double-walled microspheres were essentially non-porous, smooth surfaced, and spherical in shape, whereas single-polymer microspheres were highly porous. Double-walled microspheres exhibited a significantly reduced initial burst followed by sustained and almost complete release of insulin compared to single-polymer microspheres. Initial burst release was further suppressed from double-walled microspheres when the mass ratio of the component polymers was increased. In conclusion, double-walled microspheres made of Glu-PLGA and PLGA can be a potential delivery system of therapeutic insulin.
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Delivery Systems/methods
  3. Fulltext Vesicular drug delivery systems as theranostics in COVID-19
    Satija S, Mehta M, Sharma M, Prasher P, Gupta G, Chellappan DK, et al.
    Future Med Chem, 2020 09;12(18):1607-1609.
    PMID: 32589055 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2020-0149
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Delivery Systems*
  4. Gold nanostars-diagnosis, bioimaging and biomedical applications
    Mousavi SM, Zarei M, Hashemi SA, Ramakrishna S, Chiang WH, Lai CW, et al.
    Drug Metab Rev, 2020 05;52(2):299-318.
    PMID: 32150480 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2020.1734021
    Gold Nanostars (GNS) have attracted tremendous attention toward themselves owing to their multi-branched structure and unique properties. These state of the art metallic nanoparticles possess intrinsic features like remarkable optical properties and exceptional physiochemical activities. These star-shaped gold nanoparticles can predominantly be utilized in biosensing, photothermal therapy, imaging, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and target drug delivery applications due to their low toxicity and extraordinary optical features. In the current review, recent approaches in the matter of GNS in case of diagnosis, bioimaging and biomedical applications were summarized and reported. In this regard, first an overview about the structure and general properties of GNS were reported and thence detailed information regarding the diagnostic, bioimaging, photothermal therapy, and drug delivery applications of such novel nanomaterials were presented in detail. Summarized information clearly highlighting the superior capability of GNS as potential multi-functional materials for biomedical applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Delivery Systems/methods
  5. Role of hormonal fluctuations in temporomandibular disorder pain: facts to ponder
    Das S, Rajalingham S
    Pain, 2012 Jan;153(1):250-251.
    PMID: 22119339 DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2011.10.039
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Delivery Systems/methods*
  6. Recent Progress in Delivery of Therapeutic and Imaging Agents Utilizing Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Nanoparticles
    Haque ST, Chowdhury EH
    Curr Drug Deliv, 2018;15(4):485-496.
    PMID: 29165073 DOI: 10.2174/1567201814666171120114034
    BACKGROUND: Delivery of conventional small molecule drugs and currently evolving nucleic acid-based therapeutics, such as small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and genes, and contrast agents for high resolution imaging, to the target site of action is highly demanding to increase the therapeutic and imaging efficacy while minimizing the off-target effects of the delivered molecules, as well as develop novel therapeutic and imaging approaches.

    METHODS: We have undertaken a structured search for peer-reviewed research and review articles predominantly indexed in PubMed focusing on the organic-inorganic hybrid nanoparticles with evidence of their potent roles in intracellular delivery of therapeutic and imaging agents in different animal models.

    RESULTS: Organic-inorganic hybrid nanoparticles offer a number of advantages by combining the unique properties of the organic and inorganic counterparts, thus improving the pharmacokinetic behavior and targetability of drugs and contrast agents, and conferring the exclusive optical and magnetic properties for both therapeutic and imaging purposes. Different polymers, lipids, dendrimers, peptides, cell membranes, and small organic molecules are attached via covalent or non-covalent interactions with diverse inorganic nanoparticles of gold, mesoporous silica, magnetic iron oxide, carbon nanotubes and quantum dots for efficient drug delivery and imaging purposes.

    CONCLUSION: We have thus highlighted here the progress made so far in utilizing different organicinorganic hybrid nanoparticles for in vivo delivery of anti-cancer drugs, siRNA, genes and imaging agents.

