Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 64 in total

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  1. Selective adsorption of organic dyes from aqueous environment using fermented maize extract-enhanced graphene oxide-durian shell derived activated carbon composite
    Obayomi KS, Yon Lau S, Danquah MK, Zhang J, Chiong T, Meunier L, et al.
    Chemosphere, 2023 Oct;339:139742.
    PMID: 37562502 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139742
    A secure aquatic environment is essential for both aquatic and terrestrial life. However, rising populations and the industrial revolution have had a significant impact on the quality of the water environment. Despite the implementation of strong and adapted environmental policies for water treatment worldwide, the issue of organic dyes in wastewater remains challenging. Thus, this study aimed to develop an efficient, cost-effective, and sustainable material to treat methylene blue (MB) in an aqueous environment. In this research, maize extract solution (MES) was utilized as a green cross-linker to induce precipitation, conjugation, and enhance the adsorption performance of graphene oxide (GO) cross-linked with durian shell activated carbon (DSAC), resulting in the formation of a GO@DSAC composite. The composite was investigated for its adsorptive performance toward MB in aqueous media. The physicochemical characterization demonstrated that the cross-linking method significantly influenced the porous structure and surface chemistry of GO@DSAC. BET analysis revealed that the GO@DSAC exhibited dominant mesopores with a surface area of 803.67 m2/g. EDX and XPS measurements confirmed the successful cross-linking of GO with DSAC. The adsorption experiments were well described by the Harkin-Jura model and they followed pseudo-second order kinetics. The maximum adsorption capacity reached 666.67 mg/g at 318 K. Thermodynamic evaluation indicated a spontaneous, feasible, and endothermic in nature. Regenerability and reusability investigations demonstrated that the GO@DSAC composite could be reused for up to 10 desorption-adsorption cycles with a removal efficiency of 81.78%. The selective adsorptive performance of GO@DSAC was examined in a binary system containing Rhodamine B (RhB) and methylene orange (MO). The results showed a separation efficiency (α) of 98.89% for MB/MO and 93.66% for MB/RhB mixtures, underscoring outstanding separation capabilities of the GO@DSAC composite. Overall, the GO@DSAC composite displayed promising potential for the effective removal of cationic dyes from wastewater.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bombacaceae*
  2. Fulltext Biological Water Quality Indices Performance Based on Aquatic Insects in Recreational Rivers
    Jumaat AH, Hamid SA
    Trop Life Sci Res, 2021 Mar;32(1):91-105.
    PMID: 33936553 DOI: 10.21315/tlsr2021.32.1.6
    Abundance and distribution of aquatic insects respecting to several water chemical parameters from six rivers were studied in order to determine the performance of biological index in monitoring the water quality. A total of 960 individuals of aquatic insects from nine orders were recorded using kick and drag sampling techniques. Lubok Semilang had the greatest number of aquatic insects with 250 individuals, followed by Telaga Tujuh (181 individuals) and Sungai Durian Perangin (171 individuals). EPT (Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera) order were the most dominant order recorded in all six rivers. Lata Kekabu had more diverse and richer aquatic insect assemblages based on ecological indices compared to the other five rivers. In order to evaluate the water quality of recreational rivers in Malaysia, Family Biotic Index (FBI), Malaysian Family Biotic Index (MFBI) and Biological Monitoring Working Party (BMWP) were used and compared with Water Quality Index (WQI) to determine the water quality at the study areas. Results demonstrated that the biotic indices were more sensitive towards changes in water parameters than the WQI. Among all the biological indices, MFBI was the most suitable index to be adopted in Malaysian river water assessment as it is more reliable in assessing the status of water quality.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bombacaceae
  3. Parametric and adsorption kinetic studies of methylene blue removal from simulated textile water using durian (Durio zibethinus murray) skin
    Anisuzzaman SM, Joseph CG, Krishnaiah D, Bono A, Ooi LC
    Water Sci Technol, 2015;72(6):896-907.
