MyMedR

Fulltext A multi-step pace towards a cure for HIV: kick, kill, and contain

López M

AIDS Rev, 2013 Jul-Sep;15(3):190-1.

The 7th IAS Conference held in July 2013 in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, heard about a number of cases of "functional cure" in people who had started antiretroviral therapy soon after HIV infection, including a German case that can now be added to the "Mississippi baby" report presented at CROI 2012 and 14 individuals of the French VISCONTI cohort. All these persons maintained an undetectable viral load after coming off antiretrovirals.

Matched MeSH terms: HIV Infections/drug therapy*

Fulltext Metabolic abnormalities in adult HIV infected population on antiretroviral medication in Malaysia: a cross-sectional survey

Hejazi N, Rajikan R, Choong CL, Sahar S

BMC Public Health, 2013;13:758.

PMID: 23947428 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-758

In the current two decades, dyslipidemia and increased blood glucose as metabolic abnormalities are the most common health threats with a high incidence among HIV/AIDS patients on antiretroviral (ARV) treatment. Scientific investigations and reports on lipid and glucose disorders among HIV infected communities are inadequate especially in those developing such as Malaysia. This cross-sectional survey was mainly aimed to evaluate the prevalence of metabolic abnormalities and associated risk factors among HIV infected population patients on ARV medication.

Matched MeSH terms: HIV Infections/drug therapy*

Predictors of death in Malaysian HIV-infected patients on anti-retroviral therapy

Lubis R, Bulgiba A, Kamarulzaman A, Hairi NN, Dahlui M, Peramalah D

Prev Med, 2013;57 Suppl:S54-6.

PMID: 23352555 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.01.006

To determine the predictors of death in Malaysian HIV-infected patients undergoing antiretroviral therapy (ART).

Matched MeSH terms: HIV Infections/drug therapy

How well does self-reported adherence fare compared to therapeutic drug monitoring in HAART?

Bulgiba A, Mohammed UY, Chik Z, Lee C, Peramalah D

Prev Med, 2013;57 Suppl:S34-6.

PMID: 23313585 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.01.002

The aim of the study was to determine how well self-reported adherence fares compared to therapeutic drug monitoring in monitoring HAART adherence.

Matched MeSH terms: HIV Infections/drug therapy*

What has been achieved in HIV prevention, treatment and care for people who inject drugs, 2010-2012? A review of the six highest burden countries

Degenhardt L, Mathers BM, Wirtz AL, Wolfe D, Kamarulzaman A, Carrieri MP, et al.

Int J Drug Policy, 2014 Jan;25(1):53-60.

PMID: 24113623 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugpo.2013.08.004

In 2010 the international HIV/AIDS community called on countries to take action to prevent HIV transmission among people who inject drugs (PWID). To set a baseline we proposed an "accountability matrix", focusing upon six countries accounting for half of the global population of PWID: China, Malaysia, Russia, Ukraine, Vietnam and the USA. Two years on, we review progress.

Matched MeSH terms: HIV Infections/drug therapy*

Altered phenotype and function of NK cells infiltrating human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated genital warts during HIV infection

Bere A, Tayib S, Kriek JM, Masson L, Jaumdally SZ, Barnabas SL, et al.

Clin Immunol, 2014 Feb;150(2):210-9.

PMID: 24440646 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2013.12.005

HIV-infected individuals experience more persistent HPV infections and are less likely to resolve genital warts. This study compared phenotype and functions of NK and T cells from genital warts and blood from 67 women. We compared in vitro functional responses of NK and T cells by multiparametric flow cytometry. HIV+ women had significantly lower frequencies of CD4 T cells in warts (p = 0.001) and blood (p = 0.001). While the distribution of NK cell subsets was similar, HIV+ women tended to have lower frequencies of CD56(Dim) NK cells in both blood (p = 0.0001) and warts (p = 0.006) than HIV- women. Wart NK cells from HIV+ women expressed significantly lower CD107a and produced IFN-γ. HAART status was not associated with differences in NK cell functionality. We conclude that wart NK cells from HIV+ women have defects in their ability to degranulate and/or secrete IFN-γ, which may provide insights into why HIV+ women fail to spontaneously resolve genital warts.

Matched MeSH terms: HIV Infections/drug therapy

Fulltext Is forced migration a barrier to treatment success? Similar HIV treatment outcomes among refugees and a surrounding host community in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Mendelsohn JB, Schilperoord M, Spiegel P, Balasundaram S, Radhakrishnan A, Lee CK, et al.

AIDS Behav, 2014 Feb;18(2):323-34.

