Displaying publications 141 - 160 of 15564 in total

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  1. Zeldin S, Krauss SE, Kim T, Collura J, Abdullah H
    J Youth Adolesc, 2016 08;45(8):1638-51.
    PMID: 26092232 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-015-0320-2
    After-school programs are prevalent across the world, but there is a paucity of research that examines quality within the "black box" of programs at the point of service. Grounded in current theory, this research examined hypothesized pathways between the experience of youth-adult partnership (youth voice in decision-making; supportive adult relationships), the mediators of program safety and engagement, and the developmental outcomes of youth empowerment (leadership competence, policy control) and community connectedness (community connections, school attachment). Surveys were administered to 207 ethnically diverse (47.3 % female; 63.3 % Malay) youth, age 15-16, attending after-school co-curricular programs in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Results showed that youth voice in program decision-making predicted both indicators of youth empowerment. Neither youth voice nor supportive adult relationships was directly associated with community connectedness, however. Program engagement mediated the associations between youth-adult partnership and empowerment. In contrast, program safety mediated the associations between youth-adult partnership and community connectedness. The findings indicate that the two core components of youth-adult partnership-youth voice and supportive adult relationships-may operate through different, yet complementary, pathways of program quality to predict developmental outcomes. Implications for future research are highlighted. For reasons of youth development and youth rights, the immediate challenge is to create opportunities for youth to speak on issues of program concern and to elevate those adults who are able and willing to help youth exercise their voice.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adult
  2. Zeehaida M, Wan Nor Amilah WA, Amry AR, Hassan S, Sarimah A, Rahmah N
    Trop Biomed, 2008 Dec;25(3):209-16.
    PMID: 19287359
    Amoebic serodiagnosis at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM), Kelantan employs an indirect haemagglutination assay (IHA) which detects anti-Entamoeba histolytica antibodies in patients' serum samples. In an amoebiasis endemic area such as Kelantan, interpretation of a positive IHA result can be problematic due to the high background antibody levels. The TechLab E. histolytica II ELISA is a commercial kit for detection of specific Gal/GalNAc lectin antigen in stool samples, and has been reported to be able to detect the antigen in serum samples from patients with amoebic liver abscess (ALA). Thus in this study we investigated the usefulness of TechLab E. histolytica II ELISA for diagnosis of ALA by comparing it with IHA. This is a cross sectional study involving 58 suspected ALA patients who were admitted to the surgical ward, HUSM, Kelantan. The diagnosis of ALA was established based on clinical symptoms and signs, ultrasound and/or CT scan results. The serum specimens obtained from the patients were tested with IHA (Dade Behring Diagnostics, Marburg, Germany) and TechLab E. histolytica II ELISA (Techlab, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA) according to the manufacturers' instructions. Of the 58 patients, 72.4% (42) were positive by IHA and only 8.6% (5) were positive by the TechLab E. histolytica II ELISA. Agreement between the IHA and ELISA was poor (kappa value 0.019, p=0.691). There was also no correlation between ELISA results and IHA antibody titers. The TechLab E. histolytica II ELISA was not sensitive in detecting amoebic antigen in samples from ALA patients. In addition the results of the test did not correlate with the IHA anti-E. histolytica antibody titres. Therefore, the TechLab E. histolytica II ELISA was found not to be useful for serological diagnosis of ALA at HUSM.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adult
  3. Zayzan KR, Yusof NM, Sulong AF, Zakaria Z, Ab Rahman J
    Singapore Med J, 2020 Dec 02.
    PMID: 33264560 DOI: 10.11622/smedj.2020164
    INTRODUCTION: The clinical outcomes and factors associated with treatment failure of post-traumatic osteomyelitis have been investigated by many studies. However, limb functionality and quality of life following treatment for this condition have not been thoroughly studied.

    METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study that included 47 patients with post-traumatic osteomyelitis of the lower limb. Functional outcome was assessed using the Lower Extremity Functional Score (LEFS), and quality of life was assessed using the validated Malay version of Short Form-36 version 2.

    RESULTS: Mean follow-up time was 4.6 (range 2.3-9.5) years. Median age was 44 years. Osteomyelitis was located in the tibia for 26 patients and in the femur for 21 patients. Osteomyelitis was consequent to internal infection in 38 patients and due to infected open fractures in nine patients. 42 (89.4%) patients had fracture union and control of infection. Bone defect was found to be a significant contributing factor for treatment failure (p = 0.008). The median LEFS for the success group was 65 when compared to 49 for the failure group. Although the success group showed better scores with regard to quality of life, the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant.

