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Fulltext Postpartum depression symptoms in survey-based research: a structural equation analysis

Wan Mohamed Radzi CWJB, Salarzadeh Jenatabadi H, Samsudin N

BMC Public Health, 2021 01 27;21(1):27.
PMID: 33499833 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09999-2

BACKGROUND: Since the last decade, postpartum depression (PPD) has been recognized as a significant public health problem, and several factors have been linked to PPD. Mothers at risk are rarely undetected and underdiagnosed. Our study aims to determine the factors leading to symptoms of depression using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) analysis. In this research, we introduced a new framework for postpartum depression modeling for women.
METHODS: We structured the model of this research to take into consideration the Malaysian culture in particular. A total of 387 postpartum women have completed the questionnaire. The symptoms of postpartum depression were examined using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), and they act as a dependent variable in this research model.
RESULTS: Four hundred fifty mothers were invited to participate in this research. 86% of the total distributed questionnaire received feedback. The majority of 79.6% of respondents were having depression symptoms. The highest coefficients of factor loading analysis obtained in every latent variable indicator were income (β = 0.77), screen time (β = 0.83), chips (β = 0.85), and anxiety (β = 0.88). Lifestyle, unhealthy food, and BMI variables were directly affected by the dependent variable. Based on the output, respondents with a high level of depression symptoms tended to consume more unhealthy food and had a high level of body mass indexes (BMI). The highest significant impact on depression level among postpartum women was unhealthy food consumption. Based on our model, the findings indicated that 76% of the variances stemmed from a variety of factors: socio-demographics, lifestyle, healthy food, unhealthy food, and BMI. The strength of the exogenous and endogenous variables in this research framework is strong.
CONCLUSION: The prevalence of postpartum women with depression symptoms in this study is considerably high. It is, therefore, imperative that postpartum women seek medical help to prevent postpartum depressive symptoms from worsening.

Matched MeSH terms: Postpartum Period
Fulltext Analysis of the Psychometric Properties of the Malay Version of Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) Among Postpartum Women in Kedah, North West of Peninsular Malaysia

Wan Mahmud WM, Awang A, Herman I, Mohamed MN

Malays J Med Sci, 2004 Jul;11(2):19-25.
PMID: 22973123

Increased international collaboration in clinical trials has created a need for cross culturally valid instruments to assess the quality of life and behavioural disorders. Cross cultural studies of depressive symptomatology, in particular, must be preceded by an exhaustive study of the psychometric properties of the instruments to ensure the validity of the comparison. In this article, we examined the validity, reliability and factor structure of the Malay version of the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) among Malay postpartum women attending selected health centres in Kedah, North West of Peninsular Malaysia. Our findings indicated that the current version of the BDI-II is psychometrically strong and appropriate for use in assessing depressive symptomatology among this group of women.

Matched MeSH terms: Postpartum Period
Fulltext "Postpartum morbidity--what we can do"

Zainur RZ, Loh KY

Med J Malaysia, 2006 Dec;61(5):651-6.
PMID: 17623974

Postpartum is a crucial period for a mother. During this period a mother is going through the physiological process of uterine involution and at the same time adapting to her new role in the family. Many postpartum complications occur during this period. Among the important obstetric morbidities are postpartum hemorrhage, pregnancy related hypertension, pulmonary embolism and puerperal sepsis. Common surgical complications are wound breakdown, breast abscess and urinary fecal incontinence. Medical conditions such as anemia, headache, backache, constipation and sexual problems may also be present. Unrecognized postpartum disorders can lead to physical discomfort, psychological distress and a poor quality of life for the mothers. Providing quality postnatal care including earlier identification of the problems (correction) and proper intervention will help the mother to achieve full recovery and restore her functional status back to the pre-pregnancy state sooner.

