Browse publications by year: 2012

  1. Fulltext Physicochemical and antioxidant properties of Bangladeshi honeys stored for more than one year
    Islam A, Khalil I, Islam N, Moniruzzaman M, Mottalib A, Sulaiman SA, et al.
    BMC Complement Altern Med, 2012;12:177.
    PMID: 23043497 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-177
    There is no available information on physicochemical and antioxidant properties on Bangladeshi honey. We investigated five different monofloral and three different multifloral honey samples collected from different parts of Bangladesh.
    MeSH terms: Antioxidants/analysis; Antioxidants/pharmacology*; Ascorbic Acid/analysis; Bangladesh; Biphenyl Compounds/metabolism; Color*; Dietary Proteins/analysis; Flavonoids/analysis*; Honey/analysis*; Phenols/analysis*; Picrates/metabolism; Proline/analysis*; Nigella sativa; Flowers; Food Storage*
  2. Fulltext 1'-Acetoxychavicol acetate inhibits growth of human oral carcinoma xenograft in mice and potentiates cisplatin effect via proinflammatory microenvironment alterations
    In LL, Arshad NM, Ibrahim H, Azmi MN, Awang K, Nagoor NH
    BMC Complement Altern Med, 2012;12:179.
    PMID: 23043547 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-12-179
    Oral cancers although preventable, possess a low five-year survival rate which has remained unchanged over the past three decades. In an attempt to find a more safe, affordable and effective treatment option, we describe here the use of 1'S-1'-acetoxychavicol acetate (ACA), a component of Malaysian ginger traditionally used for various medicinal purposes.
    MeSH terms: Animals; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/therapeutic use; Benzyl Alcohols/pharmacology; Benzyl Alcohols/therapeutic use*; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/drug therapy*; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism; Cell Movement/drug effects; Cisplatin/pharmacology; Cisplatin/therapeutic use*; Drug Synergism; Humans; Inflammation/genetics; Inflammation/metabolism*; Male; Phytotherapy; Mice, Nude; Mouth Neoplasms/drug therapy*; Mouth Neoplasms/genetics; Mouth Neoplasms/metabolism; Plant Extracts/pharmacology; Plant Extracts/therapeutic use; NF-kappa B/metabolism; Apoptosis/drug effects; Inflammation Mediators/metabolism*; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays; Zingiberaceae/chemistry*; Mice; Tumor Microenvironment/drug effects
  3. Heredity factor in myopia development among a sample in Klang Valley, Malaysia
    Kaur S, Ramli NI, Narayanasamy S
    Chin Med J (Engl), 2012 Oct;125(19):3522-5.
    PMID: 23044317
    Development of myopia among young children is often contributed to the refractive status of the parents. This study was conducted to determine whether myopia can be inherited across the generation among a sample in the Klang Valley. Three generations involved are: G1 (grandparents), G2 (parents) and G3 (children).
    MeSH terms: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Family Health; Female; Humans; Malaysia/epidemiology; Male; Middle Aged; Myopia/genetics*; Myopia/epidemiology; Surveys and Questionnaires; Retrospective Studies; Young Adult
  4. Back to the future: drug eluting balloon in bifurcation intervention
    Choo GH, Le D, Nguyen K, Phan H, Nguyen Q, Nguyen J
    Chin Med J (Engl), 2012 Oct;125(19):3565-8.
    PMID: 23044325
    MeSH terms: Humans; Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; Coronary Restenosis/therapy*; Drug-Eluting Stents*
  5. Symptomatic calcifying pseudotumor of the thoracic spine that resolved with the indomethacin treatment: a case report
    Kwan MK, Abdelhai AM, Saw LB, Chan CY
    Spine (Phila Pa 1976), 2012 Dec 15;37(26):E1676-9.
    PMID: 23044619 DOI: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e318276b48c
    Case report.
