Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 149 in total

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  1. Single dose pharmacokinetics of oral artemether in healthy Malaysian volunteers
    Mordi MN, Mansor SM, Navaratnam V, Wernsdorfer WH
    Br J Clin Pharmacol, 1997 Apr;43(4):363-5.
    PMID: 9146847
    AIMS: To determine the pharmacokinetics of artemether (ARM) and its principal active metabolite, dihydroartemisinin (DHA) in healthy volunteers.

    METHODS: Six healthy male Malaysian subjects were given a single oral dose of 200 mg artemether. Blood samples were collected to 72 h. Plasma concentrations of the two compounds were measured simultaneously by reversed-phase h.p.l.c. with electro-chemical detection in the reductive mode.

    RESULTS: Mean (+/- s.d.) maximum concentrations of ARM, 310 +/- 153 micrograms l-1, were reached 1.88 +/- 0.21 h after drug intake. The mean elimination half-life was 2.00 +/- 0.59 h, and the mean AUC 671 +/- 271 micrograms l-1 h. The mean Cmax of DHA, 273 +/- 64 micrograms l-1 was observed at 1.92 +/- 0.13 h. The mean AUC of DHA was 753 +/- 233 micrograms h l-1'. ARM and DHA were stable at < or = -20 degrees C for at least 4 months in plasma samples.

    CONCLUSIONS: The relatively short half-life of ARM may be one of the factors responsible for the poor radical cure rate of falciparum malaria with regimens employing daily dosing. In view of the rapid loss of DHA in plasma samples held at room temperature (26 degrees C) it is recommended to store them at a temperature of < or = -20 degrees C as early as possible after sample collection.

    Matched MeSH terms: Sesquiterpenes/administration & dosage; Sesquiterpenes/blood*; Sesquiterpenes/pharmacokinetics*
  2. Quantitative and physical evaluation of patchouli essential oils obtained from different sources of Pogostemon cablin
    Hussin N, Mondello L, Costa R, Dugo P, Yusoff NI, Yarmo MA, et al.
    Nat Prod Commun, 2012 Jul;7(7):927-30.
    PMID: 22908584
    Patchouli essential oil can be obtained from fresh, dried and fermented plant material. It is a highly valuable product in the fragrance industry and its quality changes depending upon raw material age and oil storage. In this work, patchouli essential oils derived from different treatments have been subjected to GC-FID quantitative analysis using an internal standard (ISTD) method with response factors (RF). Samples were obtained from i) fresh plants; ii) hydrodistillation of one year mature and fermented plants; iii) hydrodistillation of one year mature plants; iv) commercial products from Indonesia and Malaysia. Linear Retention Indices (LRI) for both polar and non-polar GC-MS analyses were also measured as a tool for qualitative analysis towards a homologous series of C7-C30 n-alkanes. The results obtained confirmed that, in all samples, patchouli alcohol was the main volatile constituent, with higher amount in lab-scale produced oils, compared with commercial samples. Other major compounds, in lab oils and commercial samples respectively, were: delta-guaiene, alpha-guaiene, pogostol, seychellene and alpha-patchoulene. Another 36 compounds were also found.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sesquiterpenes, Guaiane/analysis
  3. GC-MS fingerprint of Pogostemon cablin in China
    Hu LF, Li SP, Cao H, Liu JJ, Gao JL, Yang FQ, et al.
    J Pharm Biomed Anal, 2006 Sep 18;42(2):200-6.