    PMID: 26360749 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2015.247
    In this study, durian (Durio zibethinus Murray) skin was examined for its ability to remove methylene blue (MB) dye from simulated textile wastewater. Adsorption equilibrium and kinetics of MB removal from aqueous solutions at different parametric conditions such as different initial concentrations (2-10 mg/L), biosorbent dosages (0.3-0.7 g) and pH solution (4-9) onto durian skin were studied using batch adsorption. The amount of MB adsorbed increased from 3.45 to 17.31 mg/g with the increase in initial concentration of MB dye; whereas biosorbent dosage increased from 1.08 to 2.47 mg/g. Maximum dye adsorption capacity of the durian skin was found to increase from 3.78 to 6.40 mg/g, with increasing solution pH. Equilibrium isotherm data were analyzed according to Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The sorption equilibrium was best described by the Freundlich isotherm model with maximum adsorption capacity of 7.23 mg/g and this was due to the heterogeneous nature of the durian skin surface. Kinetic studies indicated that the sorption of MB dye tended to follow the pseudo second-order kinetic model with promising correlation of 0.9836 < R(2) < 0.9918.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bombacaceae/physiology*; Bombacaceae/ultrastructure
  4. A novel liquid/liquid extraction process composed of surfactant and acetonitrile for purification of polygalacturonase enzyme from Durio zibethinus
    Amid M, Manap Y, Azmira F, Hussin M, Sarker ZI
    J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci, 2015 Jul 1;993-994:1-8.
    PMID: 25973865 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2015.04.034
    Polygalacturonase is one of the important enzymes used in various industries such as food, detergent, pharmaceutical, textile, pulp and paper. A novel liquid/liquid extraction process composed of surfactant and acetonitrile was employed for the first time to purify polygalacturonase from Durio zibethinus. The influences of different parameters such as type and concentration of surfactants, concentrations of acetonitrile and composition of surfactant/acetonitrile on partitioning behavior and recovery of polygalacturonase was investigated. Moreover, the effect of pH of system and crude load on purification fold and yield of purified polygalacturonase were studied. The results of the experiment indicated the polygalacturonase was partitioned into surfactant top rich phase with impurities being partitioned into acetonitrile bottom rich phase in the novel method of liquid/liquid process composed of 23% (w/w) Triton X-100 and 19% (w/w) acetonitrile, at 55.6% of TLL (tie line length) crude load of 25% (w/w) at pH 6.0. Recovery and recycling of components also was measured in each successive step of liquid/liquid extraction process. The enzyme was successfully recovered by the method with a high purification factor of 14.3 and yield of 97.3% while phase components were also recovered and recycled above 95%. This study demonstrated that the novel method of liquid/liquid extraction process can be used as an efficient and economical extraction method rather than the traditional methods of extraction for the purification and recovery of the valuable enzyme.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bombacaceae/enzymology*; Bombacaceae/chemistry
  5. The draft genome of tropical fruit durian (Durio zibethinus)
    Teh BT, Lim K, Yong CH, Ng CCY, Rao SR, Rajasegaran V, et al.
    Nat Genet, 2017 Nov;49(11):1633-1641.
    PMID: 28991254 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3972
    Durian (Durio zibethinus) is a Southeast Asian tropical plant known for its hefty, spine-covered fruit and sulfury and onion-like odor. Here we present a draft genome assembly of D. zibethinus, representing the third plant genus in the Malvales order and first in the Helicteroideae subfamily to be sequenced. Single-molecule sequencing and chromosome contact maps enabled assembly of the highly heterozygous durian genome at chromosome-scale resolution. Transcriptomic analysis showed upregulation of sulfur-, ethylene-, and lipid-related pathways in durian fruits. We observed paleopolyploidization events shared by durian and cotton and durian-specific gene expansions in MGL (methionine γ-lyase), associated with production of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs). MGL and the ethylene-related gene ACS (aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase) were upregulated in fruits concomitantly with their downstream metabolites (VSCs and ethylene), suggesting a potential association between ethylene biosynthesis and methionine regeneration via the Yang cycle. The durian genome provides a resource for tropical fruit biology and agronomy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bombacaceae/classification; Bombacaceae/genetics*; Bombacaceae/growth & development; Bombacaceae/metabolism
  6. Fulltext Effect of different drying techniques on flowability characteristics and chemical properties of natural carbohydrate-protein Gum from durian fruit seed
    Mirhosseini H, Amid BT
    Chem Cent J, 2013 Jan 04;7(1):1.
