MyMedR

Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 49 in total

Abstract:

Sort:

Facile synthesis of xanthan biopolymer integrated 3D hierarchical graphene oxide/titanium dioxide composite for adsorptive lead removal in wastewater

Lai KC, Lee LY, Hiew BYZ, Thangalazhy-Gopakumar S, Gan S

Bioresour Technol, 2020 Aug;309:123296.
PMID: 32330800 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2020.123296

Xanthan integrated graphene oxide functionalized by titanium dioxide was successfully prepared through facile, eco-friendly and cost effective ice-templating technique. The three-dimensional (3D) graphene composite demonstrated relatively high temperature stability, chemical functionalities and porous sponge-like structure. The adsorption of lead was favored by high initial concentration and shaking speed at the operational solution pH. The process equilibrium and kinetic adhered to the Langmuir and pseudo-second-order correlations, respectively. The biomass integrated graphene composite showed maximum adsorption capacities ranging from 132.18 to 199.22 mg/g for 30-70 °C. Moreover, it was highly regenerable under mild conditions (0.1 M hydrochloric acid, 30 °C) and used repeatedly while retaining 84.78% of its initial adsorption capacity at the fifth adsorption-regeneration cycle. With comparatively high lead adsorption capacities, adequate recyclability and environmentally friendliness, the as-prepared 3D graphene composite has high application potential in heavy metal-wastewater separation for protection of the environment and human health.

Matched MeSH terms: Polysaccharides, Bacterial
Application of PCR-based serogrouping of selected Salmonella serotypes in Malaysia

Lim BK, Thong KL

J Infect Dev Ctries, 2009 Jul 01;3(6):420-8.
PMID: 19762954

BACKGROUND: Differentiation of Salmonella enterica into its serogroups is important for epidemiological study. The objective of the study was to apply a multiplex PCR targeting serogroups A, B, C1, D, E and Vi-positive strains of Salmonella enterica commonly found in Malaysia. A separate H-typing multiplex PCR which identified flagellar antigen "a", "b" or "d" was also optimized to confirm clinical serotypes, S. Paratyphi A and S. Typhi.
METHODOLOGY: Sixty-seven laboratory Salmonella enterica strains were tested. Six sets of primers targeting defined regions of the O antigen synthesis genes (rfb gene cluster) and Vi antigen gene (viaB) were selected and combined into a multiplex PCR for O-grouping. Four primers (H-for, Ha-rev, Hb-rev and Hd-rev) were used in the second step multiplex PCR for H-typing. The optimized mPCR assays were further evaluated with 58 blind-coded Salmonella strains.
RESULTS: The multiplex PCR results obtained showed 100% concordance to the conventionally typed serogroups. Validation with 58 blind coded Salmonella strains yield 100% accuracy and specificity.
CONCLUSION: Based on this study, PCR serogrouping proved to be a rapid, alternative method for further differentiation of Salmonella enterica.

Matched MeSH terms: Polysaccharides, Bacterial/genetics
Fulltext A randomised trial to evaluate the immunogenicity, reactogenicity, and safety of the 10-valent pneumococcal non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae protein D conjugate vaccine (PHiD-CV) co-administered with routine childhood vaccines in Singapore and Malaysia

Lim FS, Koh MT, Tan KK, Chan PC, Chong CY, Shung Yehudi YW, et al.

BMC Infect Dis, 2014;14:530.
PMID: 25278086 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-14-530

