Displaying publications 161 - 180 of 470 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Effect of annealing temperatures on TiO2 thin films prepared by spray pyrolysis deposition method
    Fazli FIM, Nayan N, Ahmad MK, Mohd Napi Ml, Hamed NKA, Khalid NS
    Sains Malaysiana, 2016;45:1197-1200.
    Titanium dioxide (TiO2
    ) nanoparticles thin film has been successfully synthesized by a spray pyrolysis deposition method
    by using an air compressor on a fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) substrate and was annealed at different temperature. TiO2
    is the most common oxide as an electrode in dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC) which still has chances of improvements to
    increase its efficiency as an electrode. The efficiency of a DSSC was relatively low but modifications on every part of a
    DSSC were currently in research progress and an increase in adsorbed dye molecules was considered a potential. Thus,
    the influences of annealing temperature on structural and morphological properties of TiO2
    have been studied using
    X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), respectively, while the efficiency of
    the films in a solar cell was studied by a solar simulator. The FESEM result showed several degrees of porosity obtained
    by varying the annealing temperature. The crystallinity of TiO2 investigated by XRD showed that the crystallinity of the
    TiO2
    thin films was generally unaffected by the annealing temperature. The relationship between the properties and the
    efficiency of the films as an electrode was also studied
    Matched MeSH terms: Electrodes
  2. Fulltext Effect of operating parameters on decolourisation of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) using electrocoagulation process
    Nur Syuhaidah Mohd Aris, Shariff Ibrahim, Borhannuddin Arifin, Yahaya Hawari
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2017;25(107):297-206.
    MyJurnal
    Electrocoagulation has proven to be an effective method in the treatment of wastewater. This study evaluated the decolourisation of Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) using electrocoagulation (EC) batch reactor by utilising aluminium as sacrificial electrode. POME sample source from a final discharged pond at a palm oil mill was characterised for its colour, chemical oxygen demand (COD), pH, conductivity and turbidity; were found to be 2707 PtCo, 3909 mg/L, 7.63, 12.82 mS/cm and 755 NTU respectively. The respective effects of operating parameters such as pH (3 to 11), applied voltage (5 V to 20 V), plate gap (7.5 to 11.5 cm) and operating time (1 to 8 hours) were investigated. The decolourisation of POME was observed to increase with increasing voltage and operating time. Highest removal efficiency was observed at pH 5, 20 V applied voltage, 9.5 cm plate gap and at 8-hour operating time with colour removal efficiency of 89, 79, 78 and 64% respectively. From the findings, it can be concluded that electrocoagulation process using aluminium electrodes is a reliable technique for the removal of colour from POME.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electrodes
  3. Effect of scan rate on corrosion inhibition of carbon steel in the presence of rice straw extract - potentiodynamic studies
    Solhan Yahya, Norinsan Kamil Othman, Abd Razak Daud, Azman Jalar
    Sains Malaysiana, 2014;43:1083-1087.
    The effect of scan rate on the accuracy of corrosion parameter in evaluating the efficiency of rice straw extract as corrosion inhibitor has been studied via potentiodynamic polarization measurement. Scan rate in the range of low (0.1- 0.25 mV s-1), medium (0.5-1.0 mV s-1) and high (1.5-2.0 mV s-1) scan were carried out on the carbon steel in 1 M HCl. The corrosion parameters such as corrosion rate, polarization resistance and corrosion current density have been analyzed through Tafel polarization curve. High scan rate gave poor accuracy of corrosion parameter compared to medium and low scan. Medium scan at 1.0 mV s-1 has been chosen as the optimum scan rate due to the approached steady-state and small disturbance of charged current. As a result, the addition of rice straw extract in 1 M HCl has reduced the values of corrosion current density in both cathodic and anodic reactions signified the corrosion has been inhibited. The efficiency of rice straw extracts as a corrosion inhibitor offer good result as much as 86%.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electrodes
  4. Effects of Different Electrode Configurations on the Narrow Band Level-Specific CE-Chirp and Tone-Burst Auditory Brainstem Response at Multiple Intensity Levels and Frequencies in Subjects With Normal Hearing
    Dzulkarnain AAA, Abdullah SA, Ruzai MAM, Ibrahim SHMN, Anuar NFA, Rahim 'EA
    Am J Audiol, 2018 Sep 12;27(3):294-305.
