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Fulltext Prevalence of Red Blood Cell Alloimmunization among Transfused Chronic Kidney Disease Patients in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia

Yusoff SM, Bahar R, Hassan MN, Noor NHM, Ramli M, Shafii NF

Oman Med J, 2020 Sep;35(5):e177.
PMID: 33083035 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2020.95

Objectives: Red blood cell (RBC) immunization is a common complication in blood transfusion recipients. Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) eventually develop anemia, which is multifactorial, and requires regular blood transfusions, which exposes patients to the development of RBC antibodies. We sought to determine the prevalence and specificity patterns of RBC immunization and its risk factors among transfused CKD patients.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study over one year from January to December 2018 in the Transfusion Medicine Unit, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. A total of 249 samples were recruited from CKD patients who received a blood transfusion (at least one-pint), which only match for ABO and Rh(D) antigen. The serum was screened for the presence of the RBC antibody using the gel agglutination technique (Diamed gel cards). Samples with positive antibody screening were subjected to antibody identification.
Results: Of the 249 transfused CKD patients, 31 (12.4%) developed RBC immunization. Thirty (12%) were alloimmunized, and one (0.4%) was autoimmunized. Anti-Mia was the most common antibody (n = 14, 46.7%) among alloantibodies, followed by anti-E (n = 7, 23.3%). There was a significant association between pregnancy history with the development of antibodies whereas, no significant association was found between sociodemographic background, stage of CKD, hemodialysis status, underlying medical illness, and number of packed cell transfusions with the development of RBC antibodies.
Conclusions: One-eighth of our patient cohort had RBC alloimmunization, and the risk was increased in patients with a history of pregnancy. We propose Rhesus RBC phenotyping and to supply blood match Rhesus antigen in CKD patients, especially patients of reproductive age.

Matched MeSH terms: Erythrocytes
Enhancing erythrocyte-influenza virus specificity by glycan-conjugated gold nanoparticle: Validation of hemagglutination by aptamer and neuraminidases

Ye M, Lin L, Yang W, Gopinath SCB

Biotechnol Appl Biochem, 2021 Mar 26.
PMID: 33769582 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2152

This study demonstrated the terminated sialo-sugar chains (Neu5Acα2,6Gal and Neu5Acα2,3Gal) mediated specificity enhancement of influenza virus and chicken red blood cell (RBC) by hemagglutination assay. These glycan chains were immobilized on the gold nanoparticle (GNP) to withhold the higher numbers. With the preliminary optimization, a clear button formation with 0.5% RBC was visualized. On the other hand, intact B/Tokio/53/99 with 750 nM hemagglutinin (HA) displayed a nice hemagglutination. The interference on the specificity of RBC and influenza virus was observed by anti-influenza aptamer at the concentration 31 nM, however, there is no hemagglutination prevention was noticed in the presence of complementary aptamer sequences. Spiking GNP conjugated Neu5Acα2,6Gal or Neu5Acα2,3Gal or a mixture of these two to the reaction promoted the hemagglutination to 63 folds higher with 12 nM virus, whereas under the same condition the heat inactivated viruses were lost the hemagglutination. Neuraminidases from Clostridium perfringens and Arthrobacter ureafaciens at 0.0025 neuraminidase units are able to abolish the hemagglutination. Other enzymes, Glycopeptidase F (Elizabethkingia meningoseptica) and Endoglycosidase H (Streptomyces plicatus) did not show the changes with agglutination. Obviously, sialyl-Gal-terminated glycan conjugated GNP amendment has enhanced the specificity of erythrocyte-influenza virus and able to be controlled by aptamer or neuraminidases. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Matched MeSH terms: Erythrocytes
Fulltext Prevalence, sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of G6PD deficient blood donors in Terengganu and the effects of storage on their donated blood

