MyMedR

Displaying publications 121 - 140 of 202 in total

Abstract:

Sort:

Multiple vehicle cooperation and collision avoidance in automated vehicles: survey and an AI-enabled conceptual framework

Muzahid AJM, Kamarulzaman SF, Rahman MA, Murad SA, Kamal MAS, Alenezi AH

Sci Rep, 2023 Jan 12;13(1):603.
PMID: 36635336 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-27026-9

Prospective customers are becoming more concerned about safety and comfort as the automobile industry swings toward automated vehicles (AVs). A comprehensive evaluation of recent AVs collision data indicates that modern automated driving systems are prone to rear-end collisions, usually leading to multiple-vehicle collisions. Moreover, most investigations into severe traffic conditions are confined to single-vehicle collisions. This work reviewed diverse techniques of existing literature to provide planning procedures for multiple vehicle cooperation and collision avoidance (MVCCA) strategies in AVs while also considering their performance and social impact viewpoints. Firstly, we investigate and tabulate the existing MVCCA techniques associated with single-vehicle collision avoidance perspectives. Then, current achievements are extensively evaluated, challenges and flows are identified, and remedies are intelligently formed to exploit a taxonomy. This paper also aims to give readers an AI-enabled conceptual framework and a decision-making model with a concrete structure of the training network settings to bridge the gaps between current investigations. These findings are intended to shed insight into the benefits of the greater efficiency of AVs set-up for academics and policymakers. Lastly, the open research issues discussed in this survey will pave the way for the actual implementation of driverless automated traffic systems.
Band gap tuning of perovskite solar cells for enhancing the efficiency and stability: issues and prospects

Miah MH, Khandaker MU, Rahman MB, Nur-E-Alam M, Islam MA

RSC Adv, 2024 May 15;14(23):15876-15906.
PMID: 38756852 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra01640h

The intriguing optoelectronic properties, diverse applications, and facile fabrication techniques of perovskite materials have garnered substantial research interest worldwide. Their outstanding performance in solar cell applications and excellent efficiency at the lab scale have already been proven. However, owing to their low stability, the widespread manufacturing of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) for commercialization is still far off. Several instability factors of PSCs, including the intrinsic and extrinsic instability of perovskite materials, have already been identified, and a variety of approaches have been adopted to improve the material quality, stability, and efficiency of PSCs. In this review, we have comprehensively presented the significance of band gap tuning in achieving both high-performance and high-stability PSCs in the presence of various degradation factors. By investigating the mechanisms of band gap engineering, we have highlighted its pivotal role in optimizing PSCs for improved efficiency and resilience.
Fulltext Potential data for feasibility assessment and deployment of a 6.7 MW floating solar PV plant in Hatirjheel Lake, Dhaka, Bangladesh

Islam MI, Al Mansur A, Jadin MS, Saaduzzaman DM, Naiem-Ur-Rahman M

Data Brief, 2024 Aug;55:110586.
PMID: 38993232 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2024.110586

Floating solar photovoltaic has emerged as a highly sustainable and environmentally friendly solution worldwide from the various clean energy generation technologies. However, the installation of floating solar differs from rooftop or ground-mounted solar due to the significant consideration of the availability of water bodies and suitable climatic conditions. Therefore, conducting a feasibility analysis of the suitable climate is essential for installing a floating solar plant on water bodies. These data are evaluated for the viability of installing a 6.7 MW floating solar power plant on Hatirjheel Lake in Dhaka, Bangladesh. The feasibility analysis incorporated various climatic data, such as temperature, humidity, rainfall, sunshine hours, solar radiation, and windspeed, obtained from Meteonorm 8.1 software and the archive of the Bangladesh Meteorological Department. Besides, this study gathered and analyzed the energy demands of the local grid substation operated by Dhaka Power Distribution Company, to determine the appropriate capacity and architecture of the power plant. The power plant design was conducted using the PVsyst 7.3 software, which determined the necessary equipment quantities, DC energy generation capacity, and the energy injected into the grid in MWh. The study also calculated the Levelized Cost of Energy per kilowatt-hour and the payback period for the system, which indicates the economic viability of installing the system. Furthermore, the acquired dataset possesses significant potential and can be utilized for the establishment of all sorts of solar power plants, including floating solar plants, in any location or body of water within the Dhaka Metropolitan area.
Fulltext Restoring private autism dataset from sanitized database using an optimized key produced from enhanced combined PSO-GWO framework