    CONCLUSION: The success rate for post-traumatic osteomyelitis of the lower limb was high. The presence of a bone defect was associated with treatment failure. Successfully treated patients had significantly better functional outcomes than failed ones.

    Matched MeSH terms: Adult
  4. Zawiah M, Al-Ashwal FY, Saeed RM, Kubas M, Saeed S, Khan AH, et al.
    Front Public Health, 2020;8:419.
    PMID: 32850608 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.00419
    Background: In the past decade, Yemen has witnessed several disasters that resulted in a crumbled healthcare system. With the declaration of COVID-19 a global pandemic, and later the appearance of first confirmed cases in Yemen, there is an urgent need to assess the preparedness of healthcare facilities (HCFs) and their capacities to tackle a looming COVID-19 outbreak. Herein, we present an assessment of the current state of preparedness and capabilities of HCFs in Yemen to prevent and manage the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods: An online survey for HCFs was developed, validated, and distributed. The questionnaire is divided into five main sections: (1) Demographic variables for participants. (2) HCFs capabilities for COVID-19 outbreak. (3) Support received to face the emergence and spread of COVID-19. (4). Current practices of infection prevention and control measures in the HCFs. The last section focused on the recommendations to ensure effective and timely response to this outbreak in Yemen. Descriptive analysis was used to analyze data using statistical package for social sciences (SPSS), version 23. Results: Responses were received from healthcare workers (HCWs) from 18 out of 22 governorates in Yemen. Out of the 296 HCWs who participated in the study, the vast majority (93.9%) believed that the healthcare system in Yemen does not have the resources and capabilities to face and manage a COVID-19 outbreak. Approximately 82.4% of participants rated the general preparedness level of their HCFs as very poor or poor. More specifically, the majority of HCWs rated their HCFs as very poor or poor in term of availability of the following: an adequate number of mechanical ventilators (88.8%), diagnostic devices (88.2%), ICU rooms and beds (81.4%), and isolation rooms (79.7%). Conclusions: The healthcare facilities in Yemen are unprepared and lack the most basic resources and capabilities to cope with or tackle a COVID-19 outbreak. With the current state of a fragile healthcare system, a widespread outbreak of COVID-19 in Yemen could result in devastating consequences. There is an urgent need to provide support to the healthcare workers and HCFs that are on the frontline against COVID-19.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adult; Young Adult
  5. Zawiah M, Yousef AM, Khan AH, Al-Ashwal FY, Matar A, ALKhawaldeh B, et al.
    PLoS One, 2020;15(6):e0234779.
    PMID: 32555684 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234779
    BACKGROUND: Pharmacists have crucial role in providing drug information and medication counseling to patients. This survey aimed to benchmark the current knowledge of the pharmacists concerning food-drug interactions (FDIs) in Jordan.

    METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Amman, the capital and largest city of Jordan, using a validated questionnaire. It was distributed to pharmacists working in community and hospital pharmacies using a convenience sampling technique. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed in this study.

    RESULTS: A total of 340 questionnaires distributed, 300 (88%) pharmacists responded. Over 50% of pharmacists claimed that they have sufficient knowledge regarding FDI. Virtually, the overall median (interquartile range) knowledge score was 18 (15-21), approximately 60%. The highest knowledge scores were for alcohol-drug interactions section (66.6%) followed by both common food-drug interactions and the timing of drug intake to food consumption sections with a score of (58.3%) for each, reflecting a suboptimal knowledge of FDIs among the pharmacists.

    CONCLUSION: Pharmacists had unsatisfactory knowledge about common FDIs, with no significant difference between hospital and community pharmacists. Therefore, more attention and efforts should be played to improve awareness about potential food-drug interactions.

