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Fulltext Risk factors for anti tuberculous drugs induced hepatitis: a prospective survey from a chest clinic in a general hospital

Fauzi ARM, Shah A, Rathor MY, Satwi S

Med J Malaysia, 2004 Mar;59(1):72-7.
PMID: 15535339

A prospective survey on 14 consecutive cases with tuberculous drug induced hepatitis was done at our chest clinic in a state general hospital over a period of 15 months. There were 30 controls chosen randomly from the chest clinic register. The cases had lower mean body mass index (P<0.008), serum albumin (P<0.005) and higher serum globulin (P<0.04). Serum liver transaminases and total bilirubin rose significantly during the acute episode of drug induced hepatitis. Among the risk factors studied, only chronic hepatitis B carrier status was found to be more prevalent among the cases. There was one death (7.1%) over the whole study period.
Study site: Chest clinic, Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan (HTAA), Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Regression Analysis
Risk factors associated with unconjugated neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in Malaysian neonates

Wong F, Boo N, Othman A

J Trop Pediatr, 2013 Aug;59(4):280-5.
PMID: 23640907 DOI: 10.1093/tropej/fmt023

To investigate the risk factors associated with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in Malaysian neonates.

Matched MeSH terms: Regression Analysis
Risk factors associated with subaponeurotic haemorrhage in full-term infants exposed to vacuum extraction

Boo NY, Foong KW, Mahdy ZA, Yong SC, Jaafar R

BJOG, 2005 Nov;112(11):1516-21.
PMID: 16225572

To determine obstetric and neonatal risk factors associated with subaponeurotic haemorrhage (SAH) in infants exposed to vacuum extraction.

Matched MeSH terms: Regression Analysis
Risk factors associated with hearing loss in term neonates with hyperbilirubinaemia

Boo NY, Oakes M, Lye MS, Said H

J Trop Pediatr, 1994 Aug;40(4):194-7.
PMID: 7932930

A study of 128 jaundiced term neonates showed that 28 (22 per cent) had hearing loss based on brain stem-evoked response. There was no significant difference in the percentage of neonates with hearing loss between those with peak serum bilirubin levels of less than 340 mumol/l (16 per cent) and those with hyperbilirubinaemia > 339 mumol/l (33 per cent) (P = 0.11). Logistic regression analysis showed that severe jaundice which required exchange transfusion and earlier age of onset of hyperbilirubinaemia were statistically significant risk factors associated with hearing loss (P = 0.038 and P = 0.012, respectively).

Matched MeSH terms: Regression Analysis
Fulltext Ridge regression and its applications in genetic studies

Arashi M, Roozbeh M, Hamzah NA, Gasparini M

PLoS One, 2021;16(4):e0245376.
PMID: 33831027 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245376

With the advancement of technology, analysis of large-scale data of gene expression is feasible and has become very popular in the era of machine learning. This paper develops an improved ridge approach for the genome regression modeling. When multicollinearity exists in the data set with outliers, we consider a robust ridge estimator, namely the rank ridge regression estimator, for parameter estimation and prediction. On the other hand, the efficiency of the rank ridge regression estimator is highly dependent on the ridge parameter. In general, it is difficult to provide a satisfactory answer about the selection for the ridge parameter. Because of the good properties of generalized cross validation (GCV) and its simplicity, we use it to choose the optimum value of the ridge parameter. The GCV function creates a balance between the precision of the estimators and the bias caused by the ridge estimation. It behaves like an improved estimator of risk and can be used when the number of explanatory variables is larger than the sample size in high-dimensional problems. Finally, some numerical illustrations are given to support our findings.

Matched MeSH terms: Regression Analysis
Response surface analysis and modeling of n-alkanes removal through bioremediation of weathered crude oil

Mohajeri L, Abdul Aziz H, Ali Zahed M, Mohajeri S, Mohamed Kutty SR, Hasnain Isa M

Water Sci Technol, 2011;63(4):618-26.
PMID: 21330705 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2011.211

Central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology (RSM) were employed to optimize four important variables, i.e. amounts of oil, bacterial inoculum, nitrogen and phosphorus, for the removal of selected n-alkanes during bioremediation of weathered crude oil in coastal sediments using laboratory bioreactors over a 60 day experimentation period. The reactors contained 1 kg soil with different oil, microorganisms and nutrients concentrations. The F Value of 26.89 and the probability value (P < 0.0001) demonstrated significance of the regression model. For crude oil concentration of 2, 16 and 30 g per kg sediments and under optimized conditions, n-alkanes removal was 97.38, 93.14 and 90.21% respectively. Natural attenuation removed 30.07, 25.92 and 23.09% n-alkanes from 2, 16 and 30 g oil/kg sediments respectively. Excessive nutrients addition was found to inhibit bioremediation.