Hayati Mansor, Eusni Rahayu Mohd. Tohit, Faridah Idris, Alawiyah Abdul Rahman

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(2):126-134.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency causes red blood cell destruction due to oxi- dative stress. G6PD is essential for NADPH conversion; which is critical for glutathione reductase to prevent damage to cellular structures. In Malaysia, blood donors are not routinely screened for G6PD deficiency. We hypothesise that G6PD-deficient red blood cells are more likely to haemolyse during storage due to increased oxidative molecules. The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of G6PD deficiency among blood donors, describe their characteristics and to evaluate the effects of storage on G6PD-deficient donated blood. Methods: This study was conducted at selected mobile donation centres in Terengganu. Consented blood donors were screened for G6PD sta- tus using fluorescent spot tests (FST). G6PD enzyme activities were measured for donors who were G6PD deficient. Effects of storage on haemolysis from G6PD-deficient donors were compared with non G6PD-deficient group. Sixty ml of blood was collected from blood unit to transfer pouch for estimation of haemoglobin (Hb), plasma Hb, per- centage of haemolysis and plasma potassium. Serial sampling with a 7-day interval was done from Day 1 to Day 35. Statistical analysis was considered significant if p 0.05. Results: A total of 440 blood donors were screened and 12 male donors were found to be G6PD deficient by FST. Enzymatic activities were measured in 11 donors as one donor sample failed to be sent to the centre due to logistic problem. Their enzymatic activities ranged from 1.66-2.93 U/g Hb whereby 6 have severe deficiency and the other 5 were categorised as partial deficiency. Donors were asymp- tomatic for haemolytic episode. Serial sampling showed there was no significant difference of haemolytic parameters in blood units of G6PD-deficient donors as compared to control (p>0.05). Conclusion: Prevalence of G6PD blood donors in Terengganu mobile centres was 2.7%. G6PD enzyme activities did not correlate with clinical symptoms. Haemolytic parameters were not affected in blood units which were G6PD-deficient.

Matched MeSH terms: Erythrocytes
Fulltext Selective cytotoxicity effects of cytobiotics produced by lactic acid bacteria isolated from Malaysian foods

Hooi Ling Foo

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2019;15(108):7-7.
MyJurnal

Probiotics are live microorganisms and when consumed in adequate amounts will confer health benefit on the host. Probiotic effects of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) have been reported extensively, which rely generally on the viability of LAB cells. However, we have reported extensively the prominent probiotic effects of cell less postbiotics metabolites produced by various strains of Lactobacillus plantarum isolated from Malaysian foods on rats, poultry and pigs. L. plantarum is a major species of LAB. Despite the emerging evidence of anticancer properties of LAB, very limited information is available on the cytotoxic and antiproliferative activities of cytobiotic metabolites produced by LAB. Recently, we have documented the selective antiproliferative and cytotoxicity of cytobiotic produced by six strains of L. plantarum on normal human primary cells, breast, colorectal, cervical, liver and leukemia cancer cell lines via MTT assay, trypan blue exclusion method and BrdU assay. Haemolytic assay was used to determine the toxicity of cytobiotic using human and various animal red blood cells. The cytotoxicity mode was subsequently determined for selected UL4 cytobiotic on MCF-7 cells due to its pronounced cytotoxic effect by fluorescent microscopic ob-servation using AO/PI dye reagents and flow cytometric analyses. The selective cytotoxicity effect on various cancel cells that occurred in a strain-specific and cancer cell type-specific manner whilst sparing the normal cells will be discussed in the presentation. Moreover, the antiproliferative effects and induction of late apoptosis effects against selected malignant cancer cells will be discussed further in the presentation. This report reveals the vast potential of cytobiotics produced by L. plantarum strains as functional supplement and as an adjunctive treatment for cancer.

Matched MeSH terms: Erythrocytes
Fulltext Diamond-Blackfan anemia with mutation in RPS19: A case report and an overview of published pieces of literature

Jahan D, Al Hasan MM, Haque M

J Pharm Bioallied Sci, 2020 04 10;12(2):163-170.
PMID: 32742115 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.JPBS_234_19

Introduction: Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA), one of a rare group of inherited bone marrow failure syndromes, is characterized by red cell failure, the presence of congenital anomalies, and cancer predisposition. It can be caused by mutations in the RPS19 gene (25% of the cases).
Methods: This case report describes a 10-month-old boy who presented with 2 months' history of gradually increasing weakness and pallor.
Results: The patient was diagnosed as a case of DBA based on peripheral blood finding, bone marrow aspiration with trephine biopsy reports, and genetic mutation analysis of the RPS19 gene. His father refused hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for financial constraints. Patient received prednisolone therapy with oral folic acid and iron supplements.
Conclusion: Hemoglobin raised from 6.7 to 9.8g/dL after 1 month of therapeutic intervention.