Rahman MM, Muniyandi RC, Sahran S, Usman OL, Moniruzzaman M

Sci Rep, 2024 Jul 09;14(1):15763.
PMID: 38982129 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66603-y

The timely identification of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children is imperative to prevent potential challenges as they grow. When sharing data related to autism for an accurate diagnosis, safeguarding its security and privacy is a paramount concern to fend off unauthorized access, modification, or theft during transmission. Researchers have devised diverse security and privacy models or frameworks, most of which often leverage proprietary algorithms or adapt existing ones to address data leakage. However, conventional anonymization methods, although effective in the sanitization process, proved inadequate for the restoration process. Furthermore, despite numerous scholarly contributions aimed at refining the restoration process, the accuracy of restoration remains notably deficient. Based on the problems identified above, this paper presents a novel approach to data restoration for sanitized sensitive autism datasets with improved performance. In the prior study, we constructed an optimal key for the sanitization process utilizing the proposed Enhanced Combined PSO-GWO framework. This key was implemented to conceal sensitive autism data in the database, thus avoiding information leakage. In this research, the same key was employed during the data restoration process to enhance the accuracy of the original data recovery. Therefore, the study enhanced the restoration process for ASD data's security and privacy by utilizing an optimal key produced via the Enhanced Combined PSO-GWO framework. When compared to existing meta-heuristic algorithms, the simulation results from the autism data restoration experiments demonstrated highly competitive accuracies with 99.90%, 99.60%, 99.50%, 99.25%, and 99.70%, respectively. Among the four types of datasets used, this method outperforms other existing methods on the 30-month autism children dataset, mostly.
Evaluating physico-mechanical properties of NaOH-treated natural fibres: Effects of polyolefin

Rahman MZ, Hannan MA, Mollah MZI, Hoque MB, Al-Mugren KS, Faruque MRI

Heliyon, 2024 Nov 15;10(21):e39673.
PMID: 39524773 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e39673

The bottle gourd plant fibres (BGPF) and okra fibres were processed and refined (w/w 6 % NaOH) before being incorporated with polyolefin (polypropylene) for composite fabrication using a blending technique. The polyolefin matrix is used to develop composites with 5 % okra fibres and varying percentages (25, 30, 35 and 40 %) of BGPF. The results indicated that the "35 % BGPF +5 % okra +60 % polypropylene" composition achieved remarkable mechanical properties with tensile strength (26.95 MPa), tensile modulus (3.16 GPa), decreased elongation at break (1.71 %), bending strength (52.53 MPa), bending modulus (3.45 GPa), impact strength (14.25 kJ/m2), and hardness (69 D-shore). Moreover, these composites absorbed minimal water when a specific portion was submerged. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) test on the composites revealed good fibre adhesion and adherence content between BGPF and okra fibres. Additionally, the thermo-gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry exhibited weight loss of composites during maximum cellulose degradation (80 %) at 483 °C. In the composites of the fibre-PP matrix, two distinct physical changes were observed indicating glass transition and degradation. However, the mechanical properties decreased after soil degradation. Thus, remarkable properties were achieved for the fibres-fibres and fibres-polyolefin (polypropylene) interfacial interactions.
Optimization of Polymers for Organic Solar Cells: Effects of Alkyl, Fluorinated and Thiophenated Chains

Ahmad Mustamin K, Sani Sarjadi M, Sarkar SM, Kumar S, Rahman ML

Chem Asian J, 2025 Mar 03;20(5):e202401406.
PMID: 39831691 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202401406

