METHODS: A retrospective review of medical records (2013-2022) of major traumatic vascular injuries, focusing on injury profiles, treatment modalities, and clinical outcomes.
RESULTS: Thirty patients with 48 vessel injuries were included. Firearms were the leading mechanism, accounting for 43.3% (n = 13) of cases. We identified 29 arterial injuries and 19 venous injuries, with 30 (62.5%) of the overall injuries occurred in the lower extremities. Shock (17; 56.7%) and associated injuries (25; 83.3%) were common. Surgery was the most common management strategy. Autologous bypass graft was the most frequently performed procedure for arterial injuries (8; 42.1%), while ligation dominated in venous injuries (9; 64.3%). Blood transfusion requirements (24; 82.7%) and post-operative prescription of anticoagulant and antiplatelet agents (12; 41.4%) were similar for arterial and venous injuries (p > 0.05). Three patients demised, resulting in a 90% survival rate. Neither the mechanism of injury, anatomical location, and presence of shock on arrival nor the baseline hemoglobin level served as predictors of mortality.
CONCLUSION: Intensive resuscitation with blood transfusion and prompt surgical intervention achieve favorable survival rates for pediatric traumatic vascular injuries. Optimal post-operative anticoagulant and antiplatelet regimens remain unclear.
METHODS: A total of 200 YouTube™ videos were selected and screened, and the video characteristics and engagement indicators were recorded. They were then reviewed for consistency with current professional guidelines on this topic. Two independent reviewers scored the videos using a customized 8-point scoring and 5-point Global Quality Scale (GQS) to assess the content information and the overall quality of each video. These videos were further classified into good, moderate, and poor videos. Kruskal-Wallis, Chi-squared, and Spearman's correlation tests were used for the statistical analysis.
RESULTS: 110 videos met the inclusion criteria. The median total content score was 3 (IQR = 4) and the median GQS score was 2 (IQR = 2). Less than half (n = 49; 45.5%) of the videos were uploaded by healthcare professionals. The video content was classified as good (n = 26; 23.64%), moderate (n = 43; 39.09%), and poor (n = 41; 37.27%). Good-quality videos have a significantly higher information content score than the other groups (P = 0.001). A strong correlation was found between the total content score and GQS score (rho = 0.970, P = 0.001). Longer duration, higher interaction index, and recent upload are associated with higher content and quality scores.
CONCLUSION: A considerable number of videos are available on YouTube about SDF treatment and are attracting public interest. The content and quality of these videos vary widely and are related to several factors.
METHODS: In total, 2,008 Malaysian adults with no previous cancer were surveyed using a 42-item questionnaire adapted from the Awareness Measure and the Cancer Awareness Measure-Mythical Causes Scale. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was used to evaluate measurement models.
RESULTS: Despite high educational attainment, only about half of the respondents believed that 7 of the 21 listed established risk factors caused cancer. Factors associated with accurate beliefs included higher socioeconomic status (SES) and having family or friends with cancer. However, 14 of the 21 listed mythical/unproven factors were correctly believed as not cancer-causing by the majority. Women and those with lower SES were more likely to hold misconceptions. Beliefs on established risk factors were significantly associated with perceived risk of cancer. Individuals with stronger beliefs in established risk factors were less likely to be associated with healthy behaviors. Conversely, stronger beliefs in mythical or unproven factors were more likely to be associated with healthy lifestyles.
CONCLUSION: Findings highlight the importance of prioritizing cancer literacy as a key action area in national cancer control plans. The counterintuitive associations between cancer beliefs and lifestyle emphasize the complexity of this relationship, necessitating nuanced approaches to promote cancer literacy and preventive behaviors.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Dental pulp perforation was made on 27 male Wistar rats on the upper first molar and then pulp capped with calcium hydroxide and ellagic acid. The pulp of the control positive group was capped with calcium hydroxide, and the control group was not capped. The teeth were then extracted after 1, 3, and 7 days posttreatment. The differences in the number of neutrophils, macrophages, lymphocytes, and TNF-α expression were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's honestly significant difference (HSD) test.
RESULTS: The treatment combination of calcium hydroxide and ellagic acid showed the lowest neutrophil number and TNF-α expression compared with the other groups (p
DESIGN: Prospective cohort study.
SETTING: Community-dwelling older adults interviewed at baseline (2013-2016) and follow-up (2020-2022) as a part of the Malaysian Elders Longitudinal Research study were included.
PARTICIPANTS: Participants who attended face-to-face follow-up visits.
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES: Fall occurrence over 12 months preceding the follow-up visit was determined. Anthropometric, bioimpedance analysis and physical performance measurements were obtained at both time points. Participants were categorised into three groups according to changes in weight and body composition using≥5% increase or decrease in weight to determine loss or gain.
RESULTS: Of the 225 participants, aged 71.8±6.8 years, 128 (56.9%) were women. Weight gain was associated with increased fall risk at follow-up compared with stable weight (adjusted rate ratio, aRR (95% confidence interval, CI)=2.86 (1.02-8.02)) following adjustments for age and body mass index (BMI), but this relationship was attenuated by low baseline percentage lean body mass (%LBM) in women. The association was strenghtened after adjusting for age, BMI, and low muscle strength (aRR (95% CI)=2.89 (1.01-8.28)). Weight change did not influence falls risk in men. No difference was observed with changes in percentage body fat and %LBM over time with fall occurrence for both genders.
CONCLUSION: Lower baseline lean body mass influenced the relationship between weight gain and falls longitudinally. Interventions addressing low lean body mass should be considered in the prevention of weight-gain-related falls in older women.