Displaying publications 41 - 60 of 339 in total

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  1. Fulltext Ergonomic design of a computer keyboard layout for the Jawi script
    Shahrul Kamaruddin, Beng, S.C., Khan, Zahid A.
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2010;18(2):-.
    MyJurnal
    Due to unavailability of a computer keyboard layout for the Jawi script, users of this script make use of the Arabic keyboard layout for typing texts in this particular script. Obviously, the layout of the Arabic script keyboard is not designed for the ancient writing of the Jawi script. Keeping this in view, a research was conducted to design a new keyboard layout suitable for the users of the Jawi script from an ergonomics point of view, and the outcome of the research is presented in this study. In order to design the Jawi script keyboard layout, the relative finger strengths of both male and female subjects were determined  experimentally. The relative frequency of the characters and two special characters (full-stop and comma) that appeared in the script were determined by counting their presence in a large number of texts in the script that represent the workload of the fingers. The keys were rearranged in such a way that the workload of each finger was approximately matched with its relative strength. The newly proposed arrangement of the keys was not much different compared to the Arabic script keyboard layout, and hence it is convenient for users to switch between the layouts.
    Matched MeSH terms: Movement
  2. Fulltext Random sampling and allocation using SPSS
    Wan Nor Arifin
    Education in Medicine Journal, 2012;4(1):129-143.
    MyJurnal
    Among most important aspects in conducting a clinical trial are random sampling and allocation of subjects. The processes could be easier if done with familiar software used for data entry and analysis instead of relying on other programs or methods. The objective of this article is to demonstrate random sampling and allocation using SPSS in step-by-step manners using examples most relevant to clinicians as well as researchers in health sciences.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stereotypic Movement Disorder
  3. Fulltext The graphical assessment of multivariate normality using SPSS
    Wan Nor Arifin
    Education in Medicine Journal, 2015;7(2):71-75.
    MyJurnal
    Multivariate analyses depend on multivariate normality assumption. Although the analyses are available in SPSS, it is not possible to assess the assumption from the basic package. Statistical assessment of the normality is available in a specialized package, SPSS Amos, in form of Mardia's multivariate kurtosis. However, graphical assessment of the normality by chi-square versus Mahalanobis distance plot is not available in both of the packages. The aim of this article is to present the steps to construct the plot in SPSS in a point-and-click manner as expected by most SPSS users.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stereotypic Movement Disorder
  4. Fulltext Global colour scale for tmeline events in ion dynamics
    Sharif, J.M., Latiff, M.S.A., Ngadi, M.A.
    ASM Science Journal, 2007;1(2):109-128.
    MyJurnal
    Spatio-temporal datasets are a collection of datasets where data can vary in both space and time. Theoretically, such datasets can be considered as continuous and discrete. For example, specification of the function, F: Ed  T Rn, where Ed denotes d-dimensional Euclidean space, T = R* ∩ {} the domain of time and Rn an n-dimensional scalar field. Examples of such data sets include time-varying simulation results, film and videos, time-varying medical datasets, geometry models with motion or deformation, meteorological measurements, and many more. It is therefore highly desirable to use visualisation to summarize meaningful information in higher dimensional spatio-temporal datasets. Our aim is to conceive an efficient visual study to facilitate scientists in identifying temporal association among complex and chaotic atom movements in ion trajectories. An application that uses a streamline for spatial motion of ion trajectories and Colour Number Coding Scheme for temporal encoding of high degree of timeline events among mobile ions is proposed. With an anthology of the visual examples, it was revealed that this application would be beneficial for scientists to visually mine any 3D spatio-temporal dataset.
    Matched MeSH terms: Movement
  5. Fulltext RFID enabled automatic parking system
    Mohd Nizulfika Kassim, Fazila Mohd Zawawi, Nur Safwati Mohd Nor
    Journal of Advanced Research Design, 2017;39(1):1-8.
    MyJurnal
    Lack of parking space has become major contributing factor to traffic congestion
    which may affect the environmental condition due to incalculable amounts of wasted
    fuel and carbon emission. Congestion and parking are interrelated as looking for
    parking space may create additional delay and impair local circulation. The proposed
    automatic parking system which embedded with radio frequency identification (RFID)
    and internet of things (IoTs) module will introduce a monitoring platform for the
    parking space. This intelligent parking system makes it possible for the drivers to
    obtain information beforehand through their mobile hand phone application or any
    display available. This paper describes the mechanical design of automatic indoor
    parking space with the advancement of sensor networks application known as RFID.