    PMID: 23289739 DOI: 10.1186/1752-153X-7-1
    BACKGROUND: A natural carbohydrate biopolymer was extracted from the agricultural biomass waste (durian seed). Subsequently, the crude biopolymer was purified by using the saturated barium hydroxide to minimize the impurities. Finally, the effect of different drying techniques on the flow characteristics and functional properties of the purified biopolymer was investigated. The present study elucidated the main functional characteristics such as flow characteristics, water- and oil-holding capacity, solubility, and foaming capacity.

    RESULTS: In most cases except for oven drying, the bulk density decreased, thus increasing the porosity. This might be attributed to the increase in the inter-particle voids of smaller sized particles with larger contact surface areas per unit volume. The current study revealed that oven-dried gum and freeze-dried gum had the highest and lowest compressibility index, thus indicating the weakest and strongest flowability among all samples. In the present work, the freeze-dried gum showed the lowest angle of repose, bulk, tapped and true density. This indicates the highest porosity degree of freeze dried gum among dried seed gums. It also exhibited the highest solubility, and foaming capacity thus providing the most desirable functional properties and flow characteristics among all drying techniques.

    CONCLUSION: The present study revealed that freeze drying among all drying techniques provided the most desirable functional properties and flow characteristics for durian seed gum.

    Matched MeSH terms: Bombacaceae
  7. Bird-pollination of three Durio species (Bombacaceae) in a tropical rainforest in Sarawak, Malaysia
    Yumoto T
    Am J Bot, 2000 Aug;87(8):1181-8.
    PMID: 10948003
    Pollination ecology of three Durio species, D. grandiflorus, D. oblongus, and D. kutejensis (Bombacaceae), was studied in a lowland dipterocarp forest in Sarawak, Malaysia, during a peak flowering period when at least 305 species of plants bloomed in 1996. Durio has been reported to be pollinated by bats in Peninsular Malaysia. However, my observations of flower visitors and pollination experiments indicated that two species, D. grandiflorus and D. oblongus, were pollinated by spiderhunters (Nectariniidae) and that the other species, D. kutejensis, was pollinated by giant honey bees and bats as well as birds. Hand-pollination experiments showed that all three species were obligate outbreeders. A resource limitation in fruit production was suggested. The former two species were visited only by spiderhunters, and the bagged flowers that were opened for animal visitors only at night bore no fruit, while those that were opened only during the day bore fruits, at comparable fruiting ratios to open pollination. Durio kutejensis was observed to be visited by giant honey bees, birds, and bats at different times of day, and three series of bagged experiments that exposed the flowers to animal visitors at different times of day bore fruits at a comparable ratio to open-pollination.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bombacaceae
  8. A case of acute haemorrhagic pancreatitis following consumption of durians and alcohol
    Singh P
    Journal of the Malaya Branch of the British Medical Association, 1941;5:62-3.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bombacaceae
  9. Fulltext Data Assessment on the relationship between typical weather data and electricity consumption of academic building in Melaka
    Ngah Nasaruddin A, Tee BT, Mohd Tahir M, Md Jasman MES
    Data Brief, 2021 Apr;35:106797.