    Matched MeSH terms: Adult
  6. Zawiah Kassim, Fauziah Ahmad, Rusnaini Mustapha Kamar, Karis Misiran
    MyJurnal
    Safety and feasibility of transoral robotic surgery (TORS) in adults for otolaryngology surgery,
    mainly in the treatment of oropharyngeal carcinoma and obstructive sleep apnoea has already
    been established several years ago. However, less is known with respect to the role and safety
    of TORS for otolaryngology surgery in the paediatric age group and its description in the
    literature is currently insufficient. As paediatric patients are unique in their anatomy, physiology
    and pharmacological kinetic, special attention and consideration has to be applied when using
    TORS, hence this increases the perioperative challenges. Herewith we present our experience
    in anaesthetising a paediatric patient for TORS adenotonsillectomy which is the first not only
    in our centre but in Malaysia. Our major obstacle was the limited airway access as the area of
    concern was shared by the anaesthesiologist, surgeon and also the robotic system.
    Haemodynamic stabilisation was a challenge compared to the conventional method as the
    operative time increased due to robot docking time and the new surgical learning process. In
    our opinion, the key point for the success of TORS adenotonsillectomy in paediatric patients is
    good communication and teamwork between all personnel involved in the surgery.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adult
  7. Zaris SNABSM, Ahmad MSB, Mohamed SZB, Shuid ANB, Mohamed INB, Mokhtar SAB
    Malaysia is a multi-ethnic country with an osteoporosis prevalence of 24.1% in 2005. Only few study reported on osteoporosis awareness. Aim of this study was to investigate the awareness and knowledge regarding osteoporosis among persons attending orthopaedic clinic at Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM) Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur. A total of 368 participants (male and female) aged 20 years old or older, was assessed using the Osteoporosis Questionnaire (OPQ). The mean total OPQ score was 1.7 (SD ± 3.08; range -5 to 9; maximum possible score 20). Subjects with family history of osteoporosis and high education level were found to have significantly higher OPQ scores (p<0.05). However, there was no significant difference (p>0.05) with respect to different age groups, gender, ethnicities, and menopausal status. The main source of osteoporosis knowledge was magazine/newspaper (45.9%). An overall low score indicates that new strategies to increase awareness of osteoporosis among the public is urgently required.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adult
  8. Zarina AL, Norazlin KN, Hamidah A, Aziz DA, Zulkifli SZ, Jamal R
    Med J Malaysia, 2010 Dec;65(4):283-5.
    PMID: 21901946
    Splenectomised thalassaemia patients are at risk of developing sepsis. As the infection may be life-threatening, treatment should be sought and given promptly. A retrospective study was performed amongst our thalassaemia major patients who were splenectomised. The vaccination status of each patient and the types of infections seen were reviewed to obtain a local perspective. In our cohort of 49 splenectomised patients, 25 patients required hospitalization for the treatment of infection. There were a total of 40 febrile episodes within this hospitalised group of which 27.5% were microbiologically documented infection with bacteraemia. The predominant causative organisms were gram negative rods and three patients succumbed to overwhelming septicaemic shock as a result of delayed presentation. Sixty percent of the febrile episodes were clinically documented infection and comprised mainly upper respiratory tract infections. Based on the spectrum of infections seen, there is a need to improve the patients' awareness level so that early treatment is sought. There is also a need to re-address the approach towards vaccination in this immunocompromised group of patients by administering a booster pneumococcal and influenza vaccination in an attempt to reduce morbidity.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adult
  9. Zarina AL, Hamidah A, Zulkifli SZ, Jamal R
    PMID: 15916058
    Thalassemia is the commonest hemoglobinopathy in Malaysia. Patients with thalassemia major are transfusion dependent, and a large proportion of them will require splenectomy. As this particular group of patients is immunocompromized, overwhelming sepsis is a recognized complication. We report a series of three patients who all developed intra-abdominal abscesses following splenectomy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adult
  10. Zaribaf F, Mohammadifard N, Sarrafzadegan N, Karimi G, Gholampour A, Azadbakht L
    J Cardiovasc Thorac Res, 2019;11(1):19-27.
    PMID: 31024668 DOI: 10.15171/jcvtr.2019.04
    Introduction:
    Lipid metabolism is one of the main concerns of cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis. Little is known about the association between dietary patterns and dyslipidemia. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine such association among Iranian adults.
    Methods:
    This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1433 Iranian adults in Isfahan Healthy Heart Program (IHHP). Usual dietary intakes were assessed with the use of a 48 items food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Factor analysis was used to identify dietary patterns. Three major dietary patterns were identified: western, semi healthy and healthy fat patterns.
    Results:
    After adjustment, subjects in the upper quartiles of western dietary pattern were more likely to have high total cholesterol concentrations than those in the first quartile (odds ratio [OR]: 2.07; 95% CI: 1.25-3.42). Individuals with greater adherence to western dietary pattern had greater odds of having high low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels compared with those in the lowest quartiles (2.53; 1.45-4.40).
    Conclusion:
    Semi healthy dietary pattern was not associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Same trend was observed for healthy fat dietary pattern. Significant association was found between western dietary pattern and dyslipidemia among Iranian adults.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adult
  11. Zarei S, Memari AH, Moshayedi P, Mosayebi F, Mansournia MA, Khoo S, et al.
    Arch Iran Med, 2016 Oct;19(10):704-711.
    PMID: 27743435
    BACKGROUND: Given the importance of regular physical activity, it is crucial to evaluate the factors favoring participation in physical activity. We aimed to report the psychometric analysis of the Farsi version of the Physical Activity and Leisure Motivation Scale (PALMS).

