Displaying publications 81 - 100 of 217 in total

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  1. Fulltext A study of hand, food and moth epidemic in Hulu Langat district, 2000. [Tinjauan wabak penyakit tangan, kaki dan mulut (HFMD) di daerah Hulu Langat, 2000]
    Meftahuddin Tarip, Jamsiah Mustafa
    Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2003;3(1):16-22.
    MyJurnal
    The aim of this study is to describe the epidemiological features of HFMD outbreak in the Hulu Langat District in 2000. Until November 2000, a total of 60 cases were reported and the worst ever reported to the previous years. The mean age of patients was 3.9; 5.8 years with majority of the cases aged between 1 to 4 years old (53.8 per 100,000 of population), male gender (8.3 per 100,000 of populations), and were of Chinese (12.2 per 11 100,000 of populations) and Malay ethnicity (7.2 per 100.000 of populations). All cases were uncomplicated cases and were diagnosed clinically. Most of the notified cases were front the government facilities, which are 44 cases (73.3%). Thirty-five (35) cases (58.4%) were treated as outpatient and 25 cases (41.6%) as in patients (p>0,05). Only 7 cases (11.7%) have history of contact with HFMD patients. The notified cases were mainly from the densely populated areas which were Cheras, Kajang and Ampang. No differences were noted between HFMD cases which have been breasfed for less than 6 month or more, and twenty nine (29) cases (48.3 %) had completed the immunization schedule. In conclusion, the recent emergence of HFMD brings a new challenge, which have to be faced in the prevention and surveillance activities of public health problems in the district.
    Study site: Notified cases from Klinik Kesihatan, hospital, private clinics, Ulu Langat, Selangor, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Outpatients
  2. Fulltext Effects of lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) towards men’s sexual quality of life
    Frannelya Francis, Khatijah Lim Abdullah, Jati Kasuma
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(105):17-0.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: The numbers of male lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and sexual dysfunction (SD) are increasing worldwide including Malaysia. Both disorders caused significant effects on quality of life. Most men assume both disorders as age-related problem and opt to go untreated. Exploring the prevalence of both disorders and their effects on males’ quality of life in Sarawak by nurses is highly relevant. There has to be a significant change in the way these two health problems are assessed and managed by the nurses often with little or no medical participation. This study was aimed to determine the occurrence of LUTS and SD in men, and their effects on quality of life in Sarawak. Methods: A cross-sectional, survey-based study was used involving 162 male outpatients of age 40 years, recruited at outpatient clinics in Sarawak General Hospital. Questionnaires on International Prostate Symptoms Score; Danish Prostatic Symptoms Score-Sex and International Index for Erectile Function; and quality of life - Short Form-36 were given to eligible participants. Results: Results revealed that the occurrence of moderate to severe LUTS among male respondents attending non-urological clinics were14.8% and most common in 60-69 years old males. 84.6% of them experienced nocturia. 47.83% had severe erectile dysfunction and most common in 70-79 years old males. LUTS were also positively associated with erectile dysfunction. However, the findings on quality of life showed that both diseases were negatively associated with physical and mental composite summaries in Short Form-36. Con- clusions: The results implied that prevalence of both disorders and their effects on men’s quality of life is significant and have impacts on clinical practice. Contributing factors to male LUTS and SD were identified and need to be addressed accordingly to minimise the occurrence and complications of both disorders to men.
    Matched MeSH terms: Outpatients
  3. Prevalence of emotional disorders among adult patients attending a rural primary care clinic
    Fuziah P, Sherina MS, Nor Afiah MZ, Jefferelli SB
    Family Physician, 2005;13:16-19.
