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Prevalence of sleep disturbance in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Salari N, Sadeghi N, Hosseinian-Far A, Hasheminezhad R, Khazaie H, Shohaimi S, et al.

Adv Rheumatol, 2023 Jul 19;63(1):33.
PMID: 37468951 DOI: 10.1186/s42358-023-00315-1

BACKGROUND: Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) patients face several challenges due to the nature of the disease and its physical and psychological complications. Sleep disorders are among the most important concerns. Sleep disorders can aggravate the signs and symptoms of the disease and ultimately reduce the quality of patients' lives. This study uses a systematic review and meta-analysis to pool the reported prevalence of sleep disorders among AS patients.
METHODS: To find related studies, the WoS, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Embase, and Google Scholar databases were systematically searched without a lower time limit. Heterogeneity among the identified studies was checked using the I2 index, and the Begg and Mazumdar correlation test examined the existence of published bias. Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (v.2) software was adopted to analyze the data.
RESULTS: In the review of 18 studies with a sample size of 5,840, the overall pooled prevalence of sleep disorders among AS patients based on the random effects method was found to be 53% (95% CI: 44.9-61). The highest and lowest prevalence was in Egypt at 90% and Australia at 19.2%, respectively. Our meta-regression results show that with the increase in 'sample size' and 'year of publication', the overall prevalence of sleep disorders in patients with AS decreases (p

Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence
The recognition of anti-nuclear antibody's dense fine speckled pattern and the detection of anti-DFS70 antibodies in the laboratory practice: Its prevalence and clinical significance

Wahab AA, Jauhary EJ, Ding CH

Malays J Pathol, 2023 Aug;45(2):157-173.
PMID: 37658526

Anti-nuclear antibody test (ANA) is the test commonly requested for the working diagnosis of systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs) particularly in ANA-associated rheumatic diseases (AARDs) such as SLE, systemic sclerosis, Sjogren syndrome, mixed connective tissue diseases, and dermatomyositis. Dense fine speckled (DFS) pattern is an ANA fluorescence pattern that is commonly encountered in laboratories. This pattern is largely detected among the healthy population and in non-SARDs patients. Although this pattern is still can be observed among SARDs patients, the low prevalence of monospecific or isolated anti-DFS70 antibodies makes it useful for ruling out AARDs diagnosis. Thus, the inclusion of anti-DFS70 antibodies is perhaps logical for the exclusion of SARDs/AARDs. This review provides evidence of the prevalence of anti-DFS70 antibodies in different populations including healthy individuals, patients with SARDs and non- SARDs. The algorithm that includes the detection of anti-DFS70 antibodies during ANA screening is also suggested.

Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence
Fulltext Determinants of the demand for using preventive medical care among adults in penang, malaysia

Cheah YK

Malays J Med Sci, 2013 Jan;20(1):46-55.
PMID: 23613658 MyJurnal

In light of the fact that chronic diseases were becoming more prevalent recently, the primary objective of the study was to examine the socio-demographic, health, and lifestyle determinants of the use of preventive medical care in Penang, Malaysia.

Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence
Fulltext Factors influencing consumer purchase decisions for health-promoting goods and services in malaysia

Cheah YK

Malays J Med Sci, 2014 Nov-Dec;21(6):36-44.
PMID: 25897281 MyJurnal

In the context of global increases in the prevalence of non-communicable diseases, the objective of the present study is to investigate the factors affecting individuals' decisions to use health-promoting goods and services.

Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence
Fulltext The Influence of Demographic, Clinical, Psychological and Functional Determinants on Post-stroke Cognitive Impairment at Day Care Stroke Center, Malaysia

Mohd Zulkifly MF, Ghazali SE, Che Din N, Subramaniam P

Malays J Med Sci, 2016 Mar;23(2):53-64.
PMID: 27547115 MyJurnal

This study aims to estimate the prevalence and explore the predictors for post-stroke cognitive impairment at the community level in Malaysia.

Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence
Fulltext Prevalence of common mental health issues among migrant workers: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Hasan SI, Yee A, Rinaldi A, Azham AA, Mohd Hairi F, Amer Nordin AS

PLoS One, 2021;16(12):e0260221.
PMID: 34855800 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260221

Previous literature has shown that migrant workers manifested higher common mental issues (especially depressive symptom) compared to local workers due to stressors such as financial constraint and lack of access to healthcare. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to summarize the current body of evidence for the prevalence of depression and anxiety among migrant workers as well as exploring the risk factors and the availability of social support for migrant workers. Seven electronic databases, grey literature and Google Scholar were searched for studies from 2015 to 2021 related to mental health, social support and migrant workers. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle Ottawa Scale and the Joanna Briggs Institute Qualitative Assessment and Review Instrument (JBI-QARI). Study heterogeneity was evaluated using I2 statistics. Random effects meta-analysis results were presented given heterogeneity among studies. The search returned 27 articles and only seven studies were included in meta-analysis, involving 44 365 migrant workers in 17 different countries. The overall prevalence of depression and anxiety among migrant workers was 38.99% (95% CI = 0.27, 0.51) and 27.31% (95% CI = 0.06, 0.58), respectively. Factors such as age, biological (health issue, family history of psychiatric disorder), individual (poor coping skills), occupational (workplace psychosocial stressors, poor working condition, salary and benefits issue, abuse), environmental (limited access towards healthcare, duration of residence, living condition) and social factor (limited social support) were associated with a mental health outcome in migrant workers. The availability of social support for migrant workers was mainly concentrated in emotional type of support. A high prevalence of depression and anxiety was found among migrant workers across the globe. This finding warrants a collective effort by different parties in providing assistance for migrant workers to promote their mental well-being.

Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence
Fulltext Association between ADHD and vision problems. A systematic review and meta-analysis

Bellato A, Perna J, Ganapathy PS, Solmi M, Zampieri A, Cortese S, et al.

Mol Psychiatry, 2023 Jan;28(1):410-422.
PMID: 35931758 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01699-0

AIM: To conduct the first systematic review and meta-analysis assessing whether attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with disorders of the eye, and/or altered measures of visual function.
METHOD: Based on a pre-registered protocol (PROSPERO: CRD42021256352), we searched PubMed, Web of Knowledge/Science, Ovid Medline, Embase and APA PsycINFO up to 16th November 2021, with no language/type of document restrictions. We included observational studies reporting at least one measure of vision in people of any age meeting DSM/ICD criteria for ADHD and in people without ADHD; or the prevalence of ADHD in people with and without vision disorders. Study quality was assessed with the Appraisal tool for Cross-Sectional Studies (AXIS). Random effects meta-analyses were used for data synthesis.
RESULTS: We included 42 studies in the narrative synthesis and 35 studies in the meta-analyses (3,250,905 participants). We found meta-analytic evidence of increased risk of astigmatism (OR = 1.79 [CI: 1.50, 2.14]), hyperopia and hypermetropia (OR = 1.79 [CI: 1.66, 1.94]), strabismus (OR = 1.93 [CI: 1.75, 2.12]), unspecified vision problems (OR = 1.94 [CI: 1.38, 2.73]) and reduced near point of convergence (OR = 5.02 [CI: 1.78, 14.11]); increased lag (Hedge's g = 0.63 [CI: 0.30, 0.96]) and variability (Hedge's g = 0.40 [CI: 0.17, 0.64]) of the accommodative response; and increased self-reported vision problems (Hedge's g = 0.63 [CI: 0.44, 0.82]) in people with ADHD compared to those without ADHD (with no significant heterogeneity). We also found meta-analytic evidence of no differences between people with and without ADHD on retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (Hedge's g = -0.19 [CI: -0.41, 0.02]) and refractive error (Hedge's g = 0.08 [CI: -0.26, 0.42]) (with no significant heterogeneity).
DISCUSSION: ADHD is associated with some self-reported and objectively ascertained functional vision problems, but not with structural alterations of the eye. Further studies should clarify the causal relationship, if any, between ADHD and problems of vision.
TRIAL REGISTRATION: PROSPERO registration: CRD42021256352.

Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence
Fulltext Back pain and associated factors among rubber tappers in Pahang. [Sakit belakang dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhinya dikalangan penoreh getah di Pahang.]

Abu Hassan Shaari, Hasbullah Abdul Rahman

Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2003;3(1):48-51.
MyJurnal

Backache is a common health problem associated with non ergonomic working environment. A cross sectional study amongst the rubber tappers was conducted to determine the prevalence of low back pain and ergonomic factors related to it. The respondents were 116 male rubber tappers from Felda scheme in the state of Pahang who were selected by random sampling. The result showed prevalence of low back pain was 60.3% and has significant association with history of backache (p<0.05). Rubber tappers were 6 times more higher to develop low back pain if they had history of backache (Odd Ratio =6.24, 95% CI). There were no significant association between socio-demographic factors and low back pain. Ergonomic factors such as bending during tapping, respondents’ height and duration of the tapping showed no significant association with low back pain. Further study should be done in ergonomic aspect to explore the problem.
Key words: Low back pain, rubber tapper, Felda, ergonomic.

Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence*
Fulltext Prevalence of complementary alternative medicine use among patients with type II diabetes in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia

Baharom N, Shamsul Azhar S, Rotina AB

Medicine & Health, 2016;11(2):257-266.
MyJurnal

The uses of Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) among patients with chronic diseases are becoming increasingly popular. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in 45 government health clinics across Negeri Sembilan. Respondents at diabetes clinics were selected via systematic random sampling and interviewed using structured questionnaire. CAM usage was divided into three groups; CAM use for diabetes (CAM-DM), CAM use for general health (CAM-G) and Non CAM user. The prevalent use of CAM among type II diabetes mellitus patients in Negeri Sembilan was 58.5% (CAM-DM: 40.6% and CAM-G: 17.9%). For CAM-DM group, bitter gourd (Momordica charantia) was the most popular CAM consumed to help control diabetes, while supplement milk was the most popular choice for the CAM-G group. In conclusion, the use of CAM among type II diabetes mellitus patients in Negeri Sembilan was common. Natural products are the main choice of CAM modality used to help with the management of diabetes. Majority of CAM users never informed their healthcare providers about their CAM use.
Study site: 45 klinik kesihatan, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence*
Fulltext Prevalence and predictors of suicidality among medical students in a public university

Tan ST, Sherina MS, Rampal L, Normala I

Med J Malaysia, 2015 Feb;70(1):1-5.
PMID: 26032521 MyJurnal

BACKGROUND: Undergraduate medical students have been the most distressed group among the student population. Depression and anxiety have been found to be more prevalent in this group of students compared to others.

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and predictors of suicidality among undergraduate medical students in a public university.

METHODS: This was an analytical cross-sectional study, conducted in a public university in Selangor, Malaysia. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires from January to February 2013, and analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences Software (version 21).

RESULTS: Out of 625 undergraduate medical students, 537 (85.9%) participated in the study. The prevalence of the suicidality among undergraduate medical students was 7.0%. The significant predictors of suicidality based on multiple logistic regression were the respondent's lifetime suicide attempts (Adjusted Odds Ratio, AOR 10.4, 95% CI 2.7 to 40.9); depression (AOR 5.9, 95% CI 1.5 to 23.0); breaking off a steady love relationship (AOR 5.4, 95% CI 1.3 to 22.4); hopelessness (AOR 4.9, 95% CI 1.1 to 21.6); and something valued being lost or stolen (AOR 4.4, 95% CI 1.2 to 15.9).

CONCLUSION: These findings indicate that mental health care services should be strengthened at university level. The results show a need for an intervention programme to reduce suicidality among the undergraduate medical students.

Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence*
Fulltext Sleep quality and psychosocial correlates among elderly attendees of an urban primary care centre in Malaysia

Razali R, Wahab S, Mohd Daud TI, Ariffin J, Abdul Aziz AF, Wan Puteh SE

Neurology Asia, 2016;21(3):265-273.
MyJurnal

Sleep quality can vary in relation to one’s general well-being and in the elderly, it is often affected by the presence of medical or psychological conditions. This study aims to determine the frequency of different components of sleep quality in the elderly, and their relationships with psychosocial and medical attributes. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 123 attendees aged 60 years and above at Pusat Perubatan Primer Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. Sleep quality and psychological distress were assessed using the validated Malay versions of Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) and Hamilton anxiety depression scale (HADS) respectively. Information on medical comorbidities and medications were obtained from the participants, their doctors and medical notes. Almost half of the patients experienced poor sleep quality (47.2%) which was significantly associated with older mean age (69.5 ±4.55). There was no statistical significance between sleep quality and other sociodemographic characteristics (gender, ethnicity and living arrangement). Most patients described their sleep quality as subjectively generally “fairly good” (69.1%) despite PSQI scores indicating poor sleep quality. A majority of the patients (59.3%) were on follow-up for 3 or more medical illnesses, with heart disease as the only medical comorbidity significantly associated with poor sleep quality. Most of them also complained of only “mild difficulty” with their sleep. Among the 7 sleep components of PSQI, “sleep disturbance” was the most frequent experience. Most experienced mild sleep disturbance (87.8%) and usage of hypnotic agents was low (6.5%). Only 23.6% of patients had significant psychological distress (HADS scores ≥ 8), with positive correlation with sleep quality.
Study site: Pusat Perubatan Primer, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (PPPUKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence*
Fulltext Knowledge and practice of breast self-examination among women aged 20-60 attending outpatient department in Kuantan. [Tahap pengetahuan dan amalan pemeriksaan sendiri payudara di kalangan wanita berumur 20-60 tahun yang hadir di jabatan pesakit luar Kuantan.]

Nurly Zahureen, M., Ardi, A., Wan Rosealaiza, W.A.G., Nur Aiza, Z., Suzana, H., Norazemi, A.

Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2003;3(2):33-37.
MyJurnal

The National Health Morbidity Survey 1996 showed only 34.2% of women aged 20 years and above had done breast self examination (BSE). This data showed the practice of BSE is still low despite of various awareness programmes and activities carried out. A cross sectional study through Systematic Random Sampling was done at Out Patient Department, Kuantan Health Office to know the knowledge and practice of BSE among women aged 20~60 years. The results showed 94.9% respondents had received information about BSE, however only 31.6% knew the appropriate time to do BSE, 14.7% knew the purpose of doing at that time and only 29.9% knew how frequent they should do BSE. 74% of respondents did BSE, however 70.2% of them did not do monthly and 67.2% did not do at the suggested time. There was an association between the practice of BSE with the knowledge and sociodemographic characteristics i.e. educational level, income, ethnic group and marital status.
Key word: Breast self-examination, breast cancer, Kuantan.
Study site: Klinik Kesihatan, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence*
Fulltext The prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis among Malaysian type 2 diabetic patients using quantitative ultrasound densitometer

Abdulameer SA, Sahib MN, Sulaiman SAS

Open Rheumatol J, 2018;12:50-64.
PMID: 29755605 DOI: 10.2174/1874312901812010050

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) and osteoporosis are both chronic conditions and the relationship between them is complex.
Objective: The aims of this study were to assess the prevalence of Low Bone Mineral density (LBMD, i.e., osteopenia and osteoporosis), as well as, the difference and associations between Quantitative Ultrasound Scan (QUS) parameters with socio-demographic data and clinical related data among T2DM in Penang, Malaysia.
Method: An observational, cross-sectional study with a convenient sample of 450 T2DM patients were recruited from the outpatient diabetes clinic at Hospital Pulau Pinang (HPP) to measure Bone Mineral Density (BMD) at the heel bone using QUS. In addition, a self-reported structured questionnaire about the socio-demographic data and osteoporosis risk factors were collected. Moreover, the study included the retrospective collection of clinical data from patients' medical records.
Results: The mean value of T-score for normal BMD, osteopenic and osteoporotic patients' were (-0.41±0.44), (-1.65±0.39) and (-2.76±0.27), respectively. According to QUS measurements, more than three quarters of T2DM patients (82%) were at high risk of abnormal BMD. The results showed that QUS scores were significantly associated with age, gender, menopausal duration, educational level and diabetic related data. Moreover, the QUS parameters and T-scores demonstrated significant negative correlation with age, menopausal duration, diabetic duration and glycaemic control, as well as, a positive correlation with body mass index and waist to hip ratio. The current study revealed that none of the cardiovascular disease risk factors appear to influence the prevalence of low BMD among T2DM Malaysian patients.
Conclusion: The study findings revealed that the assessment of T2DM patients' bone health and related factor are essential and future educational programs are crucial to improve osteoporosis management.
Study site: Diabetes clinic, Hospital Pulau Pinang

Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence*
Fulltext Prevalence and correlates of Parkinson’s disease among elderly patients attending neurology clinic at Serdang Hospital in 2016

Minhat Halimatus Sakdiah, Liyana Najwa Inche Mat, Abdul Syafiq A. Radzis, Ng, Yiet Fai, Nur Syazwany Nasir Khan

Int J Public Health Res, 2018;8(1):894-898.
MyJurnal

Introduction Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and the most frequent sub-cortical degenerative disease, characterized by universal progressive disorder of the
nervous system that affects movement. This cross sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence and correlates of PD among elderly attending the neurology clinic in Serdang Hospital.
Methods A total of 150 records of patients attended the clinic from January to December 2016 were randomly selected. Data was collected using a proforma form seeking information related to age, gender, race, locality, and presence of comorbidity particularly diabetes mellitus. The data was analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Science (IBM SPSS) version 22.0.
Results The prevalence of PD among the elderly involved in the study was 34%. Majority of the respondents were aged 60 to 70 years old (54.7%), male (53.3%), Chinese (56.7%), from urban locality (93.0%) and were not diabetic (69.3%). The inferential statistics showed no significant association between all the factors with PD. However, the associations between age and diabetes mellitus with PD were almost significant with p values of 0.07 and 0.08 respectively.
Conclusions Overall, the prevalence of PD among elderly who attended the neurology clinic in year 2016 was less than half with none of the factors under study were significantly associated with PD. However with bigger sample size, possible significant association may be obtained between age and diabetes mellitus.

Study site: neurology clinic in Hospital Serdang

Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence*
Fulltext Prevalence of physical activity and its associated factors among breast cancer patients in Peninsular Malaysia: a multi-centre cross-sectional study

Rufa’i AA, Yen SH, Wan Muda WAM

Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, 2019;4(1):1-10.
MyJurnal

Shift in the dispersion of breast cancer population continues to be a major health concern for women in the developing countries. However, prevalence and associated factors of physical activity among this population have not been explored in Malaysia. This study determined the profile and factors associated with physical activity in the breast cancer women. A multi-center cross-sectional survey was conducted among 399 breast cancer women. Socio-demographic questionnaire was used to generate socio-demographic and clinical data. Physical activity was assessed using the international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ-SF). Sociodemographic variables were summarized by descriptive statistics. Factors associated with physical activity were identified using Logistic regression analyses. Majority of the participants were married (83.9%), had surgery (92.4%) and menopause (74.1%). The overall physical activity prevalence was 39.4%. Non formal education (Adjusted Odds Ratio [AOR] 5.80; 95%CI: 1.65, 52.15;p=0.017), having had surgery (AOR 0.18; 95%CI: 0.04, 0.79; p=0.023),

Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence*
Fulltext Second-hand smoke exposure and psychological distress amongst non-smoking pregnant women in Malaysia

Siti Munira Yasin, Khairul Mizan Taib, Mohd Rodi Isa, Mohd Ariff Fadzil, Mohd Razilan Abdul Kadir

Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2017;25(104):181-190.
MyJurnal