    MeSH terms: Calcinosis/drug therapy*; Calcinosis/pathology; Calcinosis/radiography; Humans; Indomethacin/therapeutic use*; Male; Middle Aged; Spinal Diseases/drug therapy*; Spinal Diseases/pathology; Spinal Diseases/radiography; Thoracic Vertebrae/pathology*; Thoracic Vertebrae/radiography; Treatment Outcome
  6. Fulltext Mechanical, thermal and morphological properties of poly(lactic acid)/epoxidized palm olein blend
    Silverajah VS, Ibrahim NA, Zainuddin N, Yunus WM, Hassan HA
    Molecules, 2012 Oct 08;17(10):11729-47.
    PMID: 23044711 DOI: 10.3390/molecules171011729
    Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) is known to be a useful material in substituting the conventional petroleum-based polymer used in packaging, due to its biodegradability and high mechanical strength. Despite the excellent properties of PLA, low flexibility has limited the application of this material. Thus, epoxidized palm olein (EPO) was incorporated into PLA at different loadings (1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 wt%) through the melt blending technique and the product was characterized. The addition of EPO resulted in a decrease in glass transition temperature and an increase of elongation-at-break, which indicates an increase in the PLA chain mobility. PLA/EPO blends also exhibited higher thermal stability than neat PLA. Further, the PLA/1 wt% EPO blend showed enhancement in the tensile, flexural and impact properties. This is due to improved interaction in the blend producing good compatible morphologies, which can be revealed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) analysis. Therefore, PLA can be efficiently plasticized by EPO and the feasibility of its use as flexible film for food packaging should be considered.
    MeSH terms: Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; Epoxy Compounds/chemistry*; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Plant Oils/chemistry*; Plasticizers/chemistry; Polyesters; Polymers/chemistry*; Temperature; Thermogravimetry; X-Ray Diffraction; Lactic Acid/chemistry*; Mechanical Phenomena
  7. Fulltext Optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of crude oil from winter melon (Benincasa hispida) seed using response surface methodology and evaluation of its antioxidant activity, total phenolic content and fatty acid composition
    Bimakr M, Rahman RA, Taip FS, Adzahan NM, Sarker MZ, Ganjloo A
    Molecules, 2012 Oct 08;17(10):11748-62.
    PMID: 23044712 DOI: 10.3390/molecules171011748
    In the present study, ultrasound-assisted extraction of crude oil from winter melon seeds was investigated through response surface methodology (RSM). Process variables were power level (25-75%), temperature (45-55 °C) and sonication time (20-40 min). It was found that all process variables have significant (p < 0.05) effects on the response variable. A central composite design (CCD) was used to determine the optimum process conditions. Optimal conditions were identified as 65% power level, 52 °C temperature and 36 min sonication time for maximum crude yield (108.62 mg-extract/g-dried matter). The antioxidant activity, total phenolic content and fatty acid composition of extract obtained under optimized conditions were determined and compared with those of oil obtained by the Soxhlet method. It was found that crude extract yield (CEY) of ultrasound-assisted extraction was lower than that of the Soxhlet method, whereas antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of the extract obtained by ultrasound-assisted extraction were clearly higher than those of the Soxhlet extract. Furthermore, both extracts were rich in unsaturated fatty acids. The major fatty acids of the both extracts were linoleic acid and oleic acid.
    MeSH terms: Antioxidants/pharmacology; Antioxidants/chemistry*; Fatty Acids/chemistry*; Phenols/chemistry*; Plant Extracts/chemistry*; Plant Oils/pharmacology; Plant Oils/chemistry*; Seeds/chemistry*; Sonication; Temperature; Cucurbitaceae/chemistry*
  8. Fulltext Genome sequence and comparative pathogenomics analysis of a Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi strain associated with a typhoid carrier in Malaysia
    Yap KP, Gan HM, Teh CS, Baddam R, Chai LC, Kumar N, et al.
    J Bacteriol, 2012 Nov;194(21):5970-1.
    PMID: 23045488 DOI: 10.1128/JB.01416-12
    Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi is a human pathogen that causes typhoid fever predominantly in developing countries. In this article, we describe the whole genome sequence of the S. Typhi strain CR0044 isolated from a typhoid fever carrier in Kelantan, Malaysia. These data will further enhance the understanding of its host persistence and adaptive mechanism.