Matched MeSH terms: Regression Analysis
Fulltext Reliability and validity of the Nigerian (Hausa) version of the Stroke Impact Scale (SIS) 3.0 index

Mohammad AH, Al-Sadat N, Siew Yim L, Chinna K

Biomed Res Int, 2014;2014:302097.
PMID: 25276774 DOI: 10.1155/2014/302097

This study aims to test the translated Hausa version of the stroke impact scale SIS (3.0) and further evaluate its psychometric properties. The SIS 3.0 was translated from English into Hausa and was tested for its reliability and validity on a stratified random sample adult stroke survivors attending rehabilitation services at stroke referral hospitals in Kano, Nigeria. Psychometric analysis of the Hausa-SIS 3.0 involved face, content, criterion, and construct validity tests as well as internal and test-retest reliability. In reliability analyses, the Cronbach's alpha values for the items in Strength, Hand function, Mobility, ADL/IADL, Memory and thinking, Communication, Emotion, and Social participation domains were 0.80, 0.92, 0.90, 0.78, 0.84, 0.89, 0.58, and 0.74, respectively. There are 8 domains in stroke impact scale 3.0 in confirmatory factory analysis; some of the items in the Hausa-SIS questionnaire have to be dropped due to lack of discriminate validity. In the final analysis, a parsimonious model was obtained with two items per construct for the 8 constructs (Chi-square/df < 3, TLI and CFI > 0.9, and RMSEA < 0.08). Cross validation with 1000 bootstrap samples gave a satisfactory result (P = 0.011). In conclusion, the shorter 16-item Hausa-SIS seems to measure adequately the QOL outcomes in the 8 domains.

Matched MeSH terms: Regression Analysis
Relationship between urinary incontinence and quality of life of older persons in Malaysia

Taufik Ramli MH, Lodz NA, Abdul Aziz FA, Maw Pin T, Alias N, Abdul Mutalip MH, et al.

Geriatr Gerontol Int, 2020 Dec;20 Suppl 2:38-42.
PMID: 33370861 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14028

AIMS: As the Malaysian population is aging rapidly, there is an urgent need for an effective management plan for healthy aging, to extend life expectancy and to improve quality of life (QoL). Urinary incontinence (UI), which is common in older persons, is often linked to reduced QoL. This study aimed to determine the effects of UI on QoL among older persons in Malaysia.
METHODS: This study was based on data obtained from 3716 Malaysians aged ≥60 years as part of the National Health and Morbidity Survey (NHMS) 2018. QoL was measured using the Control, Autonomy, Self-realization and Pleasure 19-item (CASP-19) questionnaire. UI was measured using the Questionnaire Urinary Incontinence Diagnosis (QUID) score. Association between UI and QoL were examined using linear regression analysis, after controlling socio-demographic variables and comorbidities.
RESULTS: Overall, the prevalence of UI was 5.2%. By subtypes, the prevalence of stress UI and urge UI were both 2.0%, while that of mixed UI was 1.3%. The UI group rated their lives more negatively in all four domains of QoL compared with non-UI group. Those who were incontinent had lower standardized scores on control and autonomy domains of CASP-19 as well as total score. Results from linear regression analysis indicated that UI had a significantly negative impact on control and autonomy domains of QoL after controlling for socio-demographic factors and comorbidities.
CONCLUSION: UI contributes to a significant reduction on QoL of older persons. Healthcare providers need to be sensitive in evaluating and discussing UI, particularly with their older patients. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; 20: 38-42.

Matched MeSH terms: Regression Analysis
Relationship between education and cognitive performance among healthy Malay adults

Amir Hamzah A, Abu Bakar Z, Abdul Sani N, Tan JK, Ahmad Damanhuri M, Makpol S, et al.

Sains Malaysiana, 2016;45:1371-1380.