    PMID: 16242880
    Pogostemon cablin, originating in Malaysia and India, is cultivated in southern China including Guangdong and Hainan Province, which was called GuangHuoXiang to differentiate it from the HuoXiang of the north, the species Agastache rugosa, that it resembles. Essential oil of P. cablin mainly contributes to the pharmacological activities and the therapeutic properties of the essential oils are directly correlated with their qualitative and quantitative composition. For controlling the quality, standard fingerprint of P. cablin collected from different regions was developed by using GC-MS. Nine compounds including beta-patchoulene, caryophyllene, alpha-guaiene, seychellene, beta-guaiene, delta-guaiene, spathulenol, patchouli alcohol and pogostone were identified among 10 main peaks in P. cablin. Hierarchical clustering analysis based on characteristics of 10 investigated peaks in GC profiles showed that 18 samples were divided into three main clusters, patchouliol-type, pogostone-type and an interim-type, which was the one between the two chemotypes. The simulative mean chromatogram for the three types P. cablin was generated using the Computer Aided Similarity Evaluation System. The fingerprint can help to distinguish the substitute or adulterant, and further assess the differences of P. cablin grown in various areas of China.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sesquiterpenes/analysis*
  4. Essential oil composition of Alseodaphne perakensis (Gamble) Kosterm from Malaysia
    Anuar MZA, Salleh WMNHW, Khamis S, Nafiah MA, Mat Said Z
    Nat Prod Res, 2021 Feb;35(3):508-511.
    PMID: 31266357 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1636245
    The chemical composition of the essential oil from the leaves of Alseodaphne perakensis (Gamble) Kosterm (Lauraceae) growing in Perak, Malaysia was investigated for the first time. The essential oil was obtained by hydrodistillation and fully characterized by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). A total of 37 components (90.9 ± 2.5%) were successfully identified in the essential oil which were characterized by high proportions of bicyclogermacrene (15.8 ± 0.5%), δ-cadinene (11.7 ± 0.2%), γ-cadinene (6.3 ± 0.4%), and aromadendrene (5.6 ± 0.5%).
    Matched MeSH terms: Sesquiterpenes/analysis
  5. Fulltext Functional characterization of a new terpene synthase from Plectranthus amboinicus
    Ashaari NS, Ab Rahim MH, Sabri S, Lai KS, Song AA, Abdul Rahim R, et al.
    PLoS One, 2020;15(7):e0235416.
    PMID: 32614884 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0235416
    Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng is an aromatic medicinal herb known for its therapeutic and nutritional properties attributed by the presence of monoterpene and sesquiterpene compounds. Up until now, research on terpenoid biosynthesis has focused on a few mint species with economic importance such as thyme and oregano, yet the terpene synthases responsible for monoterpene production in P. amboinicus have not been described. Here we report the isolation, heterologous expression and functional characterization of a terpene synthase involved in P. amboinicus terpenoid biosynthesis. A putative monoterpene synthase gene (PamTps1) from P. amboinicus was isolated with an open reading frame of 1797 bp encoding a predicted protein of 598 amino acids with molecular weight of 69.6 kDa. PamTps1 shares 60-70% amino acid sequence similarity with other known terpene synthases of Lamiaceae. The in vitro enzymatic activity of PamTps1 demonstrated the conversion of geranyl pyrophosphate and farnesyl pyrophosphate exclusively into linalool and nerolidol, respectively, and thus PamTps1 was classified as a linalool/nerolidol synthase. In vivo activity of PamTps1 in a recombinant Escherichia coli strain revealed production of linalool and nerolidol which correlated with its in vitro activity. This outcome validated the multi-substrate usage of this enzyme in producing linalool and nerolidol both in in vivo and in vitro systems. The transcript level of PamTps1 was prominent in the leaf during daytime as compared to the stem. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and quantitative real-time PCR analyses showed that maximal linalool level was released during the daytime and lower at night following a diurnal circadian pattern which correlated with the PamTps1 expression pattern. The PamTps1 cloned herein provides a molecular basis for the terpenoid biosynthesis in this local herb that could be exploited for valuable production using metabolic engineering in both microbial and plant systems.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sesquiterpenes/metabolism
  6. Fulltext Comparative Chemical Profiles of the Essential Oils from Different Varieties of Psidium guajava L
    Hassan EM, El Gendy AEG, Abd-ElGawad AM, Elshamy AI, Farag MA, Alamery SF, et al.
    Molecules, 2020 Dec 29;26(1).