This paper explores optimization strategies for polymeric materials in organic solar cells (OSCs) with the focus on varying alkyl side chain, addition of fluorine atom, and thiophenated derivatives onto polymer. As such, it outlines the significance of renewable energy sources and the potential of photovoltaic technologies, particularly organic photovoltaics (OPVs). Objectives include factors affecting power conversion efficiency (PCE), open-circuit voltage (Voc), aggregation tendencies, and optoelectronic properties in OPVs. The scope encompasses the impact of alkyl as well as the comparison between fluorinated and chlorinated polymers and the role of thiophene units to obtain an efficient organic solar cell. The review examines how alkyl chain structures influence thin film morphology, packing, and device performance, comparing linear and branched configurations. It also explores the role of halogenated polymers in modifying electronic properties and stability, focusing on the comparative performance between fluorinated and chlorinated polymers. The importance of thiophene units in polymer design for OPVs is discussed, along with performance comparisons based on different architectures. The paper summarizes key findings regarding the impact of various side chain modifications for OPVs device performance and outlines future research directions to enhance efficiency, stability, and scalability. It suggests exploring novel material design to further optimize OSCs.
Fulltext Employment of people with Down syndrome: A scoping review

Ting CH, Rahman MM, Chen YY, Safii R, Puteh SE, Saimon R, et al.

Narra J, 2024 Dec;4(3):e1431.
PMID: 39816059 DOI: 10.52225/narra.v4i3.1431

Down syndrome is the most prevalent genetic condition contributing to intellectual disability. Advancements in medical care have significantly increased the life expectancy of people with this condition, making employment a vital component for independent living and quality of life. The aim of this study was to examine the current literature on the employability and employment experiences of individuals with Down syndrome, focusing on the evolution of the employment rate and factors influencing employment such as cognitive and personal factors, societal attitudes, challenges, and effective support systems. Using Arksey and O'Malley's methodology, a scoping review of relevant qualitative and quantitative articles from PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science (WoS), CINAHL, and Medline was conducted. The search focused on the keywords found in the title and abstract of articles from 1980 to 2023. The search strategy utilized medical subject headings (MeSH), including "work", "Down syndrome", and "employment". All articles employing qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods that were published in English were included. Of an initial 4,296 articles, 32 full-text articles were evaluated, and nine met the inclusion criteria. The data indicated improved employment rates for people with Down syndrome, with a recent employment rate of 53%. However, jobs are often limited to sectors like food service and are underutilizing their skills. Key factors associated with employment status include cognitive abilities, family support, and social attitudes. Despite positive perceptions, significant barriers such as systemic bias persist. Effective support systems are crucial but are often hindered by limited opportunities. In conclusion, employment opportunities for people with Down syndrome have improved, but challenges such as limited job diversity and systemic barriers remain. Comprehensive policies are recommended to promote inclusive employment practices and tailored support systems.
Fulltext Kinetic modelling and equilibrium behaviour of methylene blue adsorption in sequentially modified PVDF/NC/TiO2/carbon based hybrid membranes