Matched MeSH terms: Postpartum Period/physiology*; Postpartum Period/psychology
Marantodes pumilum (Blume) Kuntze (Kacip Fatimah) stimulates uterine contraction in rats in post-partum period

Wan Omar WFN, Giribabu N, Karim K, Salleh N

J Ethnopharmacol, 2019 Dec 05;245:112175.
PMID: 31442621 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112175

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Marantodes pumilum (Blume) Kuntze has traditionally been used to firm the uterus after delivery, however scientific evidences behind this claim is still lacking.
AIMS OF STUDY: To demonstrate Marantodes pumilum leaves aqueous extract (MPE) has an effect on uterine contraction after delivery and to elucidate the molecular mechanisms involved.
METHODS: Day-1 post-delivery female rats were given MPE (100, 250 and 500 mg/kg/day) orally for seven consecutive days. A day after the last treatment (day-8), rats were sacrificed and uteri were harvested and subjected for ex-vivo contraction study using organ bath followed by protein expression and distribution study by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry techniques, respectively. The proteins of interest include calmodulin-CaM, myosin light chain kinase-MLCK, sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA), G-protein α and β (Gα and Gβ), inositol-triphosphate 3-kinase (IP3K), oxytocin receptor-OTR, prostaglandin (PGF)2α receptor-PGFR, muscarinic receptor-MAChR and estrogen receptor (ER) isoforms α and β. Levels of estradiol and progesterone in serum were determined by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA).
RESULTS: Ex-vivo contraction study revealed the force of uterine contraction increased with increasing doses of MPE. In addition, expression of CaM, MLCK, SERCA, Gα, Gβ, IP3K, OTR, PGF2α, MAChR, Erα and ERβ in the uterus increased with increasing doses of MPE. Serum analysis indicate that estradiol levels decreased while progesterone levels remained low at day-8 post-partum in rats receiving 250 and 500 mg/kg/day MPE.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings support the claims that MPE help to firm the uterus and pave the way for its use as a uterotonic agent after delivery.

Matched MeSH terms: Postpartum Period/blood; Postpartum Period/physiology
Changes in skeletal muscle thickness and echogenicity and plasma creatinine concentration as indicators of protein and intramuscular fat mobilization in periparturient dairy cows

Megahed AA, Hiew MWH, Ragland D, Constable PD

J Dairy Sci, 2019 Jun;102(6):5550-5565.
PMID: 30954258 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15063

High-producing dairy cows experience a state of negative energy balance in the periparturient period that is partially addressed by increasing the rate of fat and protein mobilization. Previous studies have focused on the rate of fat mobilization, and consequently the rate of protein mobilization has not been well characterized. The objective of this study was therefore to determine the change in indicators of muscle mass during early lactation using ultrasonographic measurement of muscle thickness and changes in plasma creatinine concentration. The maximum thickness of the gluteus medius and longissimus dorsi muscles of 106 Holstein cows (34 primiparous, 72 multiparous) was determined ultrasonographically on d -3, 0, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 relative to the day of parturition. Plasma creatinine concentration was measured periodically during the same period. Mixed models analysis and Passing-Bablok regression were used to analyze the data. Gluteus medius thickness, longissimus dorsi loin thickness (LDLT), and longissimus dorsi thoracic thickness (LDTT) were decreased at 28 d postpartum compared with d 3 antepartum. Plasma creatinine concentration was weakly associated with gluteus medius thickness, LDLT, and LDTT (Spearman's rho = 0.31, 0.39, and 0.32, respectively). Plasma creatinine concentration in primiparous and multiparous cows at 28 d postpartum decreased by 0.24 and 0.30 mg/dL, respectively, compared with values 3 d antepartum. We concluded that ultrasonographic measurement of LDLT and LDTT and change in plasma creatinine concentration may provide practical methods for monitoring the rate of protein mobilization in periparturient dairy cows. Ultrasonographic examination of LDLT and LDTT therefore complements ultrasonographic measurement of backfat thickness and may be useful in the evaluation of energy reserve mobilization in periparturient dairy cows.

Matched MeSH terms: Postpartum Period/blood; Postpartum Period/physiology
Rare postpartum ruptured degenerated fibroid: a case report

Tan YL, Naidu A

J Obstet Gynaecol Res, 2014 May;40(5):1423-5.
PMID: 24689652 DOI: 10.1111/jog.12334

Spontaneous rupture of uterine fibroid is rarely encountered. We present a case of a 31-year-old who presented with acute abdominal pain at 9 weeks postpartum. On examination, the abdomen had diffuse tenderness, with rebound tenderness in the suprapubic area and in both iliac fossae. On ultrasonography, a 12.7 × 8.6 × 8.9-cm sized hyperechoic mass was visible on the posterior wall of the uterus. A large amount of fluid was visible in the paracolic gutters and the Pouch of Douglas (POD). The patient underwent an exploratory laparotomy. A ruptured, cystic degenerated uterine fibroid with active bleeding was found, as well as approximately half a liter of free, bloodstained peritoneal fluid and pus. Myomectomy was performed, followed by evacuation of the fluid and clots. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful. In conclusion, preoperative diagnosis of a perforated, uterine fibroid with spontaneous intra-abdominal hemorrhage is difficult; exploratory laparotomy is both diagnostic and therapeutic in this rare, life-threatening condition.

