Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 44 in total

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  1. Fulltext Effects of palm vitamin e on bone-formation-related gene expression in nicotine-treated rats
    Abukhadir SS, Mohamed N, Makpol S, Muhammad N
    Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2012;2012:656025.
    PMID: 23049610 DOI: 10.1155/2012/656025
    The study determines the effects of palm vitamin E on the gene expression of bone-formation-related genes in nicotine-treated rats. Male rats were divided into three groups: normal saline olive oil (NSO), nicotine olive oil (NO), and nicotine palm vitamin E (NE). The treatment was carried out in 2 phases. During the first 2 months, the NSO group received normal saline while the NO and NE groups received nicotine 7 mg/kg, 6 days a week, intraperitoneally. The following 2 months, normal saline and nicotine administration was stopped and was replaced with oral supplementation of olive oil for the NSO and NO groups and oral supplementation of palm vitamin E (60 mg/kg) for the NE group. Both femurs were harvested to determine the gene expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), Osterix (OSX), and Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2). Nicotine significantly downregulated the gene expression. This effect was reversed by palm vitamin E treatment. In conclusion, palm vitamin E may play a role in osteoblast differentiation and can be considered as an anabolic agent to treat nicotine-induced osteoporosis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Olive Oil
  2. Fulltext Characterization of Ternary Blends of Vegetable Oils with Optimal ω-6/ω-3 Fatty Acid Ratios
    Nehdi IA, Hadj-Kali MK, Sbihi HM, Tan CP, Al-Resayes SI
    J Oleo Sci, 2019;68(11):1041-1049.
    PMID: 31695014 DOI: 10.5650/jos.ess19111
    An optimal ratio of omega-6 to omega-3 (ω-6/ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in the diet prevents the pathogenesis of many inflammatory diseases. This study aimed to synthesize and characterize ternary oil blends with optimal ω-6/ω-3 ratios using olive (OL), sunflower (SU), and cress (CR) oils. The oxidative stability, thermal profile, fatty acid (FA) and tocopherol compositions, and the physicochemical properties of the blends were used to determine their quality. Oil mixtures were prepared with 2, 3, 4, and 5 ω-6/ω-3 ratios. FA composition and tocopherol content were the most important factors affecting the oxidation and thermal stabilities of the oils. All oil mixtures showed good quality indices. Thus, synthetized oil blends with high oxidative stability, high antioxidant content, optimal ω-6/ω-3 ratios, and recommended FA compositions can influence human health. The composition of healthy oil blends with optimal ω-6/ω-3 ratios was expressed mathematically and depicted graphically in a ternary diagram.
    Matched MeSH terms: Olive Oil/chemistry
  3. Virgin olive oil, palm olein and coconut oil diets do not raise cell adhesion molecules and thrombogenicity indices in healthy Malaysian adults
    Voon PT, Ng TK, Lee VK, Nesaretnam K
    Eur J Clin Nutr, 2015 Jun;69(6):712-6.
    PMID: 25804278 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2015.26
    Effects of high-protein diets that are rich in saturated fats on cell adhesion molecules, thrombogenicity and other nonlipid markers of atherosclerosis in humans have not been firmly established. We aim to investigate the effects of high-protein Malaysian diets prepared separately with virgin olive oil (OO), palm olein (PO) and coconut oil (CO) on cell adhesion molecules, lipid inflammatory mediators and thromobogenicity indices in healthy adults.
    Matched MeSH terms: Olive Oil/standards; Olive Oil/therapeutic use*
  4. Fulltext Therapeutic Effects of Olive and Its Derivatives on Osteoarthritis: From Bench to Bedside
    Chin KY, Pang KL
    Nutrients, 2017 Sep 26;9(10).