    The design criterias were studied to develop a parking prototype which dealing with
    number of degree of freedom as well as movement mechanism. The result presented
    at the end of this paper was evaluated from the engineering analysis using the
    developed parking prototype to meet system performance as well as design safety
    factor.
    Matched MeSH terms: Movement
  6. Fulltext Auto-Grasping algorithm of robot gripper based on pressure sensor measurement
    Ahmed M. M. ALmassri, Chikamune Wada, Wan Hasan, W.Z., Ahmad, S.A.
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2017;25(102):113-122.
    MyJurnal
    This paper presents an auto grasping algorithm of a proposed robotic gripper. The purpose is to enhance the grasping mechanism of the gripper. Earlier studies have introduced various methods to enhance the grasping mechanism, but most of the works have not looked at the weight measurement method. Thus, with this algorithm, the weight of the object is calculated based on modified Wheatstone Bridge Circuit (WBC) which is controlled by programmable interface controller (PIC) method. Having this approach introduces and improves the grasping mechanism through an auto grasping algorithm. Experimental results show that an auto grasping algorithm based on pressure sensor measurements leads to a more precise grasping measurement and consequently enhance the sensitivity measurement as well as accurate movement calibration. Furthermore, several different grasping objects based on the proposed method are examined to demonstrate the performance and robustness of our approach.
    Matched MeSH terms: Movement
  7. Fulltext The effectiveness of Dalcroze Music Approach in enhancing musical coordination skill among year 4 students in urban area
    Md Jais Ismail
    Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2017;2(1):54-65.
    MyJurnal
    This study is designed in qualitative form which focuses on musical coordination skill that is sing and
    clapping rhythm simultaneously in meter . The researcher used one of music teaching method which
    is Dalcroze Approach as an intervention in this study. Dalcroze Approach is a method which relates
    musical concepts with movement. Research sample is among Year 4 students aged 10 years old from
    different sex and race. Data have been collected through observation and interview. A comprehension
    exam is conducted as a supplementary data collection. Findings show the students have achieved good
    result in music coordination skill after the implementation of the Dalcroze Approach. Observation
    revealed that all the students have increase their coordination skill in singing and clapping the rhythm simultaneously. Interview which is conducted on students found 60 percent of them are very confident
    to do the skill as well. The result of comprehension exam shows 73 percent of students score A which
    can be described as excellent. Researcher wish to have further study in developing the music
    coordination skill by improving the intervention of the study.
    Matched MeSH terms: Movement
  8. A study on body movement analysis by the foot slip pattern in a fall
    Kim SH, Kim DW
    Sains Malaysiana, 2015;44:1745-1750.
    A fracture, which mostly results from a fall, is fatal for the elderly. A fall occurred when a person cannot maintain the
    body position. Most falls occurred when a person walks on a slippery surface or trips over an object on the ground during
    a gait. Most people try to avoid falls instinctively and fall when their attempt fails. As such, this study investigated the
    difference between two movements- a movement to avoid falls and a forward-falling movement without a fall-avoiding
    movement- by analyzing the body movements of the subjects. A fast-moving fall-guiding device with a pneumatic actuator
    was used to guide falls. The movement of the device could simulate a foot slip that may happen during daily activities.
    A three-axis acceleration sensor and a Bluetooth module were used to avoid disturbing the body movement during a fall
    as a wire sensor or a movement analysis system does.
    Matched MeSH terms: Movement
  9. Fulltext Socket sclerosis, a rare complication in orthodontic tooth movement
    Khurana NA, Khurana G, Uppal N
    Contemp Clin Dent, 2010 Oct;1(4):255-8.
    PMID: 22114433 DOI: 10.4103/0976-237X.76396
    Socket sclerosis is usually asymptomatic and does not require any treatment. The only potential complication arises during orthodontic treatment, wherein sclerosed socket of the premolar teeth may be an obstacle in closing the space by movement of teeth through the extraction space. This article demonstrates the problems encountered during the orthodontic treatment of a 20-year-old Malaysian woman with socket sclerosis and the treatment strategy employed to overcome the same.
    Matched MeSH terms: Movement
  10. Information-based decoding of the coupling among human brain activity and movement paths
    Kamal SM, Dawi NM, Namazi H
    Technol Health Care, 2021;29(6):1109-1118.