    PMID: 30054628 DOI: 10.1044/2018_AJA-17-0087
    Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of 2 different electrode montages (ipsilateral and vertical) on the auditory brainstem response (ABR) findings elicited from narrow band (NB) level-specific (LS) CE-Chirp and tone-burst in subjects with normal hearing at several intensity levels and frequency combinations.

    Method: Quasi-experimental and repeated-measures study designs were used in this study. Twenty-six adults with normal hearing (17 females, 9 males) participated. ABRs were acquired from the study participants at 3 intensity levels (80, 60, and 40 dB nHL), 3 frequencies (500, 1000, and 2000 Hz), 2 electrode montages (ipsilateral and vertical), and 2 stimuli (NB LS CE-Chirp and tone-burst) using 2 stopping criteria (fixed averages at 4,000 sweeps and F test at multiple points = 3.1).

    Results: Wave V amplitudes were only 19%-26% larger for the vertical recordings than the ipsilateral recordings in both the ABRs obtained from the NB LS CE-Chirp and tone-burst stimuli. The mean differences in the F test at multiple points values and the residual noise levels between the ABRs obtained from the vertical and ipsilateral montages were statistically not significant. In addition, the ABR elicited from the NB LS CE-Chirp was significantly larger (up to 69%) than those from the tone-burst, except at the lower intensity level.

    Conclusion: Both the ipsilateral and vertical montages can be used to record ABR to the NB LS CE-Chirp because of the small enhancement in the wave V amplitude provided by the vertical montage.

    Matched MeSH terms: Electrodes*
  5. Fulltext Effects of Electrodeposition Mode and Deposition Cycle on the Electrochemical Performance of MnO2-NiO Composite Electrodes for High-Energy-Density Supercapacitors
    Rusi, Majid SR
    PLoS One, 2016;11(5):e0154566.
    PMID: 27182595 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154566
    Nanostructured network-like MnO2-NiO composite electrodes were electrodeposited onto stainless steel substrates via different electrodeposition modes, such as chronopotentiometry, chronoamperometry, and cyclic voltammetry, and then subjected to heat treatment at 300°C for metal oxide conversion. X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy were used to study the crystalline natures and morphologies of the deposited films. The electrochemical properties were investigated using cyclic voltammetry and charge/discharge tests. The results revealed that the electrochemical performance of the as-obtained composite electrodes depended on the electrodeposition mode. The electrochemical properties of MnO2-NiO composite electrodes prepared using cyclic voltammetry exhibited the highest capacitance values and were most influenced by the deposition cycle number. The optimum specific capacitance was 3509 Fg-1 with energy and power densities of 1322 Wh kg-1 and 110.5 kW kg-1, respectively, at a current density of 20 Ag-1 in a mixed KOH/K3Fe(CN)6 electrolyte.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electrodes*
  6. Effects of anodizing parameters and heat treatment on nanotopographical features, bioactivity, and cell culture response of additively manufactured porous titanium
    Amin Yavari S, Chai YC, Böttger AJ, Wauthle R, Schrooten J, Weinans H, et al.
    Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2015 Jun;51:132-8.
    PMID: 25842117 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.02.050
    Anodizing could be used for bio-functionalization of the surfaces of titanium alloys. In this study, we use anodizing for creating nanotubes on the surface of porous titanium alloy bone substitutes manufactured using selective laser melting. Different sets of anodizing parameters (voltage: 10 or 20V anodizing time: 30min to 3h) are used for anodizing porous titanium structures that were later heat treated at 500°C. The nanotopographical features are examined using electron microscopy while the bioactivity of anodized surfaces is measured using immersion tests in the simulated body fluid (SBF). Moreover, the effects of anodizing and heat treatment on the performance of one representative anodized porous titanium structures are evaluated using in vitro cell culture assays using human periosteum-derived cells (hPDCs). It has been shown that while anodizing with different anodizing parameters results in very different nanotopographical features, i.e. nanotubes in the range of 20 to 55nm, anodized surfaces have limited apatite-forming ability regardless of the applied anodizing parameters. The results of in vitro cell culture show that both anodizing, and thus generation of regular nanotopographical feature, and heat treatment improve the cell culture response of porous titanium. In particular, cell proliferation measured using metabolic activity and DNA content was improved for anodized and heat treated as well as for anodized but not heat-treated specimens. Heat treatment additionally improved the cell attachment of porous titanium surfaces and upregulated expression of osteogenic markers. Anodized but not heat-treated specimens showed some limited signs of upregulated expression of osteogenic markers. In conclusion, while varying the anodizing parameters creates different nanotube structure, it does not improve apatite-forming ability of porous titanium. However, both anodizing and heat treatment at 500°C improve the cell culture response of porous titanium.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electrodes
  7. Effects of azide on electron transport of exoelectrogens in air-cathode microbial fuel cells
    Zhou X, Qu Y, Kim BH, Choo PY, Liu J, Du Y, et al.
