Browse publications by year: 2025

  1. Bujang MA
    Biomed Res Int, 2025;2025:6703756.
    PMID: 40201408 DOI: 10.1155/bmri/6703756
    The p value remains a widely used statistical tool for assessing the significance of research findings, yet its interpretation and application often provoke debate. While the p value provides a measure of evidence against the null hypothesis, it does not convey essential information about the strength of an effect or its statistical precision. Therefore, this paper critically examines the dilemma of translating p values into meaningful scientific inferences. Using illustrative examples, we demonstrate how the misapplication of p values can misguide policy, clinical practice, and scientific discourse. To address these challenges, this article proposes a collaborative approach involving researchers, journal reviewers, and the scholarly audience. This includes a comprehensive checklist to promote clear documentation, critical evaluation, and a more nuanced interpretation of statistical evidence. By fostering a nuanced understanding of statistical evidence, this initiative seeks to advance scientific validity and ensure that research findings contribute meaningfully to societal progress.
    MeSH terms: Cooperative Behavior; Data Interpretation, Statistical; Humans; Research Design; Reproducibility of Results
  2. Mat Hassan N, Abdul Aziz A, Husain R, Daud N, Juhari SN
    Heliyon, 2025 Mar 20;11(6):e43178.
    PMID: 40201474 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e43178
    [This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04530.].
  3. Khan Y, Zafar A, Rehman MF, Javed MF, Iftikhar B, Gamil Y
    Heliyon, 2025 Mar 20;11(6):e43082.
    PMID: 40201505 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e43082
    [This retracts the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21601.].
  4. Dudwal R, Jakhar BL, Khan Pathan AR, Kataria A, Dhaka SR, Jan I, et al.
    Heliyon, 2025 Mar 20;11(6):e43155.
    PMID: 40201521 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e43155
    [This retracts the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30065.].
  5. Shutari H, Ibrahim T, Mohd Nor NB, Alharthi YZ, Abdulrab H
    Heliyon, 2025 Mar 20;11(6):e43157.
    PMID: 40201524 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e43157
    [This retracts the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32032.].
  6. Kamsani SH, Fitzgerald JL, Thiyagarajah A, Evans S, Jayakumar M, Ariyaratnam JP, et al.
    Heart Rhythm O2, 2025 Mar;6(3):253-258.
    PMID: 40201670 DOI: 10.1016/j.hroo.2024.12.009
    BACKGROUND: Left bundle branch area pacing (LBBAP) has recently emerged as a strategy for conduction system pacing.

    OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the initial learning experience and acute procedural success in adopting this procedure in an academic training center.

    METHODS: A retrospective review of LBBAP procedures using the Biotronik Solia stylet-driven lead from June 2022 to December 2023 was performed. Procedural and fluoroscopy times with electrocardiographic and pacing parameters were evaluated to determine safety and acute procedural outcomes.

    RESULTS: A total of 69 patients (mean age 75 ± 12 years; 60.9% male) underwent LBBAP implantation over 18 months for standard pacing indications by 10 implanters (including 7 fellows-in-training) without previous experience in LBBAP technique. Mean total procedural time was 74.1 ± 23.5 minutes, and mean fluoroscopy time for LBBAP lead insertion was 9.3 ± 5.4 minutes. Mean paced QRS duration was 115.2 ± 15.5 ms, and mean left ventricular activation time was 79.4 ± 14.5 ms. An rsR' pattern was achieved in 76.8%. LBBAP was successful in 78.3% (overall 43.5% single deployment; median 2 [interquartile range 1-3]) with excellent LBBAP lead parameters: threshold 0.8 ± 0.4 V at 0.4 ms; sensing 9.4 ± 4.2 mV; impedance 627 ± 131 Ω. Acute procedural complications included damaged lead helix requiring a second lead (4.3%), pneumothorax (2.9%), and acute LBBAP lead dislodgment (1.4%). Septal perforation occurred in 10.1% of cases with no acute sequelae. When analyzed in tertiles, the number of lead deployment attempts was significantly reduced with no changes to procedural success rates with increasing experience.

    CONCLUSION: Adoption of LBBAP with stylet-driven lead in an academic training center is feasible and safe, with satisfactory success rates and no overly steep learning curve.