    PMID: 28954409 DOI: 10.3390/nu9101060
    Osteoarthritis is a major cause of morbidity among the elderly worldwide. It is a disease characterized by localized inflammation of the joint and destruction of cartilage, leading to loss of function. Impaired chondrocyte repair mechanisms, due to inflammation, oxidative stress and autophagy, play important roles in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis. Olive and its derivatives, which possess anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and autophagy-enhancing activities, are suitable candidates for therapeutic interventions for osteoarthritis. This review aimed to summarize the current evidence on the effects of olive and its derivatives, on osteoarthritis and chondrocytes. The literature on animal and human studies has demonstrated a beneficial effect of olive and its derivatives on the progression of osteoarthritis. In vitro studies have suggested that the augmentation of autophagy (though sirtuin-1) and suppression of inflammation by olive polyphenols could contribute to the chondroprotective effects of olive polyphenols. More research and well-planned clinical trials are required to justify the use of olive-based treatment in osteoarthritis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Olive Oil/isolation & purification; Olive Oil/therapeutic use*
  5. Fulltext The Biological Activities of Oleocanthal from a Molecular Perspective
    Pang KL, Chin KY
    Nutrients, 2018 May 06;10(5).
    PMID: 29734791 DOI: 10.3390/nu10050570
    Oleocanthal is a minor constituent of olive oil with strong anti-inflammatory activities. Since the pathogenesis of many chronic diseases involves inflammatory and oxidative components, oleocanthal is a promising agent to prevent these conditions. This review aimed to summarise the current beneficial health effects of oleocanthal and the molecular basis of its biological actions. The anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, antimicrobial, anticancer and neuroprotective activities of oleocanthal have been examined by previous studies. Of these, studies on the anticancer effects have been the most extensive. Oleocanthal was reported to suppress melanoma, breast, liver, and colon cancer cells. Neurological studies focused on the effects of oleocanthal against Alzheimer’s disease. Oleocanthal improved clearance of the amyloid beta protein from neurons and reduced the inflammation of astrocytes. Despite the positive results, validation of the biological effects of oleocanthal in animal disease models is limited and should be emphasized in the future. As a conclusion, oleocanthal may act together with other bioactive compounds in olive oil to achieve its therapeutic potential. The use of oleocanthal alone as a single therapeutic measure awaits validation from future studies.
    Matched MeSH terms: Olive Oil/pharmacology
  6. Fulltext An investigation on the thermal effusivity of nanofluids Containing Al(2)O(3) and CuO nanoparticles
    Noroozi M, Zakaria A, Moksin MM, Wahab ZA
    Int J Mol Sci, 2012;13(8):10350-8.
    PMID: 22949865 DOI: 10.3390/ijms130810350
    The thermal effusivity of Al(2)O(3) and CuO nanofluids in different base fluids, i.e., deionized water, ethylene glycol and olive oil were investigated. The nanofluids, nanoparticles dispersed in base fluids; were prepared by mixing Al(2)O(3), CuO nanopowder and the base fluids using sonication with high-powered pulses to ensure a good uniform dispersion of nanoparticles in the base fluids. The morphology of the particles in the base fluids was investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In this study, a phase frequency scan of the front pyroelectric configuration technique, with a thermally thick PVDF pyroelectric sensor and sample, was used to measure the thermal effusivity of the prepared nanofluids. The experimental results of the thermal effusivity of the studied solvents (deionized water, ethylene glycol and olive oil) showed good agreement with literature values, and were reduced in the presence of nanoparticles. The thermal effusivity of the nanofluid was found to be particularly sensitive to its base fluid and the type of nanoparticles.
    Matched MeSH terms: Olive Oil
  7. Modulation of human lipids and lipoproteins by dietary palm oil and palm olein: a review
    Sundram K
    Asia Pac J Clin Nutr, 1997 Mar;6(1):12-6.