James A, Rahman MR, Junaidi EB, Jose Jol C, Namakka M

RSC Adv, 2026 Oct 21;16(46):60778-60799.
PMID: 42851815 DOI: 10.1039/d6ra06520a

Hybrid polymeric membranes are often evaluated in terms of flux, rejection, and antifouling performance, whereas their adsorption kinetics and equilibrium behaviour are commonly treated as secondary considerations. This separation limits mechanistic understanding because dye removal by functional membranes is governed by the coupling between convective transport, pore-mediated retention, surface adsorption, filler dispersion and foulant-membrane interaction. This study aims to evaluate the kinetic and equilibrium behaviour of methylene blue (MB) adsorption by sequentially modified polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF)-based hybrid membranes incorporating nanocellulose (NC), titanium dioxide (TiO2), graphene (GR) and graphene oxide-derived modified hybrid material (GO-mHM). Correspondingly, this study evaluates adsorption behaviour across the full sequence of membrane modification, enabling a comparative assessment of the contribution of each material component to adsorption kinetics and equilibrium performance, rather than limiting the analysis to the final optimised membrane formulation. Adsorption experiments were conducted at 25 °C using MB concentrations of 1-5 ppm, with adsorption capacity normalised to membrane area. The pseudo second order (PSO) model provided the most consistent kinetic fit with R 2 values generally ranging from 0.96 to 0.98. At 5 ppm MB, the equilibrium adsorption capacity increased from 1049.79 mg m-2 for pristine PVDF to 2080.69 mg m-2 for PVDF-4% NCM, followed by further improvement to 2408.14, 2442.68, and 2462.38 mg m-2 for PVDF/NC/3.0% TiO2, PVDF/NC/TiO2/0.2% GR, and PVDF/NC/TiO2/0.3% GO-mHM, respectively. Isotherm equilibrium modelling showed that the Freundlich model best described MB adsorption which indicates adsorption on a heterogeneous membrane surface with non-uniform adsorption sites. PVDF/NC/TiO2/0.3% GO-mHM exhibited the strongest adsorption response, recording a Freundlich K F of 75 501.71 mg m-2. These findings are consistent with MB adsorption occurring across chemically and structurally heterogeneous membrane domains, with filler composition, dispersion and interfacial accessibility influencing the observed adsorption response. The specific contributions of individual molecular interactions were not directly resolved and are therefore interpreted mechanistically rather than assigned as definitive adsorption pathways.
Fulltext Seroepidemiological investigation and risk factors of Q fever and Rift valley fever in livestock in Bangladesh

Islam A, Rahman MK, Sayeed MA, Islam M, Islam KS, Abedin J, et al.

Prev Vet Med, 2026 Dec;257:107046.
PMID: 42874199 DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2026.107046

Rift Valley fever (RVF) is an emerging and re-emerging mosquito-borne zoonosis of major economic, public health, and veterinary importance, often causing great population-level impact. Q fever remains a neglected zoonotic disease of considerable public health and veterinary significance, responsible for notable economic losses for livestock farmers. Despite their significance, the epidemiology of RVFV and Coxiella burnetii (Q fever) remains poorly understood, with little evidence on their seroprevalence and associated risk factors. We conducted a cross-sectional study to estimate the seroprevalence of RVFV and C. burnetii, and to identify associated risk factors in domestic livestock. We collected a total of 568 blood samples from domestic livestock across three different districts using convenience sampling. Individual animal and herd-level data were obtained through a pre-tested structured questionnaire. Serum samples were tested for antibodies against RVFV and C. burnetii using a competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (cELISA). While none of the animals tested positive for RVFV antibodies, the overall seroprevalence of C. burnetii antibodies was 9.7% (95% CI: 7.4-12.4), which was highest in sheep (5.8%), followed by goats (2.1%), camels (1.1%), and cattle (0.7%). Animals from households (OR = 0.19, p = 0.04) and young livestock (OR = 0.10, p 
Fulltext Natural Bioactive Molecules: An Alternative Approach to the Treatment and Control of COVID-19

Islam F, Bibi S, Meem AFK, Islam MM, Rahaman MS, Bepary S, et al.

Int J Mol Sci, 2021 Nov 23;22(23).
PMID: 34884440 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312638

Several coronaviruses (CoVs) have been associated with serious health hazards in recent decades, resulting in the deaths of thousands around the globe. The recent coronavirus pandemic has emphasized the importance of discovering novel and effective antiviral medicines as quickly as possible to prevent more loss of human lives. Positive-sense RNA viruses with group spikes protruding from their surfaces and an abnormally large RNA genome enclose CoVs. CoVs have already been related to a range of respiratory infectious diseases possibly fatal to humans, such as MERS, SARS, and the current COVID-19 outbreak. As a result, effective prevention, treatment, and medications against human coronavirus (HCoV) is urgently needed. In recent years, many natural substances have been discovered with a variety of biological significance, including antiviral properties. Throughout this work, we reviewed a wide range of natural substances that interrupt the life cycles for MERS and SARS, as well as their potential application in the treatment of COVID-19.
Fulltext Bioaccumulation of heavy metals in some commercially important fishes from a tropical river estuary suggests higher potential health risk in children than adults

Ahmed ASS, Sultana S, Habib A, Ullah H, Musa N, Hossain MB, et al.

