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Fulltext Biocompatibility assessment of fabricated melt-derived 45S5 bioactive glass on dental cells proliferation

Mohd Zain N.S., Tajudin S.S., Mohd Noor S.N.F., Mohamad H.

Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, 2016;1(1):26-32.
MyJurnal

Thisstudy aim tocharacterize melt-derivedbioactive glass and to determinethe bioactive glass (BG) suitability for dental usagethrough proliferative activity assessment of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED)when exposed to bioactive glass conditioned medium. Bioglass 45S5 in mole percentages (46.13% SiO2, 26.91% CaO, 24.35% Na2O and 2.60% P2O5)was synthesizedthrough melt-derived and characterized usingX-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR)to confirm and identify its properties.SHEDwere used to evaluate the biocompatibility of 45S5 by exposing the cells to various concentration of BG-conditioned medium (1-10 mg/ml) using alamarBlue assay. The BG produced has an amorphous structureas shown by XRD analysis. TheSi-O-Si bending, asymmetric Si-O stretching and asymmetricSi-O-Si stretchingbands were observed in the BG structure supporting the presenceof silicate network. For alamarBlue assay, SHED cultured in BG-conditioned medium showed high proliferation rate when subjected to minimal powder content in the DMEM cell culture medium.Hence, it can be concluded that SHED cultured in lower powder content of the BG-conditioned media showedhigh proliferative activity suggesting the potential of the BG for dental usage.
Tongue paraesthesia and dysgeusia post suspension laryngoscopy

Mohamad H, Mohamad I

Kobe J Med Sci, 2012;58(2):E60-2.
PMID: 22972170

Suspension laryngoscopy is a common laryngeal procedure in Endolaryngeal microsurgery (ELMS). Oral mucosa and dental injuries are the known complications of the procedure. Nerve injury however is an infrequent encounter. We report a rare complication of lingual nerve injury which manifested as tongue numbness and altered taste following Endolaryngeal microsurgery procedure. The condition improved completely after few months of conservative management.
Unpredictable neuroleptics induced priapism: a case report

Razali Salleh M, Mohamad H, Zainol J

Eur. Psychiatry, 1996;11(8):419-20.
PMID: 19698495 DOI: 10.1016/S0924-9338(97)82583-7
Fulltext Surface-Mounted Bare and Packaged Fiber Bragg Grating Sensors for Measuring Rock Strain in Uniaxial Testing

Isah BW, Mohamad H

Sensors (Basel), 2021 Apr 22;21(9).
PMID: 33922008 DOI: 10.3390/s21092926

The paper explores the possibility of using high-resolution fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensing technology for on-specimen strain measurement in the laboratory. The approach provides a means to assess the surface deformation of the specimen, both the axial and radial, through a chain of FBG sensor (C-FBG), in a basic setup of a uniaxial compression test. The method is cost-effective, straightforward and can be commercialized. Two C-FBG; one was applied directly to the sample (FBGBare), and the other was packaged (FBGPack) for ease of application. The approach measures the local strain with high-resolution and accuracy levels that match up to the existing local strain measuring sensors. The approach enables the evaluation of small-strain properties of the specimen intelligently. The finite element model analysis deployed has proven the adaptability of the technique for measuring material deformation. The adhesive thickness and packaging technique have been shown to influence the sensitivity of the FBG sensors. Owing to the relative ease and low-cost of instrumentation, the suggested method has a great potential to be routinely applied for elemental testing in the laboratory.
Fulltext Influence of hypnotic suggestions to increase periodontal patients’ compliance

Abdul,Halim,R,, Mohamad,H,A,, Zulkiflee,A,S,, Noor,E.