    PMID: 24394646
    Several human clinical trials have now evaluated palm oil's effects on blood lipids and lipoproteins. These studies suggest that palm oil and palm olein diets do not raise plasma TC and LDL-cholesterol levels to the extent expected from its fatty acid composition. With maximum substitution of palm oil in a Western type diet some coronary heart disease risk factors were beneficially modulated: HDL2-cholesterol was significantly increased while the apolipoprotein B/A1 ratio was beneficially lowered by palm oil. Comparison of palm olein with a variety of monounsaturated edible oils including rapeseed, canola, and olive oils has shown that plasma and LDL-cholesterol were not elevated by palm olein. To focus these findings, specific fatty acid effects have been evaluated. Myristic acid may be the most potent cholesterol raising saturated fatty acid. Palmitic acid effects were largely comparable to the monounsaturated oleic acid in normolipidaemic subjects while trans fatty acids detrimentally increased plasma cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, lipoprotein Lp(a) and lowered the beneficial HDL-cholesterol. Apart from these fatty acids there is evidence that the tocotrienols in palm oil products may have a hypocholesterolaemic effect. This is mediated by the ability of the tocotrienols to suppress HMG-CoA reductase. These new findings on palm oil merit a scientific reexamination of the classical saturated fat-lipid hypothesis and its role in lipoprotein regulation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Olive Oil
  8. Valorization of biodiesel side stream waste glycerol for rhamnolipids production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa RS6
    Baskaran SM, Zakaria MR, Mukhlis Ahmad Sabri AS, Mohamed MS, Wasoh H, Toshinari M, et al.
    Environ Pollut, 2021 Feb 13;276:116742.
    PMID: 33621735 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116742
    Biodiesel side stream waste glycerol was identified as a cheap carbon source for rhamnolipids (RLs) production which at the same time could improve the management of waste. The present study aimed to produce RLs by using Pseudomonas aeruginosa RS6 utilizing waste glycerol as a substrate and to evaluate their physico-chemicals properties. Fermentation conditions such as temperature, initial medium pH, waste glycerol concentration, nitrogen sources and concentrations resulted in different compositions of the mono- and di-RLs produced. The maximum RLs production of 2.73 g/L was obtained when P. aeruginosa RS6 was grown in a basal salt medium supplemented with 1% waste glycerol and 0.2 M sodium nitrate at 35 °C and pH 6.5. At optimal fermentation conditions, the emulsification index (E24) values of cooking oil, diesel oil, benzene, olive oil, petroleum, and kerosene were all above E24=50%. The surface tension reduction obtained from 72.13 mN/m to 29.4-30.4 mN/m was better than the surface activity of some chemical-based surfactants. The RLs produced possessed antimicrobial activities against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria with values ranging from 37% to 77% of growth inhibition when 1 mg/mL of RLs was used. Concentrations of RLs below 1500 μg/mL did not induce phytotoxicity effects on the tested seeds (Vigna radiata) compared to the chemical-based- surfactant, SDS. Furthermore, RLs tested on zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryos only exhibited low acute toxicity with an LC50 value of 72.97 μg/mL at 48 h of exposure suggesting a green and eco-biochemical worthy of future applications to replace chemical-based surfactants.
    Matched MeSH terms: Olive Oil
  9. Fulltext Virgin palm kernel oil reduces cardiovascular risk factors
    Phua, P. S. P, Ng, T. K. W., Teh, L. K., Voon, P. T.