BACKGROUND: The immunogenicity, reactogenicity, and safety of the 10-valent pneumococcal non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae protein D conjugate vaccine (PHiD-CV) co-administered with routine childhood vaccines were evaluated among infants from Singapore and Malaysia, where PHiD-CV has been licensed.
METHODS: In the primary vaccination phase, 298 infants from Singapore and 168 infants from Malaysia were randomised to receive the Phase III Clinical (Clin) or the Commercial (Com) lot of PHiD-CV at 2, 3, and 5 months of age. In the booster vaccination phase, 238 toddlers from Singapore received one dose of the PHiD-CV Commercial lot at 18-21 months of age. Immune responses to pneumococcal polysaccharides were measured using 22F-inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and functional opsonophagocytic activity (OPA) assay and to protein D, using ELISA.
RESULTS: Immune responses induced by primary vaccination with the PHiD-CV Commercial lot were non-inferior to the Phase III Clinical lot in terms of adjusted antibody geometric mean concentration (GMC) ratios for each vaccine pneumococcal serotype and protein D. For each vaccine pneumococcal serotype, ≥93.6% and ≥88.5% of infants from Malaysia and Singapore had post-primary vaccination antibody concentrations ≥0.2 μg/mL and OPA titres ≥8, in the Clin and Com groups, respectively. For each vaccine pneumococcal serotype, ≥60.8% and ≥98.2% of toddlers from Singapore had pre- and post-booster antibody concentrations ≥0.2 μg/mL, in the Clin and Com groups, respectively. All children, except one, had measurable anti-protein D antibodies and the primary and booster doses of the co-administered vaccines were immunogenic. The incidence of each grade 3 solicited symptom was ≤11.1% in both study phases. No serious adverse events considered causally related to vaccination were reported throughout the study.
CONCLUSIONS: PHiD-CV given as three-dose primary vaccination to infants in Singapore and Malaysia and booster vaccination to toddlers in Singapore was shown to be immunogenic with a clinically acceptable-safety profile.This study has been registered at http://www.clinicaltrials.govNCT00808444 and NCT01119625.

Matched MeSH terms: Polysaccharides, Bacterial/immunology
Fulltext Depolymerisation of the Klebsiella pneumoniae Capsular Polysaccharide K21 by Klebsiella Phage K5

Lukianova AA, Shneider MM, Evseev PV, Egorov MV, Kasimova AA, Shpirt AM, et al.

Int J Mol Sci, 2023 Dec 09;24(24).
PMID: 38139119 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417288

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a pathogen associated with various infection types, which often exhibits multiple antibiotic resistance. Phages, or bacterial viruses, have an ability to specifically target and destroy K. pneumoniae, offering a potential means of combatting multidrug-resistant infections. Phage enzymes are another promising therapeutic agent that can break down bacterial capsular polysaccharide, which shields K. pneumoniae from the immune response and external factors. In this study, Klebsiella phage K5 was isolated; this phage is active against Klebsiella pneumoniae with the capsular type K21. It was demonstrated that the phage can effectively lyse the host culture. The adsorption apparatus of the phage has revealed two receptor-binding proteins (RBPs) with predicted polysaccharide depolymerising activity. A recombinant form of both RBPs was obtained and experiments showed that one of them depolymerised the capsular polysaccharide K21. The structure of this polysaccharide and its degradation fragments were analysed. The second receptor-binding protein showed no activity on capsular polysaccharide of any of the 31 capsule types tested, so the substrate for this enzyme remains to be determined in the future. Klebsiella phage K5 may be considered a useful agent against Klebsiella infections.

Matched MeSH terms: Polysaccharides, Bacterial/metabolism
Fulltext Enhancement of oxygen mass transfer and gas holdup using palm oil in stirred tank bioreactors with xanthan solutions as simulated viscous fermentation broths

Mohd Sauid S, Krishnan J, Huey Ling T, Veluri MV

Biomed Res Int, 2013;2013:409675.
PMID: 24350269 DOI: 10.1155/2013/409675

Volumetric mass transfer coefficient (kLa) is an important parameter in bioreactors handling viscous fermentations such as xanthan gum production, as it affects the reactor performance and productivity. Published literatures showed that adding an organic phase such as hydrocarbons or vegetable oil could increase the kLa. The present study opted for palm oil as the organic phase as it is plentiful in Malaysia. Experiments were carried out to study the effect of viscosity, gas holdup, and kLa on the xanthan solution with different palm oil fractions by varying the agitation rate and aeration rate in a 5 L bench-top bioreactor fitted with twin Rushton turbines. Results showed that 10% (v/v) of palm oil raised the kLa of xanthan solution by 1.5 to 3 folds with the highest kLa value of 84.44 h(-1). It was also found that palm oil increased the gas holdup and viscosity of the xanthan solution. The kLa values obtained as a function of power input, superficial gas velocity, and palm oil fraction were validated by two different empirical equations. Similarly, the gas holdup obtained as a function of power input and superficial gas velocity was validated by another empirical equation. All correlations were found to fit well with higher determination coefficients.

