Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 69 in total

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  1. Fulltext Analysis of motorcyclist riding behaviour on speed table
    Yuen CW, Karim MR, Saifizul A
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:236396.
    PMID: 24991638 DOI: 10.1155/2014/236396
    This paper focuses on the study of the change of various types of riding behaviour, such as speed, brake force, and throttle force applied, when they ride across the speed table. An instrumented motorcycle equipped with various types of sensor, on-board camera, and data logger was used in acquiring the traffic data in the research. Riders were instructed to ride across two speed tables and the riding data were then analyzed to study the behaviour change from different riders. The results from statistical analysis showed that the riding characteristics such as speed, brake force, and throttle force applied are influenced by distance from hump, riding experience, and travel mileage of riders. Riders tend to apply higher brake intensity at distance point 50 m before the speed table and release the braking at point -10 m after the hump. In short, speed table has different rates of influence towards riding behaviour on different factors, such as distance from hump and different riders' attributes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Computer Systems*
  2. Fulltext Rootkit guard (RG) - an architecture for rootkit resistant file-system implementation based on TPM
    Yew, Teh Jia, Khairulmizam Samsudin, Nur Izura Udzir, Shaiful Jahari Hashim
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2013;21(2):507-520.
    MyJurnal
    Recent rootkit-attack mitigation work neglected to address the integrity of the mitigation tool itself. Both detection and prevention arms of current rootkit-attack mitigation solutions can be given credit for the advancement of multiple methodologies for rootkit defense but if the defense system itself is compromised, how is the defense system to be trusted? Another deficiency not addressed is how platform integrity can be preserved without availability of current RIDS or RIPS solutions, which operate only upon the loading of the kernel i.e. without availability of a trusted boot environment. To address these deficiencies, we present our architecture for solving rootkit persistence – Rootkit Guard (RG). RG is a marriage between TrustedGRUB (providing trusted boot), IMA (Integrity Measurement Architecture) (serves as RIDS) and SELinux (serves as RIPS). TPM hardware is utilised to provide total integrity of our platform via storage of the aggregate of the clean snapshot of our platform OS kernel into TPM hardware registers (i.e. the PCR) – of which no software attacks have been demonstrated to date. RG solves rootkit persistence by leveraging on one vital but simple strategy: the mounting of rootkit defense via prevention of the execution of configuration binaries or build initialisation scripts. We adopted the technique of rootkit persistence prevention via thwarting the initialisation of a rootkit’s installation procedure; if the rootkit is successfully installed, proper deployment via thwarting of the rootkit’s
    configuration is prevented. We had subjected the RG to 8 real world Linux 2.6 rootkits and the RG was successful in solving rootkit persistence in all 8 evaluated rootkits. In terms of performance, the RG introduced a maximum of 11% overhead and an average of 4% overhead, hence permitting deployment in production environments.
    Matched MeSH terms: Computer Systems
  3. Effects of short-term VDT usage on visual functions
    Yeow PT, Taylor SP
    Optom Vis Sci, 1989 Jul;66(7):459-66.
    PMID: 2771333
    An on-site comparative study was carried out on the effects of video display terminal (VDT) and non-VDT work on visual functions in two working populations in the same office environment. Both continuous VDT usage in a training situation over a few days and intermittent VDT usage in a normal working situation were assessed and particular attention paid to their effects on the refractive error of different refractive groups and for different age populations. Other visual functions measured were visual acuity (VA), accommodation, and convergence. Results show that VDT work does not have a significantly greater effect on visual function than non-VDT work.
    Matched MeSH terms: Computer Systems*
  4. MIMO model of an interacting series process for Robust MPC via System Identification
    Wibowo TC, Saad N
    ISA Trans, 2010 Jul;49(3):335-47.