Compendium of Oral Science, 2021;8(1):22-28.
MyJurnal

ABSTRACT
Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of hypnosis 1) to reduce dental anxiety in periodontal patients, and
2) to increase periodontal patients’ compliance through the reduction of dental anxiety. Methods: This was a
randomized control trial of 22 patients (13 males, 9 females; 40.14 ± 19.59 years) who underwent non-surgical
periodontal therapy in the Postgraduate and Undergraduate Clinics. Patients were divided into the case, H,
(hypnosis; n=11) and controlled, N, (no hypnosis; n=11) groups, where patients’ dental anxiety level was assessed
twice for both groups using IDAF-4C+ during the first visit and the second visit. The compliance was evaluated
during the follow-up visit. Results: The result showed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) in the H
group during the second visit indicating a reduction in dental anxiety as compared to N group. However, there
were no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) in the pattern of reduction of blood pressure between both
case and control groups. Based on the heart rate, patients were found to be more relaxed with hypnotherapy
at the beginning of the treatment but halfway through, patients without hypnotherapy had a more significant
reduction in heart rate level. Conclusion: Hypnotic suggestions were found to help reduce patient’s fear and
anxiety. However, the compliance of the patients with or without hypnotherapy proved to have a similar outcome.
Fulltext Bioactivity and Biocompatibility Properties of Sustainable Wollastonite Bioceramics from Rice Husk Ash/Rice Straw Ash: A Review

Ismail H, Mohamad H

Materials (Basel), 2021 Sep 10;14(18).
PMID: 34576417 DOI: 10.3390/ma14185193

Recently, there has been an increase in interest in agricultural waste in scientific, technological, environmental, economic, and social contexts. The processing of rice husk ash/rice straw ash into biocompatible products-also known as biomaterials-used in biomedical implants is a technique that can enhance the value of agricultural waste. This method has effectively converted unprocessed agricultural waste into high-value products. Rice husk and straw are considered to be unwanted agricultural waste and are largely discarded because they pollute the environment. Because of the related components present in bone and teeth, this waste can produce wollastonite. Wollastonite is an excellent material for bone healing and implants, as well as tissue regeneration. The use of rice husk ash or rice straw ash in wollastonite production reduces the impact of agricultural waste on pollution and prompts the ensuing conversion of waste into a highly beneficial invention. The use of this agricultural waste in the fabrication of wollastonite using rice husk ash or rice straw ash was investigated in this paper. Wollastonite made from rice husk ash and rice straw ash has a fair chance of lowering the cost of bone and tooth repair and replacement, while having no environmental effects.
Fulltext Anticonvulsant activity of α-terpineol isolated from myristica fragrans in GAERS model of absence epilepsy

Islam, M.R., Muthuraju, S., Tarmizi, C.H., Zulkifli, M.M., Osman, H., Mohamad, H., et al.

ASM Science Journal, 2012;6(2):95-102.
MyJurnal

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures resulting from excessive abnormal electrical discharges in the brain. Medicinal plants may play an invaluable role to discover the new antiepileptic drugs. The aim of the present study was to investigate the anticonvulsant activity of α-terpineol isolated from Myristica fragrans Hountt. The α-terpineol showed a significant inhibition of the seizure episodes and spikes in absence seizures model of Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg (GAERS) rats by using electroencephalography records. It showed dose-dependent anticonvulsant activity that was comparable to the known antiepileptic drug of diazepam. It showed a rapid onset and relatively short duration of anticonvulsant effects. The present findings suggest that α-terpineol might possess antiepileptic activities against the partial seizures of human because it prevented seizures in well-established genetic absence seizure animal model of GAERS rats.
Fulltext Bilateral pulmonary aspiration of teeth and the migration of a foreign body from one main bronchus to another

Mohamad I, Mohamad H, Ismail H

Med J Malaysia, 2010 Dec;65(4):309-10.
PMID: 21901953

Foreign body aspiration in the adult airway is very rare. A neglected foreign body can occur when the patient is mentally challenged or is in an unconscious condition such as following trauma. The diagnosis can be delayed because there is no typical history of choking or breathing difficulty.
Fulltext A boy with bluish neck swelling on screaming

Mohamad I, Abdul Karim AH, Mohamad H

Malays Fam Physician, 2015;10(1):50-1.
PMID: 26425296
Fulltext Relationship between Appetite, Food Intake and Body Composition among Elderly Malays from an Urban Residential Area in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Mohamad HA, Suzana S, Noor Ibrahim MS, Norshafarina S

