Displaying publications 2701 - 2720 of 10018 in total

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  1. Ramli R, Khamis MF, Shuid AN
    PMID: 22952556 DOI: 10.1155/2012/501858
    Recent studies suggested that Eurycoma longifolia, a herbal plant, may have the potential to treat osteoporosis in elderly male. This study aimed to determine the effects of Eurycoma longifolia supplementation on the trabecular bone microarchitecture of orchidectomised rats (androgen-deficient osteoporosis model). Forty-eight-aged (10-12 months old) Sprague Dawley rats were divided into six groups of sham-operated (SHAM), orchidectomised control (ORX), orchidectomised + 7 mg/rat testosterone enanthate (TEN) and orchidectomised + Eurycoma longifolia 30 mg/kg (EL30), orchidectomised + Eurycoma longifolia 60 mg/kg (EL60), orchidectomised + Eurycoma longifolia 90 mg/kg (EL90). Rats were euthanized following six weeks of treatment. The left femora were used to measure the trabecular bone microarchitecture using micro-CT. Orchidectomy significantly decreased connectivity density, trabecular bone volume, and trabecular number compared to the SHAM group. Testosterone replacement reversed all the orchidectomy-induced changes in the micro-CT parameters. EL at 30 and 60 mg/kg rat worsened the trabecular bone connectivity density and trabecular separation parameters of orchidectomised rats. EL at 90 mg/kg rat preserved the bone volume. High dose of EL (90 mg/kg) may have potential in preserving the bone microarchitecture of orchidectomised rats, but lower doses may further worsen the osteoporotic changes.
  2. Hadi H, Makahleh A, Saad B
    PMID: 22503735 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.03.031
    A hollow fiber liquid phase microextraction (HF-LPME) in conjunction with reversed phase HPLC-UV method was developed for the extraction and determination of trace amounts of the antidiabetic drug, mitiglinide (MIT) in biological fluids. The drug was extracted from 10 mL aqueous sample (donor phase (DP)) into an organic phase impregnated in the pores of hollow fiber, followed by the back extraction into a second aqueous solution (acceptor phase (AP)) located in the lumen of the hollow fiber. Parameters influencing the extraction efficiency including the kind of organic solvent, composition of DP and AP, extraction time, stirring rate and salt addition were investigated and optimized. Under the optimized extraction conditions, high enrichment factors (210-fold), good linearity (5-1000 ng mL(-1)) and detection limit lower than 1.38 ng mL(-1) were achieved. Recoveries of spiked samples were in the range (88.3-96.3%) and (92.0-99.3%) for urine and plasma samples, respectively. The percent relative standard deviation (n=9) for the extraction and determination of three concentration levels (100, 400 and 800 ng mL(-1)) of MIT were less than 10.6% and 13.6% for urine and plasma samples, respectively. The developed method is simple, sensitive and has been successfully applied to the analysis of MIT in biological fluids.
  3. Alabsi BA, Anbar M, Rihan SDA
    Sensors (Basel), 2023 Jun 16;23(12).
    PMID: 37420810 DOI: 10.3390/s23125644
    The increasing use of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has led to a rise in Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) and Denial of Service (DoS) attacks on these networks. These attacks can have severe consequences, resulting in the unavailability of critical services and financial losses. In this paper, we propose an Intrusion Detection System (IDS) based on a Conditional Tabular Generative Adversarial Network (CTGAN) for detecting DDoS and DoS attacks on IoT networks. Our CGAN-based IDS utilizes a generator network to produce synthetic traffic that mimics legitimate traffic patterns, while the discriminator network learns to differentiate between legitimate and malicious traffic. The syntactic tabular data generated by CTGAN is employed to train multiple shallow machine-learning and deep-learning classifiers, enhancing their detection model performance. The proposed approach is evaluated using the Bot-IoT dataset, measuring detection accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 measure. Our experimental results demonstrate the accurate detection of DDoS and DoS attacks on IoT networks using the proposed approach. Furthermore, the results highlight the significant contribution of CTGAN in improving the performance of detection models in machine learning and deep learning classifiers.
  4. Suhaimi SA, Chan SC, Rosli R
    J Breast Cancer, 2020 Feb;23(1):1-9.
    PMID: 32140265 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2020.23.e17
    Matrix metallopeptidase 3 or MMP3, is a zinc-dependent proteolytic enzyme that is involved in various physiological processes via modification of the extracellular matrix. In particular, its over-expression has been associated with cancer metastasis and tumor growth in various cancers including breast cancer. MMP3 gene expression is regulated by several factors such as DNA polymorphisms which also serve as risk factors for breast cancer. As such, DNA polymorphisms of MMP3 have the potential to be utilized as genetic biomarkers for prediction and prognosis of metastatic breast cancer. Presently, genome-wide association studies of MMP3 gene polymorphisms which are associated with breast cancer risk and patient survival in a variety of populations are reviewed. In order to understand the potential role of MMP3 polymorphisms as genetic markers for breast cancer metastasis, the domain structure of MMP3, the regulation of its expression and its role in breast cancer metastasis are also briefly discussed in this review. The emergence of MMP3 gene polymorphisms as prognostic biomarker candidates for breast cancer metastasis may contribute towards improving targeted therapies and categorization of breast cancer cases in order to provide a better and more accurate prognosis.