Matched MeSH terms: Polysaccharides, Bacterial/metabolism*
Carboxymethyl cellulose wafers containing antimicrobials: a modern drug delivery system for wound infections

Ng SF, Jumaat N

Eur J Pharm Sci, 2014 Jan 23;51:173-9.
PMID: 24076463 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2013.09.015

Lyophilised wafers have been shown to have potential as a modern dressing for mucosal wound healing. The wafer absorbs wound exudates and transforms into a gel, thus providing a moist environment which is essential for wound healing. The objective of this study was to develop a carboxymethyl cellulose wafer containing antimicrobials to promote wound healing and treat wound infection. The pre-formulation studies began with four polymers, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (NaCMC), methylcellulose (MC), sodium alginate and xanthan gum, but only NaCMC and MC were chosen for further investigation. The wafers were characterised by physical assessments, solvent loss, microscopic examination, swelling and hydration properties, drug content uniformity, drug release and efficacy of antimicrobials. Three of the antimicrobials, neomycin trisulphate salt hydrate, sulphacetamide sodium and silver nitrate, were selected as model drugs. Among the formulations, NaCMC wafer containing neomycin trisulphate exhibited the most desirable wound dressing characteristics (i.e., flexibility, sponginess, uniform wafer texture, high content drug uniformity) with the highest in vitro drug release and the greatest inhibition against both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. In conclusion, we successfully developed a NaCMC lyophilised wafer containing antimicrobials, and this formulation has potential for use in mucosal wounds infected with bacteria.

Matched MeSH terms: Polysaccharides, Bacterial/chemistry
Fulltext Effects of xanthan gum and HPMC on physicochemical and microstructure properties of sponge cakes during storage

Noorlaila A, Hasanah HN, Yusoff A, Sarijo SH, Asmeda R

J Food Sci Technol, 2017 Oct;54(11):3532-3542.
PMID: 29051648 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-017-2810-6

The effects of xanthan gum (XG) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) in sponge cakes were studied. Hydrocolloids enhanced the thickening effect in batter that affected the textural attributes of sponge cakes. During storage, the structural changes in XG-cake resulted in higher hardness compared to HPMC-cake. Similar to XG, HPMC also contributed moistness to cake. The moisture loss of cake containing XG was slower than HPMC-cake. FTIR study showed absorption of OH at region of 3600-2900 cm-1 that explained the strong interaction of water in cake containing XG compared to other cake formulations.

Matched MeSH terms: Polysaccharides, Bacterial
Fulltext Effects of repeated frying and hydrocolloids on the oil absorption and acceptability of banana (Musa acuminate) fritters

Norizzah, A.R., Junaida, A.R., Maryam ‘Afifah, A.L.

International Food Research Journal, 2016;23(2):694-699.
MyJurnal

The aim of this study was to determine the effects of xanthan gum and carrageenan on the
oil uptake and acceptability of banana (Musa acuminate) fritters during repeated deep fat
frying. Banana namely ‘Pisang Awak’ at maturity stage 6 were peeled, cut and dipped into 3
batter formulations containing 1% carrageenan, 1% xanthan gum and a control. The bananas
were deep fried at 170±5°C for 3 minutes in 2.5L cooking oil without oil replenishment for
3 consecutive days. The moisture, oil content, texture, colour and acceptability of the banana
fritters were evaluated at first and every 10th frying cycles. Results indicated that the oil and
moisture content of fried bananas were dependent on frying cycles. The oil content increased
while the moisture decreased with increased in frying cycles. There was significant reduction
(p0.05) in terms of overall acceptance between
treated and untreated. Hence, 1% xanthan gum was effective in reducing oil absorption of
banana fritters without affecting the overall sensory acceptability

Matched MeSH terms: Polysaccharides, Bacterial
Fulltext Comparison of safety and immunogenicity of a Vi polysaccharide typhoid vaccine with a whole-cell killed vaccine in Malaysian Air Force recruits

Panchanathan V, Kumar S, Yeap W, Devi S, Ismail R, Sarijan S, et al.

Bull World Health Organ, 2001;79(9):811-7.
PMID: 11584728

To carry out a comparative study of the safety and immunogenicity of Vi polysaccharide vaccine against whole-cell killed (WCK) typhoid vaccine.