This study aimed to examine the association between second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure and psychological distress amongst non-smoking pregnant women. A cross-sectional study was used to obtain a representative sample of non-smoking pregnant women attending health clinics (n = 661) across six states in Malaysia. The duration of SHS exposure inside and outside the house was recorded from the participants. Psychological distress was assessed via General Health Questionnaire (GHQ12). The analyses were conducted using a logistic regression adjusted for demographic variables and other variables. Amongst non-smoking pregnant women, the prevalence of global SHS exposure and psychological distress was 80.4% and 64.2%, respectively. In the multivariate adjusted odds ratio (OR) models for psychological distress and the duration of SHS exposures, there was an OR of 1.04 (95% CI: 0.61-1.77) for individuals with SHS exposure of 1-4 hours/week, 0.44 (95% CI: 0.23-0.81) for SHS exposure of 5-14 hours/week and 0.84 (95% CI: 0.32-2.22) for exposures of >15 hours/week compared to those with no SHS exposure outside the home. Meanwhile, SHS exposure outside the house with the duration of 5-14 hours might have temporary calming effects against psychological distress. Nonetheless, more research is needed to ascertain this.

Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence*
Seropositivity of HPV 16 E6 and E7 and the risk of oral cancer

Wong GR, Ha KO, Himratul-Aznita WH, Yang YH, Wan Mustafa WM, Yuen KM, et al.

Oral Dis, 2014 Nov;20(8):762-7.
PMID: 24320099 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12218

The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of HPV seropositivity among patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and healthy individuals and to correlate the association between HPV 16 seropositivity and risk of OSCC.

Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence
Fulltext Prevalence of smoking among secondary school students in Sarawak

Juslina O, Muthupalaniappen L, Khairani O, Iryani T

Malays Fam Physician, 2011;6(2-3):66-7.
PMID: 25606226

Adolescent smoking is an emerging health concern in the developing countries. A cross-sectional study is conducted to determine the prevalence and smoking behaviour of adolescents in Sarawak. The prevalence of smoking is 32.8% with mean age of initiation at 12.8±1.9 years. Most (67.2%) adolescents are experimental smokers and the majority (67.9%) did not smoke on a daily basis. Branded cigarettes are preferred (83.1%) and the cigarettes are obtained either from friends (49.1%) or self purchased (43.6%). Students prefer to smoke at their friend's house (31.0%) or at school (25.3%). Smoking prevalence among adolescents in Sarawak is high and begins early. Early intervention on smoking prevention and risk awareness is perhaps more effective if initiated before the age of 12 years.

Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence
Serum Vitamin D levels in patients with chronic kidney disease

Rozita M, Noorul Afidza M, Ruslinda M, Cader R, Halim AG, Kong CT, et al.

EXCLI J, 2013;12:511-20.
PMID: 26933400

Hypovitaminosis D is reported to be associated with several medical complications. Recent studies have reported a high worldwide prevalence of Vitamin D deficiency in the general population (up to 80 %). This is even higher in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and increases with advancing stages of CKD.

Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence
Fulltext Prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea and factors associated with Its intensity among undergraduate students: a cross-sectional study

Habibi N, Huang MS, Gan WY, Zulida R, Safavi SM

Pain Manag Nurs, 2015 Dec;16(6):855-61.
PMID: 26328887 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmn.2015.07.001

Primary dysmenorrhea is a womanhood problem around the world and negatively affects quality of life. This study was designed to investigate the prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea and to determine the factors associated with its intensity. A cross-sectional study was carried out among 311 undergraduate female students aged 18 to 27 years in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Iran. Socio-demographic characteristics and menstrual factors were obtained through interviews with the help of a pretested questionnaire. The prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea was 89.1%. Residing at home, younger age, lower number of years of formal education for the mother, positive family history of dysmenorrhea, higher severity of bleeding, and shorter menstrual period intervals were significantly associated with the higher intensity of primary dysmenorrhea. Primary dysmenorrhea is a common health concern among young women. Being aware of the factors that are associated with its intensity makes it possible for health professionals to organize better focused programs to reduce the adverse effects of dysmenorrhea.

Matched MeSH terms: Prevalence

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