    Emotional disorders are common human emotional states that include anxiety, depression, social impairment and somatic symptoms. Emotional disorders are common in the community and therefore an important issue in primary care practice. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of emotional disorders among adults at a rural primary care clinic in Malaysia and to identify the associated factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted at Klinik Kesihatan Sungai Mati, Muar, Johor from 1st November to 31st December 1998. A self-administered 30-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-30) was used to screen for emotional disorders. Out of 414 patients seen during the study period, 368 fulfilled the selection criteria and agreed to participate in the study (response rate 88.9%). The prevalence of emotional disorders among the adult patients in this study was 15.2%. Factors such as age, race, gender, marital status, education level and employment were analyzed for association with emotional disorders. However, none of these factors were found to be significantly associated with emotional disorders in this study.
    Matched MeSH terms: Outpatients
  4. Fulltext Nutraceutical Use among Patients with Chronic Disease Attending Outpatient Clinics in a Tertiary Hospital
    Mahmood NA, Hassan MR, Ahmad S, Mohd Nawi H, Pang NTP, Syed Abdul Rahim SS, et al.
    Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2020;2020:9814815.
    PMID: 33224262 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9814815
    Food-drug interphase products, referring to nutraceuticals in this study, are a category of health products containing a combination of food ingredients with active substances for oral consumption. Many of these products are marketed as an alternative to prescription medicine to treat various ailments despite the lack of scientific evidence, influencing patients with chronic diseases to consume nutraceutical products. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with knowledge, attitude, and practice of nutraceutical use among patients with chronic disease attending to the outpatient clinic. This is a cross-sectional study involving patients with chronic disease at the outpatient specialist clinic. Samples were recruited from the outpatient clinic using convenience sampling. Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire, which was self-constructed and validated. We found that the use of nutraceuticals was prevalent among 17.9% of respondents. More than half (60.9%) of the respondents have poor knowledge of nutraceutical and 53.1% of respondents have a positive attitude towards nutraceutical. Gender and morbidities were the factors associated with the practice of nutraceutical usage. Female patients are more likely to have increased use of nutraceutical than male patients and patients with multiple morbidities have higher odds of using nutraceutical than patients with single morbidities. There is a high number of patients who consume nutraceutical products and public knowledge of nutraceutical needs to be improved further. The government should develop appropriate regulation and monitoring of nutraceutical products.
    Matched MeSH terms: Outpatients
  5. Fulltext Proportion of dementia and its associated factors among elderly patients attending outpatient clinics of Universiti Sains Malaysia Hospital
    Norlaily H, Azidah AK, Asrenee AR, Rohayah H, Juwita S
    Med J Malaysia, 2009 Jun;64(2):140-5.
    PMID: 20058574 MyJurnal
    The increase in life expectancy observed over the last decade has particular relevance for conditions such as cognitive decline and dementia. This is a cross sectional study to determine the rate of dementia and to identify its associated factors among 399 elderly patients attending outpatient clinics of Universiti Sains Malaysia Hospital. This study was conducted in 2 phases. In the first phase, the literate subjects were screened using validated Malay version of Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the illiterate subjects with Malay version of Elderly Cognitive Assessment Questionnaire (ECAQ). All subjects suspected to have dementia were selected for further evaluation in phase 2 of this study. The second phase involved full clinical examination in order to establish clinical diagnosis of dementia. The proportion of dementia in this study was 2.5% (10). Although history of exposure to pesticide (p < 0.05) and history of stroke (p < 0.05) were significant, they were not significant factors. These were because vast discrepancy in number between those exposed to pesticide and having stroke between dementia and non dementia.