    PMID: 33383905 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26010119
    Guava (Psidium guajava) leaves are commonly used in the treatment of diseases. They are considered a waste product resulting from guava cultivation. The leaves are very rich in essential oils (EOs) and volatiles. This work represents the detailed comparative chemical profiles of EOs derived from the leaves of six guava varieties cultivated in Egypt, including Red Malaysian (RM), El-Qanater (EQ), White Indian (WI), Early (E), El-Sabahya El-Gedida (ESEG), and Red Indian (RI), cultivated on the same farm in Egypt. The EOs from the leaves of guava varieties were extracted by hydro-distillation and analyzed with GC-MS. The EOs were categorized in a holistic manner using chemometric tools. The hydro-distillation of the samples yielded 0.11-0.48% of the EO (v/w). The GC-MS analysis of the extracted EOs showed the presence of 38 identified compounds from the six varieties. The sesquiterpene compounds were recorded as main compounds of E, EQ, ESEG, RI, and WI varieties, while the RM variety attained the highest content of monoterpenes (56.87%). The sesquiterpenes, β-caryophyllene (11.21-43.20%), and globulol (76.17-26.42%) were detected as the major compounds of all studied guava varieties, while trans-nerolidol (0.53-10.14) was reported as a plentiful compound in all of the varieties except for the RM variety. A high concentration of D-limonene was detected in the EOs of the RM (33.96%), WI (27.04%), and ESEG (9.10%) varieties. These major compounds were consistent with those reported for other genotypes from different countries. Overall, the EOs' composition and the chemometric analysis revealed substantial variations among the studied varieties that might be ascribed to genetic variability, considering the stability of the cultivation and climate conditions. Therefore, this chemical polymorphism of the studied varieties supports that these varieties could be considered as genotypes of P. guajava. It is worth mentioning here that the EOs, derived from leaves considered to be agricultural waste, of the studied varieties showed that they are rich in biologically active compounds, particularly β-caryophyllene, trans-nerolidol, globulol, and D-limonene. These could be considered as added value for pharmacological and industrial applications. Further study is recommended to confirm the chemical variations of the studied varieties at a molecular level, as well as their possible medicinal and industrial uses.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sesquiterpenes/analysis
  7. Comparative analysis of metabolites and antioxidant potentials from different plant parts of curcuma aeruginosa roxb.
    Sanimah Simoh, Sew YS, Fazri Abd Rahim, Muhammad Aizuddin Ahmad, Alizah Zainal
    Sains Malaysiana, 2018;47:3031-3041.
    A comparative analysis of metabolites from different parts of Curcuma aeruginosa, i.e. leaves, stems, adventitious
    roots and rhizomes was performed by GC-MS/MS coupled with multivariate statistical analysis. The GC-MS/MS analysis
    confirmed the occurrence of 26 metabolites belonged to terpenoids in almost all the samples. The Principal Component
    Analysis (PCA) indicated that there was a clear distinction between rhizomes and other plant parts, i.e. stems, leaves,
    and adventitious roots that could be explained by relatively higher contents of terpenoids including curzerene, alphafarnesen, furanocoumarin, velleral, germacrone cineole, borneol, beta- and gamma- elemene and methenolone. The
    results of Hierarchical Clustering Analyses (HCA) corresponded with the PCA results where many terpenoids found
    abundantly high in rhizome were clustered together. This was supported by the Pearson correlation analysis that
    showed a significantly good relationship between those terpenoids. The adventitious roots demonstrated the strongest
    antioxidant activity as compared to the other plant parts which could be attributed to its highest Total Phenolic
    Contents (TPC). Total phenolic contents of all the plant parts were positively correlated with their antioxidant activities
    which indicate that phenolic compounds may play a role in the overall antioxidant activities of the plants. The results
    of the study highlighted the potential of this underexploited Curcuma species which could serve as a new source of
    important phytochemicals and natural antioxidant that could be incorporated in functional foods and nutraceuticals.
