Affiliations 

  • 1 Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Y.R. Gaitonde Centre for AIDS Research and Education, Voluntary Health Services Hospital Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
  • 2 Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Y.R. Gaitonde Centre for AIDS Research and Education, Voluntary Health Services Hospital Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
  • 3 Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Y.R. Gaitonde Centre for AIDS Research and Education, Voluntary Health Services Hospital Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India; Laboratory-based Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak (UniKL RCMP), Ipoh, Malaysia
  • 4 Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Y.R. Gaitonde Centre for AIDS Research and Education, Voluntary Health Services Hospital Campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Electronic address: bala@yrgcare.org
J Glob Antimicrob Resist, 2019 03;16:274-277.
PMID: 30389636 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2018.10.019

Abstract

OBJECTIVES: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important aetiological agent causing pneumonia, urinary tract infections and bacteraemia. High antibiotic use in nosocomial settings and for immunocompromised conditions results in increasing multidrug resistance. This study analysed the antimicrobial resistance profile of P. aeruginosa isolates in an HIV setting.

METHODS: A total of 7386 clinical specimens were collected from HIV patients attending YRG CARE from 2010-2017. P. aeruginosa isolated from clinical specimens were identified conventionally, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method.

RESULTS: A total of 260 P. aeruginosa strains were isolated, with 165 P. aeruginosa (63.5%) being isolated from hospitalised patients. A higher incidence of P. aeruginosa infection (25.8%) was observed in 2017, and most of the P. aeruginosa were isolated from sputum specimens (57.3%). A high level of resistance was noted to ceftazidime (49.6%), followed by ticarcillin (41.5%). Imipenem and meropenem resistance was observed in 15.0% and 16.9% of P. aeruginosa isolates, respectively. A high rate of imipenem resistance was noted in 2016 (46.2%) and a high rate of meropenem resistance was noted in 2017 (20.5%). An increasing resistance rate of P. aeruginosa was observed against aztreonam, cefepime, levofloxacin, meropenem, piperacillin, piperacillin/tazobactam, ticarcillin and tobramycin from 2010 to 2017.

CONCLUSION: A constant increase in drug-resistant P. aeruginosa isolates from HIV patients was observed from 2010 to 2017. Findings from this study urge the need for periodical monitoring and surveillance of the P. aeruginosa resistance profile, especially in hospitalised and immunocompromised patients in resource-limited settings.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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