    PMID: 33749623 DOI: 10.3233/THC-202744
    BACKGROUND: Walking like many other actions of a human is controlled by the brain through the nervous system. In fact, if a problem occurs in our brain, we cannot walk correctly. Therefore, the analysis of the coupling of brain activity and walking is very important especially in rehabilitation science. The complexity of movement paths is one of the factors that affect human walking. For instance, if we walk on a path that is more complex, our brain activity increases to adjust our movements.

    OBJECTIVE: This study for the first time analyzed the coupling of walking paths and brain reaction from the information point of view.

    METHODS: We analyzed the Shannon entropy for electroencephalography (EEG) signals versus the walking paths in order to relate their information contents.

    RESULTS: According to the results, walking on a path that contains more information causes more information in EEG signals. A strong correlation (p= 0.9999) was observed between the information contents of EEG signals and walking paths. Our method of analysis can also be used to investigate the relation among other physiological signals of a human and walking paths, which has great benefits in rehabilitation science.

    Matched MeSH terms: Movement
  11. Macaque progressions: passing order during single-file movements reflects the social structure of a wild stump-tailed macaque group
    Toyoda A, Maruhashi T, Malaivijitnond S, Matsudaira K, Arai Z, Matsuda I, et al.
    Primates, 2023 May;64(3):351-359.
    PMID: 36809436 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-023-01055-y
    Inferring the latent structures of social organisations is a central theme in animal ecology. Sophisticated theoretical frameworks underpin the study of various primate social systems. Single-file movements, defined as serially ordered patterns of animals, reflect intra-group social relationships and provide a key to understanding social structures. Here, we analysed automated camera-trapping data on the order of progression of single-file movements in a free-ranging group of stump-tailed macaques to estimate the social structure of the group. The sequence of single file movements showed some regularities, particularly for adult males. Social network analysis identified four community clusters (subgroups) corresponding to the social structures reported for these stumptailed macaques, i.e. males that had copulated more frequently with females were spatially clustered with females, but males that had copulated less frequently were spatially isolated from females. Our results suggest that stumptailed macaques move in regular, socially determined patterns that reflect the spatial positions of adult males and are related to the social organisation of the species.
    Matched MeSH terms: Movement
  12. Fulltext In-air Hand Gesture Signature Recognition: An iHGS Database Acquisition Protocol
    Khoh WH, Pang YH, Yap HY
    F1000Res, 2022;11:283.
    PMID: 37600220 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.74134.2
    Background: With the advances in current technology, hand gesture recognition has gained considerable attention. It has been extended to recognize more distinctive movements, such as a signature, in human-computer interaction (HCI) which enables the computer to identify a person in a non-contact acquisition environment. This application is known as in-air hand gesture signature recognition. To our knowledge, there are no publicly accessible databases and no detailed descriptions of the acquisitional protocol in this domain. Methods: This paper aims to demonstrate the procedure for collecting the in-air hand gesture signature's database. This database is disseminated as a reference database in the relevant field for evaluation purposes. The database is constructed from the signatures of 100 volunteer participants, who contributed their signatures in two different sessions. Each session provided 10 genuine samples enrolled using a Microsoft Kinect sensor camera to generate a genuine dataset. In addition, a forgery dataset was also collected by imitating the genuine samples. For evaluation, each sample was preprocessed with hand localization and predictive hand segmentation algorithms to extract the hand region. Then, several vector-based features were extracted. Results: In this work, classification performance analysis and system robustness analysis were carried out. In the classification analysis, a multiclass Support Vector Machine (SVM) was employed to classify the samples and 97.43% accuracy was achieved; while the system robustness analysis demonstrated low error rates of 2.41% and 5.07% in random forgery and skilled forgery attacks, respectively. Conclusions: These findings indicate that hand gesture signature is not only feasible for human classification, but its properties are also robust against forgery attacks.
    Matched MeSH terms: Movement
  13. Fulltext Digital tools for direct assessment of autism risk during early childhood: A systematic review
    Mukherjee D, Bhavnani S, Lockwood Estrin G, Rao V, Dasgupta J, Irfan H, et al.
    Autism, 2024 Jan;28(1):6-31.