Higher level of education is associated with better cognitive performance and lower risk of developing dementia. However, the effect of education on cognitive performance varies across different cognitive domains and in different populations. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between education and performance of different cognitive domains among healthy Malay adults. A total of 53 individuals aged 29 to 77 years participated in a battery of neurophysiological tests consisting of Mini-Mental State Examination, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, digit span, visual reproduction and digit symbol speed test (DSST). Blood test was performed for each participant to obtain their biochemical profile. Educational level was divided into level 1 (PMR), level 2 (SPM), level 3 (STPM), level 4 (Diploma) and level 5 (Degree). Simple linear regression indicated that years of education was positively associated with scores of delayed visual reproduction (b=1.348, p=0.002) and DSST (b=3.257, p=0.012). However, scores of all the tests were not significantly different among different levels of education after controlling for age, gender and blood test profile by ANCOVA. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that MMSE score was associated with red cell distribution width (b=-0.628, p=0.005), age (b=-0.119, p<0.001) and there was interaction between high density lipoprotein (HDL) with age (b=0.047, p<001). MoCA score was associated with age (b=-0.121, p<0.001), gender (male compared to female, b=1.870, p=0.020) and HDL (b=1.681, p=0.047). Age was associated with backward digit span (b=-0098, p<0.001) and immediate visual reproduction (b=-0.348, p<0.001), resp. Delayed visual reproduction was associated with age (b=-0.323, p<0.001) and potassium level (b=-4.471, p=0.016). DSST was associated with age (b=-0.911, p<0.001) and alanine aminotransferase (b=-0.754, p=0.002). The lack of association between educational level and cognitive performance after adjusting for confounders in this study maybe due to multiple factors influencing cognitive performance and further studies with a larger sample size are needed to further identify the factors involved.
Keywords: Cognitive performance; education; healthy Malay adults
ABSTRAK
Tahap pendidikan yang tinggi telah dikaitkan dengan prestasi kognitif yang lebih baik dan risiko perkembangan dementia yang lebih rendah. Namun, kesan pendidikan terhadap prestasi kognitif berbeza antara domain kognitif dan populasi yang berlainan. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan hubungan antara pendidikan dengan prestasi pada domain kognitif yang berlainan pada individu dewasa Melayu yang sihat. Seramai 53 individu yang berumur antara 29 hingga 77 tahun telah menyertai ujian neuropsikologi yang terdiri daripada Pemeriksaan Keadaan Mental Mini, Penilaian Kognitif Montreal, digit span, penghasilan semula visual dan ujian kelajuan simbol digit (DSST). Tahap pendidikan dibahagikan kepada tahap 1 (PMR), tahap 2 (SPM), tahap 3 (STPM), tahap 4 (Diploma) dan tahap 5 (Ijazah Sarjana Muda). Regresi linear mudah menunjukkan bahawa tahap pendidikan berhubung kait secara positif dengan penghasilan semula visual tertunda (b=1.348, p=0.002) dan DSST (b=3.257, p=0.012). Namun, semua skor ujian menjadi tidak berbeza antara tahap pendidikan yang berbeza selepas mengambil kira kesan konpengasas dengan menggunakan ANCOVA. Regresi linear berganda menunjukkan bahawa skor MMSE berhubung kait dengan lebar taburan sel merah (b=-0.628, p=0.005), umur (b=-0.119, p<0.001) dan interaksi antara lipoprotein ketumpatan tinggi (HDL) dan umur (b=0.047, p<001). MoCA didapati berhubung kait dengan umur (b=-0.121, p<0.001), jantina (lelaki berbanding perempuan, b=1.870, p=0.020) dan HDL (b=1.681, p=0.047). Umur juga berhubung kait dengan digit span ke belakang (b=-0098, P<0.001) dan penghasilan semula visual segera (b=-0.348, p<0.001). Penghasilan semula visual tertunda berhubung kait dengan umur (b=-0.323, p<0.001) dan tahap kalium (b=-4.471, p=0.016). DSST berhubung kait dengan umur (b=-0.911, p<0.001) dan alanin aminotransferase (b=-0.754, p=0.002). Hubungan antara tahap pendidikan dan prestasi kognitif tidak dikesan selepas mengambil kira kesan konpengasas yang mencadangkan bahawa prestasi kognitif mungkin dipengaruhi oleh pelbagai faktor dan kajian lanjut dengan bilangan sampel yang lebih besar diperlukan untuk mengenal pasti faktor ini.