    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Delivery Systems/methods*
  7. Impact of PEGylated Nanoparticles on Tumor Targeted Drug Delivery
    Mozar FS, Chowdhury EH
    Curr Pharm Des, 2018;24(28):3283-3296.
    PMID: 30062957 DOI: 10.2174/1381612824666180730161721
    PEG-functionalized nanoparticles as carriers of chemotherapeutics agents have been explored with notable successes in preclinical and clinical stages of cancer treatment, with some already approved by FDA, namely PEGylated liposomes and polymers. Half-life extension of therapeutic agents through PEGylation process improves their pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles, thereby reducing their dosing frequency. Protein corona composition of PEGylated nanoparticles (NPs) confers a tremendous influence on their surface characteristics which directly impact tumor accumulation and clearance properties of the drugs. By controlling the size and complexity of PEG molecules, as well as by attaching targeting moieties, the surface characteristics of NPs can be manipulated to improve their tumor uptake without sacrificing the circulation time. This review focuses on design and applications of PEGylated NPs for tumor targeted drug delivery in animal models and clinical setting.
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Delivery Systems*
  8. An Overview of Chitosan Nanofibers and their Applications in the Drug Delivery Process
    Al-Jbour ND, Beg MD, Gimbun J, Alam AKMM
    Curr Drug Deliv, 2019;16(4):272-294.
    PMID: 30674256 DOI: 10.2174/1567201816666190123121425
    Chitosan is a polycationic natural polymer which is abundant in nature. Chitosan has gained much attention as natural polymer in the biomedical field. The up to date drug delivery as well as the nanotechnology in controlled release of drugs from chitosan nanofibers are focused in this review. Electrospinning is one of the most established and widely used techniques for preparing nanofibers. This method is versatile and efficient for the production of continuous nanofibers. The chitosan-based nanofibers are emerging materials in the arena of biomaterials. Recent studies revealed that various drugs such as antibiotics, chemotherapeutic agents, proteins and anti-inflammatory analgesic drugs were successfully loaded onto electrospun nanofibers. Chitosan nanofibers have several outstanding properties for different significant pharmaceutical applications such as wound dressing, tissue engineering, enzyme immobilization, and drug delivery systems. This review highlights different issues of chitosan nanofibers in drug delivery applications, starting from the preparation of chitosan nanofibers, followed by giving an idea about the biocompatibility and degradation of chitosan nanofibers, then describing how to load the drug into the nanofibers. Finally, the major applications of chitosan nanofibers in drug delivery systems.
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Delivery Systems*
  9. Preparation of aerogel beads and microspheres based on chitosan and cellulose for drug delivery: A review
    Shi W, Ching YC, Chuah CH
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2021 Feb 15;170:751-767.
    PMID: 33412201 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.214
    Spherical aerogels are not easily broken during use and are easier to transport and store which can be used as templates for drug delivery. This review summarizes the possible approaches for the preparation of aerogel beads and microspheres based on chitosan and cellulose, an overview to the methods of manufacturing droplets is presented, afterwards, the transition mechanisms from sol to a spherical gel are reviewed in detail followed by different drying processes to obtain spherical aerogels with porous structures. Additionally, a specific focus is given to aerogel beads and microspheres to be regarded as drug delivery carriers. Furthermore, a core/shell architecture of aerogel beads and microspheres for controlled drug release is described and subjected to inspire readers to create novel drug release system. Finally, the conclusions and outlooks of aerogel beads and microspheres for drug delivery are summarized.
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Delivery Systems/methods
  10. Chitosan based thermosensitive injectable hydrogels for controlled delivery of loxoprofen: development, characterization and in-vivo evaluation
    Ahmad U, Sohail M, Ahmad M, Minhas MU, Khan S, Hussain Z, et al.
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2019 May 15;129:233-245.
    PMID: 30738157 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.02.031
    Oral drug delivery is natural, most acceptable and desirable route for nearly all drugs, but many drugs like NSAIDs when delivered by this route cause gastrointestinal irritation, gastric bleeding, ulcers, and many undesirable effects which limits their usage by oral delivery. Moreover, it is almost impossible to control the release of a drug in a targeted location in body. We developed thermo-responsive chitosan-co-poly(N-isopropyl-acrylamide) injectable hydrogel as an alternative for the gastro-protective and controlled delivery of loxoprofen sodium as a model drug. A free radical polymerization technique was used to synthesize thermo-responsive hydrogel by cross-linking chitosan HCl with NIPAAM using glutaraldehyde as cross-linker. Confirmation of crosslinked hydrogel structure was done by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR). The thermal stability of hydrogel was confirmed through thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was performed to evaluate the structural morphology of cross-linked hydrogel. To evaluate the rheological behavior of hydrogel with increasing temperature, rheological study was performed. Swelling and in vitro drug release studies were carried out under various temperature and pH conditions. The swelling study revealed that maximum swelling was observed at low pH (pH 1.2) and low temperature (25 °C) compared to the high range of pH and temperature and it resulted in quick release of the drug. The high range of pH (7.4) and temperature (37 °C) however caused controlled release of the drug. The in vivo evaluation of the developed hydrogel in rabbits demonstrated the controlled release behavior of fabricated system.
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Delivery Systems*
  11. Protein-Protein Interactions of Phosphodiesterases
    Al-Nema MY, Gaurav A
    Curr Top Med Chem, 2019;19(7):555-564.
    PMID: 30931862 DOI: 10.2174/1568026619666190401113803
    BACKGROUND: Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are enzymes that play a key role in terminating cyclic nucleotides signalling by catalysing the hydrolysis of 3', 5'- cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and/or 3', 5' cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), the second messengers within the cell that transport the signals produced by extracellular signalling molecules which are unable to get into the cells. However, PDEs are proteins which do not operate alone but in complexes that made up of a many proteins.

