MyMedR

Displaying publications 1461 - 1480 of 5421 in total

Abstract:

Sort:

Survey of microsporidan hyperparasites of trematode larvae from Malaysian snails

Colley FC, Ow-Yang CK

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1973 Jun;4(2):270-1.
PMID: 4201357
Matched MeSH terms: Disease Vectors
Fulltext An outbreak of typhoid from a wedding party in Bachok district, Kelantan, 2003

Wan Mansor, W.H., Hamizah, M.S., Wan Sulaili, W.S., Jeriah, I., Che Nok @ Nawi, I., Noraini, I., et al.

Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2003;3(2):53-57.
MyJurnal

On March 17, 2003 the Kelantan Health Department was notihed about a possible typhoid outbreak following a wedding party. An investigation was carried out to identiy the source and recommend control measures. Active case detection, yield investigation and case»control study were conducted. Cases were symptomatic attendees with a stool or blood culture positive for Salmonella
typhii. Each control had a negative culture and denied symptoms. Of the more than 1 OOO guests, 477 experienced fever; 152 met the case definition. The party hostess was found to be an Salmonelb typhii carrier. Syrup prepared with untreated well water was identified as the most likely source for this outbreak, with an odds ratio 14.0 (95% C1: 2.9, 104.1). This was a common source
outbreak of typhoid. We recommend that all food handlers at large parties be screened for typhoid and other foodborne diseases and samples of higherisk foods should be kept for few days after each event in case they are needed for testing.

Matched MeSH terms: Disease Outbreaks
Rickettsioses (tick typhus, Q-fever, urban typhus) in Malaya

Marchette NJ

J Med Entomol, 1966 Jan;2(4):339-71.
PMID: 5951938
Matched MeSH terms: Disease Reservoirs
Bursal immunopathology responses of specific-pathogen-free chickens and red jungle fowl infected with very virulent infectious bursal disease virus

Farhanah MI, Yasmin AR, Khanh NP, Yeap SK, Hair-Bejo M, Omar AR

Arch Virol, 2018 Aug;163(8):2085-2097.
PMID: 29626271 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-018-3841-7

Very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvIBDV) targets B lymphocytes in the bursa of Fabricius (BF), causing immunosuppression and increased mortality rates in young birds. There have been few studies on the host immune response following vvIBDV infection at different inoculum doses in chickens with different genetic backgrounds. In this study, we characterized the immune responses of specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens and Malaysian red jungle fowl following infection with vvIBDV strain UPM0081 at 103.8 and 106.8 times the 50% embryo infectious dose (EID50). The viral burden, histopathological changes, immune cell populations, and expression of immune-related genes were measured and compared between infected and uninfected bursa at specific intervals. The populations of KUL1+, CD3+CD4+ and CD3+CD8+ cells were significantly increased in both types of chickens at 3 dpi, and there was significant early depletion of IgM+ B cells at 1 dpi in the red jungle fowl. vvIBDV infection also induced differential expression of genes that are involved in Th1 and pro-inflammatory responses, with groups receiving the higher dose (106.8 EID50) showing earlier expression of IFNG, IL12B, IL15, IL6, CXCLi2, IL28B, and TLR3 at 1 dpi. Although both chicken types showed equal susceptibility to infection, the red jungle fowl were clinically healthier than the SPF chickens despite showing more depletion of IgM+ B cells and failure to induce IFNB activation. In conclusion, high-dose vvIBDV infection caused an intense early host immune response in the infected bursa, with depletion of IgM+ B cells, bursal lesions, and cytokine expression as a response to mitigate the severity of the infection.

Matched MeSH terms: Infectious bursal disease virus/genetics; Infectious bursal disease virus/pathogenicity*; Infectious bursal disease virus/physiology
Fulltext Contemporary critical limb ischemia: Asian multidisciplinary consensus statement on the collaboration between endovascular therapy and wound care

Kawarada O, Zen K, Hozawa K, Ayabe S, Huang HL, Choi D, et al.