    In addition, chemical and biological evidence shown in the present work has rationalised the different uses of various
    plant parts of C. aeruginosa.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sesquiterpenes; Sesquiterpenes, Germacrane
  8. Fulltext Connecting moss lipid droplets to patchoulol biosynthesis
    Peramuna A, Bae H, Quiñonero López C, Fromberg A, Petersen B, Simonsen HT
    PLoS One, 2020;15(12):e0243620.
    PMID: 33284858 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243620
    Plant-derived terpenoids are extensively used in perfume, food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries, and several attempts are being made to produce terpenes in heterologous hosts. Native hosts have evolved to accumulate large quantities of terpenes in specialized cells. However, heterologous cells lack the capacity needed to produce and store high amounts of non-native terpenes, leading to reduced growth and loss of volatile terpenes by evaporation. Here, we describe how to direct the sesquiterpene patchoulol production into cytoplasmic lipid droplets (LDs) in Physcomitrium patens (syn. Physcomitrella patens), by attaching patchoulol synthase (PTS) to proteins linked to plant LD biogenesis. Three different LD-proteins: Oleosin (PpOLE1), Lipid Droplet Associated Protein (AtLDAP1) and Seipin (PpSeipin325) were tested as anchors. Ectopic expression of PTS increased the number and size of LDs, implying an unknown mechanism between heterologous terpene production and LD biogenesis. The expression of PTS physically linked to Seipin increased the LD size and the retention of patchoulol in the cell. Overall, the expression of PTS was lower in the anchored mutants than in the control, but when normalized to the expression the production of patchoulol was higher in the seipin-linked mutants.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sesquiterpenes/metabolism*
  9. Fulltext Forkhead Box Transcription Factor (FOXO3a) mediates the cytotoxic effect of vernodalin in vitro and inhibits the breast tumor growth in vivo
    Ananda Sadagopan SK, Mohebali N, Looi CY, Hasanpourghadi M, Pandurangan AK, Arya A, et al.
    J Exp Clin Cancer Res, 2015;34:147.
    PMID: 26643256 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-015-0266-y
    Natural compounds have been demonstrated to lower breast cancer risk and sensitize tumor cells to anticancer therapies. Recently, we demonstrated that vernodalin (the active constituent of the medicinal herb Centratherum anthelminticum seeds) induces apoptosis in breast cancer cell-lines. The aim of this work was to gain an insight into the underlying anticancer mechanism of vernodalin using in vitro and in vivo model.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sesquiterpenes
  10. Antibacterial activity of halogenated sesquiterpenes from Malaysian Laurencia spp
    Vairappan CS, Suzuki M, Ishii T, Okino T, Abe T, Masuda M
    Phytochemistry, 2008 Oct;69(13):2490-4.
    PMID: 18718619 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2008.06.015
    During our studies on Malaysian Laurencia species, brominated metabolites, tiomanene, acetylmajapolene B, and acetylmajapolene A were isolated from an unrecorded species collected at Pulau Tioman, Pahang along with known majapolene B and majapolene A. Acetylmajapolene A was a mixture of diastereomers as in the case of majapolene A. Tiomanene may be a plausible precursor for acetylmajapolenes B and A. In addition, three known halogenated sesquiterpenes and two known halogenated C(15) acetogenins were found from other two unrecorded species collected at Pulau Karah, Terengganu and Pulau Nyireh, Terengganu, respectively. Some of these halogenated metabolites showed moderate antibacterial activity against some marine bacteria.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sesquiterpenes/isolation & purification*; Sesquiterpenes/pharmacology*; Sesquiterpenes/chemistry
  11. A mesocarp-and species-specific cDNA clone from oil palm encodes for sesquiterpene synthase
    Shah FH, Cha TS
    Plant Sci, 2000 May 29;154(2):153-160.