    OBJECTIVE: This review highlights some of the general characteristics of PDEs and focuses mainly on the Protein-Protein Interactions (PPIs) of selected PDE enzymes. The objective is to review the role of PPIs in the specific mechanism for activation and thereby regulation of certain biological functions of PDEs.

    METHODS: The article discusses some of the PPIs of selected PDEs as reported in recent scientific literature. These interactions are critical for understanding the biological role of the target PDE.

    RESULTS: The PPIs have shown that each PDE has a specific mechanism for activation and thereby regulation a certain biological function.

    CONCLUSION: Targeting of PDEs to specific regions of the cell is based on the interaction with other proteins where each PDE enzyme binds with specific protein(s) via PPIs.

    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Delivery Systems*
  12. Fulltext Drug Delivery System for Refractory Cancer Therapy via an Endogenous Albumin Transport System
    Ishima Y, Maruyama T, Otagiri M, Ishida T
    Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo), 2020;68(7):583-588.
    PMID: 32611995 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c20-00026
    A unique phenomenon in solid tumors, the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect is now well known in the development of macromolecular anticancer therapy. However, cancers with low vascular permeability have posed a challenge for these EPR based therapeutic systems. An intrinsic vascular modulator, such as nitric oxide (NO), could augment the endogenous EPR effect. However, the most important aim has been to construct an effective NO delivery system for cancer. Since it is well known that human serum albumin is one of the most important endogenous NO transport proteins in human circulation, for more than a decade we have demonstrated that S-nitrosated human serum albumin dimer (SNO-HSA-Dimer) becomes an enhancer of the EPR effect. Here, we summarize the enhanced effect of SNO-HSA-Dimer on the anticancer effect of macromolecular anticancer drugs such as PEGylated liposomal doxorubicin (Doxil®). In C26-bearing mice with highly permeable vasculature, SNO-HSA-Dimer is able to increase more 3-fold the tumor accumulation of these anticancer drugs, thereby tripling their anticancer effects. Interestingly, the tumor accumulation of Doxil® in B16-bearing mice, which are characterized by a low permeable vasculature, increased more than 6-fold in the presence of SNO-HSA-Dimer, and the improved accumulation of Doxil® led to both increased survival and decreased tumor volume. These results strongly suggest that the more cancer is refractory, the more the SNO-HSA-Dimer could enhance the EPR effect via an endogenous albumin transport (EAT) system. Accordingly, we conclude that the EAT system is promising as a drug delivery system (DDS) strategy for refractory cancer therapy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Delivery Systems*
  13. Patented therapeutic drug delivery strategies for targeting pulmonary diseases
    Thakur AK, Chellappan DK, Dua K, Mehta M, Satija S, Singh I
    Expert Opin Ther Pat, 2020 May;30(5):375-387.
    PMID: 32178542 DOI: 10.1080/13543776.2020.1741547
    Introduction: Pulmonary route is one of the preferred routes for the administration of therapeutically active agents for systemic as well as localized delivery. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), bronchial asthma, pneumonia, pulmonary hypertension, bronchiolitis, lung cancer, and tuberculosis are the major chronic diseases associated with the pulmonary system. Knowledge about the affecting factors, namely, the etiology, pathophysiology, and the various barriers (mechanical, chemical, immunological, and behavioral) in pulmonary drug delivery is essential to develop an effective drug delivery system. Formulation strategies and mechanisms of particle deposition in the lungs also play an important role in designing a suitable delivery system.Areas covered: In the present paper, various drug delivery strategies, viz. nanoparticles, microparticles, liposomes, powders, and microemulsions have been discussed systematically, from a patent perspective.Expert opinion: Patent publications on formulation strategies have been instrumental in the evolution of new techniques and technologies for safe and effective treatment of pulmonary diseases. New delivery systems are required to be simple/reproducible/scalable/cost-effective scale for manufacturing ability and should be safe/effective/stable/controllable for meeting quality and regulatory compliance.