    PMID: 20304404 DOI: 10.1016/j.isatra.2010.02.005
    This paper discusses the empirical modeling using system identification technique with a focus on an interacting series process. The study is carried out experimentally using a gaseous pilot plant as the process, in which the dynamic of such a plant exhibits the typical dynamic of an interacting series process. Three practical approaches are investigated and their performances are evaluated. The models developed are also examined in real-time implementation of a linear model predictive control. The selected model is able to reproduce the main dynamic characteristics of the plant in open-loop and produces zero steady-state errors in closed-loop control system. Several issues concerning the identification process and the construction of a MIMO state space model for a series interacting process are deliberated.
    Matched MeSH terms: Computer Systems
  5. Fulltext A renewable approach to electric vehicle charging through solar energy storage
    Umair M, Hidayat NM, Sukri Ahmad A, Nik Ali NH, Mawardi MIM, Abdullah E
    PLoS One, 2024;19(2):e0297376.
    PMID: 38422065 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297376
    Developing novel EV chargers is crucial for accelerating Electric Vehicle (EV) adoption, mitigating range anxiety, and fostering technological advancements that enhance charging efficiency and grid integration. These advancements address current challenges and contribute to a more sustainable and convenient future of electric mobility. This paper explores the performance dynamics of a solar-integrated charging system. It outlines a simulation study on harnessing solar energy as the primary Direct Current (DC) EV charging source. The approach incorporates an Energy Storage System (ESS) to address solar intermittencies and mitigate photovoltaic (PV) mismatch losses. Executed through MATLAB, the system integrates key components, including solar PV panels, the ESS, a DC charger, and an EV battery. The study finds that a change in solar irradiance from 400 W/m2 to 1000 W/m2 resulted in a substantial 47% increase in the output power of the solar PV system. Simultaneously, the ESS shows a 38% boost in output power under similar conditions, with the assessments conducted at a room temperature of 25°C. The results emphasize that optimal solar panel placement with higher irradiance levels is essential to leverage integrated solar energy EV chargers. The research also illuminates the positive correlation between elevated irradiance levels and the EV battery's State of Charge (SOC). This correlation underscores the efficiency gains achievable through enhanced solar power absorption, facilitating more effective and expedited EV charging.
    Matched MeSH terms: Computer Systems
  6. Modified recurrent equation-based cubic spline interpolation for missing data recovery in phasor measurement unit (PMU)
    Thangaraj S, Goh VT, Yap TTV
    F1000Res, 2022;11:246.
    PMID: 38152076 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.73182.3
    BACKGROUND: Smart grid systems require high-quality Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) data for proper operation, control, and decision-making. Missing PMU data may lead to improper actions or even blackouts. While the conventional cubic interpolation methods based on the solution of a set of linear equations to solve for the cubic spline coefficients have been applied by many researchers for interpolation of missing data, the computational complexity increases non-linearly with increasing data size.

    METHODS: In this work, a modified recurrent equation-based cubic spline interpolation procedure for recovering missing PMU data is proposed. The recurrent equation-based method makes the computations of spline constants simpler. Using PMU data from the State Load Despatch Center (SLDC) in Madhya Pradesh, India, a comparison of the root mean square error (RMSE) values and time of calculation (ToC) is calculated for both methods.

    RESULTS: The modified recurrent relation method could retrieve missing values 10 times faster when compared to the conventional cubic interpolation method based on the solution of a set of linear equations. The RMSE values have shown the proposed method is effective even for special cases of missing values (edges, continuous missing values).

    CONCLUSIONS: The proposed method can retrieve any number of missing values at any location using observed data with a minimal number of calculations.

    Matched MeSH terms: Computer Systems*
  7. Fulltext Synchronisation of output voltage waveforms in phase synchronous inverter with LCL filter for smart grid systems
    Tawfikur Rahman, Ibrahimy, M.I., Motakabber, S.M.A.
    Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2017;25(107):145-156.