    PMID: 36336996 DOI: 10.1177/13623613221133176
    The challenge of finding autistic children, and finding them early enough to make a difference for them and their families, becomes all the greater in parts of the world where human and material resources are in short supply. Poverty of resources delays interventions, translating into a poverty of outcomes. Digital tools carry potential to lessen this delay because they can be administered by non-specialists in children's homes, schools or other everyday environments, they can measure a wide range of autistic behaviours objectively and they can automate analysis without requiring an expert in computers or statistics. This literature review aimed to identify and describe digital tools for screening children who may be at risk for autism. These tools are predominantly at the 'proof-of-concept' stage. Both portable (laptops, mobile phones, smart toys) and fixed (desktop computers, virtual-reality platforms) technologies are used to present computerised games, or to record children's behaviours or speech. Computerised analysis of children's interactions with these technologies differentiates children with and without autism, with promising results. Tasks assessing social responses and hand and body movements are the most reliable in distinguishing autistic from typically developing children. Such digital tools hold immense potential for early identification of autism spectrum disorder risk at a large scale. Next steps should be to further validate these tools and to evaluate their applicability in a variety of settings. Crucially, stakeholders from underserved communities globally must be involved in this research, lest it fail to capture the issues that these stakeholders are facing.
    Matched MeSH terms: Movement
  14. Fulltext Sustainable Medical Teaching and Learning During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Surviving the New Normal
    Yusoff MSB, Hadie SNH, Mohamad I, Draman N, Muhd Al-Aarifin I, Wan Abdul Rahman WF, et al.
    Malays J Med Sci, 2020 May;27(3):137-142.
    PMID: 32684814 MyJurnal DOI: 10.21315/mjms2020.27.3.14
    During the first phase of the Movement Control Order, many medical lecturers had difficulty adapting to the online teaching and learning methods that were made compulsory by the institutional directives. Some of these lecturers are clinicians who need to juggle between clinical work and teaching, and consider a two-week adaptation during this period to be not enough. Furthermore, converting traditional face-to-face learning to online formats for undergraduate and postgraduate clinical programmes would reduce the learning outcomes, especially those related to clinical applications and the acquisition of new skills. This editorial discusses the impact that movement restrictions have had on medical teaching and learning, the alternatives and challenges and the way forward.
    Matched MeSH terms: Movement
  15. Examining the Range of Motion of the Cervical Spine: Utilising Different Bedside Instruments
    Sukari AAA, Singh S, Bohari MH, Idris Z, Ghani ARI, Abdullah JM
    Malays J Med Sci, 2021 Apr;28(2):100-105.
    PMID: 33958964 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2021.28.2.9
    Background: This paper outlines a summary of examination technique to identify the range of movement of the cervical spine. Due to common difficulties in obtaining tools for cervical examination within the district, a standardised compilation of easy-to-replicate examination techniques are provided using different tools.

    Methods: Bedside instruments that can be used includes a measuring tape, compass, goniometer, inclinometer and cervical range of motion (CROM) instrument.

    Discussion: Cervical flexion-extension, lateral flexion and rotation will be assessed with bedside instruments. This would aid in increasing accuracy and precision of objective measurement while conducting clinical examination to determine the cervical range of motion.

    Matched MeSH terms: Movement
  16. Fulltext The aerodynamic cost of head morphology in bats: maybe not as bad as it seems
    Vanderelst D, Peremans H, Razak NA, Verstraelen E, Dimitriadis G, Dimitriadis G
    PLoS One, 2015;10(3):e0118545.
    PMID: 25739038 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0118545
    At first sight, echolocating bats face a difficult trade-off. As flying animals, they would benefit from a streamlined geometric shape to reduce aerodynamic drag and increase flight efficiency. However, as echolocating animals, their pinnae generate the acoustic cues necessary for navigation and foraging. Moreover, species emitting sound through their nostrils often feature elaborate noseleaves that help in focussing the emitted echolocation pulses. Both pinnae and noseleaves reduce the streamlined character of a bat's morphology. It is generally assumed that by compromising the streamlined charactered of the geometry, the head morphology generates substantial drag, thereby reducing flight efficiency. In contrast, it has also been suggested that the pinnae of bats generate lift forces counteracting the detrimental effect of the increased drag. However, very little data exist on the aerodynamic properties of bat pinnae and noseleaves. In this work, the aerodynamic forces generated by the heads of seven species of bats, including noseleaved bats, are measured by testing detailed 3D models in a wind tunnel. Models of Myotis daubentonii, Macrophyllum macrophyllum, Micronycteris microtis, Eptesicus fuscus, Rhinolophus formosae, Rhinolophus rouxi and Phyllostomus discolor are tested. The results confirm that non-streamlined facial morphologies yield considerable drag forces but also generate substantial lift. The net effect is a slight increase in the lift-to-drag ratio. Therefore, there is no evidence of high aerodynamic costs associated with the morphology of bat heads.