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2019;15(102):53-53.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Inflammation is one of the major cause of cardiovascular disease, obesity, cancer and stroke. Many dietary compounds containing kernel oil or coconut oil with anti-inflammatory effect can delay the onset of these chronic diseases however the underlying mechanism is unclear. Methods: This study compares the effects of 5% virgin palm kernel oil (VPKO), virgin coconut oil (VCO) and refined, bleached, deodorized olive oil (RBDOO) on selected immune markers in healthy sprague dawley (SD) rats (n=16 per treatment) across 8 weeks. Sera were obtained for four major immunological analyses including cluster of differentiation 4 (CD 4), cluster of differentiation 8 (CD 8), interleukin 6 (IL 6), and c reactive protein (CRP). Results were expressed in mean ± standard error of the mean (mean±SE). Results: Eight weeks fat feeding had no significant difference in weight gain across treatments. Interestingly, we observe significant different on the concentration of CD 4 (p=0.001) with the lowest CD 4 level in rats fed with VPKO 3.87±0.65 ng/ml. The concentration of CD 8 in rats fed with VPKO 8.19±0.25 (p=0.001) ng/ml was comparable to VCO fed rats but was found lower than the control group, RBDOO fed rats. Lower T cell count (CD 4 or CD 8) indicates suppression in inflammation. IL-6 and CRP concentration in rat fed with VPKO 10.89±0.22 pg/ml and 118.39±7.13 ng/ml were slightly higher than that of VCO fed rats but were lower than RBDOO fed rats. Conclusion: We postulate that VPKO could be a potential supplement as an alternative to VCO for relieving inflammation and enhancing body immune system.
    Matched MeSH terms: Olive Oil
  10. Fulltext Ginger Extract (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) Triggers Apoptosis in Hepatocarcinogenesis Induced Rats
    Yasmin Anum, M.Y., Shahriza, Z.A., Looi, ML, Shafina Hanim, M.H., Harlianshah, H., Noor Aini, A.H., et al.
    Medicine & Health, 2008;3(2):263-274.
    MyJurnal
    Ginger extract has been reported previously by our group to exhibit anticancer and an-tioxidant effects by reducing tumour burden and lipid peroxidation respectively in he-patocarcinogenesis induced rats. The current study examined the expression of pro-apoptotic protein caspase-8 and anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 in hepatocarcinogenesis treated rats. Thirty normal male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups based on the diet given: i) control (normal rat chow), ii) olive oil, iii) ginger extract (100mg/kg body weight), iv) choline deficient diet + ethionine, CDE (to induce liver cancer) and v) CDE+ ginger extract. Rats were killed at week 8, and liver tissues were excised for immuno-histochemical study to identify pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic proteins, caspase-8 and Bcl-2. The observation on H&E staining confirmed the CDE diet induced liver can-cer as indicated by the presence of numerous oval cells. Identification of Bcl-2 expres-sion showed that 91.6% (11/12) of the samples from the CDE group revealed positive staining while treatment with ginger extract however inhibited the expression with only 8.4% (1/12) samples showing positive staining for Bcl-2. As for caspase-8 protein, 41.7% (5/12) of the samples from CDE group showed positive staining, which in-creased to 100% (12/12) with ginger extract treatment. Our findings suggest that gin-ger extract has an anticancer effect by inducing apoptosis in liver cancer cells via up-regulation of the expression of pro-apoptotic protein, caspase-8 and down-regulation of the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2.
    Matched MeSH terms: Olive Oil
  11. Fulltext Composition and Functionality of Lipid Emulsions in Parenteral Nutrition: Examining Evidence in Clinical Applications
    Sadu Singh BK, Narayanan SS, Khor BH, Sahathevan S, Abdul Gafor AH, Fiaccadori E, et al.
    Front Pharmacol, 2020;11:506.
    PMID: 32410990 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00506
    Lipid emulsions (LEs), an integral component in parenteral nutrition (PN) feeding, have shifted from the primary aim of delivering non-protein calories and essential fatty acids to defined therapeutic outcomes such as reducing inflammation, and improving metabolic and clinical outcomes. Use of LEs in PN for surgical and critically ill patients is particularly well established, and there is enough literature assigning therapeutic and adverse effects to specific LEs. This narrative review contrarily puts into perspective the fatty acid compositional (FAC) nature of LE formulations, and discusses clinical applications and outcomes according to the biological function and structural functionality of fatty acids and co-factors such as phytosterols, α-tocopherol, emulsifiers and vitamin K. In addition to soybean oil-based LEs, this review covers clinical studies using the alternate LEs that incorporates physical mixtures combining medium- and long-chain triglycerides or structured triglycerides or the unusual olive oil or fish oil. The Jaded score was applied to assess the quality of these studies, and we report outcomes categorized as per immuno-inflammatory, nutritional, clinical, and cellular level FAC changes. It appears that the FAC nature of LEs is the primary determinant of desired clinical outcomes, and we conclude that one type of LE alone cannot be uniformly applied to patient care.