    MyJurnal
    A new smart grid system is widely used for energy supply system because it is simple, available, low cost, high efficiency and environmentally friendly. Conventionally, inverter techniques are utilised to convert input DC into output AC with the same frequency and phase. This process suffers the same problem which is a higher harmonic distortion, phase synchronisation, lower quality of waveform and long distance, among others. In this paper, three phase synchronous inverters (PSI) were used to direct synchronous PWM control, LCL filter, three phase RLC load, three phase Yg-Delta transformer, 5 km feeder with 2 MW load. PWM was used to generate the pulse signal for synchronisation. However, LCL filters were used to remove the noise in inverter output and transformer output side of the design. A balanced three phase load (10 kVAR) and also the input DC voltage 500 V were considered in this design. Three phase transformer (100kVA/260V/25kV) was used to increase the inverter output voltage and current with the fundamental frequency (50 Hz). The system conversion efficiency was 99.96% and phase synchronous error for each phase was approximately 4.5 degrees.
    Matched MeSH terms: Computer Systems
  8. Fulltext Monte Carlo method with heuristic adjustment for irregularly shaped food product volume measurement
    Siswantoro J, Prabuwono AS, Abdullah A, Idrus B
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:683048.
    PMID: 24892069 DOI: 10.1155/2014/683048
    Volume measurement plays an important role in the production and processing of food products. Various methods have been proposed to measure the volume of food products with irregular shapes based on 3D reconstruction. However, 3D reconstruction comes with a high-priced computational cost. Furthermore, some of the volume measurement methods based on 3D reconstruction have a low accuracy. Another method for measuring volume of objects uses Monte Carlo method. Monte Carlo method performs volume measurements using random points. Monte Carlo method only requires information regarding whether random points fall inside or outside an object and does not require a 3D reconstruction. This paper proposes volume measurement using a computer vision system for irregularly shaped food products without 3D reconstruction based on Monte Carlo method with heuristic adjustment. Five images of food product were captured using five cameras and processed to produce binary images. Monte Carlo integration with heuristic adjustment was performed to measure the volume based on the information extracted from binary images. The experimental results show that the proposed method provided high accuracy and precision compared to the water displacement method. In addition, the proposed method is more accurate and faster than the space carving method.
    Matched MeSH terms: Computer Systems
  9. Real-time human respiration carbon dioxide measurement device for cardiorespiratory assessment
    Singh OP, Howe TA, Malarvili MB
    J Breath Res, 2018 01 04;12(2):026003.
    PMID: 28928295 DOI: 10.1088/1752-7163/aa8dbd
    The development of a human respiration carbon dioxide (CO2) measurement device to evaluate cardiorespiratory status inside and outside a hospital setting has proven to be a challenging area of research over the few last decades. Hence, we report a real-time, user operable CO2 measurement device using an infrared CO2 sensor (Arduino Mega2560) and a thin film transistor (TFT, 3.5″), incorporated with low pass (cut-off frequency, 10 Hz) and moving average (span, 8) filters. The proposed device measures features such as partial end-tidal carbon dioxide (EtCO2), respiratory rate (RR), inspired carbon dioxide (ICO2), and a newly proposed feature-Hjorth activity-that annotates data with the date and time from a real-time clock, and is stored onto a secure digital (SD) card. Further, it was tested on 22 healthy subjects and the performance (reliability, validity and relationship) of each feature was established using (1) an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), (2) standard error measurement (SEM), (3) smallest detectable difference (SDD), (4) Bland-Altman plot, and (5) Pearson's correlation (r). The SEM, SDD, and ICC values for inter- and intra-rater reliability were less than 5% and more than 0.8, respectively. Further, the Bland-Altman plot demonstrates that mean differences ± standard deviations for a set limit were 0.30 ± 0.77 mmHg, -0.34 ± 1.41 mmHg and 0.21 ± 0.64 breath per minute (bpm) for CO2, EtCO2 and RR. The findings revealed that the developed device is highly reliable, providing valid measurements for CO2, EtCO2, ICO2 and RR, and can be used in clinical settings for cardiorespiratory assessment. This research also demonstrates that EtCO2 and RR (r, -0.696) are negatively correlated while EtCO2 and activity (r, 0.846) are positively correlated. Thus, simultaneous measurement of these features may possibly assist physicians in understanding the subject's cardiopulmonary status. In future, the proposed device will be tested with asthmatic patients for use as an early screening tool outside a hospital setting.