Matched MeSH terms: Polysaccharides, Bacterial/adverse effects; Polysaccharides, Bacterial/immunology*
Typhoid fever--important issues still remain

Pang T, Levine MM, Ivanoff B, Wain J, Finlay BB

Trends Microbiol., 1998 Apr;6(4):131-3.
PMID: 9587187
Matched MeSH terms: Polysaccharides, Bacterial/immunology
Application of similarity factor in development of controlled-release diltiazem tablet

Peh KK, Wong CF

Drug Dev Ind Pharm, 2000 Jul;26(7):723-30.
PMID: 10872090

Controlled-release grade hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) or xanthan gum (XG) and microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) were employed to prepare controlled-release diltiazem hydrochloride tablets. The similarity factor f2 was used for dissolution profile comparison using Herbesser 90 SR as a reference product. Drug release could be sustained in a predictable manner by modifying the content of HPMC or XG. Moreover, the drug release profiles of tablets prepared using these matrix materials were not affected by pH and agitation rate. The f2 values showed that only one batch of tablets (of diltiazem HCl, HPMC or XG, and MCC in proportions of 3.0:3.0:4.0) was considered similar to that of the reference product, with values above 50. The unbiased similarity factor f2* values were not much different from the f2 values, ascribing to a small dissolution variance of the test and reference products. The amount of HPMC or XG incorporated to produce tablets with the desired dissolution profile could be determined from the curves of f2 versus polymer content. Hence, the f2 values can be applied as screening and optimization tools during development of controlled-release preparations.

Matched MeSH terms: Polysaccharides, Bacterial/chemistry
Stomach-site specific drug delivery system of clarithromycin for eradication of Helicobacter pylori

Rajinikanth PS, Mishra B

Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo), 2009 Oct;57(10):1068-75.
PMID: 19801860

Gellan gum based floating beads containing clarithromycin (FBC) were prepared by iontotropic gelation method for stomach-specific drug delivery against Helicobacter pylori. The scanning electron microscope photograph indicated that prepared beads were spherical in shape with rough outer surface. Formulation variables such as concentrations of gellan, calcium carbonate and drug loading influenced the in vitro drug release characteristics of prepared beads. In vitro release rate of clarithromycin was corrected using first order degradation rate constant which is degraded significantly during the release study in simulated gastric fluid pH 2.0. Further, the absence of interactions between drug and polymer was confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry analysis. Kinetic treatment of the in vitro drug release data with different kinetic equations revealed matrix diffusion mechanism. Prepared beads showed good anti-microbial activity against isolated H. pylori strain. The prepared beads have shown good in vivo floating efficiency in rabbit stomach. The stability studies of beads did not show any significant changes after storage of beads at 40 degrees C/75% relative humidity for 6 months. The preliminary results from this study suggest that floating beads of gellan can be used to incorporate antibiotics like clarithromycin and may be effective when administered locally in the stomach against H. pylori.

Matched MeSH terms: Polysaccharides, Bacterial/pharmacology; Polysaccharides, Bacterial/chemistry
Fulltext Physical, mechanical, chemical and biological properties data of gellan gum incorporating titanium dioxide nanoparticles biofilm

Razali MH, Ismail NA, Amin KAM

Data Brief, 2020 Jun;30:105478.
PMID: 32346560 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.105478

Gellan gum incorporating titanium dioxide nanoparticles biofilm was synthesized and characterized using UV, FTIR and XRD to study their physical and chemical properties. The mechanical properties were measured using universal mechanical testing. Meanwhile, the biological properties were investigated towards for antibacterial and cell proliferation. This comprehensive data are relevant with the research article entitled "Gellan gum incorporating titanium dioxide nanoparticles biofilm as wound dressing: Physicochemical, mechanical, antibacterial properties and wound healing studies" [1].

Matched MeSH terms: Polysaccharides, Bacterial
Fulltext Mechanical and physical properties of gellan gum (GG) biofilm: effect of glycerol

Razali, M.H., Ismail, N.A., Osman, U.M., Amin, K.A.M.

ASM Science Journal, 2018;11(101):158-165.
MyJurnal

The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of glycerol concentration on mechanical
and physical properties of gellan gum (GG) biofilm. The biofilm was prepared using solvent
casting method and the effective glycerol concentration was found to be within 30-50%
w/w (based on GG weight). At 60 and 70 w/w% of glycerol, the films started to distort
because the films was flexible and brittle. As glycerol concentration was increased the tensile
strength (TS) and Youngs modulus (E) of films decreased. Somehow, elongation at break
(EAB), water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) and swelling of films was increased. Glycerol
plasticized GG biofilm was thermally stable and flexible, proposed its can be exploited as
film-forming material and with optimized glycerol concentration it has good mechanical and
physical properties for edible biofilm.