    Bioresour Technol, 2014 Oct;169:265-70.
    PMID: 25062537 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.07.012
    The effects of azide on electron transport of exoelectrogens were investigated using air-cathode MFCs. These MFCs enriched with azide at the concentration higher than 0.5mM generated lower current and coulomb efficiency (CE) than the control reactors, but at the concentration lower than 0.2mM MFCs generated higher current and CE. Power density curves showed overshoot at higher azide concentrations, with power and current density decreasing simultaneously. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) showed that azide at high concentration increased the charge transfer resistance. These analyses might reflect that a part of electrons were consumed by the anode microbial population rather than transferred to the anode. Bacterial population analyses showed azide-enriched anodes were dominated by Deltaproteobacteria compared with the controls. Based on these results it is hypothesized that azide can eliminate the growth of aerobic respiratory bacteria, and at the same time is used as an electron acceptor/sink.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electrodes
  8. Effects of electric potential, NaCl, pH and distance between electrodes on efficiency of electrolysis in landfill leachate treatment
    Erabee IK, Ahsan A, Jose B, Arunkumar T, Sathyamurthy R, Idrus S, et al.
    J Environ Sci Health A Tox Hazard Subst Environ Eng, 2017 Jul 03;52(8):735-741.
    PMID: 28471297 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2017.1303309
    This study investigated the effects of different parameters on the removal efficiencies of organic and inorganic pollutants in landfill leachate treatment by electrolysis. Different parameters were considered such as the electric potential (e.g., 24, 40 and 60 V), hydraulic retention time (HRT) (e.g., 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 min), sodium chloride (NaCl) concentration (e.g., 1, 3, 5 and 7%), pH (e.g., 3, 7 and 9), electrodes materials [e.g., aluminum (Al) and iron (Fe)] and distance between electrodes (e.g., 1, 2 and 3 cm). The best operational condition of electrolysis was then recommended. The electric potential of 60 V with HRT of 120 min at 5% of NaCl solution using Al as anode and Fe as cathode (kept at a distance of 3 cm) was the most efficient condition which increased the removal efficiencies of various parameters such as turbidity, salinity, total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and heavy metals (e.g., Zn and Mn). The higher removal percentages of many parameters, especially COD (94%) and Mn (93%) indicated that the electrolysis is an efficient technique for multi-pollutants (e.g., organic, inorganic and heavy metals) removal from the landfill leachate.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electrodes
  9. Effects of inter-electrode gap and discharge voltage on EUV emission from stainless steel vacuum spark plasma
    Saboohi S, Yap S, Chan L, Wong C
    Sains Malaysiana, 2012;41:879-884.
    The emission of Extreme Ultra Violet (EUV) from plasma produced by vacuum spark discharge using stainless steel as anode material was investigated. The operating pressure for all the experiments carried out was maintained at below 10-4 mbar. The discharge voltage tested was from 8 kV to 20 kV. The inter-electrode distance suitable for high intensity and reproducible EUV emissions was found to be in the range of 2.6 mm to 4.6 mm. The output EUV energy scaled as ~ V02, where V0 is the discharge voltage.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electrodes
  10. Electrical characteristics and modeling of a filamentary dielectric barrier discharge in atmospheric air
    Tay W, Yap S, Wong C
    Sains Malaysiana, 2014;43:583-594.
    The electrical characteristics of a filamentary dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) are studied experimentally and numerically. The DBD system which has parallel plate electrodes geometry is powered by a 50 Hz power supply and operated at atmospheric air. A dynamic electric circuit model considering the discharge region and the non-discharge region being connected by a surface resistance is proposed. Simulation using this model is shown to fit the experimentally measured QV diagram satisfactorily. The effects of the air gap distance and the dielectric surface on the discharge behavior are then investigated. It is found that the surface resistivity of the dielectric is one of the important parameters governing the discharge behavior.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electrodes
  11. Fulltext Electrical characterization of gold-DNA-gold structures in presence of an external magnetic field by means of I-V curve analysis
    Khatir NM, Banihashemian SM, Periasamy V, Ritikos R, Majid WHA, Rahman SA
    Sensors (Basel), 2012;12(3):3578-3586.