    Study site: Outpatient clinics, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM)
    Matched MeSH terms: Outpatients/statistics & numerical data*
  6. Fulltext Diabetes self-care and its associated factors among elderly diabetes in primary care
    Ishak NH, Mohd Yusoff SS, Rahman RA, Kadir AA
    J Taibah Univ Med Sci, 2017 Dec;12(6):504-511.
    PMID: 31435286 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2017.03.008
    OBJECTIVES: Diabetes is a primarily self-manageable condition. Healthcare professionals usually offer education, treatment, and support, but patients themselves are responsible for the daily management of their condition. Increasing the effectiveness of self-management support may have a considerable impact on health care, especially for elderly people. The aim of this study was to describe diabetes self-care among elderly diabetics and to determine its associated factors.
    METHODS: This report describes a cross-sectional study involving 143 elderly diabetes patients in the outpatient department of the Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM). Self-care activities assessed in this study included dietary control, physical activity, self-monitoring of blood glucose, medication adherence, and situational related adherence behaviour, all of which were obtained using the validated Malay Elderly Diabetes Self-Care Questionnaire (MEDSCaQ).
    RESULTS: The mean (±SD) age of the subjects was 67.9 (±5.4) years old. A majority was Malay, with a mean HbA1c of 8.4 (±1.9). The mean diabetes self-care score was 26.5 (±8.0). Factors with a positive impact on diabetes self-care included being non-Malay (β = 5.275, p = 0.002), having family as care givers (β = 8.995, p = 0.004), having a higher level of family support (β = 0.159, p = 0.042), and possessing acceptable (β = 4.375, p = 0.001) or good knowledge of diabetes (β = 5.893, p = 0.004). The presence of neuropathy negatively impacted self-care, while diabetes nephropathy had a positive impact on self care (β = -4.053, p = 0.003).
    CONCLUSIONS: Elderly individuals with type 2 diabetes in HUSM have a moderate score of diabetes self-care practice based on the MEDSCaQ. Determinants for good diabetes self-care include race, social support, having care-takers during periods of illness, diabetes knowledge, and diabetic microvascular complications.
    Study site: outpatient department, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM), Kelantan, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Outpatients
  7. Shortened activated partial thromboplastin time, a hemostatic marker for hypercoagulable state during acute coronary event
    Abdullah WZ, Moufak SK, Yusof Z, Mohamad MS, Kamarul IM
    Transl Res, 2010 Jun;155(6):315-9.
    PMID: 20478546 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2010.02.001
    Various factors may contribute to a hypercoagulable state and acute vascular thrombosis. A prospective study was conducted involving 165 coronary heart disease (CHD) patients from the Cardiology Unit, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among factor VIII (FVIII), prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), and activated protein C resistance (APC-R) state among CHD patients and to look for potential clinical applications from these laboratory findings. There were 110 cases diagnosed as acute coronary syndrome (ACS), whereas another 55 were stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) patients. PT, APTT, FVIII, and APC-R assays were performed on all subjects. There was a significant difference between the FVIII level and the APTT results (P value < 0.0001). A negative relationship was found between the FVIII level and the APTT from linear regression analysis (R(2) = 10%, P value < 0.0001). For each 1% increase in the FVIII level, the APTT was reduced by 0.013 s (95% confidence interval (CI) between -0.019 and -0.007). Interestingly, none of the SCAD patients had abnormally short APTT. Approximately 68.4% of cases with a positive APC-R assay were found to have a high FVIII level. In conclusion, the APTT test is a potential hemostatic marker for hypercoagulable state including in arterial thrombosis.
    Study site: Cardiology unit (outpatient and inpatient), Hospital Universisti Sains Malaysia (HUSM), Kelantan, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Outpatients
  8. Knowledge of HIV/AIDS among pregnant women in an urban health clinic - a preliminary study
    Vinothini A, Khoo EM, Kamarulzaman A
    Family Physician, 2005;13(1):10-15.
    Introduction. The aim of this study is to determine pregnant women's knowledge regarding AIDS and to identify factors affecting their knowledge This information would provide some baseline data in designing health education measures for this target group.
    Methods. A face-to-face interview was carried out on one-hundred pregnant women attending an urban antenatal clinic in Malaysia between October and November 1999.
    Results. The mean age of the women was 27.8 years old (SD = 5.0, range 20 - 40 years). In general, these women had good knowledge of HIV and AIDS. More than 80% of them were aware of the main modes of HIV transmission. However, only half knew that HIV could be transmitted through breastfeeding. Sixty percent of women had the misconception that the virus could be acquired through blood donation. There was a lack of knowledge regarding the symptoms and the progression of AIDS. More than 90% of the women knew that AIDS is incurable. Three quarters of them were aware that early treatment can slow down the progression of the disease, but only 16% knew that maternal HIV transmission can be reduced by treatment. Good knowledge was positively correlated with higher level of education (p<0.05).
    Discussion. Although health education programs in Malaysia have succeeded in educating pregnant women regarding AIDS in general, certain important information is still not being disseminated. Future health education should formulate targeted strategies to overcome this problem.
    Matched MeSH terms: Outpatients
  9. Fulltext Children of divorced parents seen in an outpatient child and family consultation clinic
    Shariff MA, Kassim K
    Family Physician, 1989;1:28-30.
    Six cases of children of divorced parents are discussed. Their presentations are described and other relevant findings are mentioned. It is interesting to note that in the majority of the cases, the caretakers had difficulties in looking after the children and hence brought them to seek treatment.