Matched MeSH terms: Erythrocytes
Fulltext Prenatal ultrasound heating impacts on fluctuations in haematological analysis of Oryctolagus cuniculus

Ahmad Zaiki FW, Md Dom S, Abdul Razak HR, Hassan HF

Quant Imaging Med Surg, 2013 Oct;3(5):262-8.
PMID: 24273744 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2223-4292.2013.10.05

Prenatal Ultrasound (US) is commonly used as a routine procedure on pregnant women. It is generally perceived as a safe procedure due to the use of non-ionizing radiation. However, the neurotoxicity of diagnostic prenatal US was detected to have a correlation with high susceptibility to early developing fetus. This research involved in vivo experimental model by using 3(rd) trimester pregnant Oryctolagus cuniculus and exposing them to US exposures for 30, 60, and 90 minutes at their gestational day (GD) 28-29. The output power and intensities, spatial peak temporal average intensity (ISPTA) of US were varied from 0.4 to 0.7 W and 0.13 to 0.19 W/cm(2) respectively were tested initially in free-field, water. Haematological analysis was carried out to detect any changes in blood constituents. Statistically significant differences were detected in red blood cell (RBC) count (P<0.001), haemoglobin (Hb) concentration (P<0.001) and also platelet (PLT) count (P<0.001) in newborn of Oryctolagus cuniculus. These findings indicate the possibility of US heating in causing defects on studied animal.

Matched MeSH terms: Erythrocytes
Fulltext Absence of 1061C deletion in A2 blood subgroup validated through gene sequencing in the Malaysian population

Anbukarsu, Aruna, Mohd Nazif Samat @ Darawi and Mohd Nazil Salleh

Life Sciences, Medicine and Biomedicine, 2019;3(1):1-6.
MyJurnal

ABO blood grouping is an important antigenic blood typing tools in blood transfusion and organ transplants. Mismatching of blood during transfusion would lead to undesired transfusion reactions. Due to rare occurrence of rare blood group such as A2 subtype, regular blood grouping technique would have missed the identification of blood group. Objectives: In this study, the identification of A2 subgroup using routine serological technique was validated via DNA sequencing technique. Materials and Methods: A total of 656 students participated in this study consist of Malay (87.0 %), Chinese (0.4 %), Indian (11.4 %) and others ethnic group (0.9%) respectively. Monoclonal antisera A, B, AB, D, A1 lectin and H lectin were used to identify the antigen on red blood cells. DNA sequence analysis was applied to examine single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at position 467 (substitution of C>T) and 1061 (deletion of C) on coding region of ABO gene. Results: Our findings showed of 656 blood samples, 256 (39.0%) were blood group O, 190 (29.0%) were blood group B, 179 (27.3%) were blood group A and 31(4.7%) were blood group AB. The frequency of A1 subgroup is 177 (99.0%) and A2 subgroup is 2 (1.0%). From 179 A blood group, only 2 samples showed negative reaction towards anti-A1 lectin. DNA sequence analysis revealed the SNPs at nucleotide 1061 position in sample 2, however this mutation was absence in sample 1, suggesting presence of another mutation that may result in the A2 phenotype. Conclusion: The current study reported the absence of 1061C deletion in A2 blood group sample among Malaysian population.

Matched MeSH terms: Erythrocytes
Fulltext Blood Profiling of Captive and Semi-Wild False Gharial in Peninsular Malaysia

Latip MQA, Tengku Azizan TRP, Ahmad H, Abu Hassim H, Noor MHM, Mikail M

Animals (Basel), 2021 May 21;11(6).
PMID: 34063794 DOI: 10.3390/ani11061481

The involvement of veterinary medicine in wildlife research has played an important role in understanding the health status of various wildlife species. Health status is a very important aspect of species conservation. However, it requires a widely employed knowledge of veterinary clinical pathology, as a diagnostic tool in diagnosing the various disease conditions of wildlife species. Notwithstanding, a gap exists in the literature about the clinical pathology of the false gharial, due to the lack of normal reference values for hematological and serum biochemical analysis. The present study investigated the normal blood profile of 10 healthy false gharials, from two different zoos, and wildlife conservation centers located in three different states of Peninsular Malaysia. Blood samples were collected from the lateral caudal vein and divided into a vacutainer without anticoagulant for biochemical analysis, and a lithium heparin vacutainer (containing sodium heparin) for hematological studies. The results of the study indicated that the false gharial has a smaller erythrocyte dimension compared to other crocodilian species. At the same time the study revealed that the false gharial in a natural captive pond showed more leukocytes than false gharial kept in zoos, hence, habitat and environmental factors significantly affect hematological values. The biochemistry values also showed differences between the false gharial in different environmental conditions. Total protein, albumin (Alb), globulin (Glob), and Alb: Glob ratio were higher in false gharials kept in wildlife conservation centers than in false gharials kept in zoos. The values obtained in this study provide baseline data of hematological and serum biochemical values of the false gharial for future research and routine clinical diagnosis.