    Matched MeSH terms: Movement*
  17. Fulltext Development of biological movement recognition by interaction between active basis model and fuzzy optical flow division
    Yousefi B, Loo CK
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:238234.
    PMID: 24883361 DOI: 10.1155/2014/238234
    Following the study on computational neuroscience through functional magnetic resonance imaging claimed that human action recognition in the brain of mammalian pursues two separated streams, that is, dorsal and ventral streams. It follows up by two pathways in the bioinspired model, which are specialized for motion and form information analysis (Giese and Poggio 2003). Active basis model is used to form information which is different from orientations and scales of Gabor wavelets to form a dictionary regarding object recognition (human). Also biologically movement optic-flow patterns utilized. As motion information guides share sketch algorithm in form pathway for adjustment plus it helps to prevent wrong recognition. A synergetic neural network is utilized to generate prototype templates, representing general characteristic form of every class. Having predefined templates, classifying performs based on multitemplate matching. As every human action has one action prototype, there are some overlapping and consistency among these templates. Using fuzzy optical flow division scoring can prevent motivation for misrecognition. We successfully apply proposed model on the human action video obtained from KTH human action database. Proposed approach follows the interaction between dorsal and ventral processing streams in the original model of the biological movement recognition. The attained results indicate promising outcome and improvement in robustness using proposed approach.
    Matched MeSH terms: Movement*
  18. Epithelial migration on the external ear canal wall in normal and pathologic ears
    Revadi G, Prepageran N, Raman R, Sharizal TA
    Otol Neurotol, 2011 Apr;32(3):504-7.
    PMID: 21307812 DOI: 10.1097/MAO.0b013e31820d97e2
    HYPOTHESIS: Epithelial migration on the external auditory canal (EAC) wall is abnormal in ears with keratosis obturans (KO).
    BACKGROUND: Earlier studies of epithelial migration have focused on the tympanic membrane with scattered information available for epithelial migration on canal walls. This study was undertaken to observe the epithelial migration on the EAC wall in normal ears and in ears with KO.
    METHODS: Twenty-five subjects with normal ears and 4 with KO were recruited for the study. Colored ink dots were placed around the tympanic annulus at the 12, 3, 6, and 9 o'clock positions. Migration patterns and the rate of travel of these ink dots were examined and photographed until the ink dots reached the bony cartilaginous junction.
    RESULTS: Fifteen healthy subjects and 1 with bilateral KO completed the study. The ink dots migrated laterally, with a rate of migration in normal ears between 42 and 205 μm/d. The mean rates for each quadrant, measured clockwise from the 12 o'clock position, were 104.93, 89.80, 72.67, and 109.93 μm/d, respectively. The pathologic ears exhibited a rate between 88 and 140 μm/d, and at approximately 4 to 12 weeks after ink application, areas of abnormal desquamation were apparent at the inferior quadrant, leading to a halt in the migration of the ink dot once it reached these sites.
    CONCLUSION: Epithelial migration occurred in an almost linear pattern in all quadrants, but the speed of migration was relatively slower in the anterior and inferior quadrants of a normal EAC. In the single KO patient, there were areas of normal migration and areas of abnormal keratin resurfacing at the inferior quadrant, which interfered with the migration of ink dots.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Movement*
  19. Epithelial migration in open mastoidectomy cavities
    Ong CA, Prepageran N, Godbole S, Raman R
    Asian J Surg, 2007 Jan;30(1):57-9.
    PMID: 17337373
    To study the rate and pattern of epithelial migration in 18 dry, open mastoidectomy cavities.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Movement*
  20. Fulltext The effects of Malaysian propolis and Brazilian red propolis on connective tissue fibroblasts in the wound healing process
    Jacob A, Parolia A, Pau A, Davamani Amalraj F
    BMC Complement Altern Med, 2015;15:294.
    PMID: 26303848 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-015-0814-1
    To evaluate and compare the effects of ethanolic extracts of Malaysian propolis and Brazilian red propolis at different concentrations on the migration and proliferation of fibroblast cells.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cell Movement/drug effects
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