    Matched MeSH terms: Computer Systems*
  10. Objective assessment of vitiligo with a computerised digital imaging analysis system
    Shamsudin N, Hussein SH, Nugroho H, Fadzil MH
    Australas J Dermatol, 2015 Nov;56(4):285-9.
    PMID: 25367709 DOI: 10.1111/ajd.12247
    An objective tool to quantify treatment response in vitiligo is currently lacking. This study aimed to objectively evaluate the treatment response in vitiligo by using a computerised digital imaging analysis system (C-DIAS) and to compare it with the physician's global assessment (PGA). Tacrolimus ointment 0.1% (Protopic; Astellas Pharma Tech,Toyama, Japan) was applied twice daily on selected lesions which were photographed every 6 weeks for 24 weeks. The primary efficacy end-point was the mean percentage of repigmentation (MPR), as assessed by the digital method (MPR-C-DIAS) or by the PGA. The response was categorised into none (0%), mild (1-25%), moderate (26-50%), good (51-75%) and excellent (76-100%).
    Matched MeSH terms: Computer Systems
  11. Fulltext Short term energy consumption forecasting using neural basis expansion analysis for interpretable time series
    Shaikh AK, Nazir A, Khan I, Shah AS
    Sci Rep, 2022 Dec 29;12(1):22562.
    PMID: 36581655 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26499-y
    Smart grids and smart homes are getting people's attention in the modern era of smart cities. The advancements of smart technologies and smart grids have created challenges related to energy efficiency and production according to the future demand of clients. Machine learning, specifically neural network-based methods, remained successful in energy consumption prediction, but still, there are gaps due to uncertainty in the data and limitations of the algorithms. Research published in the literature has used small datasets and profiles of primarily single users; therefore, models have difficulties when applied to large datasets with profiles of different customers. Thus, a smart grid environment requires a model that handles consumption data from thousands of customers. The proposed model enhances the newly introduced method of Neural Basis Expansion Analysis for interpretable Time Series (N-BEATS) with a big dataset of energy consumption of 169 customers. Further, to validate the results of the proposed model, a performance comparison has been carried out with the Long Short Term Memory (LSTM), Blocked LSTM, Gated Recurrent Units (GRU), Blocked GRU and Temporal Convolutional Network (TCN). The proposed interpretable model improves the prediction accuracy on the big dataset containing energy consumption profiles of multiple customers. Incorporating covariates into the model improved accuracy by learning past and future energy consumption patterns. Based on a large dataset, the proposed model performed better for daily, weekly, and monthly energy consumption predictions. The forecasting accuracy of the N-BEATS interpretable model for 1-day-ahead energy consumption with "day as covariates" remained better than the 1, 2, 3, and 4-week scenarios.
    Matched MeSH terms: Computer Systems*
  12. Fulltext Level of satisfaction in using the hospital information system among staff of a teaching hospital in Malaysia
    Sangaran, G., Ahmad Taufik, J., Aniza, I.
    Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2014;14(1):29-38.