Matched MeSH terms: Erythrocytes
Dietary astaxanthin augments disease resistance of Asian seabass, Lates calcarifer (Bloch, 1790), against Vibrio alginolyticus infection

Lim KC, Yusoff FM, Shariff M, Kamarudin MS

Fish Shellfish Immunol, 2021 Jul;114:90-101.
PMID: 33838221 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.03.025

This investigation describes the impacts of dietary provisioning with astaxanthin on hemato-biochemistry, non-specific immunity, and disease resistance of the Asian seabass, Lates calcarifer, against the virulent Vibrio alginolyticus; with specific reference to dose-response associations and variations over different post-infection periods (0-, 7-, and 14-day). Triplicate groups of fish weighing 28 g, on average, were fed various diets (C, the control or astaxanthin-free; AXT50, 50 mg astaxanthin kg-1 diet; AXT100, 100 mg astaxanthin kg-1 diet; and AXT150, 150 mg astaxanthin kg-1 diet) for 90 days and subsequently challenged with V. alginolyticus at the end of the feeding period. Experimental infection unveiled that supplemented fish demonstrated significant improvements (P

Matched MeSH terms: Erythrocytes
Fulltext Induction of an Antibody Response against Plasmodium falciparum F2RIIEBA by Heterologous Prime-boost Immunisation

Suppian R, Nor NM

Trop Life Sci Res, 2013 Aug;24(1):9-18.
PMID: 24575238 MyJurnal

Heterologous prime-boost immunisation strategies can evoke powerful antibody responses and may be of value in developing an improved malaria vaccine. Herein, we show that an immunisation protocol that primes Balb/c mice with a recombinant Bacille Calmette-Guérin (rBCG) vaccine consisting of a plasmid encoding a synthetic fragment of the ESAT-6 epitope of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the fragment 2 region II of erythrocyte-binding antigen (F2RIIEBA) and the three repeat sequences of the circumsporozoite protein (NANP)3 of Plasmodium falciparum before subsequently boosting the mice with either two doses of the rBCG clone or with a DNA vaccine expressing the native form of F2RIIEBA generating higher serum anti-F2RIIEBA antibody levels than an immunisation protocol that calls for a homologous prime-boost with two doses of rBCG. These results demonstrate the potential of DNA vaccination in boosting the antibody response to a recombinant vaccine expressing multiple epitopes.

Matched MeSH terms: Erythrocytes
Histopathology of Brugia pahangi and Plasmodium berghei ANKA co-infection in the Gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus)

Junaid OQ, Wong KT, Khaw LT, Mahmud R, Vythilingam I

Trop Biomed, 2018 Dec 01;35(4):981-998.
PMID: 33601846

Co-infection with multiple different parasites is a common phenomenon in both human and animals. Among parasites that frequently co-infect the same hosts, are the filarial worms and malaria parasites. Despite this, the mechanisms underlying the interactions between these parasites is still relatively unexplored with very few studies available on the resulting pathologies due to co-infection by filarial nematodes and malaria parasites. Hence, this study investigated the histopathological effect of Brugia pahangi and Plasmodium berghei ANKA (PbA) infections in gerbil host. Gerbils grouped into B. pahangi-infected, PbA-infected, B. pahangi and PbA-coinfected, and uninfected control, were necropsied at different time points of post PbA infections. Brugia pahangi infections in the gerbils were first initiated by subcutaneous inoculation of 50 infective larvae, while PbA infections were done by intraperitoneal injection of 106 parasitized red blood cells after 70 days patent period of B. pahangi. Organs such as the lungs, kidneys, spleen, heart and liver were harvested aseptically at the point of necropsy. There was significant hepatosplenomegaly observed in both PbA-infected only and coinfected gerbils. The spleen, liver and lungs were heavily pigmented. Both B. pahangi and PbA infections (mono and coinfections) resulted in pulmonary edema, while glomerulonephritis was associated with PbA infections. The presence of both parasites induced extramedullary hematopoiesis in the spleen and liver. These findings suggest that the pathologies associated with coinfected gerbils were synergistically induced by both B. pahangi and PbA infections.