    PMID: 33614870 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2021.106797
    Exposure to hot and humid weather conditions will often lead to consuming a vast amount of electricity for cooling. Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems are customarily known as the largest consumers of energy in institutions and other facilities which raises the question regarding the impact of the weather conditions to the amount energy consumed. The academic building is a perfect example where a constant fixed daily operating characteristic is measured by the hour, aside from the occasional semester break. Therefore, it can be assumed that the daily HVAC services on an academic facility will operate on a fixed schedule each day, having a similar pattern all year round. This article aims to present an analysis on the relationship between typical weather data by implying the test reference year (TRY) and academic building electricity consumption in an academic building located at Durian Tunggal, Melaka. Typical weather data were generated in representing the weather data between 2010 and 2018 using the Finkelstein-Schafer statistic (F-S statistic) in addition to a data set of electricity consumption. Descriptive analysis and correlation matrix analysis were conducted using JASP software for two sets of sample data; Set A and Set B, with data points of 12 and 108, respectively. The result showed an alternate result with a positive correlation between 1)mean temperature-electricity consumption, and 2)mean rainfall-electricity consumption for data Set A, and a negative correlation between 1)mean temperature-electricity consumption and 2)mean rainfall-electricity consumption for data Set B.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bombacaceae
  10. Fulltext Food poisoning outbreak among Health Institute A staff 1st June 2010
    Riana, K.A.H., Azahadi, O., Rohani, I., Zainol Ariffin, P., Maznieda, M., Siti Zubaidah, A.
    Journal of Health Management, 2012;10(1):41-51.
    MyJurnal
    Purpose - An outbreak of food poisoning had occurred in Health Institute A on 1st June 2010 which involved twenty four staffs. Six of them were hospitalized and eighteen received outpatient treatment. A case control study was done to describe the epidemiological characteristics of the outbreak and to determine the source of infection.
    Design/methodology/approach - Food samples, rectal swab from cases, environmental and hand swab from the food handlers were also taken and sent for microbiological analysis.
    Finding- The outbreak was explosive, and the prominent clinical features were abdominal pain (62.2%), fever (51.4%), and diarrhea (56.8%). The onset time was between 9-24 hours and the median incubation period was at 15 hours. The possible source of the outbreak was durian gravy (OR= 14.00,95%CI: 2.72-92.55, p<0.001, food attack rate: 100%) and rotijala (OR= 6.69, 95%CI: LB5-24.23, p<0.001, food attack rate: 95%), The microbiological investigation revealed that various microorganisms including Salmonella spp, The food was supplied by the same food supplier from Caterer B since 2006 and the assessment of the kitchen showed that the cleanliness rate was only 54,3% with positive results of Coliform in all utensils and areas investigated in the kitchen.
    Conclusion- In conclusion, the most probable causative organism based on signs and symptoms, epidemiological analysis and microbiological results was Salmonella spp. from contaminated food seryed during the ceremony. Education on food safety and food hygiene especially personal hygiene and hand washing should be emphasized continuously for prevention of future outbreak,
    Matched MeSH terms: Bombacaceae
  11. Catalytic fast pyrolysis of durian rind using silica-alumina catalyst: Effects of pyrolysis parameters
    Tan YL, Abdullah AZ, Hameed BH
    Bioresour Technol, 2018 Sep;264:198-205.
    PMID: 29803811 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2018.05.058
    Silica-alumina catalyst was prepared and used in the catalytic fast pyrolysis of durian rind in a drop-type two-stage reactor. The effects of catalytic temperature (400 °C-600 °C) and catalyst-to-durian rind ratio (1:30-3:30) were evaluated. Bio-oil yield was increased with increased catalytic temperature due to considerable dehydration process, but it was reduced with high catalyst loading due to the overcracking of organics into light gases. Silica-alumina catalyst possessed good selectivity and the products changed according to the temperature. The major components in bio-oil were hydrocarbons, furan derivatives, and aromatic compounds at 400 °C, 500 °C, and 600 °C, respectively. The hydrogen and carbon contents of bio-oil were reduced with high catalyst loading due to the overcracking of organics, and the deoxygenation process became unfavorable. The silica-alumina catalyst worked well in catalytic fast pyrolysis of durian rind, and the condition may be adjusted based on the desired products.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bombacaceae
  12. Deoxygenation of pyrolysis vapour derived from durian shell using catalysts prepared from industrial wastes rich in Ca, Fe, Si and Al
    Tan YL, Hameed BH, Abdullah AZ
    Sci Total Environ, 2020 Feb 10;703:134902.