    MyJurnal
    Hospital information systems have evolved with the recent widespread, involving technology and target functions, and this involves the critical computer systems from multiple perspectives. Healthcare organizations increasingly use information technology as a basis for improving productivity and user satisfaction. A research had been done about the level of satisfaction in using the Hospital Information System. Data was obtained by using a set of questionnaires that have been tested for reliability and validity. The staff are comprised of two (2) categories: Nurses (community nurses / Head nurse / staff nurse, nurse managers and others) while the second category consists of administrative officers (administrative officers, administrative assistants and clerks) in selected departments. Variables consist of sociodemographic factors, occupational factors and perception factors. A total of 152 respondents identified using stratified sampling method. The factors studied were age, gender, marital status, level of qualifications, length of service, knowledge of the system, attitude towards the use of the system, behavioral intention to use the system and compatibility with work. Majority of respondents were females (88.2%). The level of satisfaction among the staff in using the hospital information system is high (88.8%) compared to the dissatisfied staff in UKMMC (11.2%). In overall, the staffs in UKMMC are satisfied using the hospital information system available now but there are always a room for improvement so that the system can be used more intensively.
    Matched MeSH terms: Computer Systems
  13. Security threats categories in healthcare information systems
    Samy GN, Ahmad R, Ismail Z
    Health Informatics J, 2010 Sep;16(3):201-9.
    PMID: 20889850 DOI: 10.1177/1460458210377468
    This article attempts to investigate the various types of threats that exist in healthcare information systems (HIS). A study has been carried out in one of the government-supported hospitals in Malaysia.The hospital has been equipped with a Total Hospital Information System (THIS). The data collected were from three different departments, namely the Information Technology Department (ITD), the Medical Record Department (MRD), and the X-Ray Department, using in-depth structured interviews. The study identified 22 types of threats according to major threat categories based on ISO/IEC 27002 (ISO 27799:2008). The results show that the most critical threat for the THIS is power failure followed by acts of human error or failure and other technological factors. This research holds significant value in terms of providing a complete taxonomy of threat categories in HIS and also an important component in the risk analysis stage.
    Matched MeSH terms: Computer Systems
  14. Multi-sources data fusion framework for remote triage prioritization in telehealth
    Salman OH, Rasid MF, Saripan MI, Subramaniam SK
    J Med Syst, 2014 Sep;38(9):103.
    PMID: 25047520 DOI: 10.1007/s10916-014-0103-4
    The healthcare industry is streamlining processes to offer more timely and effective services to all patients. Computerized software algorithm and smart devices can streamline the relation between users and doctors by providing more services inside the healthcare telemonitoring systems. This paper proposes a multi-sources framework to support advanced healthcare applications. The proposed framework named Multi Sources Healthcare Architecture (MSHA) considers multi-sources: sensors (ECG, SpO2 and Blood Pressure) and text-based inputs from wireless and pervasive devices of Wireless Body Area Network. The proposed framework is used to improve the healthcare scalability efficiency by enhancing the remote triaging and remote prioritization processes for the patients. The proposed framework is also used to provide intelligent services over telemonitoring healthcare services systems by using data fusion method and prioritization technique. As telemonitoring system consists of three tiers (Sensors/ sources, Base station and Server), the simulation of the MSHA algorithm in the base station is demonstrated in this paper. The achievement of a high level of accuracy in the prioritization and triaging patients remotely, is set to be our main goal. Meanwhile, the role of multi sources data fusion in the telemonitoring healthcare services systems has been demonstrated. In addition to that, we discuss how the proposed framework can be applied in a healthcare telemonitoring scenario. Simulation results, for different symptoms relate to different emergency levels of heart chronic diseases, demonstrate the superiority of our algorithm compared with conventional algorithms in terms of classify and prioritize the patients remotely.
    Matched MeSH terms: Computer Systems
  15. Fulltext A fuzzy controller for lower limb exoskeletons during sit-to-stand and stand-to-sit movement using wearable sensors
    Reza SM, Ahmad N, Choudhury IA, Ghazilla RA
    Sensors (Basel), 2014 Mar 04;14(3):4342-63.