Cardiovasc Interv Ther, 2018 Oct;33(4):297-312.
PMID: 29654408 DOI: 10.1007/s12928-018-0523-z

The burden of peripheral artery disease (PAD) and diabetes in Asia is projected to increase. Asia also has the highest incidence and prevalence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the world. Therefore, most Asian patients with PAD might have diabetic PAD or ESRD-related PAD. Given these pandemic conditions, critical limb ischemia (CLI) with diabetes or ESRD, the most advanced and challenging subset of PAD, is an emerging public health issue in Asian countries. Given that diabetic and ESRD-related CLI have complex pathophysiology that involve arterial insufficiency, bacterial infection, neuropathy, and foot deformity, a coordinated approach that involves endovascular therapy and wound care is vital. Recently, there is increasing interaction among cardiologists, vascular surgeons, radiologists, orthopedic surgeons, and plastic surgeons beyond specialty and country boundaries in Asia. This article is intended to share practical Asian multidisciplinary consensus statement on the collaboration between endovascular therapy and wound care for CLI.

Matched MeSH terms: Peripheral Arterial Disease/complications; Peripheral Arterial Disease/diagnosis; Peripheral Arterial Disease/therapy*
Epidemiology of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Southern Peninsular Malaysia

Pang P, Ng YS, Sidhu J, Kok M

Med J Malaysia, 2018 04;73(2):86-89.
PMID: 29703871 MyJurnal

AIM: To record the incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), its social demographics, clinical characteristics and treatment, in the state of Johor, Malaysia.
METHODS: Hospital Sultanah Aminah, Johor Bahru, is the only public hospital in Johor with a Gastroenterology service. Data on all existing and new IBD patients managed by the Gastroenterology Unit in 2016 were collected. Incidence and prevalence of IBD in 2016 were then calculated based on the estimated population of Johor and Johor Bahru.
RESULTS: Twenty-five new cases of IBD were diagnosed in 2016. Among the 25 cases, 13 cases were Crohn's disease (CD), 10 were ulcerative colitis (UC) and two were IBD Unclassified (IBDU). The crude incidence of IBD, CD, UC and IBDU were 0.68, 0.36, 0.27, and 0.05 per 100,000 population respectively. Ethnic Indians had the highest incidence of IBD at 4.21 followed by Malays and Chinese at 0.56 and 0.18 per 100,000 population respectively. A total of 156 IBD cases were captured. Amongst them, 85 cases were UC, 68 cases were CD and three cases were IBDU, hence the prevalence of IBD, UC, CD and IBDU were 4.27, 2.33, 1.86 and 0.08 per 100,000 population respectively. Similarly, Indians had the highest prevalence at 16.84, followed by Chinese at 4.06 and Malays at 3.44 per 100,000 population.
CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of IBD in Johor is comparable to that of a previous study in northern Peninsular Malaysia. The ethnicity preponderance is similar to the previous studies conducted in Malaysia.

Matched MeSH terms: Crohn Disease
Fulltext Field evaluation of the efficacy of the mosquito killing system

O. Wan-Norafikah, CoRe , H. W., Azahari, A. H., K. Kamal-Hidayat, Lee , H. L., I. Saleh

Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2017;15(2):9-18.
MyJurnal

A preliminary field study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of a mosquito trap; Mosquito Killing System (MKS) in
capturing mosquitoes and other insects. MKS has an automatic activation by the use of a photocell. It is also supplemented
with carbon dioxide and heat as attractants for mosquitoes and other insects. Three units of MKS were employed at three
different locations within two study sites for ten days. The mosquitoes and other insects that were trapped in MKS were
collected and morphologically identified daily in the laboratory. A total of 1,928 mosquitoes and other insects were
trapped in all units of MKS. High numbers of mosquitoes (93.05%), particularly Aedes sp. and Culex sp. were captured
from MKS. Among these, Culex quinquefasciatus (91.81%) was most abundant species collected. Only 0.84% of Aedes
aegypti and Aedes albopictus trapped in MKS. Female mosquitoes (83.44%) were found to be more attracted to MKS
compared to male mosquitoes of various species. These findings illustrated the potency of MKS utilization in surveillance
and control activities of Cx. quinquefasciatus; a nuisance mosquito and also potential vector of urban brancroftian
filariasis in Malaysia.