  7. Zhu Z, Shen J, Ho PC, Hu Y, Ma Z, Wang L
    Front Pharmacol, 2025;16:1563198.
    PMID: 40201690 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2025.1563198
    The persistently high mortality rates associated with cancer underscore the imperative need for innovative, efficacious, and safer therapeutic agents, as well as a more nuanced understanding of tumor biology. Patient-derived organoids (PDOs) have emerged as innovative preclinical models with significant translational potential, capable of accurately recapitulating the structural, functional, and heterogeneous characteristics of primary tumors. When integrated with cutting-edge genomic tools such as CRISPR, PDOs provide a powerful platform for identifying cancer driver genes and novel therapeutic targets. This comprehensive review delves into recent advancements in CRISPR-mediated functional screens leveraging PDOs across diverse cancer types, highlighting their pivotal role in high-throughput functional genomics and tumor microenvironment (TME) modeling. Furthermore, this review highlights the synergistic potential of integrating PDOs with CRISPR screens in cancer immunotherapy, focusing on uncovering immune evasion mechanisms and improving the efficacy of immunotherapeutic approaches. Together, these cutting-edge technologies offer significant promise for advancing precision oncology.
  8. Salari N, Fayzi R, Abdipuor E, Ghasemi H, Shohaimi S, Mohammadi M
    Health Sci Rep, 2025 Apr;8(4):e70629.
    PMID: 40201704 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.70629
    BACKGROUND: Anxiety is very common among patients undergoing surgery. Like other forms of surgery, neurosurgery can affect patients both physically and emotionally. One of the ways to control and reduce anxiety is to pay attention to spiritual interventions and spiritual health. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of the Qur'an on the anxiety of neurosurgery Muslim candidates.

    METHODS: This study is interventional research with a pretest and posttest design with a control group. The research population included all patients who were candidates for brain and nerve surgery in the teaching-treatment hospitals in 2019. The samples were selected by probability and simple random sampling methods. The data collection tool included the Spielberger questionnaire and demographics (age, gender, marital status, education degree, job, etc.) and the vital signs checklist (blood pressure, heart rate, and respiration).

    RESULTS: The results of this study showed that the sound of the Quran leads to a decrease in the level of anxiety in the experimental group. The effect size of the group for overt anxiety and anxiety subscales is 53.5% and 40%, respectively; blood pressure is 4.3%, breathing is 20.9%, and heart rate is 21.5%.

    CONCLUSION: Anxiety is an unpleasant complication that many people suffer from before various surgeries. The results of this study indicated that the sound of the Quran is a positive and effective factor in reducing anxiety before neurosurgery in Muslim patients who are candidates for this surgery, so health policymakers can use the results of this study as a research priority to reduce anxiety before surgery.

  9. Siti-Munirah MY, Mohamad Alias S
    PhytoKeys, 2025;254:175-188.
    PMID: 40201735 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.254.136085
    A new mycoheterotrophic species, Thismiaaliasii, is described and illustrated. This species inhabits a hill dipterocarp forest in mountains of eastern Peninsular Malaysia. Thismiaaliasii differs from other Thismia species by the following features: tepals equal in size and shape with different length of their appendages, appendages of the outer tepals shorter than those of the inner tepals (3.5 mm vs. ca. 26-32 mm long), stamen supraconnective at apex with three long filiform appendages and two acute appendages, and the margins of individual connectives abaxially raised into a conspicuous rib. With respect to floral morphology, T.aliasii should be placed to Thismiasubsect.Odoardoa. According to the categories and criteria of the IUCN Red List, T.aliasii is provisionally classified as Critically Endangered (CR).