Matched MeSH terms: Erythrocytes
The acetone crude extract of Quercus infectoria (Olivier) galls alters pH of the digestive vacuole of the malaria parasite, Plasmodium falciparum

Trop Biomed, 2021 Jun 01;38(2):40-47.
PMID: 33973571 DOI: 10.47665/tb.38.2.035

The reduced efficacy of the mainstay antimalarial drugs due to the widespread of drugresistant Plasmodium falciparum has necessitated efforts to discover new antimalarial drugs with new targets. Quercus infectoria (Olivier) has long been used to treat various ailments including fever. The acetone extract of the plant galls has recently been reported to have a promising antimalarial activity in vitro. This study was aimed to determine the effect of the Q. infectoria gall acetone crude extract on pH of the digestive vacuole of Plasmodium falciparum. A ratiometric fluorescent probe, fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran (FITC-dextran) was used to facilitate a quantitative measurement of the digestive vacuole pH by flow cytometry. Mid trophozoite stage malaria parasites grown in resealed erythrocytes containing FITC-dextran were treated with different concentrations of the acetone extract based on the 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50). Saponin-permeabilized parasites were analyzed to obtain the ratio of green/yellow fluorescence intensity (Rgy) plotted as a function of pH in a pH calibration curve of FITC-dextran. Based on the pH calibration curve, the pH of the digestive vacuole of the acetone extract-treated parasites was significantly altered (pH values ranged from 6.35- 6.71) in a concentration-dependent manner compared to the untreated parasites (pH = 5.32) (p < 0.001). This study provides a valuable insight into the potential of the Q. infectoria galls as a promising antimalarial candidate with a novel mechanism of action.

Matched MeSH terms: Erythrocytes
Fulltext Presacral Extramedullary Haemopoiesis Mimicking an Ovarian Mass

Amran, A.R., Moosa, F.

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2006;5(1):1-6.
MyJurnal

Extramedullary hematopoiesis (EH) is a rare but well-known compensatory mechanism of red blood cell production when the normal site of red bone marrow is unable to produce sufficient number of red blood cells. When the body demands for erythrocyte cells is high this lead to EH. This occurs mainly outside the bone marrow, usually paraspinally and sites which are normally observed in the fetus as in the liver, spleen, lymph nodes and less frequently at other sites such as adrenal, thymus, kidneys, pleura, breast, skin, gastrointestinal tract, dura mater and brain.This is more frequent in thalassaemia major (incidence up to 15% of cases), in myelofibrosis, myeloproliferative diseases (polycythemia rubra vera, chronic myeloid leukemia,), hemolytic anemias such as hereditary spherocytosis, pyruvate-kinase deficiency, medullary tuberculosis and in Paget’s disease of the bone. In some cases the cause of the EH are not identified [3]. We describe a case of EH in the presacral space that mimicked an ovarian mass on ultrasound in a patient with beta-thalassaemia intermedia.

Matched MeSH terms: Erythrocytes
Jaundice, pale stools and hepatomegaly: but is it biliary atresia?

Lee, W.S., Lok, F.Y.L.

Malaysian Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 1998;10(2):52-54.
MyJurnal

A 46 day old female Chinese infant was referred for fail-ure to thrive, jaundice, hepatomegaly and bilateral cataracts. She had vomiting,blood stained stools and severe unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia soon after birth. The jaundice persisted. At one month of age, pale stools, firm hepatomegaly and bilateral cataracts were noted. Radionuclide hepatobiliary scintigraphy per-formed at another hospital excluded biliary atresia. Investigations showed cholestasis but a negative sero-logical screening for congenital infections. A presump-tive diagnosis of galactosaemia was made and the infant was started on lactose free formula. A deficient red blood cell galactose- 1 -phosphate uridyltransferase (GALT) activity was demonstrated later. Review eight months after the initial diagnosis showed a thriving infant with no jaundice, but persisting cataracts and firm enlarged liver. A high index of clinical suspicion, labo-ratory confirmation of a deficient GALT activity and prompt withdrawal of lactose from diet are necessary to avoid any delay in diagnosis and management of this condition.