Matched MeSH terms: Regression Analysis
Fulltext Relationship between anthropometric characteristics and aerobic fitness among Malaysian men and women

Razak S, Justine M, Mohan V

J Exerc Rehabil, 2021 Feb;17(1):52-58.
PMID: 33728289 DOI: 10.12965/jer.2142026.013

This cross-sectional study evaluated the relationships between anthropometric and aerobic fitness (rate of perceived exertion [RPE] and predicted maximal oxygen uptake [VO2max]) among 228 participants (age: 23.78±4.42 years). RPE and predicted VO2max were determined during the cycle ergometer exercise test. Data were also obtained for height, weight, body mass index (BMI), hip and waist (WC) circumferences. Data analysis revealed VO2max is correlated with WC (r=-0.571), weight (r=-0.521), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) (r=-0.516), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) (r=-0.487), and BMI (r=-0.47) in men, while, in women with WC (r=-0.581), weight (r=-0.571), WHtR (r=-0.545), BMI (r=-0.545), WHR (r=-0.473), and height (r=-0.287) (all P<0.05). Regression analysis showed WC was a significant predictor for VO2max in men and women (r2=32.6% vs. 33.7%). The receiver operating characteristic curve of WC showed 0.786 and 0.831 for men and women, respectively. WC or abdominal obesity is the strongest predictor for VO2max, which is an indicator of aerobic fitness in Malaysian adults.

Matched MeSH terms: Regression Analysis
Fulltext Relationship between anthropometric and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry measures to assess total and regional adiposity in Malaysian adolescents

Foo LH, Teo PS, Abdullah NF, Aziz ME, Hills AP

Asia Pac J Clin Nutr, 2013;22(3):348-56.
PMID: 23945404 DOI: 10.6133/apjcn.2013.22.3.02

The main objective of this paper was to determine the utility of various anthropometric measures to assess total and regional body fatness using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) as the criterion in 454 adolescent boys and girls aged 12-19 years. Multivariable regression analyses of gender-specific and gender-combined models were used to determine anthropometric measures on DXA-derived body fatness models, after adjusting for known confounding biological factors. Partial correlation analyses, after adjusting for age, pubertal growth status and ethnicity in boys and girls, showed that body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and waist-height ratio (WhtR) were significantly correlated with total body fat (TBF), percent body fat (%BF), android region fat (ARF) and trunk fat (TF) (all p<0.0001). BMI was the greatest independent determinant, contributing 43.8%-80.9% of the total variance for DXA-derived body fatness models. Results confirmed that a simple anthropometric index such as the BMI is a good surrogate indicator of body fat levels in Malay and Chinese adolescents.

Matched MeSH terms: Regression Analysis
Fulltext Relationship between ISO 9001:2015 and operational and business performance of manufacturing industries in a developing country (Indonesia)

Nurcahyo R, Zulfadlillah, Habiburrahman M

Heliyon, 2021 Jan;7(1):e05537.
PMID: 33506119 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05537

Previous research has emphasized the need to further investigate the impact of ISO 9001 on company performance in the manufacturing sector of developing countries. Indonesia is one of those developing countries where the implementation of ISO 9001 is yet to be adequately researched. The Indonesian automotive manufacturing industry is still unable to compete with Malaysia and Thailand even though many companies have implemented ISO 9001. This study aimed to examine the relationship between ISO 9001 and operational (productivity, customer satisfaction, and product quality) and business (sales growth, profit rate, and market share) performance of Indonesian automotive component manufacturing industries. It also aimed to identify major obstacles in the effective implementation of ISO 9001. Multiple linear regression analyses about operational and business performance were employed for this purpose. The sample size comprised 50 automotive component manufacturing industries located in the Jakarta, Bogor, Tangerang, and Bekasi region of Indonesia. The study demonstrates that the implementation of the ISO 9001:2015 quality management system has a significant positive impact on the operational performance as well as the business performance. Additionally, the operational performance has a significant positive impact on the business performance. This study also reveals the major obstacles in the effective implementation of ISO 9001 in the manufacturing industry, which include a lack of qualified personnel, inadequate training, employee resistance, and lack of commitment among top-level management executives. It offers clear implications for managers who focus on elements that will enhance the effectiveness of ISO 9001 implementation by choosing the correct strategies, allocating sufficient resources, and improving their firm's performance. The novelty of this study lies in filling the existing research gap, which involves a detailed examination of the relationship between the implementation of ISO 9001 and the company's performance, particularly in manufacturing industries of developing countries.