PMID: 23748862 DOI: 10.1007/s10461-013-0494-0

In response to an absence of studies among refugees and host communities accessing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in urban settings, our objective was to compare adherence and virological outcomes among clients attending a public clinic in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among adult clients (≥18 years). Data sources included a structured questionnaire that measured self-reported adherence, a pharmacy-based measure of HAART prescription refills over the previous 24 months, and HIV viral loads. The primary outcome was unsuppressed viral load (≥40 copies/mL). Among a sample of 153 refugees and 148 host community clients, refugees were younger (median age 35 [interquartile range, IQR 31, 39] vs 40 years [IQR 35, 48], p HIV strategic plans of host countries with a view to expanding access in accordance with national guidelines for HAART.
Study site: Infectious Diseases Clinic, Hospital Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: HIV Infections/drug therapy*

Fulltext Adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy in a tertiary care hospital in West Bengal, India

Saha R, Saha I, Sarkar AP, Das DK, Misra R, Bhattacharya K, et al.

Singapore Med J, 2014 Feb;55(2):92-8.

PMID: 24570318

INTRODUCTION: The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has led to the reduction of mortality and the improvement of the quality of life of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). The present study was conducted to determine the pattern of adherence to HAART among PLWHA, and to assess the factor(s) affecting nonadherence, if any.

METHODS: This study was a hospital-based analytical, cross-sectional epidemiological study conducted between July and October 2011. A total of 370 adult HIV-positive patients registered in the Antiretroviral Therapy Centre of Burdwan Medical College and Hospital, West Bengal, India, were included. Nonadherence was defined as missing at least a single dose of medicine within the last four days. Data was analysed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 19.0 (IBM Corp, Armonk, NY, USA).

RESULTS: A total of 87.6% of patients were found to be adherent to HAART. Principal causes of nonadherence were forgetting to take medicine (70.2%), being away from home (65.2%), and busyness with other things (64.7%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that nonadherence was significantly associated with a positive family history of HIV/AIDS (odds ratio [OR] 16; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.2-114.3; p = 0.01), occurrence of side effects with HAART (OR 9.81; 95% CI 1.9-51.7; p = 0.01) and employment (OR 5.93; 95% CI 1.5-23.2; p = 0.01).

CONCLUSION: Although overall adherence was high, the factors that affect nonadherence can be addressed with proper counselling and motivation of patients and their family members. Adherence to HAART could delay the progression of this lethal disease and minimise the risk of developing drug resistance.

Matched MeSH terms: HIV Infections/drug therapy

Fulltext Hypertension among HIV-infected adults receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in Malaysia

Hejazi N, Huang MS, Lin KG, Choong LC

Glob J Health Sci, 2014 Mar;6(2):58-71.

PMID: 24576366 DOI: 10.5539/gjhs.v6n2p58

There are increasing researches about non-communicable disease such as elevated blood pressure among people living with HIV before and after initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). This cross-sectional study was designed to determine the prevalence of hypertension and associated risk factors among 340 HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy at a Malaysian public hospital providing HIV-related treatment. Data on socioeconomic background, anthropometry, medical history and dietary intake of the patients were collected. Hypertension is defined as blood pressure >=130/85 (mm Hg). Prevalence of hypertension was 45.60% (n=155) of which 86.5% of the hypertensive group were male (n=134). The results showed that increase in age (OR 1.051, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.024-1.078), higher body mass index (OR 1.18, 95%CI 1.106-2.71), bigger waist circumference (OR 1.18, 95%CI 1.106-2.71), higher waist-hip ratio (OR 1.070, 95%CI 1.034-1.106), higher fasting plasma glucose (OR 1.332, 95%CI 0.845-2.100) and percentage energy intake from protein >15 (OR 2.519, 95%CI 1.391-4.561) were significant risk factors for hypertension (p<0.001). After adjusting for other variables, increasing age (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.069 95%CI 1.016-1.124, p=0.010), being male (aOR 3.026, 95%CI 1.175-7.794, p=0.022) and higher body mass index (aOR 1.26, 95%CI 1.032-1.551, p=0.024) were independently associated with hypertension. None of the antiretroviral therapy and immunologic factors was linked to hypertension. In conclusion hypertension among PLHIV was linked to the well-known risk factors such as age, gender and body mass index. With HAART, people can live longer by making monitoring and control of some reversible factors, especially excessive weight gain for maintaining quality of life.

Matched MeSH terms: HIV Infections/drug therapy*

Fulltext HIV-Mycobacterium tuberculosis co-infection: a 'danger-couple model' of disease pathogenesis

Shankar EM, Vignesh R, Ellegård R, Barathan M, Chong YK, Bador MK, et al.