    METHODS: The Farsi version of PALMS was completed by 406 healthy adult individuals to test its factor structure and concurrent validity and reliability.

    RESULTS: Conducting the exploratory factor analysis revealed nine factors that accounted for 64.6% of the variances. The PALMS reliability was supported with a high internal consistency of 0.91 and a high test-retest reliability of 0.97 (95% CI: 0.97-0.98). The association between the PALMS and its previous version Recreational Exercise Motivation Measure scores was strongly significant (r= 0.86, P < 0.001).

    CONCLUSION: We have shown that the Farsi version of the PALMS appears to be a valuable instrument to measure motivation for physical activity and leisure.

    Matched MeSH terms: Adult; Young Adult
  12. Zaraihan S, Azman AB, Tariq AR
    Med J Malaysia, 1994 Dec;49(4):355-63.
    PMID: 7674971
    The fasting lipid profile of a sample of Malays, Chinese and Indians in Peninsular Malaysia was studied to see whether these might explain differences in the rate of coronary heart disease mortality amongst the three ethnic groups. Fifty healthy subjects were studied from each of the three groups. They were matched for age, body mass index, gender and smoking habits, if any. The total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratio and LDL-cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratio were found to be statistically higher in the Indians than in the Malays and the Chinese. The differences between the Indians and the Chinese were statistically more significant than the differences between the Indians and the Malays. Our findings may partially explain the higher predisposition of the Indian community in Malaysia to CHD mortality and are consistent with those of other studies performed on Indian communities living outside the Indian subcontinent.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adult
  13. Zanjani KS, Wong AR, Sadiq M, Weber HS, Cutler NG
    Congenit Heart Dis, 2010 Sep-Oct;5(5):439-43.
    PMID: 21087429 DOI: 10.1111/j.1747-0803.2010.00448.x
    Objectives: There is little evidence in the medical literature about safety of PDA device closure and its effects on aortic root diameter in Marfan patients. We reported on nine Marfan patients whose ducts were occluded by coil or Amplatzer Duct Occluder.
    Patients and interventions: Two patients had aneurismal type E ducts which were closed by a single coil, respectively. The others had conical ducts for which even Amplatzer occluder, stiff, or double coils were used.
    Results: No untoward consequence was found during a median follow up period of 18.5 months (range 3 months to 6.33 years). Two patients had small residual shunts. The observed change in the mean ratio of aortic root diameter to its estimated value was statistically insignificant in seven patients who had complete data on their aortic root diameter before PDA closure and during the follow up.
    Conclusions: We concluded that PDA device closure in Marfan patients is safe. Risk of residual shunt is higher even after closure of small ducts.
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
  14. Zamzuri Z, Yusof M, Hyzan MY
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 Mar;59(1):15-9.
    PMID: 15535330
    This is a prospective study of a series of 26 patients with closed unstable comminuted intra-articular fracture distal end of the radius treated with two different methods of treatment to compare their anatomical and functional results. The external fixation group consisted of 12 patients and internal fixation group consisted of 14 patients. The anatomical and functional assessments were performed at six months and one year. The anatomical results at six months and one year showed that the internal fixation group was effective in maintaining the reduction compared to the external fixation group. The radial height, volar tilt and radial inclination were well maintained. However, the functional results at six months and one year showedno differences between these two types of fixation. The complication rate was higher in external fixation group.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adult
  15. Zamzuri I, Badrisyah I, Rahman GI, Pal HK, Muzaimi M, Jafri AM, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 2011 Oct;66(4):346-9.
    PMID: 22299555 MyJurnal
    Stereotactic radiosurgery uses a single fraction high dose radiation while stereotactic radiotherapy uses multifractionated lower dose focused radiation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adult
  16. Zamzuri I, Rahman GI, Muzaimi M, Jafri AM, Nik Ruzman NI, Lutfi YA, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 2012 Feb;67(1):121-2.
    PMID: 22582564 MyJurnal
    High grade gliomas, frequently with their infiltrative nature, often make the outcome from neurosurgical intervention alone unsatisfactory. It is recognized that adjuvant radiochemotherapy approaches offer an improved prognosis. For these reasons, we opted for surgical debulking, intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) in combination with whole brain irradiation therapy and chemotherapy (temozolamide cycles) in the management of a 42 year-old lady with Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM). Her troublesome symptoms improved after 3 months of this polymodal therapy and remained independently functional for more than two years.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adult