Matched MeSH terms: Regression Analysis
Fulltext Regular meals with family and its association with children’s BMI In Kota Kinabalu, Sabah

Alvin Oliver Payus, Constance Liew Sat Lin, Chandrika Murugaiah, Symeon Mandrinos, Rajesh Kumar Muniandy, Malehah Mohd Noh, et al.

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(105):32-0.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Nutrition is an issue of great academic and public importance. However, there is evidence that parents do not have family breakfast, lunch or dinner with their children. This study aims to assess the prevalence of having regular family breakfast, lunch, dinner among primary school children age 7 to 12 years in Kota Kinabalu and its association with children’s weight status. Methods: The study is based on 485 children (mean age: 11.5+/-0.7 years, 54% girls) randomly selected in five primary schools in Kota Kinabalu who participated in a cross-sectional school- based survey in 2019. Data on family meals were self-reported by the parents by answering a validated question- naire. Children’s height and weight were measured to determine BMI status. Binary regression analyses assessed the associations of having regular family meals with children’s obesity status and to assess potential differences in having family meals according to gender and parental education. Results: The mean BMI male gender 24.3 ± 4.05 versus mean BMI female gender 17.9 ± 3.62 from 7 to 12 years old. The father mean BMI was 33.2 ± 8.24 versus 26.17 ±
9.63 mean BMI in mother from 32 to 52 years old. The prevalence of obesity within five (5) selected schools in Kota Kinabalu was only 13.2%. Regarding potential socio-demographic determinants, children of higher educated parents (STPM, DIPLOMA)[OR = 1.85 (95% CI 1.20–2.85)] were more likely to have breakfast together, while children of lower educated parents (SRP, SPM) [OR = 1.08 (95% CI 0.91–1.44)] were more likely to have dinner together. No significant associations of having family meals with gender observed. The prevalence of regular family meals was 94.6%, 74.17% and 93.8% for breakfast, lunch and dinner respectively. Conclusion: This study showed that having regular family breakfast, lunch and dinner was associated with children normal BMI between 18.50-24.99.

Matched MeSH terms: Regression Analysis
Regression models for sediment transport in tropical rivers

Harun MA, Safari MJS, Gul E, Ab Ghani A

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2021 Oct;28(38):53097-53115.
PMID: 34023993 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14479-0

The investigation of sediment transport in tropical rivers is essential for planning effective integrated river basin management to predict the changes in rivers. The characteristics of rivers and sediment in the tropical region are different compared to those of the rivers in Europe and the USA, where the median sediment size tends to be much more refined. The origins of the rivers are mainly tropical forests. Due to the complexity of determining sediment transport, many sediment transport equations were recommended in the literature. However, the accuracy of the prediction results remains low, particularly for the tropical rivers. The majority of the existing equations were developed using multiple non-linear regression (MNLR). Machine learning has recently been the method of choice to increase model prediction accuracy in complex hydrological problems. Compared to the conventional MNLR method, machine learning algorithms have advanced and can produce a useful prediction model. In this research, three machine learning models, namely evolutionary polynomial regression (EPR), multi-gene genetic programming (MGGP) and M5 tree model (M5P), were implemented to model sediment transport for rivers in Malaysia. The formulated variables for the prediction model were originated from the revised equations reported in the relevant literature for Malaysian rivers. Among the three machine learning models, in terms of different statistical measurement criteria, EPR gives the best prediction model, followed by MGGP and M5P. Machine learning is excellent at improving the prediction distribution of high data values but lacks accuracy compared to observations of lower data values. These results indicate that further study needs to be done to improve the machine learning model's accuracy to predict sediment transport.

Matched MeSH terms: Regression Analysis
Regression methods to investigate the relationship between facial measurements and widths of the maxillary anterior teeth

Isa ZM, Tawfiq OF, Noor NM, Shamsudheen MI, Rijal OM

J Prosthet Dent, 2010 Mar;103(3):182-8.
PMID: 20188241 DOI: 10.1016/S0022-3913(10)60028-5

In rehabilitating edentulous patients, selecting appropriately sized teeth in the absence of preextraction records is problematic.