  5. Jafar AB, Shafie S, Ullah I
    Heliyon, 2020 Jun;6(6):e04201.
    PMID: 32637680 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e04201
    In this article, we numerically investigate the influence of thermal radiation and heat generation on the flow of an electrically conducting nanofluid past a nonlinear stretching sheet through a porous medium with frictional heating. The partial differential equations governing the flow problems are reduced to ordinary differential equations via similarity variables. The reduced equations are then solved numerically with the aid of Keller box method. The influence of physical parameters such as nanoparticle volume fraction ϕ, permeability parameter K, nonlinear stretching sheet parameter n, magnetic field parameter M, heat generation parameter Q and Eckert number Ec on the flow field, temperature distribution, skin friction and Nusselt number are studied and presented in graphical illustrations and tabular forms. The results obtained reveal that there is an enhancement in the rate of heat transfer with the rise in nanoparticle volume fraction and permeability parameter. The temperature distribution is also influenced with the presence of K, Q, R and ϕ. This shows that the solid volume fraction of nanoparticle can be used in controlling the behaviours of heat transfer and nanofluid flows.
  6. Hao YS, Othman N, Zaini MAA
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2024 Oct;277(Pt 4):134353.
    PMID: 39089559 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134353
    The work was aimed at evaluating the adsorptive properties of waste newspaper (WN) activated carbons chemically produced using sodium salts for methylene blue (MB) and congo red (CR) removal. The activated carbons, designated as AC1, AC2, AC3 and AC4 were prepared through impregnation with NaH2PO4, Na2CO3, NaCl and NaOH, respectively and activation at 500 °C for 1 h. The activated carbons were characterized for surface chemistry, thermal stability, specific area, morphology and composition. The AC1 with a surface area of 917 m2/g exhibits a greater MB capacity of 651 mg/g. Meanwhile, a greater CR capacity was recorded by AC2 at 299 mg/g. The pseudo-second order model fitted well with the kinetic data, while the equilibrium data could be described by Langmuir model. The thermodynamic parameters, i.e.., positive ΔH°, negative ΔG° and positive ΔS° suggest that the adsorption of dyes is endothermic, spontaneous and feasible at high solution temperature. To conclude, WN is a potential cellulose source for producing activated carbon, while NaH2PO4 activation could be employed to convert WN into activated carbon for effective dye wastewater treatment.
  7. Ooi ECW, Md Isa Z, Abdul Manaf MR, Ahmad Fuad AS, Ahmad A, Mustapa MN, et al.
    PLoS One, 2024;19(9):e0308403.
    PMID: 39240890 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0308403
    As health systems transition to ICD-11, it is essential to gauge the readiness and improve existing transition efforts. Assessing the intention to use ICD-11 and factors influencing it is imperative to encourage the use of ICD-11 among the medical record officers (MROs) and assistant medical record officers (AMROs). This study aims to develop and validate a questionnaire on the factors influencing the intention to use ICD-11 among MROs and AMROs in the Ministry of Health, Malaysia. This study comprised a questionnaire development and validation involving 292 participants nationwide from Ministry of Health Malaysia facilities. The questionnaire was developed based on items adapted from the literature. Forward and backward English-Malay translation was done. Then, the questionnaire was examined for content validity, internal consistency reliability, construct validity, face validity, convergent validity, discriminant validity and confirmatory factor analyses. The final version of the questionnaire consists of eleven domains represented by 50 items. The content validity index and modified kappa were excellent for all domains. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin sampling adequacy value was appropriate, with a value of 0.790. The questionnaire also demonstrated good internal consistency reliability with Cronbach's alpha values between 0.850 and 0.992. Confirmatory factor analysis showed a reasonable fit for this eleven-factor model. In conclusion, this questionnaire provides a reliable tool for investigating the intention to use ICD-11 among MROs and AMROs. Positive findings from the psychometric properties support the validity of the questionnaire. This instrument can potentially support personnel in charge of ICD codification, guide the ICD-11 transition at various levels and facilitate research on support dynamics among the MROs and AMROs.
  8. Ooi ECW, Md Isa Z, Abdul Manaf MR, Ahmad Fuad AS, Sidek HF, Mustapa MN, et al.
    Health Inf Manag, 2024 Nov 23.
    PMID: 39578964 DOI: 10.1177/18333583241295717
    BACKGROUND: The transition of systems to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases 11th Version (ICD-11) allows access to comprehensive data that accurately portray the complexity of morbidity and mortality data in Malaysia.

    OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate Malaysia's experience in implementing ICD-11, from data collection to downstream data use applications.

    METHOD AND IMPLEMENTATION: We describe improvements to existing data source systems and downstream data applications. For non-HIS and HIS (ICD-10) systems, data were manually entered into the health management information system equipped with ICD-11 or automatically mapped from ICD-10 to ICD-11. Following these system improvements, we collected and reported ICD-11 data from all hospitals nationwide, regardless of the individual systems' status in ICD-11 use.

    DISCUSSION: Lessons learnt related to legacy systems; ICD-11 releases and system updates; mapping; reporting; human resources and related applications.

    CONCLUSION: With careful planning, standardisation of the collection and use of ICD-11 data can be accomplished with limited resources and in a complex environment with heterogeneous systems.

    IMPLICATIONS: Use of ICD-11 data in downstream data applications improves data quality to answer specific business or research questions.

  9. Islahudin F, Tamezi AM, Shah NM
    PMID: 26466434
    Antibiotic resistance is a major problem globally. Awareness of the impact and significance of antibiotic resistance is a first step in hindering its progression. We conducted this survey to evaluate knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding antibiotic use in Malaysia. A total of 373 respondents were surveyed, 219 (58.1%) were female and 312 (83%) were Malay ethnicity. Eighty-four point two percent (314) had used antibiotics more than once (> 1) during the previous year. We found respondents who were less likely to take antibiotics (≤ 1) during the previous year were more likely to agree that antibiotic resistance was a serious public health issue compared to those that took antibiotic more than once during the previous year (p < 0.0001). A significantly greater number of patients (67.2%) who took antibiotics more than once during the previous year did not complete the full course than those who took antibiotics no more than once (55.9%) during the previous year (p < 0.01). We found the frequency of antibiotic use was related to knowledge about antibiotics among the study population. It is essential to develop educational interventions to correct the misuse and misunderstanding of antibiotics.
    Study site: general public in Kuantan (Pahang) and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  10. Ahmad R, Ismail A, Saat Z, Lim LH
    PMID: 9322296
    Mosquito adults and larvae were collected from dengue high risk areas and transported to the laboratory for identification. Identified mosquitos were pooled according to the species, date and locality and stored at -70 degrees C. A total of 1,385 pools of Aedes albopictus and 267 pools of Ae. Aegypti were collected from major towns in 12 states in Peninsular Malaysia. Virus isolation was carried out using cell culture (C6/36 clone) of Ae. albopictus and detection of dengue virus by the peroxidase anti-peroxidase staining. All positive isolations were further re-confirmed by the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Most of the pools were negative with PAP staining and RT-PCR. However, 11 mosquito pools were positive with PAP staining. On the other hand, samples from Terengganu, Pulau Pinang and Johor were positive using both methods.
  11. Isahak I, Mahayiddin AA, Ismail R
    PMID: 18041300
    The aims of the study were to determine the attack rate of influenza-like illness among inhabitants of five old folk homes nationwide using influenza vaccine as a probe and the effectiveness of influenza vaccination in prevention of influenza-like illness. We conducted a nonrandomized, single-blind placebo control study from June 2003 to February 2004. VAXIGRIP(R) 2003 Southern hemisphere formulation was used. Among 527 subjects, the attack rates of influenza-like illness in the influenza vaccine group were 6.4, 4.6 and 2.4% during the first, second and third 2-month periods, respectively. The attack rates of influenza-like illness in the placebo group were 17.7, 13.8 and 10.1%. Influenza vaccination reduced the risk of contracting influenza-like illness by between 14, and 45%. The vaccine effectiveness in reducing the occurrence of influenza-like illness ranged from 55 to 76%, during the 6-month study followup. The presence of cerebrovascular diseases significantly increased the risk of influenza-like illness (p < 0.005). Vaccine recipients had fewer episodes of fever, cough, muscle aches, runny nose (p < 0.001) and experience fewer sick days due to respiratory illness. Subjects who received influenza vaccination had clinically and statistically significant reductions in the attack rate of influenza-like illness. Our data support influenza vaccination of persons with chronic diseases and >50 year olds living in institutions.