    PMID: 22737025 DOI: 10.3390/s120303578
    This work presents an experimental study of gold-DNA-gold structures in the presence and absence of external magnetic fields with strengths less than 1,200.00 mT. The DNA strands, extracted by standard method were used to fabricate a Metal-DNA-Metal (MDM) structure. Its electric behavior when subjected to a magnetic field was studied through its current-voltage (I-V) curve. Acquisition of the I-V curve demonstrated that DNA as a semiconductor exhibits diode behavior in the MDM structure. The current versus magnetic field strength followed a decreasing trend because of a diminished mobility in the presence of a low magnetic field. This made clear that an externally imposed magnetic field would boost resistance of the MDM structure up to 1,000.00 mT and for higher magnetic field strengths we can observe an increase in potential barrier in MDM junction. The magnetic sensitivity indicates the promise of using MDM structures as potential magnetic sensors.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electrodes
  12. Fulltext Electrical resistivity survey data for potential aquifer in Banggi Island, Sabah, Malaysia
    Rahman MNIA, Jeofry H, Basarian MS
    Data Brief, 2020 Oct;32:106194.
    PMID: 32904202 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.106194
    The survey data on potential aquifer was collected at two sites located in Banggi Island (i.e. Laksian Primary School [LPS] and Padang Primary School [PPS]), Malaysia on 25 and 26 April 2013. Both locations are geologically surrounded by various types of lithologies, namely, sandstone, mudstone, siltstone, shale, chert, conglomerate, lignite, tuff, limestone, terrace sand, gravel and coral. The resistivity data consisted of six-line pole-dipole short arrays and were recorded in-situ using SAS 4000 ABEM Lund Imaging System, together with a relay switching unit (Electrode Selector ES 464), six multiconductor cables, steel rod electrodes and jumpers. The data, namely electrode spacing, depth of investigation, subsurface resistivity, type of material and horizontal data coverage were used to assess the characteristics of the potential aquifer. The recorded data were then processed using RES2DINV software to obtain 2-D inversion model of the subsurface. The data were also equipped with six models of inverse resistivity section for both areas. The data obtained can be used by the government and stakeholders for groundwater exploration and extraction in order to provide water supplies for local communities, especially since access to these resources from the surrounding water treatment plants on the island is limited.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electrodes
  13. Electro polymerized 4-vinyl pyridine on 2B pencil graphite as ionophore for cadmium (II)
    Wee Ling JL, Khan A, Saad B, Ab Ghani S
    Talanta, 2012 Jan 15;88:477-83.
    PMID: 22265529 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2011.11.018
    A new poly(4-vinyl pyridine) (P4VP) based cadmium (Cd)-ion selective electrode (ISE) was developed. The 4-vinyl pyridine (4VP) was first polymerized electrochemically on the surface of graphite, later characterized by FTIR, SEM/EDX and then optimized as ISE for Cd. At optimal pH 6.4, slope of 27.7±0.8mVdecade(-1), linear concentration range of 1×10(-7) to 1.0×10(-1)M Cd(2+) and limit of detection (S/N=3) of 2.51×10(-8)M were obtained. The ISE was very selective towards Cd(2+), with K(pot)<1×10(-2) in the presence of the usual cations and anions in water samples. Response time and shelf life of less than 1min and 90 days, respectively, were observed. Its application was tested in various types of samples.
    Matched MeSH terms: Ion-Selective Electrodes
  14. Electrocatalytic Reduction of Hydrogen Peroxide and Its Non-Enzymatic Electrochemical Detection Using Silver Nanoparticles Anchored on Reduced Graphene Oxide
    Ikhsan NI, Rameshkumar P, Yusoff N, Huang NM
    J Nanosci Nanotechnol, 2019 Nov 01;19(11):7054-7063.
    PMID: 31039858 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2019.16630
    Silver-reduced graphene oxide (Ag-rGO) nanohybrid was synthesized by applying a slight modification to the Turkevich method using trisodium citrate as a reducing and stabilizing agent to catalyze the non-enzymatic electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). Spherical silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with an average particle size of 2.2 nm surfaced on reduced graphene oxide (rGO) sheets. Cyclic voltammograms (CV) obtained from glassy carbon (GC) electrode coated with Ag-rGO nanohybrid (4 mM) exhibited a peak at an overpotential of -0.52 V, with a larger faradaic current for the reduction of H₂O₂. Using the modified electrode for the linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) detection of H₂O₂, the detection limit and sensitivity were determined to be 4.8 μM (S/N ═ 3) and 0.0262 μA μM-1, respectively. The sensor appeared selective and stable towards H₂O₂ in the presence of possible interference, and it also demonstrated good recoveries of H₂O₂ concentration in real water samples.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electrodes
  15. Fulltext Electrochemical Biosensor for Nitrite Based on Polyacrylic-Graphene Composite Film with Covalently Immobilized Hemoglobin
    Raja Jamaluddin RZA, Yook Heng L, Tan LL, Chong KF
    Sensors (Basel), 2018 Apr 26;18(5).