  10. Titisari N, Ahmad H, Samsulrizal N, Fauzi A, Abdul Razak IS
    Open Vet J, 2025 Feb;15(2):594-600.
    PMID: 40201829 DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.8
    Streptozotocin (STZ) is a widely used chemical agent in biomedical research. It is primarily known for its ability to induce high blood glucose levels in animal models by selectively destroying pancreatic beta cells. Nonetheless, many studies have also used STZ to generate animal models of diabetic complications, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) animal models. STZ induction promotes hyperglycemia, which activates numerous mechanism pathways that result in the production of pathogenic AD characteristics, including beta-amyloid accumulation and neurofibrillary tangles. Numerous theories exist to elucidate the mechanisms underlying diabetes and AD; however, studies on the potential of an animal model of STZ-induced AD remain limited. Thus, this review summarizes the pathogenesis associated with STZ exposure, particularly in AD animal model studies related to diabetes. More specifically, this study will discuss the relationship between increased blood glucose levels after STZ injection and the process of beta-amyloid formation and insulin dysfunction in the brain.
    MeSH terms: Animals; Blood Glucose; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental*; Disease Models, Animal*; Humans; Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism
  11. Khairullah AR, Moses IB, Yanestria SM, Eka Puji Dameanti FNA, Effendi MH, Huat Tang JY, et al.
    Open Vet J, 2025 Feb;15(2):504-518.
    PMID: 40201833 DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.2
    Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bacteria is a global issue requiring serious attention and management. The indiscriminate use of antibiotics in livestock for growth promotion, disease prevention, and treatment has led to the dissemination of AMR bacteria and resistance genes into the environment. In addition, unethical antibiotic sales without prescriptions, poor sanitation, and improper disposal cause significant amounts of antibiotics used in livestock to enter the environment, causing the emergence of resistant bacteria. Intensive livestock farming is an important source of AMR genes, environmental bacteria contamination, and possible transfer to human pathogens. Bacteria intrinsically antibiotic resistant, which are independent of antibiotic use, further complicate AMR and increase the risk of morbidity and mortality following infections by AMR bacteria. Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., and Staphylococcus spp. are commonly found in livestock that carry resistance genes and have a risk of human infection. The impact of AMR, if left unchecked, could lead to substantial public health burdens globally, with a predicted mortality rate higher than cancer by 2050. "One Health" integrates strategies across human, animal, and environmental health domains, including improving antibiotic stewardship in livestock, preventing infection, and raising awareness regarding the judicious use of antibiotics. The use of antibiotic alternatives, such as prebiotics, probiotics, bacteriophages, bacteriocins, and vaccinations, to control or prevent infections in livestock will help to avoid over-reliance on antibiotics. Coordinated international actions are needed to mitigate the spread of AMR through improved regulations, technology improvements, and awareness campaigns.
    MeSH terms: Animals; Animal Husbandry*; Humans; Drug Resistance, Bacterial*
  12. Theqla AD, Karnati S, Kusindarta DL
    Open Vet J, 2025 Feb;15(2):1032-1042.
    PMID: 40201843 DOI: 10.5455/OVJ.2025.v15.i2.51
    BACKGROUND: The forest dragon (Gonocephalus chamaeleontinus) is a reptile of the Agamidae family, and its distribution includes Indonesia and Malaysia. The forest dragon uses its tongue to catch insects and invertebrates. In terms of morphology, the tongue of the Agamidae family is different from other reptiles. The study of morphology in the tongues of Agamidae is crucial for understanding their feeding behavior, prey capture mechanisms, and evolutionary relationships.