    PMID: 10729614
    The differential display method was used to isolate cDNAs corresponding to transcripts that accumulate during the period of lipid synthesis, 12-20 weeks after anthesis (WAA) in the mesocarp of two oil palms, Elaeis oleifera and Elaeis guineensis, Tenera. DNA-free total RNA from mesocarp and kernel of E. guineensis, Tenera and E. oleifera (15 WAA) were used to obtain differential gene expression patterns between these tissues from the two species. In this report, we describe the isolation and characterization of a specific cDNA clone, MO1 (434 bp) which was shown to be mesocarp-specific as well as species-specific for E. oleifera Sequencing of this fragment showed homology to the enzyme sesquiterpene synthase. Its longer cDNA clone, pMO1 (1072 bp), isolated from a 15-week E. oleifera mesocarp cDNA library confirmed that it encodes for sesquiterpene synthase. The complete sequence of 1976 bp was obtained using 5'RACE method. Northern hybridization showed that MO1 and pMO1 mRNA transcripts are highly expressed only in the mesocarp of E. oleifera from 5 to 20 WAA. No expression was detected in the kernel (12-17 WAA) and vegetative tissues of both species nor in the mesocarp of E. guineensis. This is the first communication to document on the isolation and characterisation of a mesocarp-and species-specific cDNA clone from oil palm.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sesquiterpenes
  12. Fulltext Terpenoids from Marine Soft Coral of the Genus Xenia in 1977 to 2019
    Ng SY, Phan CS, Ishii T, Kamada T, Hamada T, Vairappan CS
    Molecules, 2020 Nov 18;25(22).
    PMID: 33217924 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225386
    Members of the marine soft coral genus Xenia are rich in a diversity of diterpenes. A total of 199 terpenes consisting of 14 sesquiterpenes, 180 diterpenes, and 5 steroids have been reported to date. Xenicane diterpenes were reported to be the most common chemical skeleton biosynthesized by members of this genus. Most of the literature reported the chemical diversity of Xenia collected from the coral reefs in the South China Sea and the coastal waters of Taiwan. Although there was a brief review on the terpenoids of Xenia in 2015, the present review is a comprehensive overview of the structural diversity of secondary metabolites isolated from soft coral genus Xenia and their potent biological activity as reported between 1977 to 2019.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sesquiterpenes
  13. Chemical composition of three Malaysian Horsfieldia essential oils
    Salleh WMNHW, Shakri NM, Khamis S, Setzer WN, Nadri MH
    Nat Prod Res, 2020 Sep 14.
    PMID: 32927975 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2020.1819274
    This study aims to assess the chemical compositions of the essential oils from three Horsfieldia species namely H. fulva Warb., H. sucosa Warb. and H. superba Warb., which are found in Malaysia. The essential oils were derived from the samples through hydrodistillation which were then characterised by gas chromatography (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Based on the findings, the H. fulva, H. sucosa and H. superba essential oils represented 98.2%, 98.7% and 98.5% of the total oils, respectively. The major component of H. fulva oil was identified to be germacrene D (20.8%), H. sucosa oil mainly contained α-cadinol (17.5%), whereas H. superba oil was rich in δ-cadinene (18.2%). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of the composition of the essential oils from these selected Horsfieldia species.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sesquiterpenes, Germacrane
  14. Metachromins X and Y from a marine sponge Spongia sp. and their effects on cell cycle progression
    Hitora Y, Takada K, Ise Y, Woo SP, Inoue S, Mori N, et al.
    Bioorg Med Chem, 2020 01 15;28(2):115233.
    PMID: 31848114 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.115233
    New sesquiterpene quinones, metachromins X (1) and Y (2), together with the known metachromins C (3), J (4), and T (5), were isolated as inhibitors of cell cycle progression in the HeLa/Fucci2 cells. The structure of 1 was assigned by spectroscopic data and confirmed by a total synthesis. The planar structure of 2 was determined by interpretation of spectroscopic data, whereas its absolute configuration was analyzed by a combination of chiral HPLC and CD spectroscopy. Metachromins X (1) and C (3) arrested the cell cycle progression of HeLa/Fucci2 cells at S/G2/M phase.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sesquiterpenes/isolation & purification; Sesquiterpenes/pharmacology*; Sesquiterpenes/chemistry
  15. Phytochemical study of hedychium malayanum (zingiberaceae)
    Mohammed Yahya Abdo, Wan Yaacob Wan Ahmad, Laily Bin Din, Nazlina Ibrahim
    Sains Malaysiana, 2017;46:83-89.