    PMID: 29701688 DOI: 10.3390/s18051343
    A new biosensor for the analysis of nitrite in food was developed based on hemoglobin (Hb) covalently immobilized on the succinimide functionalized poly(n-butyl acrylate)-graphene [poly(nBA)-rGO] composite film deposited on a carbon-paste screen-printed electrode (SPE). The immobilized Hb on the poly(nBA)-rGO conducting matrix exhibited electrocatalytic ability for the reduction of nitrite with significant enhancement in the reduction peak at −0.6 V versus Ag/AgCl reference electrode. Thus, direct determination of nitrite can be achieved by monitoring the cathodic peak current signal of the proposed polyacrylic-graphene hybrid film-based voltammetric nitrite biosensor. The nitrite biosensor exhibited a reproducible dynamic linear response range from 0.05⁻5 mg L−1 nitrite and a detection limit of 0.03 mg L−1. No significant interference was observed by potential interfering ions such as Ca2+, Na⁺, K⁺, NH₄⁺, Mg2+, and NO₃− ions. Analysis of nitrite in both raw and processed edible bird’s nest (EBN) samples demonstrated recovery of close to 100%. The covalent immobilization of Hb on poly(nBA)-rGO composite film has improved the performance of the electrochemical nitrite biosensor in terms of broader detection range, lower detection limit, and prolonged biosensor stability.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electrodes
  16. Electrochemical Characteristics of a Polymer/Garnet Trilayer Composite Electrolyte for Solid-State Lithium-Metal Batteries
    Walle KZ, Musuvadhi Babulal L, Wu SH, Chien WC, Jose R, Lue SJ, et al.
    ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 2021 Jan 20;13(2):2507-2520.
    PMID: 33406841 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c17422
    Although solid-state Li-metal batteries (LMBs) featuring polymer-based solid electrolytes might one day replace conventional Li-ion batteries, the poor Li-ion conductivity of solid polymer electrolytes at low temperatures has hindered their practical applications. Herein, we describe the first example of using a co-precipitation method in a Taylor flow reactor to produce the metal hydroxides of both the Ga/F dual-doped Li7La3Zr2O12 (Ga/F-LLZO) ceramic electrolyte precursors and the Li2MoO4-modified Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (LMO@T-LNCM 811) cathode materials for LMBs. The Li/Nafion (LiNf)-coated Ga/F-LLZO (LiNf@Ga/F-LLZO) ceramic filler was finely dispersed in the poly(vinylidene fluoride)/polyacrylonitrile/lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonimide)/succinonitrile matrix to give a trilayer composite polymer electrolyte (denoted "Tri-CPE") through a simple solution-casting. The bulk ionic conductivity of the Tri-CPE at room temperature was approximately 4.50 × 10-4 S cm-1 and exhibited a high Li+ ion transference number (0.84). It also exhibits a broader electrochemical window of 1-5.04 V versus Li/Li+. A full cell based on a CR2032 coin cell containing the LMO@T-LNCM811-based composite cathode, when cycled under 1 C/1 C at room temperature for 300 cycles, achieved an average Columbic efficiency of 99.4% and a capacity retention of 89.8%. This novel fabrication strategy for Tri-CPE structures has potential applications in the preparation of highly safe high-voltage cathodes for solid-state LMBs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electrodes
  17. Electrochemical DNA biosensor for the detection of specific gene related to Trichoderma harzianum species
    Siddiquee S, Yusof NA, Salleh AB, Abu Bakar F, Heng LY
    Bioelectrochemistry, 2010 Aug;79(1):31-6.