    Study site: Psychiatric clinic, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Outpatients
  10. Fulltext Structured periodic rehabilitation intervention sessions to stroke patients. a longitudinal review
    Aziz, N.A., Nashrah, H., Fadilah A.Z., Ali, M.F., Zawawi, S., Katijah, A.
    Medicine & Health, 2011;6(2):114-122.
    MyJurnal
    Despite evidence showing that structured rehabilitation after stroke improves functional outcomes, providing seamless rehabilitation from hospital to community has been elusive. The service provided should be able to accommodate variable degree of impairments and needs of the stroke survivors. This study aimed to assess the outcome of a multidisciplinary-based outpatient rehabilitation service for stroke patients living in the community. Patients who were discharged from Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre after an acute stroke were referred to the Combined Stroke Rehabilitation Clinic (CSRC). Post stroke patients were assigned individually designed programs which were problem based and used task specific activities to achieve desired goals. Patients were reviewed on a regular basis either up to completion of the 2 year program, or are able to be discharged to the community, whichever is earlier. Modified Barthel Index (MBI) and Berg Balance Scores (BBS) were used for monitoring. A total of 68 patients were managed in CSRC for two years since its initiation, with mean age of 62.4 years (SD 12.4) with the mean duration of stroke when first reviewed in CSRC was 11.5 months (SD 11.9). Majority of patients (64.7%) received either two or three types of intervention. Both MBI and BBS demonstrated significant improvement over 12-months period (p value of 0.006 and 0.017 respectively). CSRC proved that structured rehabilitation intervention was beneficial in terms of functional status and improvement in balance to post-stroke patients.
    Study site: Combined Stroke Rehabiltation clinics, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (PPUKM), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Outpatients
  11. Fulltext Is the Edinburgh Claudication Questionnaire a good screening tool for detection of peripheral arterial disease in diabetic patients?
    Khatoon R, Khoo EM
    Asia Pac Fam Med, 2007;6(1).
    Aims: To determine whether the Edinburgh Claudication Questionnaire (ECQ) can be used as a screening tool for detecting peripheral arterial disease in patients with diabetes mellitus. 
    Methods: A cross-sectional study of 200 patients with diabetes over 18 years of age who attended a primary care clinic at a teaching hospital in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Face-to-face interviews were conducted using the ECQ for the presence of intermittent claudication. Blood pressure and peripheral neuropathy were assessed. Ankle brachial pressure index (ABPI) was measured and used as a gold standard for the diagnosis of eripheral arterial disease (PAD), which was defined as an ABPI of < 0.9 on either leg. 
    Results: The overall prevalence of PAD was found to be 16% among patients with diabetes based on ABPI. Among these 32 patients with PAD, eight (25%) had symptoms of intermittent claudication based on the ECQ. The ECQ was found to have a low sensitivity (25%) but a high specificity (99.4%), with a positive predictive value of 88.9% and a negative predictive value of 88% for diagnosing PAD in patients with diabetes. 
    Conclusions: The ECQ is not a good screening tool for detection of PAD among patients with diabetes due to its low sensitivity. Key words: ankle brachial pressure, diabetes mellitus, Edinburgh Claudication Questionnaires, intermittent claudication, peripheral arterial disease.
    Matched MeSH terms: Outpatients
  12. Fulltext The use of SEBA-MED in the management of eczema in children
    Khoo PC
    Family Practitioner, 1986;9(2):46-47.
    The efficacy of SEBA-MED. a synthetic detergent recommended for use on eczematous skin (especially seborrhoeic eczema), acne vulgaris, furunculosis and mycosis, was evaluated as an adjunctive agent in the management of childhood eczema. 50 patients with eczema from the Paediatric Skin Outpatient Clinic, University Hospital, were studied. Preliminary results of this trial show that SEBA-MED is well-tolerated as a cleansing agent in childhood eczema with no side effects noted. However, as atopic eczema is associated with dry skin in the majority of cases, the concomitant use of 'refatting' agents (such as SEBA-MED cream/lotion) is recommended.
    Study site: Skin clinic, University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Outpatients
  13. Fulltext Interactive virtual medication counselling in outpatient pharmacy: An accessible and safe patient counselling method during the COVID-19 pandemic
    Yong WY, Chang CT, Chew CC, Khoo TE
    Res Social Adm Pharm, 2021 Oct;17(10):1860-1862.
    PMID: 34272201 DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2021.07.002
    Matched MeSH terms: Outpatients
  14. Fulltext Real-world effectiveness and safety of ranibizumab for the treatment of myopic choroidal neovascularization: Results from the LUMINOUS study
    Hamilton RD, Clemens A, Minnella AM, Lai TYY, Dai H, Sakamoto T, et al.
    PLoS One, 2020;15(1):e0227557.
    PMID: 31961888 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227557
    PURPOSE: To assess the 1-year effectiveness, safety, and treatment patterns of ranibizumab in patients with myopic choroidal neovascularization (mCNV) enrolled in the LUMINOUS study.