Pathog Dis, 2014 Mar;70(2):110-8.

PMID: 24214523 DOI: 10.1111/2049-632X.12108

Tuberculosis (TB) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection interfere and impact the pathogenesis phenomena of each other. Owing to atypical clinical presentations and diagnostic complications, HIV/TB co-infection continues to be a menace for healthcare providers. Although the increased access to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has led to a reduction in HIV-associated opportunistic infections and mortality, the concurrent management of HIV/TB co-infection remains a challenge owing to adverse effects, complex drug interactions, overlapping toxicities and tuberculosis -associated immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome. Several hypotheses have been put forward for the exacerbation of tuberculosis by HIV and vice versa supported by immunological studies. Discussion on the mechanisms produced by infectious cofactors with impact on disease pathology could shed light on how to design potential interventions that could decelerate disease progression. With no vaccine for HIV and lack of an effective vaccine for tuberculosis, it is essential to design strategies against HIV-TB co-infection.

Matched MeSH terms: HIV Infections/drug therapy

Fulltext Characterizing HIV manifestations and treatment outcomes of perinatally infected adolescents in Asia

Chokephaibulkit K, Kariminia A, Oberdorfer P, Nallusamy R, Bunupuradah T, Hansudewechakul R, et al.

Pediatr Infect Dis J, 2014 Mar;33(3):291-4.

PMID: 23942457 DOI: 10.1097/INF.0b013e3182a18223

More perinatally HIV-infected children in Asia are reaching adolescence.

Matched MeSH terms: HIV Infections/drug therapy*

Fulltext Gender disparities in HIV treatment outcomes following release from jail: results from a multicenter study

Meyer JP, Zelenev A, Wickersham JA, Williams CT, Teixeira PA, Altice FL

Am J Public Health, 2014 Mar;104(3):434-41.

PMID: 24432878 DOI: 10.2105/AJPH.2013.301553

We assessed gender differences in longitudinal HIV treatment outcomes among HIV-infected jail detainees transitioning to the community.

Matched MeSH terms: HIV Infections/drug therapy*

Fulltext Optimization of human immunodeficiency virus treatment during incarceration: viral suppression at the prison gate

Meyer JP, Cepeda J, Wu J, Trestman RL, Altice FL, Springer SA

JAMA Intern Med, 2014 May;174(5):721-9.

PMID: 24687044 DOI: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.601

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) management in correctional settings is logistically feasible, but HIV-related outcomes before release have not been recently systematically examined.

Matched MeSH terms: HIV Infections/drug therapy*

Fulltext Transmitted drug resistance and antiretroviral treatment outcomes in non-subtype B HIV-1-infected patients in South East Asia

Phanuphak P, Sirivichayakul S, Jiamsakul A, Sungkanuparph S, Kumarasamy N, Lee MP, et al.

J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr, 2014 May 01;66(1):74-9.

PMID: 24413039 DOI: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000108

BACKGROUND: We compared treatment outcomes of transmitted drug resistance (TDR) in patients on fully or partially sensitive drug regimens.

METHODS: Factors associated with survival and failure were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards and discrete time conditional logistic models.

RESULTS: TDR, found in 60 (4.1%) of 1471 Asian treatment-naive patients, was one of the significant predictors of failure. Patients with TDR to >1 drug in their regimen were >3 times as likely to fail compared to no TDR.

CONCLUSIONS: TDR was associated with failure in the context of non-fully sensitive regimens. Efforts are needed to incorporate resistance testing into national treatment programs.

Matched MeSH terms: HIV Infections/drug therapy*

Fulltext Impact of antiretroviral therapy on opportunistic infections of HIV-infected children in the therapeutic research, education and AIDS training asia pediatric HIV observational database

Prasitsuebsai W, Kariminia A, Puthanakit T, Lumbiganon P, Hansudewechakul R, Siew Moy F, et al.

Pediatr Infect Dis J, 2014 Jul;33(7):747-52.

PMID: 24378942 DOI: 10.1097/INF.0000000000000226

There are limited data on opportunistic infections (OIs) and factors associated with their occurrence after highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in Asian children. The use of HAART in Asia started much later than in developed countries and therefore reported findings may not be fully applicable to the pediatric HIV epidemic in Asia.

Matched MeSH terms: HIV Infections/drug therapy*

Osteonecrosis with renal damage in HIV patients undergoing HAART

Chitra P, Bakthavatsalam B, Palvannan T

Biomed Pharmacother, 2014 Sep;68(7):881-5.