    Matched MeSH terms: Olive Oil
  12. Fulltext Vitamin E improved bone strength and bone minerals in male rats given alcohol
    Zakaria S, Mat-Husain SZ, Ying-Hwey K, Xin-Kai K, Mohd-Badawi A, Abd-Ghani NA, et al.
    Iran J Basic Med Sci, 2017 Dec;20(12):1360-1367.
    PMID: 29238472 DOI: 10.22038/IJBMS.2017.9610
    Objectives: Alcohol consumption induces oxidative stress on bone, which in turn increases the risk of osteoporosis. This study determined the effects of vitamin E on bone strength and bone mineral content in alcohol-induced osteoporotic rats.

    Materials and Methods: Three months old Sprague Dawley male rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: (I) control group; (II) alcohol (3g/kg) + normal saline; (III) alcohol (3g/kg) + olive oil; (IV) alcohol (3g/kg) + alpha-tocopherol (60mg/kg) and (V) alcohol (3g/kg) + palm vitamin E (60mg/kg). The treatment lasted for three months. Following sacrifice, the right tibia was subjected to bone biomechanical test while the lumbar (fourth and fifth lumbar) and left tibia bones were harvested for bone mineral measurement.

    Results: Alcohol caused reduction in bone biomechanical parameters (maximum force, ultimate stress, yield stress and Young's modulus) and bone minerals (bone calcium and magnesium) compared to control group (P<0.05). Palm vitamin E was able to improve bone biomechanical parameters by increasing the maximum force, ultimate stress and Young's modulus (P<0.05) while alpha-tocopherol was not able to. Both alpha-tocopherol and palm vitamin E were able to significantly increase tibia calcium and magnesium content while only alpha-tocopherol caused significant increase in lumbar calcium content (P<0.05).

    Conclusion: Both palm vitamin E and alpha-tocopherol improved bone mineral content which was reduced by alcohol. However, only palm vitamin E was able to improve bone strength in alcohol treated rats.

    Matched MeSH terms: Olive Oil
  13. Protective effect of curcumin on experimentally induced arthritic rats: detailed histopathological study of the joints and white blood cell count
    Kamarudin TA, Othman F, Mohd Ramli ES, Md Isa N, Das S
    EXCLI J, 2012;11:226-36.
    PMID: 27366139
    Curcuma longa (turmeric) rhizomes contains curcumin, an active compound which possesses anti-inflammatory effects. Collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) is an accepted experimental animal model of rheumatoid arthritis. The present study aimed to observe the histological changes in the joints of experimental arthritic rats treated with curcumin. Twenty four male Sprague-Dawley (approximately 7 weeks-old) rats were randomly divided into four groups. Three groups were immunized with 150 µg collagen. All rats with established CIA, with arthritis scores exceeding 1, were orally treated with betamethasone (0.5 mg/ml/kg body weight), curcumin (110 mg/ml/kg body weight) or olive oil (1.0 ml/kg body weight) daily, for two weeks. One remaining group was kept as normal control. Treatment with 110 mg/ml/kg curcumin showed significant mean differences in the average white blood cell (WBC) count (p<0.05), cell infiltration, bone and cartilage erosion scores (p<0.05) compared to the olive oil treated group. Pannus formation scores showed that curcumin supplementation successfully suppressed the pannus formation process that occurred in the articular cartilage of the CIA joints. The mean difference for histological scores for the curcumin group was insignificant compared to the betamethasone treated group. It is concluded that supplementation of curcumin has protective effect on the histopathological and degenerative changes in the joints of CIA rats which was at par with betamethasone.