  17. Zamzuri I, Idris NR, Mar W, Abdullah JM, Zakaria A, Biswal BM
    Med J Malaysia, 2006 Dec;61(5):621-5.
    PMID: 17623965 MyJurnal
    Precision Radiotherapy at high doses require a fixed, referable target point. The frame system fulfills the required criteria by making the target point relocatable and fixed within a stereotactic space. Since December 2001, we have treated 28 central and peripheral nervous system lesions using either radiosurgery as a single high dose fraction or fractionated 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy using a lower dose and a multi-leaf collimator. Various pathological lesions either benign or malignant were treated. Eighty six percent of our treated lesions showed growth restraint, preventing them from causing new symptoms with a median follow-up duration of 20.5 months. However, the true benefit from this technique would require a long-term follow-up to document the progress.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adult
  18. Zamzuri I, Abdullah J, Madhavan M, Ariff AR
    Med J Malaysia, 2002 Mar;57(1):114-7.
    PMID: 14569729
    Epidermoid cysts of the central nervous system are described as rare, benign, slow growing lesions with a history of high rate of recurrence even after surgical removal. This lesion is rarely located at the cerebellopontine angle and is found to be composed of solid and cystic components with close adherence to vital neurovascular structures that might complicate its removal. We present a rare case of a twenty-five year old housewife with signs and symptoms of increased intracranial pressure due to the above pathology after multiple episodes of intra-tumoral bleeding. Microneurosurgical techniques were used for tumour dissection and excision. The patient recovered well after a three-year follow-up. This is the fourth example in the index medicus of bleeding seen in a histopathologically proven cerebellopontine angle intraepidermoid cyst.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adult
  19. Zamzaireen Zainal Abidin, Muhamad Hanafiah Juni, Faisal Ibrahim
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Adherence towards childhood immunization (completeness and timeliness), with consideration of age-dependent-seroconversion, is the basis for children protection. Despite high global and national immunization coverage, vaccine preventable diseases’ are rising. This study aimed to determine adherence (completeness and timeliness) towards different vaccines of childhood immunization and associated factors among mothers of under five children. Methods: Cross-sectional study design was conducted at a health clinic in Seremban. Total of 320 mothers of under five children attending child health clinic selected via systematic random sampling. Data collection was via validated self-administered questionnaires and proforma, analysed using SPSS version 22. Associations between categorical variables determined by chi-square tests. Results: Consented respondents were 314; resulting in response rate of 98.1%. Adherence (completeness) was 98.09% but only 56.5% - 97.1% of respondents adhered in terms of timeliness. Types of transportation was significantly associated with adherence (completeness), p=0.041. Employment status was significantly associated with adherence (timeliness) towards BCG (p=0.008), Hepatitis B dose one (p=0.018) and dose two (p=0.040) vaccines. Education level was significantly associated with adherence (timeliness) towards DTaP/IPV/HiB dose four (p=0.019). Maternal age and usage of government clinic were significantly associated with adherence (timeliness) of MMR dose one, p=0.030 and p=0.017 respectively. Conclusion: Adherence (completeness) was high but varying adherence towards vaccine timeliness. Transportation types associated with completeness. Employment status associated with BCG, first and second doses of Hepatitis B vaccines’ timeliness. Education level associated with fourth dose of DTaP/IPV/HiB. Maternal age and usage of government clinic associated with timeliness of first dose MMR.
    Matched MeSH terms: Adult
  20. Zamri Z, Shaker AH, Razman J
    Clin Ter, 2012;163(5):399-400.
    PMID: 23099969
    Leptospirosis is a zoonosis with worldwide distribution. It is often referred to as swineherd's disease, swamp fever or mud fever. In recent years there is increase incidence in leptospirosis in human. The incidence varies from sporadic in temperate zones to endemic in the tropical countries. Leptospirosis generally present with features of bacterial infection in acute phase following with multi organs complications. Acute bowel ischaemia with perforation following leptospirosis is a rare presentation . To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case report of such condition. The surgical management of this rare incidence will be discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Young Adult
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