Matched MeSH terms: Erythrocytes
Influence of fresh and thermoxidized carotino oil on cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) in erythrocytes from sprague dawley rats

Mohd Fakharul Zaman Raja Yahyai, Athifah Najwani Shahidan

Scientific Research Journal, 2012;9(1):63-74.
MyJurnal

Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) is a second messenger molecule involved in the intracellular signalling mechanism which is important in a wide range of cellular process including metabolism, gene expression, cell proliferation and cell death. This study was conducted to determine the effect of fresh (FCC)) and thermoxidized carotino oil (TCO) on erythrocyte cGMP levels from Sprague dawley rats. A total of 30 Sprague dawley rats were randomly segregated into three groups: the first of which was placed on a Fresh Carotino Oil (FCO) diet, the second on a Thermoxidized Carotino Oil (TCO) diet and the control group on commercial rat chow only for a period of 6 and 9 weeks. The two oil diets comprised of 20% (w.10 of each oil mixed with commercial rat,feed. The enzyme immunoassays, performed in week 6, revealed that the erythrocytes cGMP levels for the FCO and TCO groups were 66.198±3.193 pmol/mL and 61.990±6.318 ptnol/mL respectively, and were significantly (p

Matched MeSH terms: Erythrocytes
Fulltext The effect of human mesenchymal stem cell on neutrophil oxidative burst

Ramasamy, R., Krishna, K., Maqbool, M., Vellasamy, S., Sarmadi, V. H., Abdullah, M., et al.

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2010;6(2):11-17.
MyJurnal

Objective: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are multipotent, non-haematopoietic stem cells that are
capable of differentiating into different varieties of mature cell types such as osteoblasts, chondrocytes, adipocytes, and myoblasts. There is abundant evidence showing that MSC not only affect the differentiation of haematopoietic progenitors, but also the function of mature cells like lymphocytes and neutrophils. However the effect of MSC on neutrophil function and its responses is not well studied. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the effect of MSC on neutrophil nitric oxide production. Method: Neutrophils from heparanised venous blood were isolated using Ficoll-Hypaque density gradient centrifugation followed by Dextran sedimentation and red blood cell (RBC) lysis. Isolated neutrophils were on average of 97% purity as determined by morphologic analysis. MSC were generated from human bone marrow and characterised by immunophenotyping (monoclonal antibodies CD105, CD73 and CD34) using a flowcytometer. In order to test the effects of MSC on neutrophil function, isolated neutrophils were co-cultured in the presence or absence of MSC at different ratios for 24 and 48 hours. The amount of nitric oxide released was used as an indication of oxidative burst and measured using the Griess assay. Result: The results indicate that MSC neither elevate the NO level when cocultured with resting neutrophils nor alone. However MSC profoundly inhibit the secretion of nitric oxide in PMA stimulated neutrophils after 24hr of incubation. Conclusion: MSC exert an immunomodulatory effect on neutrophil by suppressing neutrophil oxidative burst in vitro.

Matched MeSH terms: Erythrocytes
Fulltext Hemogram responses in goats toward challenged with Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and its immunogen mycolic acids

Odhah MN, Abdullah FFJ, Haron AW, Lila MAM, Zamri-Saad M, Khuder Z, et al.

Vet World, 2017 Jun;10(6):655-661.
PMID: 28717318 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.655-661

AIM: This study was conducted to analyze the changes in blood profile of goats inoculated with Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and its immunogen mycolic acid (MA) extract.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 12 clinically healthy crossbred Boer female goats were divided into three groups; A, B and C (4 goats each per group). Group A was inoculated with 2 ml sterile phosphate buffered saline via intradermal route as the negative control group whilst Group B was inoculated with 2 ml of MA extract (1 g/ml) intradermally and Group C was then inoculated with 2 ml (1×10(9)) colony forming unit of active C. pseudotuberculosis intradermally. Blood sample was collected aseptically from the jugular vein periodically for complete blood count (CBC) analysis throughout the experimental period (3 months).
RESULT: A significant decrease (p<0.05) was observed in red blood cells, hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume, mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular Hb concentration in Groups B and C as compared to the control while WBCs, neutrophil, lymphocyte and basophil showed a significant increase (p<0.05) as compared to the control.
CONCLUSION: The inoculation of C. pseudotuberculosis and MA resulted in a significant change in the CBC, thereby, indicating that MA has a role in caseous lymphadenitis pathogenesis.