Matched MeSH terms: Disease Vectors
Fulltext Optimization of droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) for dna copy number variation analysis of CNV ESV27061 in young adults with higher blood pressure

Siti Radziah Shaik Alaudeen, Aszrin Abdullah, Azarisman Shah Mohd Shah, Norlelawati Abdul Talib

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2017;16(11):29-29.
MyJurnal

Copy number variation (CNV) caused by changes in DNA sequences of 1000
or more bases is implicated with susceptibility to common diseases. A study on CNV
esv27061 among hypertensive Australian adults reported association with high blood
pressure (BP). In Malaysia, no study on CNV among hypertensive young adults is
available. Thus, this investigation aimed to assess the CNV esv27061 of young Malaysian
adults with high blood pressure using optimized ddPCR. (Copied from article).

Matched MeSH terms: Disease Susceptibility
Fulltext A Combination of Tachycardia-Mediated Heart Failure and Coronary Artery Vasospasm-Induced Silent Myocardial Infarction in a Patient with Severe Thyrotoxicosis

Khoo SSK, Chu CM, Fung YK

Case Rep Cardiol, 2018;2018:4827907.
PMID: 29713551 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4827907

Severe thyrotoxicosis can present with a myriad of cardiovascular complications. It may be mild features such as palpitations, tachycardia, and exertional dyspnea or may progress to life-threatening consequences such as atrial fibrillation, tachyarrhythmias, heart failure, myocardial infarction, and shock. In rare cases, they may present with myocardial ischemia secondary to coronary artery vasospasm. We report a case of a 59-year-old Malay gentleman who presented with fast atrial fibrillation and tachycardia-mediated heart failure that evolved to a silent myocardial infarction secondary to severe coronary artery vasospasm with undiagnosed severe thyrotoxicosis. He had complete resolution of heart failure and no further recurrence of coronary artery vasospasm once treatment for thyrotoxicosis was initiated and euthyroidism achieved. This life-threatening consequence has an excellent prognosis if recognised early and treated promptly.

Matched MeSH terms: Coronary Artery Disease
Fulltext Applicability of the World Health Organization recommended new shorter regimen in a multidrug-resistant tuberculosis high burden country

Javaid A, Ahmad N, Khan AH, Shaheen Z

Eur Respir J, 2017 01;49(1).
PMID: 28049176 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.01967-2016
Matched MeSH terms: Communicable Disease Control/standards; Infectious Disease Medicine/standards
Fulltext The Microenvironment in Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Malignancies

Tan GW, Visser L, Tan LP, van den Berg A, Diepstra A

Pathogens, 2018 04 13;7(2).
PMID: 29652813 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens7020040

The Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) can cause a wide variety of cancers upon infection of different cell types and induces a highly variable composition of the tumor microenvironment (TME). This TME consists of both innate and adaptive immune cells and is not merely an aspecific reaction to the tumor cells. In fact, latent EBV-infected tumor cells utilize several specific mechanisms to form and shape the TME to their own benefit. These mechanisms have been studied largely in the context of EBV+ Hodgkin lymphoma, undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and EBV+ gastric cancer. This review describes the composition, immune escape mechanisms, and tumor cell promoting properties of the TME in these three malignancies. Mechanisms of susceptibility which regularly involve genes related to immune system function are also discussed, as only a small proportion of EBV-infected individuals develops an EBV-associated malignancy.

Matched MeSH terms: Hodgkin Disease
Fulltext Psychological interventions for behavioral adjustments in diabetes care - a value-based approach to disease control

Chew BH, Fernandez A, Shariff-Ghazali S

Psychol Res Behav Manag, 2018;11:145-155.
PMID: 29765258 DOI: 10.2147/PRBM.S117224

Psychological aspects of a person, such as the personal value and belief systems, cognition and emotion, form the basis of human health behaviors, which, in turn, influence self-management, self-efficacy, quality of life, disease control and clinical outcomes in people with chronic diseases such as diabetes mellitus. However, psychological, psychosocial and behavioral interventions aimed at these groups of patients have yielded inconsistent effects in terms of clinical outcomes in clinical trials. This might have been due to differing conceptualization of health behavioral theories and models in the interventions. Assimilating different theories of human behavior, this narrative review attempts to demonstrate the potential modulatory effects of intrinsic values on cognitive and affective health-directed interventions. Interventions that utilize modification of cognition alone via education or that focuses on both cognitive and emotional levels are hardly adequate to initiate health-seeking behavior and much less to sustain them. People who are aware of their own personal values and purpose in life would be more motivated to practice good health-related behavior and persevere in them.

Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
Fulltext Purposeless Groaning in Parkinson's Disease

Lim SY, Tan AH, Lim JL, Ahmad-Annuar A

J Mov Disord, 2018 May;11(2):87-88.
PMID: 29860787 DOI: 10.14802/jmd.18004

Purposeless groaning has been reported in advanced progressive supranuclear palsy. We present a case of purposeless groaning occurring as a primary complaint in a patient with advanced Parkinson's disease. Purposeless groaning is thought to be a manifestation of disinhibition and perseveration due to frontal-subcortical dysfunction. Proper recognition of this phenomenon will help clinicians to avoid unnecessary investigations and treatment (e.g., prescription of opioid medications).

Matched MeSH terms: Parkinson Disease
Fulltext Status epilepticus as the initial presentation of antibody-negative Goodpasture's syndrome

Ting IP, Abdul Halim S, Adnan A, Jaafar H

BMJ Case Rep, 2017 Aug 01;2017.
PMID: 28765179 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2017-219628

Goodpasture's syndrome is a rare pulmonary-renal disease. It is characterised by presence of auto-antibodies directed against the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) antigen. These antibodies that bind to the GBM antigens cause rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. The alveolar basement membrane also contains similar antigen, leading to pulmonary haemorrhage in active disease. We report a case of a young man who initially presented with status epilepticus and later was found to have rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis with pulmonary haemorrhage. Serum anti-GBM antibody was negative but the renal biopsy confirmed the diagnosis by showing typical linear IgG along the GBM on immunofluorescent study. He was treated with plasmapheresis and high-dose steroid in combination with oral cyclophosphamide. His renal function normalised after treatment.

Matched MeSH terms: Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease/immunology; Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease/pathology*; Anti-Glomerular Basement Membrane Disease/therapy
Nephrology in the Oceania-South East Asia region: perspectives and challenges

Kerr PG, Tran HTB, Ha Phan HA, Liew A, Hooi LS, Johnson DW, et al.

Kidney Int, 2018 09;94(3):465-470.
PMID: 30045813 DOI: 10.1016/j.kint.2018.05.014
Matched MeSH terms: Global Burden of Disease/economics; Global Burden of Disease/trends; Global Burden of Disease/statistics & numerical data*
Functional role of circular RNAs in cancer development and progression

Ng WL, Mohd Mohidin TB, Shukla K

RNA Biol, 2018;15(8):995-1005.
PMID: 29954251 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2018.1486659

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a large class of endogenously expressed non-coding RNAs formed by covalently closed loops through back-splicing. High throughput sequencing technologies have identified thousands of circRNAs with high sequence conservation and cell type specific expression in eukaryotes. CircRNAs play multiple important roles in cellular physiology functioning as miRNA sponges, transcriptional regulators, RBP binding molecules, templates for protein translation, and immune regulators. In a clinical context, circRNAs expression is correlated with patient's clinicopathological features in cancers including breast, liver, gastric, colorectal, and lung cancer. Additionally, distinct properties of circRNAs, such as high stability, exonuclease resistance, and existence in body fluids, show promising role for circRNAs as molecular biomarkers for tumor diagnosis, non-invasive monitoring, prognosis, and therapeutic intervention. Therefore, it is critical to further understand the molecular mechanism underlying circRNAs interaction in tumors and the recent progress of this RNA species in cancer development. In this review, we provide a detailed description of biological functions, molecular role of circRNAs in different cancers, and its potential role as biomarkers in a clinical context.