    PMID: 19945357 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2009.10.004
    A new electrochemical biosensor is described for voltammetric detection of gene sequence related to Trichoderma harzianum. The sensor involves immobilization of a 20 base single-stranded probe (ssDNA), which is complementary to a specific gene sequence related to T. harzianum on a gold electrode through specific adsorption. The DNA probe was used to determine the amount of target gene in solution using methylene blue (MB) as the electrochemical indicator. The covalently immobilized probe could selectively hybridize with the target DNA to form a hybrid on the surface despite the bases being attached to the electrode. The changes in the peak currents of methylene blue (MB), an electroactive label, were observed upon hybridization of probe with the target. Peak currents were found to increase in the following order: hybrid-modified AuE and the probe-modified AuE which localized to the affinity of MB. Control experiments with the non-complementary oligonucleotides were performed to assess whether the DNA biosensor responds selectively, via hybridization, to the target. DNA biosensor also able to detect microorganism at the species levels without nucleic acid amplification. The redox current was linearly related to the concentration of target oligonucleotide DNA, ranged from 1-20 ppm. Numerous factors, affecting the probe immobilization, target hybridization and indicator binding reactions are optimized to maximize the sensitivity and reduce the assay time.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electrodes
  18. Fulltext Electrochemical Detection of Arsenite Using a Silica Nanoparticles-Modified Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode
    Ismail S, Yusof NA, Abdullah J, Abd Rahman SF
    Materials (Basel), 2020 Jul 16;13(14).
    PMID: 32708531 DOI: 10.3390/ma13143168
    Arsenic poisoning in the environment can cause severe effects on human health, hence detection is crucial. An electrochemical-based portable assessment of arsenic contamination is the ability to identify arsenite (As(III)). To achieve this, a low-cost electroanalytical assay for the detection of As(III) utilizing a silica nanoparticles (SiNPs)-modified screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) was developed. The morphological and elemental analysis of functionalized SiNPs and a SiNPs/SPCE-modified sensor was studied using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The electrochemical responses towards arsenic detection were measured using the cyclic voltammetry (CV) and linear sweep anodic stripping voltammetry (LSASV) techniques. Under optimized conditions, the anodic peak current was proportional to the As(III) concentration over a wide linear range of 5 to 30 µg/L, with a detection limit of 6.2 µg/L. The suggested approach was effectively valid for the testing of As(III) found within the real water samples with good reproducibility and stability.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electrodes
  19. Electrochemical Long Period Fiber Grating Sensing for Electroactive Species
    Okazaki T, Orii T, Tan SY, Watanabe T, Taguchi A, Rahman FA, et al.
    Anal Chem, 2020 07 21;92(14):9714-9721.
    PMID: 32551577 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c01062
    We present an electrochemical long period fiber grating (LPFG) sensor for electroactive species with an optically transparent electrode. The sensor was fabricated by coating indium tin oxide onto the surface of LPFG using a polygonal barrel-sputtering method. LPFG was produced by an electric arc-induced technique. The sensing is based on change in the detection of electron density on the electrode surface during potential application and its reduction by electrochemical redox of analytes. Four typical electroactive species of methylene blue, hexaammineruthenium(III), ferrocyanide, and ferrocenedimethanol were used to investigate the sensor performance. The concentrations of analytes were determined by the modulation of the potential as the change in transmittance around the resonance band of LPFG. The sensitivity of the sensor, particularly to methylene blue, was high, and the sensor responded to a wide concentration range of 0.001 mM to 1 mM.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electrodes
  20. Fulltext Electrochemical Sodiation/Desodiation into Mn3O4 Nanoparticles
    Mahamad Yusoff NF, Idris NH, Md Din MF, Majid SR, Harun NA, Rahman MM
    ACS Omega, 2020 Nov 17;5(45):29158-29167.
    PMID: 33225147 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c03888
    Mn3O4 is considered to be a promising anode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) because of its low cost, high capacity, and enhanced safety. However, the inferior cyclic stability of the Mn3O4 anode is a major challenge for the development of SIBs. In this study, a one-step solvothermal method was established to produce nanostructured Mn3O4 with an average particle size of 21 nm and a crystal size of 11 nm. The Mn3O4 obtained exhibits a unique architecture, consisting of small clusters composed of numerous tiny nanoparticles. The Mn3O4 material could deliver high capacity (522 mAh g-1 at 100 mA g-1), reasonable cyclic stability (158 mAh g-1 after 200 cycles), and good rate capability (73 mAh g-1 at 1000 mA g-1) even without further carbon coating, which is a common exercise for most anode materials so far. The sodium insertion/extraction was also confirmed by a reversible conversion reaction by adopting an ex situ X-ray diffraction technique. This simple, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly synthesis technique with good electrochemical performance shows that the Mn3O4 nanoparticle anode has the potential for SIB development.
    Matched MeSH terms: Electrodes
Related Terms
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links