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Delivery Systems*
  14. Novel engineering: Biomimicking erythrocyte as a revolutionary platform for drugs and vaccines delivery
    Izzati Mat Rani NN, Alzubaidi ZM, Azhari H, Mustapa F, Iqbal Mohd Amin MC
    Eur J Pharmacol, 2021 Jun 05;900:174009.
    PMID: 33722591 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174009
    Over the years, extensive studies on erythrocytes, also known as red blood cells (RBCs), as a mechanism for drug delivery, have been explored mainly because the cell itself is the most abundant and has astonishing properties such as a long life span of 100-120 days, low immunogenicity, good biocompatibility, and flexibility. There are various types of RBC-based systems for drug delivery, including those that are genetically engineered, non-genetically engineered RBCs, as well as employing erythrocyte as nanocarriers for drug loading. Although promising, these systems are still in an early development stage. In this review, we aimed to highlight the development of biomimicking RBC-based drug and vaccine delivery systems, as well as the loading methods with illustrative examples. Drug-erythrocyte associations will also be discussed and highlighted in this review. We have highlighted the possibility of exploiting erythrocytes for the sustained delivery of drugs and vaccines, encapsulation of these biological agents within the erythrocyte or coupling to the surface of carrier erythrocytes, and provided insights on genetically- and non-genetically engineered erythrocytes-based strategies. Erythrocytes have been known as effective cellular carriers for therapeutic moieties for several years. Herein, we outline various loading methods that can be used to reap the benefits of these natural carriers. It has been shown that drugs and vaccines can be delivered via erythrocytes but it is important to select appropriate methods for increasing the drug encapsulated or conjugated on the surface of the erythrocyte membrane. The outlined examples will guide the selection of the most effective method as well as the impact of using erythrocytes as delivery systems for drugs and vaccines.
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Delivery Systems*
  15. Targeting interleukins in chronic airway diseases using advanced drug delivery
    Satija S, Mehta M, Gupta G, Chellappan DK, Dua K
    Future Med Chem, 2020 10;12(20):1805-1807.
    PMID: 33016120 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2020-0190
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Delivery Systems*
  16. Sugar-based nanoparticles for respiratory diseases: a new paradigm in the nanoworld
    Chan Y, Ng SW, Mehta M, Gupta G, Chellappan DK, Dua K
    Future Med Chem, 2020 11;12(21):1887-1890.
    PMID: 33054387 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2020-0206
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Delivery Systems*
  17. Polysaccharide-anchored fatty acid liposome
    Tan HW, Misran M
    Int J Pharm, 2013 Jan 30;441(1-2):414-23.
    PMID: 23174410 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.11.013
    In this study, the preparation of N-pamitoyl chitosan (ChP) anchored oleic acid (OA) liposome was demonstrated. Two different types of water-soluble ChPs with different degrees of acylation (DA) were selected for this study. The presence of ChPs on the surface of OA liposome was confirmed with their micrographs and physicochemical properties. The "peeling off" effect on the surface of the ChP-anchored OA (OAChP) liposomes was observed on the atomic force microscope micrographs and confirmed the presence of the ChPs layer on the liposome surface. The surface tension of the OAChPs liposome solution was found to be higher than that of the OA liposome solution. This result indicated the removal of OA monomer by ChPs from the air-water interface. The increase in the minimum area per headgroup (A(min)) of the OA with the presence of ChPs has further proved the interaction between OA monomer and the hydrophobic moieties of the ChPs. The ChPs anchored onto the OA monolayer increased the curvature of the OAChP liposomes monolayer and reduced the liposome size. The size of the OAChP liposomes was reduced by 30 nm as compared with the unmodified OA liposome. Results revealed that the anchored ChPs can improve the integrity and rigidity of the OA liposome.