  12. Ewuzie RN, Genza JR, Abdullah AZ
    PMID: 39080163 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-34504-2
    Lignin, a vital renewable biopolymer, serves as the Earth's primary source of aromatics and carbon. Its depolymerization presents significant potential for producing phenolic fine chemicals. This study assesses promoted Ni-based bimetallic catalysts (Ni-Co/C and Ni-Cu/C) supported on activated carbon in isopropanol for lignin depolymerization, compared to monometallic counterparts. BET, SEM, EDX, and XPS analyses highlight their physicochemical properties and promotional effects, enhancing hydrogenolysis activity and hydrogen transformation. Reaction parameter exploration elucidates the influence on lignin depolymerization, with cobalt and copper as promoters notably increasing conversion and monomer yield. Ni-Co/C exhibits the highest lignin conversion (94.2%) and maximum monomer yield (53.1 wt%) under specified conditions, with lower activation energy (36.1 kJ/mol) and higher turnover frequency (31.6 h-1) compared to Ni/C. FT-IR, GPC, GC-FID, and GC-MS analyses confirm effective depolymerization, identifying 20 monomer products. Proposed reaction mechanisms underscore the potential of Ni-based bimetallic catalysts for lignin valorization, offering insights into developing efficient catalytic systems for lignin hydrogenolysis. This research enhances understanding and facilitates the development of selective catalytic processes for lignin valorization.
  13. Adeel A, Kee DMH, Qasim Daghriri Y
    Front Public Health, 2022;10:965278.
    PMID: 36339231 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.965278
    PURPOSE: We seek to understand whether relationship conflicts of co-workers affect the validation of creative ideas or not. Furthermore, what boundary conditions may help prevent potential drawbacks of relationship conflicts with co-workers to validate their creative ideas?

    DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: The proposed model was tested by using multisource data collected across two points in time from final year nursing students and medical dispensers of five nursing colleges of south-Punjab, Pakistan. The model was analyzed with Mplus for random coefficient models for direct effects, mediated moderation, and UCINET for central tendency of creative idea validation.

    FINDINGS: It was found that relationship conflicts with co-workers were negatively related to their validation of creative ideas. However, supervisory support and team affective tone independently attenuate the negative effects of relationship conflicts with co-workers and the validation of creative ideas. Positive affective tone emerged as a positive predictor of creative idea validation. Additionally, positive affective tone as affected by supervisory support attenuated the negative relationship between relationship conflicts with co-workers and their validation of creative ideas. Finally, the relationship between relationship conflicts with co-workers and their validation of creative ideas is more positive when both supervisory support and positive affective tone are high, however, low otherwise.

    PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: This study will help policymakers understand what might be hindering the transfer of creative ideas to influential others (Leaders, Managers, etc.) and what they need to do to enhance the creative pool of their organizations. Although developing an environment that fosters creativity is important for the organizations, developing strategies to manage relationship conflicts related to supervisory support and positive affective tone will help transfer creative ideas to higher offices even when there are dysfunctional conflicts.