    A phytochemical study was conducted on the stems and leaves of Hedychium malayanum (Zingiberaceae). Three steroids
    namely stigmasterol (1), sitostenone (2) and stigmast-4-ene-3,6-dione (3) as well as one triterpene, lupenone (4) and
    one oxygenated sesquiterpene, caryophyllene oxide (5) were successfully isolated from the respective stems and leaves,
    utilizing several chromatographic techniques. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic means (IR, MS, NMR),
    and by comparison with the literature data.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sesquiterpenes
  16. Therapeutic equivalence of a low dose artemisinin formulation in falciparum malaria patients
    Wong JW, Yuen KH, Nagappan S, Shahul WS, Ho SS, Gan EK, et al.
    J Pharm Pharmacol, 2003 Feb;55(2):193-8.
    PMID: 12631411
    We have evaluated the therapeutic equivalence of a beta-cyclodextrin-artemisinin complex at an artemisinin dose of 150 mg, with a commercial reference preparation, Artemisinin 250 at a recommended dose of 250 mg. One hundred uncomplicated falciparum malarial patients were randomly assigned to orally receive either beta-cyclodextrin-artemisinin complex (containing 150 mg artemisinin) twice daily for five days or the active comparator (containing 250 mg artemisinin) twice daily for five days. The patients were hospitalized for seven days and were required to attend follow up assessments on days 14, 21, 28 and 35. All patients in both treatment groups were cured of the infection and achieved therapeutic success. At day seven of treatment, all patient blood was clear of the parasites and the sublingual temperature of all patients was less than 37.5 degrees C. Moreover, the parasite clearance time in both treatment groups was similar, being approximately three days after initiation of treatment. Comparable plasma artemisinin concentrations were observed between patients in both treatment groups at 1.5 and 3.0 h, although slightly higher levels were obtained with patients in the beta-cyclodextrin-artemisinin complex-treated group. The beta-cyclodextrin-artemisinin complex at a dose of 150 mg artemisinin was therapeutically equivalent to 250 mg Artemisinin 250. Additionally, patients receiving beta-cyclodextrin-artemisinin complex showed less variability in their plasma artemisinin concentrations at 1.5 h post-dosing, which suggested a more consistent rate of drug absorption.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sesquiterpenes/blood; Sesquiterpenes/pharmacokinetics; Sesquiterpenes/therapeutic use*
  17. Fulltext Resveratrol-Potential Antibacterial Agent against Foodborne Pathogens
    Ma DSL, Tan LT, Chan KG, Yap WH, Pusparajah P, Chuah LH, et al.
    Front Pharmacol, 2018;9:102.
    PMID: 29515440 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00102
    Bacterial foodborne pathogens are a significant health burden and the recent emergence of pathogenic resistant strains due to the excessive use of antibiotics makes it more difficult to effectively treat infections as a result of contaminated food. Awareness of this impending health crisis has spurred the search for alternative antimicrobials with natural plant antimicrobials being among the more promising candidates as these substances have good acceptability and likely low toxicity levels as they have long been used in traditional medicines. Resveratrol (3,5,4'-trihydroxystilbene) is a naturally occurring stilbenoid which has been gaining considerable attention in medical field due to its diverse biological activities - it has been reported to exhibit antioxidant, cardioprotective, anti-diabetic, anticancer, and antiaging properties. Given that resveratrol is phytoalexin, with increased synthesis in response to infection by phytopathogens, there has been interest in exploring its antimicrobial activity. This review aims to provide an overview of the published data on the antibacterial activity of resveratrol against foodborne pathogens, its mechanisms of action as well as its possible applications in food packing and processing; in addition we also summarize the current data on its potential synergism with known antibacterials and future research and applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sesquiterpenes
  18. Fulltext Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Smith: A Review of Its Ethnomedicinal, Chemical, and Pharmacological Uses
    Yob NJ, Jofrry SM, Affandi MM, Teh LK, Salleh MZ, Zakaria ZA
    Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2011;2011:543216.