    PMID: 31753498 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134902
    Catalysts prepared from industrial wastes rich in Fe, Ca, Si, and Al were used in catalytic upgrading of pyrolysis vapour derived from durian shell and their effect on product yield and properties were compared. With same silica-to-alumina ratio, catalyst prepared from oil palm ash (AS-OPA) with lower Fe and Ca contents gave higher liquid yield (8.32 wt%) with alcohols (28.90%), hydrocarbons (46.00%), and nitrogen-containing compounds (21.46%) while catalyst prepared from electric arc furnace slag (AS-EAF) with higher Fe and Ca contents produced lower liquid yield (50.21 wt%) with high amount of esters (25.80%) and hydrocarbons (72.82%). The presence of AS-OPA and AS-EAF catalysts enhanced deoxygenation degree of bio-oil to 81.13% and 85.49%, respectively. The catalytic performance of AS-EAF at different temperatures (400-600 °C) and AS-EAF/durian shell ratios (1:30, 2:30, 3:30) was investigated. Increasing catalytic temperature enhanced production of bio-oil, reduced oxygenates and enhanced formation of esters. The liquid yield and yield of esters decreased with increasing catalyst loading. Hydrocarbons (mainly neopentane) were the major chemical compounds found in bio-oil produced over AS-EAF. Besides that, AS-EAF showed good deoxygenation performance with highest selectivity of hydrocarbons at 500 °C and AS-EAF/durian shell ratio of 2:30. Catalytic fast pyrolysis of durian shell using waste-derived catalysts is an effective waste management strategy as the bio-oil produced can be a potential alternative source of energy or chemical feedstocks.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bombacaceae
  13. Fulltext Effect of different purification techniques on the characteristics of heteropolysaccharide-protein biopolymer from durian (Durio zibethinus) seed
    Amid BT, Mirhosseini H
    Molecules, 2012 Sep 10;17(9):10875-92.
    PMID: 22964503 DOI: 10.3390/molecules170910875
    Natural biopolymers from plant sources contain many impurities (e.g., fat, protein, fiber, natural pigment and endogenous enzymes), therefore, an efficient purification process is recommended to minimize these impurities and consequently improve the functional properties of the biopolymer. The main objective of the present study was to investigate the effect of different purification techniques on the yield, protein content, solubility, water- and oil-holding capacity of a heteropolysaccharide-protein biopolymer obtained from durian seed. Four different purification methods using different chemicals and solvents (i.e., A (isopropanol and ethanol), B (isopropanol and acetone), C (saturated barium hydroxide), and D (Fehling solution)] to liberate the purified biopolymer from its crude form were compared. In most cases, the purification process significantly (p < 0.05) improved the physicochemical properties of heteropolysaccharide-protein biopolymer from durian fruit seed. The present work showed that the precipitation using isopropanol and acetone (Method B) resulted in the highest purification yield among all the tested purification techniques. The precipitation using saturated barium hydroxide (Method C) led to induce the highest solubility and relatively high capacity of water absorption. The current study reveals that the precipitation using Fehling solution (Method D) most efficiently eliminates the protein fraction, thus providing more pure biopolymer suitable for biological applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bombacaceae/chemistry*
  14. Performances of toluene removal by activated carbon derived from durian shell
    Tham YJ, Latif PA, Abdullah AM, Shamala-Devi A, Taufiq-Yap YH
    Bioresour Technol, 2011 Jan;102(2):724-8.