    MeSH terms: Carrier State/microbiology; DNA, Bacterial/genetics*; DNA, Bacterial/chemistry*; Humans; Malaysia; Molecular Sequence Data; Salmonella typhi/genetics*; Salmonella typhi/isolation & purification; Typhoid Fever/microbiology; Genome, Bacterial*; Sequence Analysis, DNA*; Genomics; Virulence Factors/genetics
  9. Fulltext Genome sequence of Acinetobacter baumannii AC12, a polymyxin-resistant strain isolated from Terengganu, Malaysia
    Gan HM, Lean SS, Suhaili Z, Thong KL, Yeo CC
    J Bacteriol, 2012 Nov;194(21):5979-80.
    PMID: 23045494 DOI: 10.1128/JB.01466-12
    Acinetobacter baumannii is a major cause of nosocomial infection worldwide. We report the draft genome sequence of A. baumannii AC12, a multidrug-resistant nosocomial strain with additional resistance to carbapenems and polymyxin. The genome data will provide insights into the genetic basis of antimicrobial resistance and its adaptive mechanism.
    MeSH terms: Acinetobacter Infections/microbiology; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology; Cross Infection/microbiology; DNA, Bacterial/genetics*; DNA, Bacterial/chemistry*; Malaysia; Molecular Sequence Data; Polymyxins/pharmacology; Carbapenems/pharmacology; Genome, Bacterial*; Sequence Analysis, DNA*; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Acinetobacter baumannii/drug effects; Acinetobacter baumannii/genetics*; Acinetobacter baumannii/isolation & purification
  10. Fulltext Whole-genome sequence of Enterobacter sp. strain SST3, an endophyte isolated from Jamaican sugarcane (Saccharum sp.) stalk tissue
    Gan HM, McGroty SE, Chew TH, Chan KG, Buckley LJ, Savka MA, et al.
    J Bacteriol, 2012 Nov;194(21):5981-2.
    PMID: 23045495 DOI: 10.1128/JB.01469-12
    Enterobacter sp. strain SST3 is an endophytic bacterium isolated from Saccharum spp. Here we present its annotated draft genome that may shed light on its role as a bacterial endophyte of sugarcane. To our knowledge, this is the first genome announcement of a sugarcane-associated bacterium from the genus Enterobacter.
    MeSH terms: DNA, Bacterial/genetics*; DNA, Bacterial/chemistry*; Enterobacter/genetics*; Enterobacter/isolation & purification; Molecular Sequence Data; Genome, Bacterial*; Sequence Analysis, DNA*; Plant Stems/microbiology; Saccharum/microbiology; Endophytes/genetics; Endophytes/isolation & purification
  11. Fulltext Genomic analysis of Mycobacterium abscessus strain M139, which has an ambiguous subspecies taxonomic position
    Ngeow YF, Wee WY, Wong YL, Tan JL, Ongi CS, Ng KP, et al.
    J Bacteriol, 2012 Nov;194(21):6002-3.
    PMID: 23045507 DOI: 10.1128/JB.01455-12
    Mycobacterium abscessus is a ubiquitous, rapidly growing species of nontuberculous mycobacteria that colonizes organic surfaces and is frequently associated with opportunistic infections in humans. We report here the draft genome sequence of Mycobacterium abscessus strain M139, which shows genomic features reported to be characteristic of both Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. abscessus and Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. massiliense.
    MeSH terms: DNA, Bacterial/genetics*; DNA, Bacterial/chemistry*; Humans; Male; Molecular Sequence Data; Mycobacterium/genetics*; Mycobacterium/isolation & purification; Mycobacterium Infections/microbiology; Nepal; Sputum/microbiology; Genome, Bacterial*; Sequence Analysis, DNA*
  12. Sex differences in educational encouragement and academic achievement
    Khan A
    Psychol Rep, 2012 Aug;111(1):149-55.
    PMID: 23045856
    Sex differences in educational encouragement and their predictiveness of academic achievement were examined among 442 secondary school students (M age = 13.2 yr., SD = 1.9). Education-related encouragement received from mothers, fathers, friends, and teachers was assessed. Academic achievement was based on student self-reports and grades. Female adolescents reported receiving statistically significantly more educational encouragement from their mothers, fathers, friends, and teachers than did male adolescents. In regression, sex and educational encouragement from parents, friends, and teachers were found to be significant predictors of academic achievement.