PLoS One, 2019;14(10):e0219336.
PMID: 31622361 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0219336

The Karnaphuli River estuary, located in southeast coast of Bangladesh, is largely exposed to heavy metal contamination as it receives a huge amount of untreated industrial effluents from the Chottagram City. This study aimed to assess the concentrations of five heavy metals (As, Pb, Cd, Cr and Cu) and their bioaccumulation status in six commercially important fishes, and also to evaluate the potential human health risk for local consumers. The hierarchy of the measured concentration level (mg/kg) of the metals was as follows: Pb (13.88) > Cu (12.10) > As (4.89) > Cr (3.36) > Cd (0.39). The Fulton's condition factor denoted that fishes were in better 'condition' and most of the species were in positive allometric growth. The bioaccumulation factors (BAFs) of the contaminants observed in the species were in the following orders: Cu (1971.42) > As (1042.93) > Pb (913.66) > Cr (864.99) > Cd (252.03), and among the specimens, demersal fish, Apocryptes bato appeared to be the most bioaccumulative organism. Estimated daily intake (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ), hazard index (HI) and carcinogenic risk (CR) assessed for potential human health risk implications suggest that the values were within the acceptable threshold for both adults and children. However, calculated CR values indicated that both age groups were not far from the risk, and HI values demonstrated that children were nearly 6 times more susceptible to non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health effects than adults.
Fulltext The SARS, MERS and novel coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemics, the newest and biggest global health threats: what lessons have we learned?

Peeri NC, Shrestha N, Rahman MS, Zaki R, Tan Z, Bibi S, et al.

Int J Epidemiol, 2020 Jun 01;49(3):717-726.
PMID: 32086938 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyaa033

OBJECTIVES: To provide an overview of the three major deadly coronaviruses and identify areas for improvement of future preparedness plans, as well as provide a critical assessment of the risk factors and actionable items for stopping their spread, utilizing lessons learned from the first two deadly coronavirus outbreaks, as well as initial reports from the current novel coronavirus (COVID-19) epidemic in Wuhan, China.
METHODS: Utilizing the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, USA) website, and a comprehensive review of PubMed literature, we obtained information regarding clinical signs and symptoms, treatment and diagnosis, transmission methods, protection methods and risk factors for Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and COVID-19. Comparisons between the viruses were made.
RESULTS: Inadequate risk assessment regarding the urgency of the situation, and limited reporting on the virus within China has, in part, led to the rapid spread of COVID-19 throughout mainland China and into proximal and distant countries. Compared with SARS and MERS, COVID-19 has spread more rapidly, due in part to increased globalization and the focus of the epidemic. Wuhan, China is a large hub connecting the North, South, East and West of China via railways and a major international airport. The availability of connecting flights, the timing of the outbreak during the Chinese (Lunar) New Year, and the massive rail transit hub located in Wuhan has enabled the virus to perforate throughout China, and eventually, globally.
CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that we did not learn from the two prior epidemics of coronavirus and were ill-prepared to deal with the challenges the COVID-19 epidemic has posed. Future research should attempt to address the uses and implications of internet of things (IoT) technologies for mapping the spread of infection.
Fulltext Prevalence and risk factors of prehypertension in university students in Sabah, Borneo Island of East Malaysia

Qaiser S, Daud MNM, Ibrahim MY, Gan SH, Rahman MS, Sani MHM, et al.