Malays J Nutr, 2010 Dec;16(3):339-48.
PMID: 22691987 MyJurnal

Loss of appetite, decrease in food intake and changes in body composition appear to be inter-related factors that can influence the well-being of older individuals. Therefore, a study was conducted to determine the level of appetite, food intake and its relation to body composition and functional status among noninstitutionalised elderly Malays in Cheras, Kuala Lumpur. The Council on Nutrition Appetite Questionnaire (CNAQ), Diet History Questionnaire (DHQ), Bio-impedance Analysis (BIA) and Instrumental Activity of Daily Living (IADL) questionnaire and handgrip dynamometer were used to measure appetite, food intake, body composition and functional status respectively. A total of 112 subjects (41.1% men and 58.9% women) participated with mean age being 66.0 ± 5.0 years for men and 66.3 ± 6.2 years for women. Prevalence of poor appetite was higher in elderly women (72.3%) than in men (52.3%) (p<0.05). Pearson's correlation test showed that CNAQ score correlated significantly with age (r=-0.255, p<0.01), energy intake (r=0.272, p<0.01), IADL score (r=0.408, p<0.01) and handgrip strength (r=0.263, p<0.05). Energy intake correlated significantly with fat free mass (r=0.424, p<0.05), muscle mass (r=0.456, p<0.05) and total body water (r=0.403, p<0.05). Multiple regression analysis showed that 27.0% of poor appetite could be explained by advanced age, low energy intake and decreased functional status. In conclusion, the study showed that poor appetite was prevalent among the subjects, especially women and this was influenced by aging, inadequate energy intake and decreased functional status.
Validation of Bahasa Malaysia STOP-BANG questionnaire for identification of obstructive sleep apnea

Abdullah B, Idris AI, Mohammad ZW, Mohamad H

Sleep Breath, 2018 Dec;22(4):1235-1239.
PMID: 29682698 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-018-1663-1

PURPOSE: The diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) by polysomnography (PSG) is time-consuming and expensive. The STOP-BANG questionnaire (SBQ) is an adequate screening tool and easily applied. We aimed to validate the Bahasa Malaysia version for use in sleep clinic.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in the sleep clinic. Standard forward-backward method was used for translation. Patients were required to answer a translated version of the questionnaire in Bahasa Malaysia and underwent a PSG study. Apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of five and more was considered diagnostic. SBQ score was divided into two groups, less than 3 and 3 or more to determine its correlation with mild, moderate, or severe OSA. The reliability of the questionnaire was compared against that of the PSG result.
RESULTS: We recruited 134 patients with mean age of 41.22 ± 12.66 years old. 9.7% patients have low risk, 48.5% moderate risk, and 41.8% high risk of OSA by SBQ scoring. 28.4% of patients had mild, 33.6% had moderate, and 38.0% had severe OSA by PSG. The Bahasa Malaysia version had sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value of 61.42, 71.05, and 84.06 and 41.54% respectively. When the score is higher, the probability increases for patients to have moderate or severe OSA. SBQ score showed moderate value of agreement to AHI.
CONCLUSIONS: The Bahasa Malaysia version of SBQ is a valid tool for the identification of OSA. It is useful to detect patients at risk for further investigation and management.
Fulltext Cervical Aerocele: A Rare Delayed Complication of Tracheostomy

Arepen SAM, Mohamad H, Nik Hassan NFH

Oman Med J, 2018 Nov;33(6):520-522.
PMID: 30410695 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2018.94

Acquired cervical aerocele in adults is a rare condition and its delay development after tracheostomy decannulation is reported rarely. Our patient presented eight years after tracheostomy decannulation with a compressible anterior neck mass that only appeared when she coughed and could be deflated using manual compression. The mass was situated suprasternal at the previous tracheostomy scar. Computed tomography scan showed a paratracheal air sac without significant defect at the tracheal wall. Surgical intervention is the best treatment for symptomatic patients. As in this patient, we advise direct laryngoscopy and bronchoscopy for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in such cases. However, our patient refused any surgical intervention.
Oral hygiene practices and knowledge among stroke-care nurses: A multicentre cross-sectional study

Ab Malik N, Mohamad Yatim S, Hussein N, Mohamad H, McGrath C

J Clin Nurs, 2018 May;27(9-10):1913-1919.
PMID: 29266493 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.14241