    MeSH terms: Achievement*; Adolescent; Child; Developing Countries*; Female; Gender Identity*; Humans; Malaysia; Male; Motivation*; Prejudice*; Rural Population; Self Concept; Social Support*; Socialization; Urban Population
  13. Fulltext Latex C-serum from Hevea brasiliensis induces non-apoptotic cell death in hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2)
    Lam KL, Yang KL, Sunderasan E, Ong MT
    Cell Prolif, 2012 Dec;45(6):577-85.
    PMID: 23046445 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2184.2012.00841.x
    OBJECTIVES: Latex from Hevea brasiliensis (natural rubber tree primarily cultivated for its rubber particles) has no known primary metabolic function, although its biological role is as a plant defence system. The present study has evaluated specific anti-proliferative effects of latex whole C-serum and its subfractions, on human cancer cell lines.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cell viability assay using MTT, DNA fragmentation assay and real-time PCR were used to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of latex whole C-serum and its subfractions on the cell lines.

    RESULTS: MTT assay revealed very low LC(50) values, 2.0 and 280 ng/ml, for DCS and DCP treatments, respectively. DCS was proven to be more potent compared to DCP, in conferring specific anti-proliferative effects on the cancer cell lines. The study also indicated that anti-proliferative activity of pre-heated C-serum fractions diminished significantly.

    CONCLUSION: Although noteworthy cell death was reported, DNA fragmentation assay and real-time PCR confirmed that that induced by latex C-serum subfractions was not promoted via the classical apoptotic signalling pathway.

    MeSH terms: Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/isolation & purification; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology*; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/chemistry; Cell Line; Cell Survival/drug effects; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/drug therapy*; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism; Humans; Latex/isolation & purification; Latex/pharmacology*; Latex/chemistry; Liver Neoplasms/drug therapy*; Liver Neoplasms/genetics; Liver Neoplasms/metabolism; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects; Cell Death/drug effects; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/genetics; Hevea/chemistry*; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Proliferation/drug effects; bcl-2-Associated X Protein/genetics; Hep G2 Cells
  14. Fulltext The impact of a disease management program (COACH) on the attainment of better cardiovascular risk control in dyslipidaemic patients at primary care centres (The DISSEMINATE Study): a randomised controlled trial
    Selvaraj FJ, Mohamed M, Omar K, Nanthan S, Kusiar Z, Subramaniam SY, et al.
    BMC Fam Pract, 2012;13:97.
    PMID: 23046818 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2296-13-97
    BACKGROUND: To evaluate the efficacy of Counselling and Advisory Care for Health (COACH) programme in managing dyslipidaemia among primary care practices in Malaysia. This open-label, parallel, randomised controlled trial compared the COACH programme delivered by primary care physicians alone (PCP arm) and primary care physicians assisted by nurse educators (PCP-NE arm).
    METHODS: This was a multi-centre, open label, randomised trial of a disease management programme (COACH) among dyslipidaemic patients in 21 Malaysia primary care practices. The participating centres enrolled 297 treatment naïve subjects who had the primary diagnosis of dyslipidaemia; 149 were randomised to the COACH programme delivered by primary care physicians assisted by nurse educators (PCP-NE) and 148 to care provided by primary care physicians (PCP) alone. The primary efficacy endpoint was the mean percentage change from baseline LDL-C at week 24 between the 2 study arms. Secondary endpoints included mean percentage change from baseline of lipid profile (TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, TG, TC: HDL ratio), Framingham Cardiovascular Health Risk Score and absolute risk change from baseline in blood pressure parameters at week 24. The study also assessed the sustainability of programme efficacy at week 36.
    RESULTS: Both study arms demonstrated improvement in LDL-C from baseline. The least squares (LS) mean change from baseline LDL-C were -30.09% and -27.54% for PCP-NE and PCP respectively. The difference in mean change between groups was 2.55% (p=0.288), with a greater change seen in the PCP-NE arm. Similar observations were made between the study groups in relation to total cholesterol change at week 24. Significant difference in percentage change from baseline of HDL-C were observed between the PCP-NE and PCP groups, 3.01%, 95% CI 0.12-5.90, p=0.041, at week 24. There was no significant difference in lipid outcomes between 2 study groups at week 36 (12 weeks after the programme had ended).