    AIM: This research attempts to analyze the morphology of the dorsal surface of the tongue of G. chamaeleontinus by using the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and its histological structure by using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining.

    METHODS: This study achieves the SEM and light microscope images using hematoxylin eosin stains and employs six samples of G. chamaeleontinus.

    RESULTS: The tongue of G. chamaeleontinus separated into three distinct parts: the apex (A), corpus (C), and radix ®. The structure's A contains dome-shaped papillae (DP). The C section contains DP and circumvallate papillae. The R contains scale-like papillae. Additionally, histological analysis using HE stains revealed the taste buds on the DP and circumvallate papillae and the presence of lingual salivary glands (SG) on the lamina propria mucosa.

    CONCLUSION: The tongue's papillae of G. chamaeleontinus comprise sensory and mechanic papillae, which are also completed by lingual SG.

    MeSH terms: Animals; Indonesia; Malaysia; Microscopy/veterinary; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning/veterinary
  13. Li Y, Guo F, Lien SY, Bin Mohd Yusoff AR, Zheng Z, Zhang J, et al.
    Phys Chem Chem Phys, 2025 Apr 09.
    PMID: 40201975 DOI: 10.1039/d5cp00373c
    The widespread application of machine learning (ML) is profoundly transforming traditional research methods in materials science and chemistry, bringing new opportunities while also posing significant challenges and risks. Improper use of ML methods can lead to biased and misleading research outcomes. This review outlines the application processes of ML in the fields of materials science and chemistry, providing an in-depth analysis of potential issues at each stage with case studies, including data management, model construction, evaluation, and shared risks in data reporting. We emphasize the necessity of standardized use of ML and highlight the current crises faced in ML applications in scientific research. This review also summarizes a series of strategies to ensure the reliability and scientific validity of research results. It aims to offer practical guidance to researchers, helping them leverage the advantages of ML while applying these tools in a scientifically sound and compliant manner, avoiding common pitfalls, and promoting more rigorous research practices in materials science and chemistry.
  14. Sanjaykumar SG, Malviya R, Srivastava S, Ahmad I, Uniyal P, Singh B, et al.
    Curr Protein Pept Sci, 2025;26(3):185-200.
    PMID: 39350425 DOI: 10.2174/0113892037323136240910052119
    One of the most well-known instances of an interdisciplinary subject is tissue engineering, where experts from many backgrounds collaborate to address important health issues and improve people's quality of life. Many researchers are interested in using chitosan and its derivatives as an alternative to fabricating scaffold engineering and skin grafts in tissue because of its natural abundance, affordability, biodegradability, biocompatibility, and wound healing properties. Nanomaterials based on peptides can provide cells with the essential biological cues required to promote cellular adhesion and are easily fabricated. Due to such worthy properties of chitosan and peptide, they find their application in tissue engineering and regeneration processes. The implementation of hybrids of chitosan and peptide is increasing in the field of tissue engineering and scaffolding for improved cellular adherence and bioactivity. This review covers the individual applications of peptide and chitosan in tissue engineering and further discusses the role of their conjugates in the same. Here, the recent findings are also discussed, along with studies involving the use of these hybrids in tissue engineering applications.
    MeSH terms: Animals; Cell Adhesion; Humans
  15. Chong B, Saad M, Chong TW, Thng J, Tan YG, Tay KJ, et al.
    BJU Int, 2025 May;135(5):733-740.
    PMID: 39748463 DOI: 10.1111/bju.16632
    Compelling evidence has solidified the notion of early treatment intensification in managing patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). Landmark trials have provided Level 1 evidence for the survival benefits achieved by combining multiple agents. The efficacy of combined therapy relies not only on how treatment is intensified but also on how it is de-escalated. This underscores the importance of tailored treatment approaches, potentially involving a reduction in therapy for specific patients, to strike a balance between the benefits of hormonal treatment and its associated adverse effects. While de-escalation of therapy in mHSPC remains challenging due to limited evidence, it is recommended for elderly or frail patients, those with poor performance status, or experiencing significant toxicity. However, for patients with excellent prostate-specific antigen responses or favourable biomarkers, decisions should be personalised, weighing the potential benefits of continued treatment against the risk of long-term side effects, using risk stratification tools where appropriate.
    MeSH terms: Androgen Antagonists/therapeutic use; Humans; Male; Prostate-Specific Antigen/blood
  16. Chee SY
    PMID: 40192079 DOI: 10.1080/17483107.2025.2489787
    INTRODUCTION: How well can older adults adapt to retrofitted spaces that were never designed to meet their evolving needs? Retrofitted senior living facilities often magnify safety risks that purpose-built environments are specifically designed to mitigate, forcing older adults with functional limitations to contend with bathroom spaces ill-suited to their needs. Among these, bathroom microenvironments stand out as critical zones of vulnerability, warranting immediate investigation.

    PURPOSE: This study explored the lived experiences of older adults with functional limitations in retrofitted senior living facilities, specifically focusing on how bathroom microenvironments unique to these settings impact their safety, autonomy, and fall risks.

    METHODS: In-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 older adults in four urban senior living facilities. Moustakas' transcendental phenomenology and the Modified Stevick-Colaizzi-Keen method were employed to analyze the data.

    RESULTS: Four primary themes emerged: navigating bathroom barriers, psychological strain in daily navigation, safety through adaptation, and economic and cultural barriers to bathroom safety. The findings expose a stark reality: retrofitted senior living facilities frequently fail to meet the safety and accessibility needs of older adults, forcing them to adapt to spaces that compromise both their dignity and independence.

    CONCLUSION: These systemic shortcomings in bathroom microenvironments highlight a critical focus for retrofitting efforts: functionality, safety, and the evolving needs of older adults to create environments that promote autonomy and reduce fall risks. Anything less is not just a missed opportunity-it is a failure to respect the fundamental rights and well-being of an aging population.

  17. Nordin N, Loke ML, Supangat A, Abu Bakar N
    Biomacromolecules, 2025 Apr 07.
    PMID: 40192270 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5c00179
    Modern wearable sensors for health monitoring are becoming increasingly popular due to their versatility. This study investigates the effects of Co2+ ions in flexible alginate-based composite films with doped cobalt and poly(3,4-ethylene-dioxythiophene):polystyrenesulfonate (PEDOT:PSS) for respiratory health monitoring. Contrary to expectations, the Co2+-doped Na-Alg/PEDOT:PSS/Glycerol 3b nanocomposite showed lower LED intensity (168 ± 75 au) and conductivity (5.04 × 10-5 S/m). The addition of Co2+ ions negatively affected the electrical performance and hindered the charge mobility and structural integrity. In contrast, the Na-Alg/PEDOT:PSS/glycerol 2b film achieved higher LED intensity (236 ± 25 au) and maximum conductivity (6.61 × 10-5 S/m), which can be attributed to the plasticizing effect of glycerol that improves the homogeneity of the film and charge transport. This composite also shows excellent wearability on the skin, pressure sensitivity, and the ability to monitor respiration.
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