Matched MeSH terms: Regression Analysis
Regression equations to estimate the 2-min walk distance in an adult Asian population aged 40-75 years

Mirza FT, Jenkins S, Justine M, Cecins N, Hill K

Respirology, 2018 Jul;23(7):674-680.
PMID: 29446206 DOI: 10.1111/resp.13262

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: There is increased use of the 2-min walk test (2MWT) to assess functional exercise capacity. However, the distance achieved during this test may be difficult to interpret in the absence of reference values from a local population. Regression equations to estimate the 2-min walk distance (2MWD) only exist for American and Brazilian populations. The objective of this study was to develop regression equations to estimate the 2MWD in Malaysian adults who were free from major health problems.
METHODS: Eighty-seven adults (43 males; mean ± SD age: 57.1 ± 9.6 years) performed two 2MWT using a standardized protocol. Heart rate (HR) was recorded every 30 s during the test. Stepwise multiple regression analysis was performed using age, gender, height, weight and change in HR (ΔHR) as independent variables, and better of the two 2MWD as the dependent variable. A second regression equation, without ΔHR, was planned if ΔHR was retained as one of the predictors of the 2MWD in the first equation.
RESULTS: The better of the two 2MWD was 200 ± 34 m. Males walked 33 ± 6 m further than females (P < 0.001). The two regression equations were 196 - 1.1 × age, years + 1.0 × ΔHR, bpm + 31.2 × gender (R2 = 0.73) and 279 - 1.7 × age, years + 35.9 × gender (R2 = 0.47) with females = 0 and males = 1.
CONCLUSION: The equations derived in this study may facilitate the interpretation of the 2MWD in clinical populations in Malaysia, as well as in countries with similar cultural backgrounds to Malaysia.
Study site: volunteers from four villages in the Batu sub-district, Gombak, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Regression Analysis
Regression equations for sex and population detection using the lip print pattern among Egyptian and Malaysian adult

Abdel Aziz MH, Badr El Dine FM, Saeed NM

J Forensic Leg Med, 2016 Nov;44:103-110.
PMID: 27743546 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2016.10.003

INTRODUCTION: Identification of sex and ethnicity has always been a challenge in the fields of forensic medicine and criminal investigations. Fingerprinting and DNA comparisons are probably the most common techniques used in this context. However, since they cannot always be used, it is necessary to apply different and less known techniques such as lip prints.
AIM OF THE WORK: Is to study the pattern of lip print in Egyptian and Malaysian populations and its relation to sex and populations difference. Also, to develop equations for sex and populations detection using lip print pattern by different populations (Egyptian and Malaysian).
SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The sample comprised of 120 adults volunteers divided into two ethnic groups; sixty adult Egyptians (30 males and 30 females) and sixty adult Malaysians (30 males and 30 females). The lip prints were collected on a white paper. Each lip print was divided into four compartments and were classified and scored according to Suzuki and Tsuchihashi classification. Data were statistically analyzed.
RESULTS: The results showed that type III lip print pattern (intersected grooves) was the predominant type in both the Egyptian and Malaysian populations. Type II and III were the most frequent in Egyptian males (28.3% each), while in Egyptian females type III pattern was predominant (46.7%). As regards Malaysian males, type III lip print pattern was the predominant one (41.7%), while type II lip print pattern was predominant (30.8%) in Malaysian females. Statistical analysis of different quadrants showed significant differences between males and females in the Egyptian population in the third and fourth quadrants. On the other hand, significant differences were detected only in the second quadrant between Malaysian males and females. Also, a statistically significant difference was present in the second quadrant between Egyptian and Malaysian males. Using the regression analysis, four regression equations were obtained.

Matched MeSH terms: Regression Analysis
Regression and multivariate models for predicting particulate matter concentration level

Nazif A, Mohammed NI, Malakahmad A, Abualqumboz MS

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2018 Jan;25(1):283-289.
PMID: 29032528 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0407-2