    CONCLUSION: Patients who received coaching and advice from primary care physicians (with or without the assistance by nurse educators) showed improvement in LDL-cholesterol. Disease management services delivered by PCP-NE demonstrated a trend towards add-on improvements in cholesterol control compared to care delivered by physicians alone; however, the improvements were not maintained when the services were withdrawn.
    TRIAL REGISTRATION:
    National Medical Research Registration (NMRR) Number: NMRR-08-287-1442Trial Registration Number (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier): NCT00708370.
    MeSH terms: Adult; Ambulatory Care Facilities; Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control*; Female; Humans; Cholesterol, HDL/blood; Cholesterol, LDL/blood*; Malaysia; Male; Middle Aged; Patient Education as Topic/methods*; Primary Health Care/methods*; Triglycerides/blood; Treatment Outcome; Disease Management; Risk Reduction Behavior*; Dyslipidemias/therapy*
  15. Fulltext Direct formation of gold nanoparticles on substrates using a novel ZnO sacrificial templated-growth hydrothermal approach and their properties in organic memory device
    Goh LP, Razak KA, Ridhuan NS, Cheong KY, Ooi PC, Aw KC
    Nanoscale Res Lett, 2012;7(1):563.
    PMID: 23046949 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276X-7-563
    This study describes a novel fabrication technique to grow gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) directly on seeded ZnO sacrificial template/polymethylsilsesquioxanes (PMSSQ)/Si using low-temperature hydrothermal reaction at 80°C for 4 h. The effect of non-annealing and various annealing temperatures, 200°C, 300°C, and 400°C, of the ZnO-seeded template on AuNP size and distribution was systematically studied. Another PMMSQ layer was spin-coated on AuNPs to study the memory properties of organic insulator-embedded AuNPs. Well-distributed and controllable AuNP sizes were successfully grown directly on the substrate, as observed using a field emission scanning electron microscope followed by an elemental analysis study. A phase analysis study confirmed that the ZnO sacrificial template was eliminated during the hydrothermal reaction. The AuNP formation mechanism using this hydrothermal reaction approach was proposed. In this study, the AuNPs were charge-trapped sites and showed excellent memory effects when embedded in PMSSQ. Optimum memory properties of PMMSQ-embedded AuNPs were obtained for AuNPs synthesized on a seeded ZnO template annealed at 300°C, with 54 electrons trapped per AuNP and excellent current-voltage response between an erased and programmed device.
  16. Immunophenotyping analysis of lymph node biopsies by flow cytometry
    Raja-Sabudin RZ, Hamid AA, Yusof N, Alauddin H, Aziz SA, Kulaveerasingam S, et al.
    Saudi Med J, 2012 Oct;33(10):1131-3.
    PMID: 23047221
    MeSH terms: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Biopsy, Needle*; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Flow Cytometry*; Humans; Lymph Nodes/immunology; Lymph Nodes/pathology*; Lymphoma/diagnosis*; Lymphoma/immunology; Lymphoma/pathology; Male; Middle Aged; Immunophenotyping*; Young Adult
  17. Isolation of viable Toxoplasma gondii cysts from brain samples for oral infection
    Puvanesuaran VR, Ibrahim N, Noordin R, Balakrishnan V
    Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci, 2012 Sep;16(9):1179-83.
    PMID: 23047500
    AIM: A method was developed to separate contaminant-free viable Toxoplasma gondii cysts from brain samples of infected mice for molecular biology studies and reinfection.
    MATERIALS AND METHODS: The mice brains were homogenized and washed with phosphate buffered saline (PBS) Tween 80 prior to fractionation using 19-22% dextran solution. Finally, the supernatant was purified by two-step membrane filtration (100-160 microm and < 10 microm) to obtain pure T. gondii cyst. The isolates were analyzed through microscopic observation, qPCR and by reinfection of new batch of mice.
    RESULTS: T. gondii cysts were best isolated with 21% dextran solution and two step filtration.