Matched MeSH terms: Postpartum Period
Fulltext Postpartum mental health in relation to sociocultural practices

Abdollahi F, Etemadinezhad S, Lye MS

Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol, 2016 Feb;55(1):76-80.
PMID: 26927254 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2015.12.008

OBJECTIVES: Cultural practices have been found to positively impact the mothering experience. This study sought to identify the relationship between sociocultural practices and postpartum depression (PPD) in a cohort of Iranian women for the first time.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a longitudinal cohort design, 2279 pregnant women attending primary health centers of Mazandaran province in Iran were recruited using stratified random sampling method. Data were collected using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale and researchers developed validated cultural practices questionnaire at 3 months after delivery. Data were analyzed using Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression models.
RESULTS: The prevalence of PPD was 19% among 1910 women who were followed postdelivery in this study. Cultural practices were not associated with lower odds of PPD in multiple logistic regression model after adjustment for all sociodemographic factors. The results of this study do not also provide any evidence to support that sex of baby is associated with the greater risk of PPD.
CONCLUSIONS: Cultural practices could not be perceived as protective mechanisms that protect women from PPD in this traditional society. However, health professionals should be familiar with postpartum beliefs and practices that could support mothers in the postpartum period.
KEYWORDS: culture; depression; postpartum; practices

Matched MeSH terms: Postpartum Period
Fulltext Serum prolactin levels during pregnancy, intrapartum and postpartum periods in Malay women

Rajikin MH, Abdullah R, Arshat H, Satgunasingam N

Med J Malaysia, 1982 Mar;37(1):72-5.
PMID: 6981751

Serum human prolactin (hPRL) levels in Malay women during pregnancy, intrapartum and immediately postpartum have been invest£gated by means of a double-antibody radioimmunoassay technique. There was a progressioe rise of serum prolactin concentration from 31.9 ± 10.4 ng/ml in the first trimester to 242.0 ± 24.6 ng/ml at 36 weeks pregnancy unth. the mean values during the second and third trimester of 118.9 ± 12.7 ng/ml and 214.7 ± 10.3 ng/ml respectively. During intrapartum the concentration of hPRL was 191.9 ± 26.9 ng/ml and ithat of immediately postpartum was 178.3 ± 14.5 ng/ml. Suckling of the breast within 6 hours postpartum has resulted in a minor elevation of prolactin level, and this could have been due to the greater basal prolactin level, and/or the ineffectiveness of suckling as a potent stimulus during this period.

Matched MeSH terms: Postpartum Period
Malay customs in relation to childbirth

Kuah KB

Med J Malaya, 1972 Dec;27(2):81-4.
PMID: 4268044
Matched MeSH terms: Postpartum Period
Fulltext Reliability and validity of the malay version of Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) when administered to postpartum mothers at two points in time

Nursazila Asikin MA, Siti Norhani S, Nur Arzuar AR, Azam OE

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2019;18:65-72.

Introduction: Edinburgh Postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) is a tool used to assess the risk of postpartum depression (PPD). In this study we determined the reliability and validity of the Malay version of EPDS when administered at two different time points in the postpartum period.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study design was carried out between May and September 2017 at three government primary healthcare clinics located in Batang Padang district, a suburban area of Perak state in Peninsular Malaysia. We recruited a total of 89 women; 41 women were in the early postpartum period (1-30 days) and 48 women were in the late postpartum period (31-120 days). Cronbach's alpha coefficient, inter-item correlation, and corrected item-total correlation were used to assess the internal consistency. The concurrent validity was assessed using Spearman's correlation. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20 and R 3.4.2.
Results: The Cronbach's alpha for the first and second group was 0.78 and 0.62, respectively, which indicated satisfactory reliability. At both time periods, removing Item 2 from the scale resulted in a significant increase in Cronbach's alpha (to 0.847 and 0.709, respectively). As expected, the EPDS scores correlated moderately with the BDI-II scores (1-30 days: Spearman's rho = 0.65, p < 0.01; 31-120 days: Spearman's rho = 0.73, p < 0.01).
Conclusion: The Malay version of the EPDS is a reliable screening instrument for detecting postpartum depression. It showed reasonability and feasibility and can be used in postpartum clinical settings or for assessing intervention effects in research studies. Furthermore, as our results indicated, removing Item 2 from the Malay version would increase the internal consistency of the EPDS. © 2019 Default.
Study site: Klinik Kesihatan, Perak, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Postpartum Period
Early screening of baby blues based on Android applications: First-week postpartum