    PMID: 24599193 DOI: 10.3390/s140304342
    Human motion is a daily and rhythmic activity. The exoskeleton concept is a very positive scientific approach for human rehabilitation in case of lower limb impairment. Although the exoskeleton shows potential, it is not yet applied extensively in clinical rehabilitation. In this research, a fuzzy based control algorithm is proposed for lower limb exoskeletons during sit-to-stand and stand-to-sit movements. Surface electromyograms (EMGs) are acquired from the vastus lateralis muscle using a wearable EMG sensor. The resultant acceleration angle along the z-axis is determined from a kinematics sensor. Twenty volunteers were chosen to perform the experiments. The whole experiment was accomplished in two phases. In the first phase, acceleration angles and EMG data were acquired from the volunteers during both sit-to-stand and stand-to-sit motions. During sit-to-stand movements, the average acceleration angle at activation was 11°-48° and the EMG varied from -0.19 mV to +0.19 mV. On the other hand, during stand-to-sit movements, the average acceleration angle was found to be 57.5°-108° at the activation point and the EMG varied from -0.32 mV to +0.32 mV. In the second phase, a fuzzy controller was designed from the experimental data. The controller was tested and validated with both offline and real time data using LabVIEW.
    Matched MeSH terms: Computer Systems
  16. Fulltext Measurement of dosimetric parameters and dose verifi cation in stereotactic radiosurgery (srs)
    Reduan Abdullah, Ahmad Zakaria, Nur Iziana Mohsin, Nik Ruzman Nik Idris, Ahmad Lutfi Yusof, Mazurawati Mohamed
    Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2015;13(1):39-49.
    MyJurnal
    The fi rst part of this study was about measurement of dosimetric parameters for small photon beams to be used as input
    data for treatment planning computer system (TPS) and to verify the dose calculated by TPS in Stereotactic Radiosurgery
    (SRS) procedure. The beam data required were percentage depth dose (PDD), off-axis ratio (OAR) and scattering factor.
    Small beams of 5 mm to 45 mm diameter from a circular cone collimator in SRS were used for beam data measurements.
    Measurements were made using pinpoint ionisation chamber (0.016cc). In the second part of this study, we reported
    the important of carrying out quality assurance (QA) procedures before SRS treatment which were found to infl uence the
    accuracy of dose delivery. These QA procedures consisted of measurements on the accuracy in target localization and
    treatment room laser alignment. The calculated TPS dose for treatment was verifi ed using pinpoint ionisation chamber
    and thermoluminescent detector (TLD) 100H. The deviation mean between measured and calculated dose was -3.28%.
    The measured dose obtained from pinpoint ionisation chamber is in good agreement with the calculated dose from TPS
    with deviation mean of 2.17%. In conclusion, pinpoint ionisation chamber gives a better accuracy in dose calculation
    compared to TLD 100H. The results are acceptable as recommended by International Commission on Radiation Units
    and Measurements (ICRU) Report No. 50 (1994) that dose delivered to the target volume must be within ± 5% error.
    Matched MeSH terms: Computer Systems
  17. Fulltext Gamma scan technique for detecting coupon inside the mother pipeline
    Rasif Mohd Zain, Roslan Yahya, Mohamad Rabaie Shari, Airwan Affandi Mahmood, Mior Ahmad Khusaini Adnan
    Jurnal Sains Nuklear Malaysia, 2012;24(2):28-34.
    MyJurnal
    Many times a year natural gas transmission and distribution companies need to make new connections to pipelines to expand or modify their existing system through hot tapping procedure. This procedure involves the installation of a new pipeline connection while the pipeline remains in service, flowing natural gas under pressure. The hot tap procedure includes attaching a branch connection and valve on the outside of an operating pipeline, and then cutting out the pipe-line wall within the branch and removing the wall section, which is called object of coupon through the valve. During the hot tapping process a critical problems occurred when a coupon fell into the mother pipeline. To overcome this problem, a gamma-ray absorption technique was chosen whereby a mapping technique will be done to detect the coupon position. The technique is non-destructive as it applies Co-60 (5mCi) as a radioisotope sealed source to emit gamma radiation and a NaI(Tl) scintillation as detector. The result provided a visible representation of density profile inside pipeline where the coupon location can be located. This paper provides the detail of the technique used and presents the result obtained.