    METHODS: This 5-year, prospective, multicenter, observational, study enrolled 30,138 patients across all approved ranibizumab indications from outpatient ophthalmology clinics. 297 consenting patients (≥18 years) with mCNV who were treatment-naïve or prior-treated with ranibizumab or other ocular treatments were enrolled, and treated with ranibizumab according to the local product label. The main outcomes are visual acuity (VA; Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study letters or equivalent), adverse events during the study, and treatment exposure over 1 year. Results are presented by prior treatment status of the study eye and injection frequency.

    RESULTS: Of the 297 mCNV patients recruited in the study, 108 were treatment-naïve and 175 were prior ranibizumab-treated. At baseline, the mean age of patients was 57.6 years, and 59.0 years and 80.6% and 65.7% were female in the treatment-naïve and prior ranibizumab-treated groups, respectively. Most were Caucasian (treatment-naïve, 88.9%; prior ranibizumab-treated, 86.9%). The mean (±standard deviation [SD]) VA letter changes to 1 year were +9.7 (±17.99) from 49.5 (±20.51) and +1.5 (±13.15) from 58.5 (±19.79) and these were achieved with a mean (SD) of 3.0 (±1.58) and 2.6 (±2.33) injections in the treatment-naïve and prior ranibizumab-treated groups, respectively. Presented by injection frequencies 1-2, 3-4 and ≥5 injections in Year 1, the mean (SD) VA changes were +15.0 (±14.70), +7.7 (±19.91) and -0.7 (±16.05) in treatment-naïve patients and +1.5 (±14.57), +3.1 (±11.53) and -3.6 (±11.97) in prior ranibizumab-treated patients, respectively. The safety profile was comparable with previous ranibizumab studies.

    CONCLUSIONS: Ranibizumab treatment for mCNV showed robust VA gains in treatment-naïve patients and VA maintenance in prior ranibizumab-treated patients in a clinical practice setting, consisting mainly of Caucasians. No new safety signals were observed during the study.

    Matched MeSH terms: Outpatients
  15. Fulltext A survey of medical certificates issued by primary care doctors at Universiti Sains Malaysia
    Lane MJ
    Family Physician, 1996;8(1&2):21-24.
    985 medical certificates issued by primary care doctors at the Klinik Perubatan Masyarakat and the staff health clinic at Universiti Sains Malaysia were analysed. Most common diagnoses were URTls, conjunctivitis, and gastro-enteritis. Mean duration of absence ranged from 1.3 to 3.4 days. HUSM staff with skin infections were given certificates nearly twice more often than the public. Backache earned more time off for the staff compared to the public. There is a need to formulate guidelines for medical certificates.

    Study site: Klinik Perubatan Masyarakat and the staff health clinic at Universiti Sains Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Outpatients
  16. Fulltext Comparing the cost, glycaemic control and medication adherence of utilizing patients' own medicines (POMs) versus usual dispensing among diabetic patients in an outpatient setting
    Lim PC, Chung YY, Tan SJ, Wong TY, Permalu DD, Cheah TK, et al.
    Daru, 2021 Jun;29(1):125-132.
    PMID: 33538999 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-021-00389-6
    BACKGROUND: Millions worth of unused drugs particularly those indicated for chronic diseases such as diabetes were returned and disposed leading to substantial wastage. Use of patients' own medications (POMs) in the inpatient setting has reduced wastage and saved cost. The impact of utilizing POMs in the outpatient setting has hitherto not been determined.

    PURPOSE: This study aims to compare the cost, medication adherence and glycaemic control of utilizing POMs versus usual dispensing.

    METHODS: Prospective randomized controlled study was conducted among diabetic patients that required monthly medication refill in the Outpatient Pharmacy in 2017. Patients who consented were equally divided into POMs and control groups. Both groups brought excess medications from home at week-0 and week-12. Patients in the POMs group brought excess medications monthly and sufficient amount of drugs were added until the next refill date. Drugs were dispensed as usual in the control group. Total cost consisting of the cost of drugs, staff and building was calculated. Glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c) was measured at baseline and week-12. Adherence was measured based on pill counting.