    PMID: 21584247 DOI: 10.1155/2011/543216
    Zingiber zerumbet Sm., locally known to the Malay as "Lempoyang," is a perennial herb found in many tropical countries, including Malaysia. The rhizomes of Z. zerumbet, particularly, have been regularly used as food flavouring and appetizer in various Malays' cuisines while the rhizomes extracts have been used in Malay traditional medicine to treat various types of ailments (e.g., inflammatory- and pain-mediated diseases, worm infestation and diarrhea). Research carried out using different in vitro and in vivo assays of biological evaluation support most of these claims. The active pharmacological component of Z. zerumbet rhizomes most widely studied is zerumbone. This paper presents the botany, traditional uses, chemistry, and pharmacology of this medicinal plant.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sesquiterpenes
  19. Fulltext Effects of Selected Physicochemical Parameters on Zerumbone Production of Zingiber zerumbet Smith Cell Suspension Culture
    Jalil M, Annuar MS, Tan BC, Khalid N
    Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2015;2015:757514.
    PMID: 25767555 DOI: 10.1155/2015/757514
    Zingiber zerumbet Smith is an important herb that contains bioactive phytomedicinal compound, zerumbone. To enhance cell growth and production of this useful compound, we investigated the growth conditions of cell suspension culture. Embryogenic callus generated from shoot bud was used to initiate cell suspension culture. The highest specific growth rate of cells was recorded when it was cultured in liquid Murashige and Skoog basal medium containing 3% sucrose with pH 5.7 and incubated under continuous shaking condition of 70 rpm for 16 h light and 8 h dark cycle at 24°C. Our results also revealed that the type of carbohydrate substrate, light regime, agitation speed, and incubation temperature could affect the production of zerumbone. Although the zerumbone produced in this study was not abundant compared to rhizome of Z. zerumbet, the possibility of producing zerumbone during early stage could serve as a model for subsequent improvement.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sesquiterpenes
  20. Fulltext Spectrofluorometric and molecular docking studies on the binding of curcumenol and curcumenone to human serum albumin
    Hamdi OA, Feroz SR, Shilpi JA, Anouar el H, Mukarram AK, Mohamad SB, et al.
    Int J Mol Sci, 2015;16(3):5180-93.
    PMID: 25756376 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16035180
    Curcumenol and curcumenone are two major constituents of the plants of medicinally important genus of Curcuma, and often govern the pharmacological effect of these plant extracts. These two compounds, isolated from C. zedoaria rhizomes were studied for their binding to human serum albumin (HSA) using the fluorescence quench titration method. Molecular docking was also performed to get a more detailed insight into their interaction with HSA at the binding site. Additions of these sesquiterpenes to HSA produced significant fluorescence quenching and blue shifts in the emission spectra of HSA. Analysis of the fluorescence data pointed toward moderate binding affinity between the ligands and HSA, with curcumenone showing a relatively higher binding constant (2.46 × 105 M-1) in comparison to curcumenol (1.97 × 104 M-1). Cluster analyses revealed that site I is the preferred binding site for both molecules with a minimum binding energy of -6.77 kcal·mol-1. However, binding of these two molecules to site II cannot be ruled out as the binding energies were found to be -5.72 and -5.74 kcal·mol-1 for curcumenol and curcumenone, respectively. The interactions of both ligands with HSA involved hydrophobic interactions as well as hydrogen bonding.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sesquiterpenes/metabolism*; Sesquiterpenes/chemistry
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