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To investigate oral health knowledge for stroke care and the clinical practices performed for oral hygiene care in Malaysia.
BACKGROUND: Oral hygiene care following stroke is important as the mouth can act as a reservoir for opportunistic infections that can lead to aspirational pneumonia.
DESIGN: A national cross-sectional survey was conducted in Malaysia among public hospitals where specialist stroke rehabilitation care is provided.
METHODS: All (16) hospitals were invited to participate, and site visits were conducted. A standardised questionnaire was employed to determine nurses' oral health knowledge for stroke care and existing clinical practices for oral hygiene care. Variations in oral health knowledge and clinical practices for oral hygiene care were examined.
RESULTS: Questionnaires were completed by 806 nurses across 13 hospitals. Oral health knowledge scores varied among the nurses; their mean score was 3.7 (SD 1.1) out of a possible 5.0. Approximately two-thirds (63.6%, n = 513) reported that some form of "mouth cleaning" was performed for stroke patients routinely. However, only a third (38.3%, n = 309) reported to perform or assist with the clinical practice of oral hygiene care daily. Their oral health knowledge of stroke care was associated with clinical practices for oral hygiene care (p
Bioassay-guided isolation of cycloartane-type triterpenes, their cytotoxic properties and identification of potential chemical markers from Geniotrigona thoracica propolis

Mohd Badiazaman AA, Nazif Aziz A, Mohamad H, Suryati Mohd K

Nat Prod Res, 2024 May 17.
PMID: 38757417 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2352867

Phytochemical investigation through cytotoxicity bioassay-guided isolation of Geniotrigona thoracica propolis led to the identification of five cycloartane-type triterpenes, including mangiferonic acid 1, ambonic acid 2, mangiferolic acid 3, ambolic acid 4 and cycloartenol 5. Their structures were established based on detailed spectroscopic analysis and comparison with literature data. Compounds 1-5 were isolated for the first time in this species. From cytotoxicity MTT assay, compound 3 inhibited the growth of breast (MCF-7) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cancer cell lines with IC50 of 5.08 and 4.82 µg/mL, respectively. Cytotoxicity of compounds 1-5 were reported for the first time against HepG2 cancer cell lines. Compounds 1-4 were suggested to serve as main and/or analytical markers for G. thoracica propolis based on HPLC analysis. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the isolation of bioactive constituents and identification of chemical markers for G. thoracica propolis.
Fulltext Vitex rotundifolia fractions induce apoptosis in human breast cancer cell line, MCF-7, via extrinsic and intrinsic pathways

Chaudhry GE, Jan R, Mohamad H, Tengku Muhammad TS

Res Pharm Sci, 2019 Jun;14(3):273-285.
PMID: 31160905 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.258496

Breast cancer is amongst frequently diagnosed cancer type throughout the world. Due to reduced efficacy of current chemotherapeutics, several natural products have been screened for better alternatives. The cytotoxic activity of fractions prepared from leaves extract of Vitex rotundifolia (V. rotundifolia) on human breast cancer cell line, MCF-7 was studied. The fractions F1, F2, F3, and F5 of V. rotundifolia produced concentration-dependent cytotoxic effects on MCF-7 cell line. The relative potential of cytotoxicity of the fractions on MCF-7 cell line was found to be F3 > F2 > F5 > F1. The active fractions induce apoptosis in MCF-7 cell line determined by annexin V base assay. The phosphatidylserine externalization and the presence of DNA fragmentation in treated cells confirms the early and late apoptosis in treated cells. The V. rotundifolia fractions induced apoptosis by both pathways; extrinsic pathways via activation of caspase-8 and intrinsic pathways through enhanced bax/bcl-2 ratio and activation of caspase-3/7 and caspase-9 proapoptotic proteins. Furthermore, chemical profiling indicates various phenolic, flavonoids, and terpenoids compounds in the active fractions. Thus, V. rotundifolia might be a suitable candidate to investigate further and develop molecular targeted cancer therapeutics by understanding the fundamental mechanisms involved in the regulation of cell death in cancer cells.
Intermittent apnoea and manual jet ventilation: A successful anesthetic management for infant with acquired Myer-Cotton class III subglottic stenosis undergoing endoscopic balloon dilatation

Esa U, Singh NG, Mohamad H, Zaini RHM

Saudi J Anaesth, 2024;18(3):432-434.
PMID: 39149737 DOI: 10.4103/sja.sja_978_23

Acquired subglottic stenosis is a common complication of endotracheal intubation in infants. The risk increases in trisomy 21, patients undergoing bypass surgery, and having gastroesophageal reflux disease. Less invasive endoscopic balloon dilatation of subglottic stenosis has become a more common treatment modality compared to open surgical technique. Airway-related surgery needs meticulous preparation and good communication between the anesthetist, surgeon, and staff. More precaution and more effective preparation and communication are needed in neonatal airway surgery as it is physiologically easier to desaturate and develop hypoxemia compared to adults. We report a case of successful balloon dilation of Myer-Cotton class III subglottic stenosis with intermittent supraglottic jet ventilation and bag-mask ventilation in infants with trisomy 21.
Fulltext Laser posterior cordectomy for bilateral abductor vocal cord palsy : a case report