    RESULTS: Thirty patients aged 56.77 ± 14.67 years with 13.37 ± 7.36 years of diabetes participated. Baseline characteristics were similar between the groups. POMs minimized the total cost by 38.96% which translated to a cost saving of USD 42.76 ± 6.98, significantly different versus USD 0.02 ± 0.52 in the control group, p = 0.025. Mean HbA1c reduced significantly (-0.79%, p = 0.016) in the POMs group but not significant in the control group (-0.11%, p = 0.740). Medication adherence improved significantly in both groups at week-12 (p 

    Matched MeSH terms: Outpatients
  17. Fulltext An overview of the characteristics of the novel avian influenza A H7N9 virus in humans
    Tan KX, Jacob SA, Chan KG, Lee LH
    Front Microbiol, 2015;6:140.
    PMID: 25798131 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.00140
    The novel avian influenza A H7N9 virus which caused the first human infection in Shanghai, China; was reported on the 31st of March 2013 before spreading rapidly to other Chinese provinces and municipal cities. This is the first time the low pathogenic avian influenza A virus has caused human infections and deaths; with cases of severe respiratory disease with pneumonia being reported. There were 440 confirmed cases with 122 fatalities by 16 May 2014; with a fatality risk of ∼28%. The median age of patients was 61 years with a male-to-female ratio of 2.4:1. The main source of infection was identified as exposure to poultry and there is so far no definitive evidence of sustained person-to-person transmission. The neuraminidase inhibitors, namely oseltamivir, zanamivir, and peramivir; have shown good efficacy in the management of the novel H7N9 virus. Treatment is recommended for all hospitalized patients, and for confirmed and probable outpatient cases; and should ideally be initiated within 48 h of the onset of illness for the best outcome. Phylogenetic analysis found that the novel H7N9 virus is avian in origin and evolved from multiple reassortments of at least four origins. Indeed the novel H7N9 virus acquired human adaptation via mutations in its eight RNA gene segments. Enhanced surveillance and effective global control are essential to prevent pandemic outbreaks of the novel H7N9 virus.
    Matched MeSH terms: Outpatients
  18. Outpatient management of diabetes mellitus
    Lee YS
    Family Practitioner, 1984;7(1):53-56.
    Matched MeSH terms: Outpatients
  19. Fulltext Behaviour therapy in psychiatric outpatients
    Ko SM, Tan SL, Leong B
    Singapore Med J, 1996 Apr;37(2):168-71.
    PMID: 8942256
    In a prospective study of fifty consecutive outpatients (30 men and 20 women) attending the Behaviour Therapy Clinic at a general hospital, the commonest conditions were obsessive compulsive disorders (n = 16), phobic disorders (n = 11) and generalised anxiety disorders (n = 9). Three-quarters of the referrals were from psychiatrists and family physicians. The patients received between 2 to 10 sessions of behaviour treatment; most had 4 to 6 sessions with a mean of 4.7, SD 1.82. The commonest behavioural techniques administered were exposure therapy with response prevention and relaxation therapy. Initially, treatment was therapist-aided, but subsequently self-help was encouraged with regular reviews of the patient's homework. After one month, 42 patients (84%) were assessed to have improved somewhat, with 20 (40%) showing moderate improvement. After three months, 41 (82%) continued to improve, with 33 (66%) showing moderate to great improvement. Nine patients were considered to have failed in therapy-six defaulted and three were non-responders. The reasons for defaulting treatment were unwillingness to bear with the discomfort involved in exposure therapy, lack of motivation or returning to own hometown in Malaysia. Sixteen patients (n = 32%) were treated solely with behavioural techniques while the rest had a combination of behaviour therapy and drugs, especially anxiolytics and antidepressants. However, at the end of treatment, the dosages of most medications were reduced or else discontinued completely.

    Study site: Behavior therapy clinic at a general hospital
    Matched MeSH terms: Outpatients
  20. Fulltext A portal recording system for the assessment of patients with sleep apnoea syndrome
    Liam CK
    Med J Malaysia, 1996 Mar;51(1):82-8.
    PMID: 10967984
    The gold standard for the diagnosis and evaluation of sleep apnoea is overnight polysomnography. However, full polysomnography is an expensive and labour intensive procedure which requires the patient to sleep overnight in a hospital sleep laboratory. This paper describes the use of a commercial ambulatory microprocessor based system (Edentrace II) for the evaluation of fifteen patients aged 24 to 68 years with clinical features suggestive of sleep apnoea syndrome. With this portable recording system, sleep studies can be carried out unattended in a hospital ward and computer-assisted scoring of respiratory events can be performed.
    Study site: Chest clinic, wards, University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Outpatient Clinics, Hospital; Outpatients*
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