The devastating health effects of particulate matter (PM10) exposure by susceptible populace has made it necessary to evaluate PM10 pollution. Meteorological parameters and seasonal variation increases PM10 concentration levels, especially in areas that have multiple anthropogenic activities. Hence, stepwise regression (SR), multiple linear regression (MLR) and principal component regression (PCR) analyses were used to analyse daily average PM10 concentration levels. The analyses were carried out using daily average PM10 concentration, temperature, humidity, wind speed and wind direction data from 2006 to 2010. The data was from an industrial air quality monitoring station in Malaysia. The SR analysis established that meteorological parameters had less influence on PM10 concentration levels having coefficient of determination (R 2) result from 23 to 29% based on seasoned and unseasoned analysis. While, the result of the prediction analysis showed that PCR models had a better R 2 result than MLR methods. The results for the analyses based on both seasoned and unseasoned data established that MLR models had R 2 result from 0.50 to 0.60. While, PCR models had R 2 result from 0.66 to 0.89. In addition, the validation analysis using 2016 data also recognised that the PCR model outperformed the MLR model, with the PCR model for the seasoned analysis having the best result. These analyses will aid in achieving sustainable air quality management strategies.

Matched MeSH terms: Regression Analysis
Fulltext Regression Analysis of the Dielectric and Morphological Properties for Porous Nanohydroxyapatite/Starch Composites: A Correlative Study

Beh CY, Cheng EM, Mohd Nasir NF, Abdul Majid MS, Khor SF, Mohd Jamir MR, et al.

Int J Mol Sci, 2022 May 19;23(10).
PMID: 35628505 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105695

This paper aims to investigate the dielectric properties, i.e., dielectric constant (ε'), dielectric loss factor (ε″), dielectric tangent loss (tan δ), electrical conductivity (σ), and penetration depth (Dp), of the porous nanohydroxyapatite/starch composites in the function of starch proportion, pore size, and porosity over a broad band frequency range of 5 MHz-12 GHz. The porous nanohydroxyapatite/starch composites were fabricated using different starch proportions ranging from 30 to 90 wt%. The results reveal that the dielectric properties and the microstructural features of the porous nanohydroxyapatite/starch composites can be enhanced by the increment in the starch proportion. Nevertheless, the composite with 80 wt% of starch proportion exhibit low dielectric properties (ε', ε″, tan δ, and σ) and a high penetration depth because of its highly interconnected porous microstructures. The dielectric properties of the porous nanohydroxyapatite/starch composites are highly dependent on starch proportion, average pore size, and porosity. The regression models are developed to express the dielectric properties of the porous nanohydroxyapatite/starch composites (R2 > 0.96) in the function of starch proportion, pore size, and porosity from 1 to 11 GHz. This dielectric study can facilitate the assessment of bone scaffold design in bone tissue engineering applications.

Matched MeSH terms: Regression Analysis
Fulltext Regression Analysis of Perceived Stress among Elite Athletes from Changes in Diet, Routine and Well-Being: Effects of the COVID-19 Lockdown and "Bubble" Training Camps

Washif JA, Ammar A, Trabelsi K, Chamari K, Chong CSM, Mohd Kassim SFA, et al.

Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2021 12 30;19(1).
PMID: 35010662 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19010402

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the lifestyles and training of elite athletes around the world. The detrimental effects of lockdown periods may vary among individuals, as well as among sports and sexes. This study investigated the changes in dietary habits, and the predictors of perceived stress during lockdown and a "bubble" training camp. This cross-sectional, online survey involved 76 elite and world-class athletes from six able-bodied sports and nine parasports, all of whom were involved in a 30-day "bubble" training camp. Questions were asked on socio-demographics, training routines and wellbeing, perceived stress, and dietary habits, pertaining to "normal" training (prelockdown), lockdown training, and "bubble" camp training periods. Changes in perceived stress were trivial to small during lockdown compared to "normal" training, and trivial to moderate during a "bubble" camp, compared to lockdown. Para-athletes, males, older athletes, less experienced athletes, married individuals, and specific ethnicities appeared to be more detrimentally affected (increased perceived stress) by lockdown. These negative experiences, however, were largely reversed during "bubble" camps. During lockdown, more athletes reported increased evening snack consumption (+8%), later meal-times (+6%), decreased fluid intake (-6%), and no breakfast (+7%). These changes were reversed during "bubble" camps (12-18% improvements). Sport classification accounted for 16% of the increased perceived stress (p = 0.001) during lockdown. Overall, socio-demographic factors, improvements in training routines, well-being, and dietary habits explained 28% of the decreased perceived stress during a "bubble" camp. In conclusion, better dietary habits, training routines and well-being have implications for reduced perceived stress. During lockdown, "bubble" camps may be beneficial, but this observation may be a case-by-case consideration, and short split "bubble" periods are recommended.

Matched MeSH terms: Regression Analysis

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