    Matched MeSH terms: Computer Systems
  18. Detection of enteroviruses from clinical specimens
    Poh CL, Tan EL
    Methods Mol Biol, 2011;665:65-77.
    PMID: 21116796 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60761-817-1_5
    Enteroviruses are positive stranded RNA viruses belonging to the genus Enterovirus of the Picornaviridae family. Human enteroviruses are transmitted through the fecal-oral route and have been shown to cause mild to life-threatening diseases. Various diagnostic methods have been developed to detect enteroviruses from clinical specimens but many were impeded by requirements for special reagents, lengthy procedures, low sensitivity or cross-reactivity. This chapter describes rapid and highly sensitive methods of enteroviral detection directly from clinical specimens based on a conventional one-step Reverse Transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and a one-step real-time RT-PCR.
    Matched MeSH terms: Computer Systems
  19. Fulltext ESTIMATION OF SAND DISTRIBUTION IN CORAL REEF ENVIRONMENT USING COLOURSEGMENTATION AND COLOURTHRESHOLDING METHODS
    PAULEEN ONG, MUHAMMAD SUZURI HITAM, ZAINUDDIN BACHOK, ZAINUDDIN BACHOK, MOHD SAFUAN CHE DIN
    UMT Journal of Undergraduate Research, 2019;1(3):96-104.
    MyJurnal
    At present, marine scientists employ manual method to estimate the components in coral reef environment,where Coral Point Count with Excel extensions (CPCe) software is used to determine the coral reef components and substrate coverage. This manual processis laboriousand time consuming,and needsexpertsto conduct the survey. In this paper, a prototype for estimating the distribution of sand cover in coral reef environment from still images by using colourextraction methods was introduced. The coloursegmentation called delta E was used to calculate the colourdifference between two coloursamples. Another method used wascolourthresholdby setting the range of sand colourpixels. Thesystem was developed by using a MATLAB software withimage processing toolbox. The developed system was semi-automatic computer-based system that can be used by researcherseven with little knowledge and experience to estimatethepercentage of sand coveragein coral reef still images.
    Matched MeSH terms: Computer Systems
  20. Fulltext A Comparative Performance Analysis of Computational Intelligence Techniques to Solve the Asymmetric Travelling Salesman Problem
    Odili JB, Noraziah A, Zarina M
    Comput Intell Neurosci, 2021;2021:6625438.
    PMID: 33986793 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6625438
    This paper presents a comparative performance analysis of some metaheuristics such as the African Buffalo Optimization algorithm (ABO), Improved Extremal Optimization (IEO), Model-Induced Max-Min Ant Colony Optimization (MIMM-ACO), Max-Min Ant System (MMAS), Cooperative Genetic Ant System (CGAS), and the heuristic, Randomized Insertion Algorithm (RAI) to solve the asymmetric Travelling Salesman Problem (ATSP). Quite unlike the symmetric Travelling Salesman Problem, there is a paucity of research studies on the asymmetric counterpart. This is quite disturbing because most real-life applications are actually asymmetric in nature. These six algorithms were chosen for their performance comparison because they have posted some of the best results in literature and they employ different search schemes in attempting solutions to the ATSP. The comparative algorithms in this study employ different techniques in their search for solutions to ATSP: the African Buffalo Optimization employs the modified Karp-Steele mechanism, Model-Induced Max-Min Ant Colony Optimization (MIMM-ACO) employs the path construction with patching technique, Cooperative Genetic Ant System uses natural selection and ordering; Randomized Insertion Algorithm uses the random insertion approach, and the Improved Extremal Optimization uses the grid search strategy. After a number of experiments on the popular but difficult 15 out of the 19 ATSP instances in TSPLIB, the results show that the African Buffalo Optimization algorithm slightly outperformed the other algorithms in obtaining the optimal results and at a much faster speed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Computer Systems
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