    Matched MeSH terms: Olive Oil
  14. Natural Organochlorines as Precursors of 3-Monochloropropanediol Esters in Vegetable Oils
    Tiong SH, Saparin N, Teh HF, Ng TLM, Md Zain MZB, Neoh BK, et al.
    J Agric Food Chem, 2018 Jan 31;66(4):999-1007.
    PMID: 29260544 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04995
    During high-temperature refining of vegetable oils, 3-monochloropropanediol (3-MCPD) esters, possible carcinogens, are formed from acylglycerol in the presence of a chlorine source. To investigate organochlorine compounds in vegetable oils as possible precursors for 3-MCPD esters, we tested crude palm, soybean, rapeseed, sunflower, corn, coconut, and olive oils for the presence of organochlorine compounds. Having found them in all vegetable oils tested, we focused subsequent study on oil palm products. Analysis of the chlorine isotope mass pattern exhibited in high-resolution mass spectrometry enabled organochlorine compound identification in crude palm oils as constituents of wax esters, fatty acid, diacylglycerols, and sphingolipids, which are produced endogenously in oil palm mesocarp throughout ripening. Analysis of thermal decomposition and changes during refining suggested that these naturally present organochlorine compounds in palm oils and perhaps in other vegetable oils are precursors of 3-MCPD esters. Enrichment and dose-response showed a linear relationship to 3-MCPD ester formation and indicated that the sphingolipid-based organochlorine compounds are the most active precursors of 3-MCPD esters.
    Matched MeSH terms: Olive Oil
  15. Fulltext Standardised neonatal parenteral nutrition formulations - Australasian neonatal parenteral nutrition consensus update 2017
    Bolisetty S, Osborn D, Schindler T, Sinn J, Deshpande G, Wong CS, et al.
    BMC Pediatr, 2020 02 08;20(1):59.
    PMID: 32035481 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-020-1958-9
    BACKGROUND: The first consensus standardised neonatal parenteral nutrition formulations were implemented in many neonatal units in Australia in 2012. The current update involving 49 units from Australia, New Zealand, Singapore, Malaysia and India was conducted between September 2015 and December 2017 with the aim to review and update the 2012 formulations and guidelines.

    METHODS: A systematic review of available evidence for each parenteral nutrient was undertaken and new standardised formulations and guidelines were developed.

    RESULTS: Five existing preterm Amino acid-Dextrose formulations have been modified and two new concentrated Amino acid-Dextrose formulations added to optimise amino acid and nutrient intake according to gestation. Organic phosphate has replaced inorganic phosphate allowing for an increase in calcium and phosphate content, and acetate reduced. Lipid emulsions are unchanged, with both SMOFlipid (Fresenius Kabi, Australia) and ClinOleic (Baxter Healthcare, Australia) preparations included. The physicochemical compatibility and stability of all formulations have been tested and confirmed. Guidelines to standardise the parenteral nutrition clinical practice across facilities have also been developed.

    CONCLUSIONS: The 2017 PN formulations and guidelines developed by the 2017 Neonatal Parenteral Nutrition Consensus Group offer concise and practical instructions to clinicians on how to implement current and up-to-date evidence based PN to the NICU population.

    Matched MeSH terms: Olive Oil
  16. Fulltext Effects of emulsified and non-emulsified palm tocotrienol on bone and joint health in ovariectomised rats with monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis
    Ekeuku SO, Nor Muhamad ML, Aminuddin AA, Ahmad F, Wong SK, Mark-Lee WF, et al.
    Biomed Pharmacother, 2024 Jan;170:115998.