Matched MeSH terms: Disease Progression
Fulltext Evaluation of the Role Played by Cyclin D1 as a Diagnostic and Prognostic Marker in the Progression of Oral Carcinogenesis

John RR, Ravindran C, Malathi N, Aruna RM

J Maxillofac Oral Surg, 2018 Sep;17(3):389-395.
PMID: 30034160 DOI: 10.1007/s12663-018-1087-2

Abstract: Cyclin D1 is linked with the development and progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This case-control study was directed to characterise the immunoreactivity of the protein cyclin D1 and its correlation with the clinicopathological parameters of patients with OSCC and potentially malignant disorders (PMD). A group of patients with OSCC were followed up after treatment, and the cyclin D1 expression was reviewed for correlation of cyclin D1 expression with prognosis of the patients.
Methodology: Sixty individuals were included in this study: OSCC (20), PMD (20) and Control (20). Immunohistochemistry assay was evaluated. The clinicopathological parameters were correlated with the staining intensity of cyclin D1. The results were subjected to Pearson's correlation test.
Results: Age, gender and site showed no statistically significant correlation with cyclin D1 expression in OSCC and PMD. The cyclin D1 score did not show a significant difference with histopathological diagnosis of OSCC. Cyclin D1 was not expressed in 60% of the Control and 30% PMD cases while the expression of cyclin D1 was seen in 100% of OSCC cases although cyclin D1 score did not show a statistically significant association in the prognosis of the disease among the OSCC patients.

Matched MeSH terms: Disease Progression
Fulltext Pathological laughter associated with cerebral lupus: a case report

Singh J, Ahmad N, Chai YC

ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, 2017;18(1):107-113.
MyJurnal

Objective: Pathological laughter, pseudobulbar affect or a myriad of its other synonyms, is a condition common secondary to neurological injury, presenting with uncontrolled laughing or crying, appearing to be mood-incongruent and significantly debilitating. The objective of this case report is to highlight a rare case of pathological laughter associated with Cerebral Lupus.
Methods: We report a case of a 27-year-old lady presenting with signs and symptoms of stroke with dysarthria progressing to aphasia and then pathological laughter, with an underlying poorly controlled Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, manifesting as Cerebral Lupus.
Results: An improvement in affect congruency followed by decreased frequency of outbreaks among bouts of pathological laughter.
Conclusion: The combination of Escitalopram and Topiramate is effective in the symptomatic treatment of Pathological Laughter.

Matched MeSH terms: Disease Outbreaks
Fulltext Comparison of the viability of probiotics from various cultured-milk drinks in a simulated pH study of the human gastrointestinal tract

Ting, A.S.Y, DeCosta, J.L.

International Food Research Journal, 2009;16(1):59-64.
MyJurnal

Different probiotic strains are incorporated into cultured-milk drinks by respective manufacturers with the common aim of providing health benefits to the consumers. Four common cultured-milk products (brands N, S, V and Y) were evaluated for their quality of probiotic strains used, based on the susceptibility of the probiotics to various pH levels simulated to mimic the gastrointestinal system. Results showed that brands Y and V have higher initial probiotic inoculum compared to brands N and S although probiotics from brands N and S were more tolerant to pH 3. Generally, all probiotic strains preferred higher pH with highest viability of Lactobacillus spp., Bifidobacterium spp., and Streptococcus thermophilus observed at pH 8.1. Our study also discovered that among the four brands tested, brand V contained probiotic strains which are most likely to remain viable after passage through the gastrointestinal system.

Matched MeSH terms: Disease Susceptibility
Fulltext A review on the global widespread of TTV infection among humans population

Nur Syazwani Jarkasi, Zamberi Sekawi, Cheah, Yoke Kqueen, Zulkefley Othman

The Pertanika Journal of Scholarly Research Reviews, 2018;4(1):10-24.
MyJurnal

Torque Teno Virus (TTV) is a human-infected virus that is present ubiquitously in nature. Globally, it infects up to 95% of the healthy individuals without any clinical manifestations. The widely used laboratory diagnosis of TTV infection is Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Nevertheless, several other methods have been developed. The rapid growth of TTV variants over time has posed a challenge in estimating the global TTV infection as none of the PCR protocol has the ability to detect the entire spectrum of TTV variants. Multiple TTV epidemiological studies have been conducted among Asian population, whereas other continents showed a limited number of studies. The horizontal and vertical transmission of TTV among humans population, as well as interspecies transmission are potentially related to the global widespread of TTV infection.

Matched MeSH terms: Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical

Filters

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links