Medicine (Baltimore), 2020 May 22;99(21):e20287.
PMID: 32481309 DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000020287

Unhealthy lifestyle contributes mainly to an increased prevalence of non-communicable diseases including hypertension and cardiovascular diseases tend to increase in Malaysia. These diseases lead to an increased risk of end organ damage and cardiovascular complications. In this study, the prevalence of prehypertension and its associated risk factors among a cohort of university students in Sabah was determined.This is a prospective, cross-sectional study conducted among 365 undergraduate students irrespective of faculties at Universiti Malaysia Sabah (UMS). Standardized and validated World Health Organization (WHO) STEPS questionnaires were used to collect sociodemographic data. Additionally, clinical and anthropometric data were measured and recorded by a trained staff, followed by descriptive and logistic regression analyses.A total of 365 UMS undergraduate students aged 18 years and above participated in the study. The prevalence of prehypertension among university students was high (31%) (95% CI [29.1%, 34.3%]). Well-known risk factors for hypertension including family history of hypertension, reduced sleep duration, reduced physical activity, smoking, being overweight or obese were significantly associated with the risk of developing prehypertension (P
Fulltext Polyphenolic compounds of amla prevent oxidative stress and fibrosis in the kidney and heart of 2K1C rats

Rahman MM, Ferdous KU, Roy S, Nitul IA, Mamun F, Hossain MH, et al.

Food Sci Nutr, 2020 Jul;8(7):3578-3589.
PMID: 32724620 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1640

Amla (Emblica officinalis Gaertn.) is a natural source of antioxidants and possesses valuable medicinal properties. However, the protective effect of amla in the kidney of two-kidneys-one-clip (2K1C) rats has not been explained sufficiently. This study was performed to evaluate the renoprotective effect of amla fruit powder (2.5% W/W) supplementation in kidneys of 2K1C rats. 2K1C rats increased the remnant kidney wet weight and also increased plasma creatinine and uric acid concentration compared to the control. Amla supplementation ameliorates elevated creatinine and uric acid concentration in plasma of 2K1C rats. Various oxidative stress indicators such as malondialdehyde, nitric oxide (NO), and advanced protein oxidation product (APOP) were also increased in plasma, heart, and kidney tissues in 2K1C rats that were also significantly brought down to normal level by amla supplementation. Moreover, the inflammatory cells entry and fibrosis in the 2K1C rat's tissues were prevented by amla supplementation. These research results suggest that amla may restore plasma antioxidant capacities and prevents oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis in 2K1C rats. Taken these results as a base, clinical supplementation of dried amla powder in diet or juice to the CKD patients would be beneficial.
Poly(amidoxime) ligand derived from waste palm fiber for the removal of heavy metals from electroplating wastewater

Rahman ML, Fui CJ, Sarjadi MS, Arshad SE, Musta B, Abdullah MH, et al.

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2020 Sep;27(27):34541-34556.
PMID: 32557073 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09462-0

A waste material known as palm oil empty fruit bunch (EFB) is used as a source of cellulose for the development of polymeric materials for the removal of metal ions from industrial wastewater. A poly(acrylonitrile)-grafted palm cellulose copolymer was synthesized by a conventional free radical initiating process followed by synthesis of a poly(amidoxime) ligand by oximation reaction. The resulting products were characterized by FT-IR, FE-SEM, EDX, TGA, DSC, and XPS. The poly(amidoxime) ligand was used to coordinate with and extract a series of transition metal ions from water samples. The binding capacity (qe) of the ligand with the metal ions such as copper, iron, cobalt, nickel, and lead were 260, 210, 168, 172, and 272 mg g-1, respectively at pH 6. The adsorption process followed the pseudo-first-order kinetic model (R2 > 0.99) and as well as the Freundlich isotherm model (R2 > 0.99) indicating the occurrence of a multi-layer adsorption process in the amidoxime ligand adsorbent. Results from reusability studies show that the ligand can be recycled for at least 10 cycles without any significant losses to its initial adsorption capacity. The synthesized polymeric ligand was shown to absorb heavy metals from electroplating wastewater with up to 95% efficiency.
Pharmacological insights on the antidepressant, anxiolytic and aphrodisiac potentials of Aglaonema hookerianum Schott

Goni O, Khan MF, Rahman MM, Hasan MZ, Kader FB, Sazzad N, et al.