    PMID: 38091638 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115998
    Postmenopausal women are susceptible to osteoporosis and osteoarthritis. Tocotrienol, a bone-protective nutraceutical, is reported to prevent osteoarthritis in male rats. However, its efficacy on joint health in oestrogen deficiency has not been validated. Besides, data on the use of emulsification systems in enhancing bioavailability and protective effects of tocotrienol are limited. Ovariectomised adult female Sprague-Dawley rats (3 months old) were treated with refined olive oil, emulsified (EPT, 100 mg/kg/day with 25% vitamin E content), non-emulsified palm tocotrienol (NEPT, 100 mg/kg/day with 50% vitamin E content) and calcium carbonate (1% w/v in drinking water) plus glucosamine sulphate (250 mg/kg/day) for 10 weeks. Osteoarthritis was induced with monosodium iodoacetate four weeks after ovariectomy. Baseline control was sacrificed upon receipt, while the sham group was not ovariectomised and treated with refined olive oil. EPT and NEPT prevented femoral metaphyseal and subchondral bone volume decline caused by ovariectomy. EPT decreased subchondral trabecular separation compared to the negative control. EPT preserved stiffness and Young's Modulus at the femoral mid-shaft of the rats. Circulating RANKL was reduced post-treatment in the EPT group. Joint width was reduced in all the treatment groups vs the negative control. The EPT group's grip strength was significantly improved over the negative control and NEPT group. EPT also preserved cartilage histology based on several Mankin's subscores. EPT performed as effectively as NEPT in preventing osteoporosis and osteoarthritis in ovariectomised rats despite containing less vitamin E content. This study justifies clinical trials for the use of EPT in postmenopausal women with both conditions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Olive Oil
  17. Fulltext Tocotrienol supplementation improves late-phase fracture healing compared to alpha-tocopherol in a rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis: a biomechanical evaluation
    Mohamad S, Shuid AN, Mokhtar SA, Abdullah S, Soelaiman IN
    Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2012;2012:372878.
    PMID: 22829855 DOI: 10.1155/2012/372878
    This study investigated the effects of α-tocopherol and palm oil tocotrienol supplementations on bone fracture healing in postmenopausal osteoporosis rats. 32 female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups. The first group was sham operated (SO), while the others were ovariectomised. After 2 months, the right femora were fractured under anesthesia and fixed with K-wire. The SO and ovariectomised-control rats (OVXC) were given olive oil (vehicle), while both the alpha-tocopherol (ATF) and tocotrienol-enriched fraction (TEF) groups were given alpha-tocopherol and tocotrienol-enriched fraction, respectively, at the dose of 60 mg/kg via oral gavages 6 days per week for 8 weeks. The rats were then euthanized and the femora dissected out for bone biomechanical testing to assess their strength. The callous of the TEF group had significantly higher stress parameter than the SO and OVXC groups. Only the SO group showed significantly higher strain parameter compared to the other treatment groups. The load parameter of the OVXC and ATF groups was significantly lower than the SO group. There was no significant difference in the Young's modulus between the groups. In conclusion, tocotrienol is better than α-tocopherol in improving the biomechanical properties of the fracture callous in postmenopausal osteoporosis rat model.
    Matched MeSH terms: Olive Oil
  18. Virgin olive oil phenolics extract inhibit invasion of HT115 human colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo
    Hashim YZ, Worthington J, Allsopp P, Ternan NG, Brown EM, McCann MJ, et al.
    Food Funct, 2014 Jul 25;5(7):1513-9.