    PMID: 20884200 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.08.068
    In the effort to find alternative low cost adsorbent for volatile organic vapors has prompted this research in assessing the effectiveness of activated carbon produced from durian shell in removing toluene vapors. Durian shells were impregnated with different concentrations of H3PO4 followed by carbonization at 500 °C for 20 min under nitrogen atmosphere. The prepared durian shell activated carbon (DSAC) was characterized for its physical and chemical properties. The removal efficiency of toluene by DSAC was performed using different toluene concentrations. Results showed that the highest BET surface area of the produced DSAC was 1404 m2/g. Highest removal efficiency of toluene vapors was achieved by using DSAC impregnated with 30% of acid concentration heated at 500 °C for 20 min heating duration. However, there is insignificant difference between removal efficiency of toluene by DSAC and different toluene concentrations. The toluene adsorption by DSAC was better fitted into Freundlich model.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bombacaceae/chemistry*
  15. Shear flow behaviour and emulsion-stabilizing effect of natural polysaccharide-protein gum in aqueous system and oil/water (O/W) emulsion
    Amid BT, Mirhosseini H
    Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces, 2013 Mar 1;103:430-40.
    PMID: 23261563 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.11.015
    The main objective of the current work was to characterize the shear rheological flow behaviour and emulsifying properties of the natural biopolymer from durian seed. The present study revealed that the extraction condition significantly affected the physical and functional characteristics of the natural biopolymer from durian seed. The dynamic oscillatory test indicated that the biopolymer from durian seed showed more gel (or solid) like behaviour than the viscous (or liquid) like behaviour (G'>G″) at a relatively high concentration (20%) in the fixed frequency (0.1 Hz). This might be explained by the fact that the gum coils disentangle at low frequencies during the long period of oscillation, thus resulting in more gel like behaviour than the viscous like behaviour. The average droplet size of oil in water (O/W) emulsions stabilized by durian seed gum significantly varied from 0.42 to 7.48 μm. The results indicated that O/W emulsions showed significant different stability after 4 months storage. This might be interpreted by the considerable effect of the extraction condition on the chemical and molecular structure of the biopolymer, thus affecting its emulsifying capacity. The biopolymer extracted by using low water to seed (W/S) ratio at the low temperature under the alkaline condition showed a relatively high emulsifying activity in O/W emulsion.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bombacaceae/chemistry
  16. Fulltext Influence of chemical extraction on rheological behavior, viscoelastic properties and functional characteristics of natural heteropolysaccharide/protein polymer from Durio zibethinus seed
    Amid BT, Mirhosseini H
    Int J Mol Sci, 2012 Nov 13;13(11):14871-88.
    PMID: 23203099 DOI: 10.3390/ijms131114871
    In recent years, the demand for a natural plant-based polymer with potential functions from plant sources has increased considerably. The main objective of the current study was to study the effect of chemical extraction conditions on the rheological and functional properties of the heteropolysaccharide/protein biopolymer from durian (Durio zibethinus) seed. The efficiency of different extraction conditions was determined by assessing the extraction yield, protein content, solubility, rheological properties and viscoelastic behavior of the natural polymer from durian seed. The present study revealed that the soaking process had a more significant (p < 0.05) effect than the decolorizing process on the rheological and functional properties of the natural polymer. The considerable changes in the rheological and functional properties of the natural polymer could be due to the significant (p < 0.05) effect of the chemical extraction variables on the protein fraction present in the molecular structure of the natural polymer from durian seed. The natural polymer from durian seed had a more elastic (or gel like) behavior compared to the viscous (liquid like) behavior at low frequency. The present study revealed that the natural heteropolysaccharide/protein polymer from durian seed had a relatively low solubility ranging from 9.1% to 36.0%. This might be due to the presence of impurities, insoluble matter and large particles present in the chemical structure of the natural polymer from durian seed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bombacaceae/chemistry*
  17. Chemistry and Pharmacognosy of the Genus Durio
    Rudiyansyaha, Panthong K, Garson MJ
    Nat Prod Commun, 2015 Nov;10(11):1853-60.