J Ethnopharmacol, 2021 Mar 25;268:113664.
PMID: 33278545 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113664

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Aglaonema hookerianum Schott is an ethnomedicinally important plant used to treat a variety of diseases, including sexual and depression-like disorders. However, the scientific basis underlying the aforesaid properties have not been well justified.
AIM OF THE STUDY: The present investigation aimed to investigate the anxiolytic, antidepressant and aphrodisiac potentials of methanol leaves extract of A. hookerianum (MEAH) in Swiss albino mice.
MATERIALS & METHODS: Swiss albino mice (20-30 g) were orally administrated with MEAH at the doses ranging from 100 to 400 mg/kg, b.w. The elevated plus maze (EPM) and hole board test (HBT) were performed to determine the anxiolytic activity and the forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) were performed to determine the antidepressant activity of MEAH. Besides, the aphrodisiac activity of MEAH was conducted through the mounting behaviour and orientation behaviour analysis. Diazepam (1 mg/kg, b.w., i.p.) for EPM and HBT; fluoxetine HCl (20 mg/kg, b.w., p.o.) for FST and TST, and sildenafil (5 mg/kg, b.w., p.o.) for the mounting behaviour analysis and orientation behaviour analysis were used as reference drugs.
RESULTS: The administration of the MEAH produced a strong (p
Fulltext Effectiveness of pictorial health warning on cigarette packages: a cross-sectional study in Sarawak, Malaysia

Rahman MM, Arif MT, Abd Razak MF, Suhaili MR, Tambi Z, Akoi C, et al.

Malays Fam Physician, 2015;10(3):19-26.
PMID: 27570604 MyJurnal

Introduction: Specific health warning placed on the tobacco product packages is considered as an effective and low-cost method for increasing the knowledge and awareness among the community. Thus, a study was conducted to assess the perception of pictorial health warnings (PHWs) against smoking among the adult rural population of Sarawak.
Methods: Cross-sectional data were collected from 10 villages in Kota Samarahan and Kuching Division by face to face interview using modified Global Adult Tobacco Survey questionnaire. Nonprobability sampling method was adopted to select the villages. All the households of the selected villages were visited and an adult member was selected randomly from each house irrespective of the sex. After missing value imputation, 1000 data were analysed using statistical software IBM SPSS 20.0 version.
Results: Analysis showed that 28.8% of the respondents were current smokers, 7.8% were past smokers and the rest were non-smokers. Six items of pictorial health warnings were evaluated with five point Likert’s scales for attractiveness, fearfulness and adequacy of the information. Analysis revealed that the majority of the respondents had perceived awareness on PHWs, but the smokers believed that this was not adequate to make them quit smoking. Only one-fifth (19.7%) of them reported that current pictorial health warnings were sufficient to motivate people to quit smoking.
Conclusion: Though the PHWs on cigarette packages are appealing, it is not sufficient as a reason to stop smoking. Thus, an approach using an integrated anti-tobacco public health programme should be focused into the specific targeted community
Fulltext Pharmacoinformatics and UPLC-QTOF/ESI-MS-Based Phytochemical Screening of Combretum indicum against Oxidative Stress and Alloxan-Induced Diabetes in Long-Evans Rats

Forid MS, Rahman MA, Aluwi MFFM, Uddin MN, Roy TG, Mohanta MC, et al.