Matched MeSH terms: Polysaccharides, Bacterial
Fulltext Hydrogel polysaccharides of tamarind and xanthan to formulate hydrodynamically balanced matrix tablets of famotidine

Razavi M, Nyamathulla S, Karimian H, Moghadamtousi SZ, Noordin MI

Molecules, 2014;19(9):13909-31.
PMID: 25197930 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190913909

The gastroretentive dosage form of famotidine was modified using tamarind seed powders to prolong the gastric retention time. Tamarind seeds were used in two different forms having different swelling and gelling properties: with husk (TSP) or without husk (TKP). TKP (TKP1 to TKP 6) and TSP (TSP1 to TSP 6) series were prepared using tamarind powder:xanthan in the ratios of 5:0, 4:1, 3:2, 2:3, 1:4, 0:5, respectively. The matrix tablets were prepared by the wet granulation method and evaluated for pharmacopoeial requirements. TKP2 was the optimum formulation as it had a short floating lag time (FLT<30 s) and more than 98.5% drug release in 12 h. The dissolution data were fitted to popular mathematical models to assess the mechanism of drug release, and the optimum formulation showed a predominant first order release and diffusion mechanism. It was concluded that the TKP2 prepared using tamarind kernel powder:xanthan (4:1) was the optimum formulation with shortest floating lag time and more than 90% release in the determined period of time.

Matched MeSH terms: Polysaccharides, Bacterial/chemistry*
Fulltext Gamma scintigraphic study of the hydrodynamically balanced matrix tablets of Metformin HCl in rabbits

Razavi M, Karimian H, Yeong CH, Sarji SA, Chung LY, Nyamathulla S, et al.

Drug Des Devel Ther, 2015;9:3125-39.
PMID: 26124637 DOI: 10.2147/DDDT.S82935

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo performance of gastro-retentive matrix tablets having Metformin HCl as model drug and combination of natural polymers. A total of 16 formulations were prepared by a wet granulation method using xanthan, tamarind seed powder, tamarind kernel powder and salep as the gel-forming agents and sodium bicarbonate as a gas-forming agent. All the formulations were evaluated for compendial and non-compendial tests and in vitro study was carried out on a USP-II dissolution apparatus at a paddle speed of 50 rpm. MOX2 formulation, composed of salep and xanthan in the ratio of 4:1 with 96.9% release, was considered as the optimum formulation with more than 90% release in 12 hours and short floating lag time. In vivo study was carried out using gamma scintigraphy in New Zealand White rabbits, optimized formulation was incorporated with 10 mg of (153)Sm for labeling MOX2 formulation. The radioactive samarium oxide was used as the marker to trace transit of the tablets in the gastrointestinal tract. The in vivo data also supported retention of MOX2 formulation in the gastric region for 12 hours and were different from the control formulation without a gas and gel forming agent. It was concluded that the prepared floating gastro-retentive matrix tablets had a sustained-release effect in vitro and in vivo, gamma scintigraphy played an important role in locating the oral transit and the drug-release pattern.

Matched MeSH terms: Polysaccharides, Bacterial/chemistry
Fulltext Genome-wide mapping of the RNA targets of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa riboregulatory protein RsmN

Romero M, Silistre H, Lovelock L, Wright VJ, Chan KG, Hong KW, et al.

Nucleic Acids Res, 2018 Jul 27;46(13):6823-6840.
PMID: 29718466 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gky324

Pseudomonads typically carry multiple non-identical alleles of the post-transcriptional regulator rsmA. In Pseudomonas aeruginosa, RsmN is notable in that its structural rearrangement confers distinct and overlapping functions with RsmA. However, little is known about the specificities of RsmN for its target RNAs and overall impact on the biology of this pathogen. We purified and mapped 503 transcripts directly bound by RsmN in P. aeruginosa. About 200 of the mRNAs identified encode proteins of demonstrated function including some determining acute and chronic virulence traits. For example, RsmN reduces biofilm development both directly and indirectly via multiple pathways, involving control of Pel exopolysaccharide biosynthesis and c-di-GMP levels. The RsmN targets identified are also shared with RsmA, although deletion of rsmN generally results in less pronounced phenotypes than those observed for ΔrsmA or ΔrsmArsmNind mutants, probably as a consequence of different binding affinities. Targets newly identified for the Rsm system include the small non-coding RNA CrcZ involved in carbon catabolite repression, for which differential binding of RsmN and RsmA to specific CrcZ regions is demonstrated. The results presented here provide new insights into the intricacy of riboregulatory networks involving multiple but distinct RsmA homologues.