    PMID: 24836598 DOI: 10.1039/c4fo00090k
    The decreased cancer risk associated with consumption of olive oil may be due to the presence of phenolics which can modulate pathways including apoptosis and invasion that are relevant to carcinogenesis. We have previously shown that a virgin olive oil phenolics extract (OVP) inhibited invasion of HT115 colon cancer cells in vitro. In the current study we assessed the in vitro effects of OVP (25 μg mL(-1)) on HT115 cell migration, spreading and integrin expression. Furthermore, the anti-metastatic activity of OVP - at a dose equivalent to 25 mg per kg per day for 2, 8 or 10 weeks - was assessed in a Severe Combined ImmunoDeficiency (SCID) Balb-c mouse model. After 24 h OVP did not inhibit cell migration but significantly reduced cell spreading on fibronectin (65% of control; p < 0.05) and expression of a range of α and β integrins was modulated. In vivo, OVP by gavage significantly (p < 0.05) decreased not only tumour volume but also the number of metastases in SCID Balb-c mice. Collectively, the data suggest that - possibly through modulation of integrin expression - OVP decreases invasion in vitro and also inhibits metastasis in vivo.
    Matched MeSH terms: Olive Oil
  19. Fulltext Effect of dietary intake of avocado oil and olive oil on biochemical markers of liver function in sucrose-fed rats
    Carvajal-Zarrabal O, Nolasco-Hipolito C, Aguilar-Uscanga MG, Melo Santiesteban G, Hayward-Jones PM, Barradas-Dermitz DM
    Biomed Res Int, 2014;2014:595479.
    PMID: 24860825 DOI: 10.1155/2014/595479
    Metabolic changes, along with cardiovascular and hepatic factors, are associated with the development of diseases such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, and obesity. We evaluated the effect of avocado oil supplementation (centrifuged and solvent extracted), compared with olive oil, upon the hepatic function in sucrose-fed rats. Twenty-five rats were divided into five groups: control (basal diet), a sucrose-fed group (basal diet plus 30% sucrose solution), and three other groups (S-OO, S-AOC, and S-AOS, indicating basal diet plus 30% sucrose solution plus olive oil OO, avocado oil extracted by centrifugation AOC or using solvent AOS, resp.). Glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, total protein, albumin, globulin, direct bilirubin, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, cholinesterase, and α -amylase concentrations were determined and avocado oil effect on them was studied. In some cases the induced metabolic alteration significantly affected total protein and bilirubin levels and also had a highly significant effect on α -amylase levels. AOC and AOS exhibited effects similar to those of olive oil, according to the nonsignificant difference in fatty acid profile observed by other authors. Avocado oil consumption could be beneficial in the control of altered metabolic profile illnesses as it presents effects on hepatic function biochemical markers similar to olive oil.
    Matched MeSH terms: Olive Oil
  20. Palm olein and olive oil cause a higher increase in postprandial lipemia compared with lard but had no effect on plasma glucose, insulin and adipocytokines
    Teng KT, Nagapan G, Cheng HM, Nesaretnam K
    Lipids, 2011 Apr;46(4):381-8.
    PMID: 21197586 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-010-3516-y
    Postprandial lipemia impairs insulin sensitivity and triggers the pro-inflammatory state which may lead to the progression of cardiovascular diseases. A randomized, crossover single-blind study (n = 10 healthy men) was designed to compare the effects of a high-fat load (50 g fat), rich in palmitic acid from both plant (palm olein) or animal source (lard) versus an oleic acid-rich fat (virgin olive oil) on lipemia, plasma glucose, insulin and adipocytokines. Serum triacylglycerol (TAG) concentrations were significantly lower after the lard meal than after the olive oil and palm olein meals (meal effect P = 0.003; time effect P < 0.001). The greater reduction in the plasma non-esterified free fatty acids levels in the lard group compared to the olive oil meal was mirrored by the changes observed for serum TAG levels (P < 0.05). The magnitude of response for plasma glucose, insulin and adipocytokines [interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and leptin] were not altered by the type of dietary fats. A significant difference in plasma IL-1β was found over time following the three high fat loads (time effect P = 0.036). The physical characteristics and changes in TAG structure of lard may contribute to the smaller increase in postprandial lipemia compared with palm olein. A high fat load but not the type of fats influences concentrations of plasma IL-1β over time but had no effect on other pro-inflammatory markers tested in the postprandial state.
    Matched MeSH terms: Olive Oil
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