PMID: 25194446 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2014.07.017

Rheumatoid arthritis in HIV patients undergoing HAART is associated with increased risk of side effect. Elevation of uric acid (UA) is important in tissue damage, deposition of crystal in joints leads to the development of rheumatoid arthritis in the HAART complaint group. This study was carried out to investigate the relationship of uric acid, RA factor, ANA, ESR, cystatin C, urea and creatinine in the HAART complaint group. Moreover; the ratio of uric acid/cystatin C, uric acid/urea and uric acid/creatinine were also studied. To analyze the progression of HIV, the immunological parameters were correlated with uric acid. Our result showed a statistically high significant increase in uric acid, RA factor, ANA, ESR, cystatin C, urea and creatinine in the HAART complaint group when compared to HAART non-complaint group, early stage and control. The ratio of uric acid/cystatin C, uric acid/urea, uric acid/creatinine were significantly increased in the HAART complaint group. Statistically significant positive correlation was observed between uric acid and cystatin C, urea, creatinine, absolute CD4 and CD8 count. The increased level of uric acid, RA factor, ANA, ESR, cystatin C and increased ratio of uric acid/cystatin C in the HAART complaint group might conclude the mechanism underlying the increased risk for rheumatoid arthritis in the HAART complaint group which may relate to the combined effects of low-grade inflammation and renal dysfunction.

Study done in India

Matched MeSH terms: HIV Infections/drug therapy*

Fulltext Weight as predictors of clinical progression and treatment failure: results from the TREAT Asia Pediatric HIV Observational Database

Kariminia A, Durier N, Jourdain G, Saghayam S, Do CV, Nguyen LV, et al.

J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr, 2014 Sep 01;67(1):71-6.

PMID: 24872132 DOI: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000227

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the value of time-updated weight and height in predicting clinical progression, and immunological and virological failure in children receiving combination antiretroviral therapy (cART).

METHODS: We used Cox regression to analyze data of a cohort of Asian children.

RESULTS: A total of 2608 children were included; median age at cART was 5.7 years. Time-updated weight for age z score < -3 was associated with mortality (P < 0.001) independent of CD4% and < -2 was associated with immunological failure (P ≤ 0.03) independent of age at cART.

CONCLUSIONS: Weight monitoring provides useful data to inform clinical management of children on cART in resource-limited settings.

Matched MeSH terms: HIV Infections/drug therapy*

Fulltext Lipopolysaccharide, immune activation, and liver abnormalities in HIV/hepatitis B virus (HBV)-coinfected individuals receiving HBV-active combination antiretroviral therapy

Crane M, Avihingsanon A, Rajasuriar R, Velayudham P, Iser D, Solomon A, et al.

J Infect Dis, 2014 Sep 1;210(5):745-51.

PMID: 24585898 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiu119

We investigated the relationship between microbial translocation, immune activation, and liver disease in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), soluble CD14, CXCL10, and CCL-2 levels were elevated in patients with HIV/HBV coinfection. Levels of LPS, soluble CD14, and CCL-2 declined following receipt of HBV-active combination antiretroviral therapy (cART), but the CXCL10 level remained elevated. No markers were associated with liver disease severity on liver biopsy (n = 96), but CXCL10, interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor α, and interferon γ (IFN-γ) were all associated with elevated liver enzyme levels during receipt of HBV-active cART. Stimulation of hepatocyte cell lines in vitro with IFN-γ and LPS induced a profound synergistic increase in the production of CXCL10. LPS may contribute to liver disease via stimulating persistent production of CXCL10.

Matched MeSH terms: HIV Infections/drug therapy*

Fulltext A clinical prediction tool for targeted pre-antiretroviral therapy creatinine testing applied to the TREAT Asia HIV observational database cohort

Boettiger DC, Saphonn V, Lee MP, Phanuphak P, Pham TT, Heng Sim BL, et al.

J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr, 2014 Dec 01;67(4):e131-3.

PMID: 25197829 DOI: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000000338

Matched MeSH terms: HIV Infections/drug therapy*

Fulltext Trends in first-line antiretroviral therapy in Asia: results from the TREAT Asia HIV observational database

Boettiger DC, Kerr S, Ditangco R, Merati TP, Pham TT, Chaiwarith R, et al.

PLoS One, 2014;9(9):e106525.

PMID: 25184314 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106525

Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has evolved rapidly since its beginnings. This analysis describes trends in first-line ART use in Asia and their impact on treatment outcomes.

Matched MeSH terms: HIV Infections/drug therapy*

Displaying publications 41 - 60 of 162 in total