    PMID: 26749813
    Durio is well known as one of the sources of seasonal fruit production in Southeast Asia with its center of diversity in Borneo. Thailand, Indonesia, and Malaysia are the main Durio producers in the world. Besides having much information about the utilization and benefit from its timber and fruits as a food substance, traditionally some parts of this plant, such as leaves, bark and root, can also be used for medical purposes. This review deals with chemical constituents and the biological activities of Durio plants.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bombacaceae/chemistry*
  18. Fulltext Response Surface Methodology for the Optimization of Preparation of Biocomposites Based on Poly(lactic acid) and Durian Peel Cellulose
    Penjumras P, Rahman RA, Talib RA, Abdan K
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2015;2015:293609.
    PMID: 26167523 DOI: 10.1155/2015/293609
    Response surface methodology was used to optimize preparation of biocomposites based on poly(lactic acid) and durian peel cellulose. The effects of cellulose loading, mixing temperature, and mixing time on tensile strength and impact strength were investigated. A central composite design was employed to determine the optimum preparation condition of the biocomposites to obtain the highest tensile strength and impact strength. A second-order polynomial model was developed for predicting the tensile strength and impact strength based on the composite design. It was found that composites were best fit by a quadratic regression model with high coefficient of determination (R (2)) value. The selected optimum condition was 35 wt.% cellulose loading at 165°C and 15 min of mixing, leading to a desirability of 94.6%. Under the optimum condition, the tensile strength and impact strength of the biocomposites were 46.207 MPa and 2.931 kJ/m(2), respectively.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bombacaceae/chemistry*
  19. Characterization and anti-bacterial potential of iron oxide nanoparticle processed eco-friendly by plant extract
    Yan LP, Gopinath SCB, Anbu P, Kasim FH, Zulhaimi HI, Yaakub ARW
    Prep Biochem Biotechnol, 2020;50(10):1053-1062.
    PMID: 32597353 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2020.1783678
    This research comprehends iron-oxide nanoparticle (IONP) production, the apparent metallic nanostructure with unique superparamagnetic properties. Durian-rind-extract was utilized to synthesize IONP and the color of reaction mixture becomes dark brown, indicated the formation of IONPs and the peak was observed at ∼330 nm under UV-visible spectroscopy. The morphological observation under high-resolution microscopies has revealed the spherical shape and the average size (∼10 nm) of IONP. The further support was rendered by EDX-analysis showing apparent iron and oxygen peaks. XRD results displayed the crystalline planes with (110) and (300) planes at 2θ of 35.73° and 63.53°, respectively. XPS-data has clearly demonstrated the presence of Fe2P and O1s peaks. The IONPs were successfully capped by the polyphenol compounds from durian-rind-extract as evidenced by the representative peaks between 1633 and 595 cm-1 from FTIR analysis. The antimicrobial potentials of IONPs were evidenced by the disk-diffusion assay. The obtained results have abundant attention and being actively explored owing to their beneficial applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bombacaceae/chemistry*
  20. Comparison of crude extract from durio zibethinus M. (durian) leaf waste via ultrasound-assisted extraction and accelerated solvent extraction: antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity
    Kam WJ, Abas F, Hussain N, Mirhosseini H
    Nat Prod Res, 2020 Jul;34(13):1937-1941.
    PMID: 30691284 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2018.1564296
    The objective of this study was to compare the antioxidant activity and cytotoxicity of Durio zibethinus M. (Durian) leaf extract from two extraction methods. Ultrasound-assisted extraction and Accelerated-solvent extraction were used to produce crude extract. The results revealed that UAE achieved 3× higher in total phenolic content in the leaf extract compared to ASE. DPPH radical scavenging activity was 4.6× higher in leaf extract from ASE. No significant differences reported in ferric reducing power, and total flavonoid content of the leaf extract between the two methods. Cytotoxicity via MTT assay demonstrated no significant differences in cell viability upon exposure to the leaf extract from both methods. This suggested that they were appropriate in producing Durio zibethinus M. leaf extract for end use application in food related product. Both ensured similar level of safety in Durio zibethinus M. leaf extract as a new potential ingredient for the food industry.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bombacaceae/chemistry*
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