    CONCLUSIONS: The method was observed not to disrupt the integrity of the cysts containing bradyzoites. In addition, the isolated cysts in the filtrate were found to be contaminant-free, viable and able to infect healthy mice when introduced orally; which, mimics the natural infectivity pathway.
    MeSH terms: Animals; Brain/parasitology*; Centrifugation, Density Gradient; Dextrans/pharmacology; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mouth/parasitology*; Polysorbates/pharmacology; Toxoplasma/isolation & purification*; Toxoplasmosis, Animal/parasitology*; Mice; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
  18. Fulltext Malaysian pharmacy educators' view of the role of non-pharmacy trained educators in teaching pharmacy students
    Ahmadi K, Anwar M, Hassali MA
    Am J Pharm Educ, 2012 Sep 10;76(7):138.
    PMID: 23049110 DOI: 10.5688/ajpe767138
    MeSH terms: Attitude of Health Personnel; Education, Pharmacy/organization & administration*; Education, Pharmacy/standards; Faculty/organization & administration*; Faculty/standards; Humans; Malaysia; Teaching/organization & administration*; Teaching/standards
  19. Fulltext Understanding cellular mechanisms underlying airway epithelial repair: selecting the most appropriate animal models
    Yahaya B
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2012;2012:961684.
    PMID: 23049478 DOI: 10.1100/2012/961684
    Understanding the mechanisms underlying the process of regeneration and repair of airway epithelial structures demands close characterization of the associated cellular and molecular events. The choice of an animal model system to study these processes and the role of lung stem cells is debatable since ideally the chosen animal model should offer a valid comparison with the human lung. Species differences may include the complex three-dimensional lung structures, cellular composition of the lung airway as well as transcriptional control of the molecular events in response to airway epithelium regeneration, and repair following injury. In this paper, we discuss issues related to the study of the lung repair and regeneration including the role of putative stem cells in small- and large-animal models. At the end of this paper, the author discuss the potential for using sheep as a model which can help bridge the gap between small-animal model systems and humans.
    MeSH terms: Animals; Cell Movement; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Lung/cytology; Lung/physiology*; Regeneration*; Sheep/physiology; Stem Cells/cytology; Stem Cells/physiology; Wound Healing; Respiratory Mucosa/cytology*; Respiratory Mucosa/injuries; Respiratory Mucosa/physiology; Cell Proliferation; Cell Dedifferentiation; Lung Injury/pathology; Airway Remodeling
  20. Fulltext Curcumin Protects against Ovariectomy-Induced Bone Changes in Rat Model
    Hussan F, Ibraheem NG, Kamarudin TA, Shuid AN, Soelaiman IN, Othman F
    Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2012;2012:174916.
    PMID: 23049604 DOI: 10.1155/2012/174916
    Osteoporosis is a metabolic disease affecting both men and women especially in postmenopausal women. Curcumin possesses many medicinal properties. In this study, thirty two female Sprague-Dawley rats were used to determine the potential effect of curcumin in prevention of bone loss following ovariectomy. The animals were divided into Sham group, ovariectomised control, ovariectomised treated with curcumin 110 mg/kg and ovariectomised treated with Premarin 100 μg/kg. The treatments were given via daily oral gavages for 60 days. The structural parameters such as bone volume, trabecular number, trabecular thickness and trabecular separation were found to be deteriorated in ovariectomised rats compared to Sham group. Moreover, the reduced osteoblast count, the increased osteoclast count and increased eroded surface were found in ovariectomised groups. Treatment with curcumin was able to reverse all these ovariectomy-induced deteriorations. Curcumin treatment was as effective as Premarin in most parameters except the bone volume and eroded surface, which were better than Premarin. The high dose of curcumin treatment was not only able to reduce the osteoclast number but also increase the osteoblast count. Therefore, the potential effect of curcumin can be applied as an alternative to oestrogen for prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
    MeSH terms: Animals; Bone Diseases, Metabolic; Curcumin; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP); Estrogens; Female; Humans; Male; Osteoblasts; Osteoclasts; Osteoporosis; Ovariectomy; Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Postmenopause; Rats
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