Matched MeSH terms: Erythrocytes
Evaluation of the inhibitory effects of drugs on the growth of Babesia gibsoni using relative quantification real-time PCR

He WH, Feng XX, Wu X, Zhai XH, Li YY, Zhang B, et al.

Trop Biomed, 2020 Dec 01;37(4):871-876.
PMID: 33612740 DOI: 10.47665/tb.37.4.871

To evaluate the inhibitory effects of drugs on the growth of Babesia gibsoni, relative quantification real-time PCR method was developed in this study. The 18S rRNA gene was used as a target gene for the 2-ΔΔCt method analysis. Additionally, chicken RNA was added to the parasitized blood before total RNA extraction. The chicken β-actin gene was selected as an internal control gene for the 2-ΔΔCt method analysis. The 100 µL parasitized blood samples with different percentages of parasitized erythrocytes (PPEs) (3%, 1.5%, 0.75%, 0.375% and 0.1875%) were prepared for relative quantification of B. gibsoni. Regression analysis results revealed significant linear relationships between the relative quantification value and parasitemia. 18S rRNA gene expression was significantly decreased after treatment with diminazene aceturate and artesunate in vitro drug sensitivity test. This result suggested that this relative quantification real-time PCR method can be used to evaluate the effects of drug inhibition.

Matched MeSH terms: Erythrocytes
Fulltext Elements of the complete blood count associated with cardiovascular disease incidence: Findings from the EPIC-NL cohort study

Lassale C, Curtis A, Abete I, van der Schouw YT, Verschuren WMM, Lu Y, et al.

Sci Rep, 2018 02 19;8(1):3290.
PMID: 29459661 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-21661-x

All blood cells (white blood cells [WBC], red blood cells [RBC] and platelets) can play a role in atherosclerosis. Complete blood count (CBC) is widely available in clinical practice but utility as potential risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) is uncertain. Our aim was to assess the associations of pre-diagnostic CBC with incidence of CVD in 14,362 adults free of CVD and aged 47.8 (±11.7) years at baseline, followed-up for 11.4 years (992 incident cases). Cox proportional hazards regressions were used to estimate HRs and 95%CI. Comparing the top (T3) to bottom (T1) tertile, increased total WBC, lymphocyte, monocyte and neutrophil counts were associated with higher CVD risk: 1.31 (1.10; 1.55), 1.20 (1.02; 1.41), 1.21 (1.03; 1.41) and 1.24 (1.05; 1.47), as well as mean corpuscular volume (MCV: 1.23 [1.04; 1.46]) and red cell distribution width (RDW: 1.22 [1.03; 1.44]). Platelets displayed an association for count values above the clinically normal range: 1.49 (1.00; 2.22). To conclude, total and differential WBC count, MCV, RDW and platelet count likely play a role in the aetiology of CVD but only WBC provide a modest improvement for the prediction of 10-year CVD risk over traditional CVD risk factors in a general population.

Matched MeSH terms: Erythrocytes
Fulltext Ganoderma lucidum and Auricularia polytricha Mushrooms Protect against Carbofuran-Induced Toxicity in Rats

Hossen MS, Billah Prince MM, Tanvir EM, Chowdhury MAZ, Rahman MA, Alam F, et al.

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2018;2018:6254929.
PMID: 29861774 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6254929

The current study aimed to investigate the ameliorative effects of two types of mushrooms, Ganoderma lucidum (GL) and Auricularia polytricha (AP), against carbofuran- (CF) induced toxicity in rats. Male Wistar rats (n = 42) were divided into six equal groups. The rats in the negative control group received oral administration of CF at 1 mg/kg with the normal diet for 28 days. The treatment groups received oral administration of ethanolic extract of GL or AP at 100 mg/kg followed by coadministration of CF at 1 mg/kg with the normal diet for the same experimental period, respectively. In the CF alone treated group, there were significant decreases in the erythrocytic and thrombocytic indices but increases in the concentrations of the total leukocytes, including the agranulocytes. A significant increase in all of the liver function biomarkers except albumin, in lipid profiles except high-density lipoprotein, and in the kidney function markers occurred in the negative control group compared to the rats of the normal control and positive control groups. The coadministration of mushroom extracts significantly ameliorated the toxic effects of the CF. The GL mushroom extract was more efficacious than that of the AP mushroom, possibly due to the presence of high levels of phenolic compounds and other antioxidants in the GL mushroom.

Matched MeSH terms: Erythrocytes

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