Molecules, 2021 Jul 30;26(15).
PMID: 34361788 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26154634

This research investigated a UPLC-QTOF/ESI-MS-based phytochemical profiling of Combretum indicum leaf extract (CILEx), and explored its in vitro antioxidant and in vivo antidiabetic effects in a Long-Evans rat model. After a one-week intervention, the animals' blood glucose, lipid profile, and pancreatic architectures were evaluated. UPLC-QTOF/ESI-MS fragmentation of CILEx and its eight docking-guided compounds were further dissected to evaluate their roles using bioinformatics-based network pharmacological tools. Results showed a very promising antioxidative effect of CILEx. Both doses of CILEx were found to significantly (p < 0.05) reduce blood glucose, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and total cholesterol (TC), and increase high-density lipoprotein (HDL). Pancreatic tissue architectures were much improved compared to the diabetic control group. A computational approach revealed that schizonepetoside E, melianol, leucodelphinidin, and arbutin were highly suitable for further therapeutic assessment. Arbutin, in a Gene Ontology and PPI network study, evolved as the most prospective constituent for 203 target proteins of 48 KEGG pathways regulating immune modulation and insulin secretion to control diabetes. The fragmentation mechanisms of the compounds are consistent with the obtained effects for CILEx. Results show that the natural compounds from CILEx could exert potential antidiabetic effects through in vivo and computational study.
Fulltext Silicene Quantum Capacitance Dependent Frequency Readout to a Label-Free Detection of DNA Hybridization- A Simulation Analysis

Rahman MS, Naima RL, Shetu KJ, Hossain MM, Kaiser MS, Hosen ASMS, et al.

Biosensors (Basel), 2021 Jun 01;11(6).
PMID: 34205927 DOI: 10.3390/bios11060178

The use of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) hybridization to detect disease-related gene expression is a valuable diagnostic tool. An ion-sensitive field-effect transistor (ISFET) with a graphene layer has been utilized for detecting DNA hybridization. Silicene is a two-dimensional silicon allotrope with structural properties similar to graphene. Thus, it has recently experienced intensive scientific research interest due to its unique electrical, mechanical, and sensing characteristics. In this paper, we proposed an ISFET structure with silicene and electrolyte layers for the label-free detection of DNA hybridization. When DNA hybridization occurs, it changes the ion concentration in the surface layer of the silicene and the pH level of the electrolyte solution. The process also changes the quantum capacitance of the silicene layer and the electrical properties of the ISFET device. The quantum capacitance and the corresponding resonant frequency readout of the silicene and graphene are compared. The performance evaluation found that the changes in quantum capacitance, resonant frequency, and tuning ratio indicate that the sensitivity of silicene is much more effective than graphene.
Security robot for the prevention of workplace violence using the Non-linear Adaptive Heuristic Mathematical Model

Tao H, Rahman MA, Al-Saffar A, Zhang R, Salih SQ, Zain JM, et al.

Work, 2021;68(3):853-861.
PMID: 33612528 DOI: 10.3233/WOR-203419

BACKGROUND: Nowadays, workplace violence is found to be a mental health hazard and considered a crucial topic. The collaboration between robots and humans is increasing with the growth of Industry 4.0. Therefore, the first problem that must be solved is human-machine security. Ensuring the safety of human beings is one of the main aspects of human-robotic interaction. This is not just about preventing collisions within a shared space among human beings and robots; it includes all possible means of harm for an individual, from physical contact to unpleasant or dangerous psychological effects.
OBJECTIVE: In this paper, Non-linear Adaptive Heuristic Mathematical Model (NAHMM) has been proposed for the prevention of workplace violence using security Human-Robot Collaboration (HRC). Human-Robot Collaboration (HRC) is an area of research with a wide range of up-demands, future scenarios, and potential economic influence. HRC is an interdisciplinary field of research that encompasses cognitive sciences, classical robotics, and psychology.
RESULTS: The robot can thus make the optimal decision between actions that expose its capabilities to the human being and take the best steps given the knowledge that is currently available to the human being. Further, the ideal policy can be measured carefully under certain observability assumptions.
CONCLUSION: The system is shown on a collaborative robot and is compared to a state of the art security system. The device is experimentally demonstrated. The new system is being evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively.

Filters

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links