Mohamad I, Jihan WS, Mohamad H, Abdullah B

Malays J Med Sci, 2008 Jan;15(1):42-3.
PMID: 22589614

Bilateral abductor vocal cord palsy is comparatively a rare vocal cord lesion, especially in a patient with no history of neck mass, previous surgery or trauma. Many patients are not stridulous. A patient presenting with stridor may need emergency airway management before the other treatment is commenced. We report a case of bilateral abductor palsy which required an emergency tracheostomy and subsequently a laser posterior cordectomy.
Fulltext Toward Enhanced State of Charge Estimation of Lithium-ion Batteries Using Optimized Machine Learning Techniques

Hannan MA, Lipu MSH, Hussain A, Ker PJ, Mahlia TMI, Mansor M, et al.

Sci Rep, 2020 Mar 13;10(1):4687.
PMID: 32170100 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61464-7

State of charge (SOC) is a crucial index used in the assessment of electric vehicle (EV) battery storage systems. Thus, SOC estimation of lithium-ion batteries has been widely investigated because of their fast charging, long-life cycle, and high energy density characteristics. However, precise SOC assessment of lithium-ion batteries remains challenging because of their varying characteristics under different working environments. Machine learning techniques have been widely used to design an advanced SOC estimation method without the information of battery chemical reactions, battery models, internal properties, and additional filters. Here, the capacity of optimized machine learning techniques are presented toward enhanced SOC estimation in terms of learning capability, accuracy, generalization performance, and convergence speed. We validate the proposed method through lithium-ion battery experiments, EV drive cycles, temperature, noise, and aging effects. We show that the proposed method outperforms several state-of-the-art approaches in terms of accuracy, adaptability, and robustness under diverse operating conditions.
Fulltext Phaleria macrocarpa Boerl. (Thymelaeaceae) leaves increase SR-BI expression and reduce cholesterol levels in rats fed a high cholesterol diet

Andriani Y, Tengku-Muhammad TS, Mohamad H, Saidin J, Syamsumir DF, Chew GS, et al.

Molecules, 2015 Mar 09;20(3):4410-29.
PMID: 25759957 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20034410

In vitro and in vivo studies of the activity of Phaleria macrocarpa Boerl (Thymelaeaceae) leaves against the therapeutic target for hypercholesterolemia were done using the HDL receptor (SR-BI) and hypercholesterolemia-induced Sprague Dawley rats. The in vitro study showed that the active fraction (CF6) obtained from the ethyl acetate extract (EMD) and its component 2',6',4-trihydroxy-4'-methoxybenzophenone increased the SR-BI expression by 95% and 60%, respectively. The in vivo study has proven the effect of EMD at 0.5 g/kgbw dosage in reducing the total cholesterol level by 224.9% and increasing the HDL cholesterol level by 157% compared to the cholesterol group. In the toxicity study, serum glutamate oxalate transaminase (SGOT) and serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) activity were observed to be at normal levels. The liver histology also proved no toxicity and abnormalities in any of the treatment groups, so it can be categorized as non-toxic to the rat liver. The findings taken together show that P. macrocarpa leaves are safe and suitable as an alternative control and prevention treatment for hypercholesterolemia in Sprague Dawley rats.
Primary non-Hodgkins lymphoma of the lacrimal sac: mortality-related epiphora

Maharajah KR, Hussein A, Mohamad H, Khan SA, At LS

Orbit, 2009;28(5):306-8.
PMID: 19874126 DOI: 10.3109/01676830903044346

We report a case of primary non-Hodgkins lymphoma of the lacrimal sac in a 60-year-old Asian lady, who presented with persistent epiphora and recurrent medial canthal swelling. Primary lymphoma of the lacrimal sac is rare and it can be easily misdiagnosed. Delayed in diagnosis may be related to mortality. To minimize the risk of overlooking specific pathology it is important to assess the appearance of the lacrimal sac and its surrounding structures intraoperatively. Biopsy of the lacrimal sac is required in cases where specific pathology is suspected.

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