Matched MeSH terms: Polysaccharides, Bacterial/biosynthesis
Fulltext Metabolic potential of the moderate halophile Yangia sp. ND199 for co-production of polyhydroxyalkanoates and exopolysaccharides

Romero Soto L, Thabet H, Maghembe R, Gameiro D, Van-Thuoc D, Dishisha T, et al.

Microbiologyopen, 2021 01;10(1):e1160.
PMID: 33650793 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1160

Yangia sp. ND199 is a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from mangrove samples in Northern Vietnam, which was earlier reported to grow on several sugars and glycerol to accumulate poly(hydroxyalkanoates) (PHA). In this study, the potential of the bacterium for co-production of exopolysaccharides (EPS) and PHA was investigated. Genome sequence analysis of the closely related Yangia sp. CCB-M3 isolated from mangroves in Malaysia revealed genes encoding enzymes participating in different EPS biosynthetic pathways. The effects of various cultivation parameters on the production of EPS and PHA were studied. The highest level of EPS (288 mg/L) was achieved using sucrose and yeast extract with 5% NaCl and 120 mM phosphate salts but with modest PHA accumulation (32% of cell dry weight, 1.3 g/L). Growth on fructose yielded the highest PHA concentration (85% of CDW, 3.3 g/L) at 90 mM phosphate and higher molecular weight EPS at 251 mg/L yield at 120 mM phosphate concentration. Analysis of EPS showed a predominance of glucose, followed by fructose and galactose, and minor amounts of acidic sugars.

Matched MeSH terms: Polysaccharides, Bacterial/biosynthesis*
Role of the cell envelope in the antibacterial activities of polymyxin B and polymyxin B nonapeptide against Escherichia coli

Sahalan AZ, Dixon RA

Int J Antimicrob Agents, 2008 Mar;31(3):224-7.
PMID: 18083010

The role of membrane permeabilisation and disruption in the mechanism of action of some polymyxin analogues against Gram-negative organisms is contentious. The effects of polymyxin B (PMB) and its analogue polymyxin B nonapeptide (PMBN) on Escherichia coli envelopes should correlate, but previous work by other workers suggests that PMBN has a different mode of action. This study has reassessed the biochemical techniques used previously and has shown that, in contrast to previous studies, PMBN (a well-characterised antibacterial synergist) readily releases periplasmic proteins and lipopolysaccharide from treated E. coli at subinhibitory concentrations in normal physiological buffer conditions. We conclude that, when tested with appropriate methodology, PMBN closely correlates with the early effects of PMB on the cell envelope of E. coli and this study shows that it is now consistent with the accepted interactions of membrane-active agents against Gram-negative cells.

Matched MeSH terms: Polysaccharides, Bacterial/metabolism
Efficient Prediction of In Vitro Piroxicam Release and Diffusion From Topical Films Based on Biopolymers Using Deep Learning Models and Generative Adversarial Networks

Salma H, Melha YM, Sonia L, Hamza H, Salim N

J Pharm Sci, 2021 06;110(6):2531-2543.
PMID: 33548245 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.01.032

The purpose of this study was to simultaneously predict the drug release and skin permeation of Piroxicam (PX) topical films based on Chitosan (CTS), Xanthan gum (XG) and its Carboxymethyl derivatives (CMXs) as matrix systems. These films were prepared by the solvent casting method, using Tween 80 (T80) as a permeation enhancer. All of the prepared films were assessed for their physicochemical parameters, their in vitro drug release and ex vivo skin permeation studies. Moreover, deep learning models and machine learning models were applied to predict the drug release and permeation rates. The results indicated that all of the films exhibited good consistency and physicochemical properties. Furthermore, it was noticed that when T80 was used in the optimal formulation (F8) based on CTS-CMX3, a satisfactory drug release pattern was found where 99.97% of PX was released and an amount of 1.18 mg/cm2 was permeated after 48 h. Moreover, Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) efficiently enhanced the performance of deep learning models and DNN was chosen as the best predictive approach with MSE values equal to 0.00098 and 0.00182 for the drug release and permeation kinetics, respectively. DNN precisely predicted PX dissolution profiles with f2 values equal to 99.99 for all the formulations.

Matched MeSH terms: Polysaccharides, Bacterial

Filters

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links