    ORIGINALITY/VALUE: This research shifts the conventional focus of understanding creativity from the generating side by explaining challenges that creative individuals face in promoting creative ideas with more criticism and offense by coworkers than support. Also, the interplay between the relationship conflicts with co-workers and team affective tone affected by supervisory support for validation of creative ideas enhanced our understanding of the boundary conditions of relationship conflict and creative idea validation.

  14. Alabsi BA, Anbar M, Rihan SDA
    Sensors (Basel), 2023 Jul 19;23(14).
    PMID: 37514801 DOI: 10.3390/s23146507
    The Internet of Things (IoT) has brought significant advancements that have connected our world more closely than ever before. However, the growing number of connected devices has also increased the vulnerability of IoT networks to several types of attacks. In this paper, we present an approach for detecting attacks on IoT networks using a combination of two convolutional neural networks (CNN-CNN). The first CNN model is leveraged to select the significant features that contribute to IoT attack detection from the raw data on network traffic. The second CNN utilizes the features identified by the first CNN to build a robust detection model that accurately detects IoT attacks. The proposed approach is evaluated using the BoT IoT 2020 dataset. The results reveal that the proposed approach achieves 98.04% detection accuracy, 98.09% precision, 99.85% recall, 98.96% recall, and a 1.93% false positive rate (FPR). Furthermore, the proposed approach is compared with other deep learning algorithms and feature selection methods; the results show that it outperforms these algorithms.
  15. Yossa R, Fatan NA, Palanivelu K
    Heliyon, 2023 Mar;9(3):e14376.
    PMID: 36938456 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14376
    It has been shown with terrestrial animals that the genetic improvement increases the nutrient requirements of the animal, which becomes more efficient in using these nutrients to achieve their higher growth potential. This study was conducted to estimate the dietary methionine requirements of different generations of the Genetically Improved Farmed Tilapia (GIFT) strain of Nile tilapia at the juvenile stage (17.51 g-19.55 g initial body weight). To achieve this objective, a completely randomized 2 × 6 factorial design was applied, with the genetic background of fish (generation) as the first independent variable with two levels, the 16th and 17th generations, and the methionine content of the diet as the second independent variable, with 6 graded levels, 0.52, 0.62, 0.84, 0.94, 1.04 and 1.27% of methionine in the diets, respectively. At the end of the 42-day experiment, the interaction effect of the generation × diet was not significant (P > 0.05) for any of the response parameters studied. The genetic improvement led to 15% more growth in the 17th generation than the 16th generation of the GIFT strain of Nile tilapia, which was accompanied with better feed conversion ratio, protein productive value, and energy productive value in the former generation (P 
  16. Tan JW, Israf DA, Tham CL
    Front Pharmacol, 2018;9:652.
    PMID: 29973880 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00652
    Zingiber zerumbet (L) Smith is part of the Zingiberaceae family, one of the largest families of the plant kingdom. Z. zerumbet is a perennial, aromatic and tuberose plant that grows in humid locations where its center of distribution is located in the South-East Asia region. This plant has been traditionally used in foods and beverages and for ornamental purposes. Although many studies have reported on the biomedical applications of Z. zerumbet, the anti-allergic effects of Z. zerumbet and its major bioactive compounds have not yet been summarized in detail. Many major metabolites that have been reported to contain anti-allergic properties are terpene compounds which can be found in the essential oil extracted from the rhizomes of Z. zerumbet, such as zerumbone, limonene, and humulene. The rhizome is among the part of Z. zerumbet that has been widely used for many studies due to its exceptional biomedical applications. Most of these studies have shown that the essential oil, which can be obtained through hydro-distillation of the rhizomes from Z. zerumbet, is enriched with various active metabolites. Therefore, this mini-review provides an overview of the main aspects related to the anti-allergic and immunomodulatory properties of the major bioactive compounds found in the essential oils extracted from the rhizomes of Z. zerumbet, with the aim of demonstrating the importance of essential oil extracted from the rhizomes of Z. zerumbet and its bioactive compounds in the treatment of allergy and allergy-related diseases, in addition to other widely reported and extensively studied biomedical applications.
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