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Delivery Systems*
  18. Aptamers as the chaperones (Aptachaperones) of drugs-from siRNAs to DNA nanorobots
    Citartan M, Kaur H, Presela R, Tang TH
    Int J Pharm, 2019 Aug 15;567:118483.
    PMID: 31260780 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118483
    Aptamers, nucleic acid ligands that are specific against their corresponding targets are increasingly employed in a variety of applications including diagnostics and therapeutics. The specificity of the aptamers against their targets is also used as the basis for the formulation of the aptamer-based drug delivery system. In this review, we aim to provide an overview on the chaperoning roles of aptamers in acting as the cargo or load carriers, delivering contents to the targeted sites via cell surface receptors. Internalization of the aptamer-biomolecule conjugates via receptor-mediated endocytosis and the strategies to augment the rate of endocytosis are underscored. The cargos chaperoned by aptamers, ranging from siRNAs to DNA origami are illuminated. Possible impediments to the aptamer-based drug deliveries such as susceptibility to nuclease resistance, potentiality for immunogenicity activation, tumor heterogeneity are speculated and the corresponding amendment strategies to address these shortcomings are discussed. We prophesy that the future of the aptamer-based drug delivery will take a trajectory towards DNA nanorobot-based assay.
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Delivery Systems*
  19. Antibacterial drug release from a biphasic gel system: Mathematical modelling
    Abrami M, Golob S, Pontelli F, Chiarappa G, Grassi G, Perissutti B, et al.
    Int J Pharm, 2019 Mar 25;559:373-381.
    PMID: 30716402 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.01.055
    Bacterial infections represent an important drawback in the orthopaedic field, as they can develop either immediately after surgery procedures or after some years. Specifically, in case of implants, they are alleged to be troublesome as their elimination often compels a surgical removal of the infected implant. A possible solution strategy could involve a local coating of the implant by an antibacterial system, which requires to be easily applicable, biocompatible and able to provide the desired release kinetics for the selected antibacterial drug. Thus, this work focusses on a biphasic system made up by a thermo-reversible gel matrix (Poloxamer 407/water system) hosting a dispersed phase (PLGA micro-particles), containing a model antibacterial drug (vancomycin hydrochloride). In order to understand the key parameters ruling the performance of this delivery system, we developed a mathematical model able to discriminate the drug diffusion inside micro-particles and within the gel phase, eventually providing to predict the drug release kinetics. The model reliability was confirmed by fitting to experimental data, proposing as a powerful theoretical approach to design and optimize such in situ delivery systems.
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Delivery Systems/methods
  20. An evaluation of tocotrienol ethosomes for transdermal delivery using Strat-M® membrane and excised human skin
    Nair RS, Billa N, Leong CO, Morris AP
    Pharm Dev Technol, 2021 Feb;26(2):243-251.
    PMID: 33274672 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2020.1860087
    Tocotrienol (TRF) ethosomes were developed and evaluated in vitro for potential transdermal delivery against melanoma. The optimised TRF ethosomal size ranged between 64.9 ± 2.2 nm to 79.6 ± 3.9 nm and zeta potential (ZP) between -53.3 mV to -62.0 ± 2.6 mV. Characterisation of the ethosomes by ATR-FTIR indicated the successful formation of TRF-ethosomes. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images demonstrated the spherical shape of ethosomes, and the entrapment efficiencies of all the formulations were above 66%. In vitro permeation studies using full-thickness human skin showed that the permeation of gamma-T3 from the TRF ethosomal formulations was significantly higher (p drug solution (p 
    Matched MeSH terms: Drug Delivery Systems*
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