Sarli D, Gunawan I, Novinaldi, Poddar S

Enferm Clin, 2020 06;30 Suppl 5:129-132.
PMID: 32713551 DOI: 10.1016/j.enfcli.2019.11.038

Postpartum depression (PPD) is quite large, where there are 1 in 25 postpartum women experiencing PPD who still report symptoms of PPD after six months. The highest risk of experiencing PPD is more experienced by primiparas detected in 10-19 postpartum days. For PPD to not adversely affect the mother and baby, initial screening is needed to prevent the occurrence of PPD by using an Android-based EPDS application. The research objectives are an early screening of baby blues based on Android application and to determine the factors influence of baby blues. Participants download EPDS apps to make it easier for participants to screen the baby blues at the beginning of the first week after giving birth. On fourth week, the mothers refill EPDS apps screening to compare the results of screening the first week with fourth week using the Dependent T-test. In this study also analyzed the factors that influence the baby blues such as education, employment, parity, and age using the ANOVA Test. The study sample was the first-week postpartum mothers with a total sample of 64 people. The average EPDS screening results in the first week were 6.64, with a standard deviation of 2.57. The screening results on fourth week are 6.70, with a standard deviation of 2.53. The results of statistical tests obtained p-value 0.208; it can conclude that there was no difference in the results of screening tests in the first week with the fourth week. PPD events occur mostly in primiparas and women aged <20 years with p-value 0.001, while in education p-value 0.596 and employment-value 0.784. It recommended for pregnant women and health workers to do screening in the first week of postpartum so that it can detect PPD early.

Matched MeSH terms: Postpartum Period
Fulltext Cytological endometritis and its agreement with ultrasound examination in postpartum beef cows

Salah N, Yimer N

Vet World, 2017 Jun;10(6):605-609.
PMID: 28717310 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.605-609

BACKGROUND: Endometritis, which is one of the most common diseases in dairy cows postpartum, causes severe economic losses, including increased open days, calving intervals, and numbers of services to achieve conception.
AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the ultrasound method and its agreement with the endometrium cytology method, which is used to diagnose cytological endometritis in beef cows. Moreover, we determined which method has higher sensitivity and specificity at 4 and 5 weeks postpartum.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study was conducted 20-35 days postpartum. A total of 53 clinically healthy beef cows (28 Brangus and 25 Kedah-Kelantan breeds) from three beef farms were obtained. All cows were evaluated at 4 and 5 weeks postpartum, using ultrasound and cytobrush endometrial examination methods to diagnose cytological endometritis.
RESULTS: Endometrial cytology result showed that 11.3% (6/53) and 9.4% (5/53) of the cows exhibited cytological endometritis 4 and 5 weeks postpartum, respectively. A weak-to-moderate agreement found between the diagnostic methods (k=0.29 - 0.50; p<0.01 and k=0.38 - 0.49) at 4 and 5 weeks postpartum respectively.
CONCLUSION: The percentage of beef cows that were positive to cytological endometritis was low (polymorphonuclear cells, ≥8%) at 4 and 5 weeks postpartum. Results showed that the ultrasound method is useful and practical for diagnosing endometritis 4 and 5 weeks postpartum. This method exhibited 60% sensitivity, 93.8% specificity, and a 0.50 kappa value, especially when presence of intrauterine fluids and measurement of cervix diameter used in combination.

Matched MeSH terms: Postpartum Period
Fulltext Factors affecting severity of neonatal jaundice in patients presenting from home

Pang MF, Ling SG

JUMMEC, 2000;5(1):24-27.

A descriptive study of full-term neonates with jaundice was carried out to determine factors affecting severity of neonatal jaundice for those infants presenting to the hospital from their homes. Severe jaundice (serum bilirubin >=250 µmol/l) was significantly more likely in infants whose mothers consumed traditional herbs during the postpartum period (p<0.001) and if the jaundice was first detected by the parents or relatives rather than by medical personnel (p<0.05). In addition, the interval between detection of jaundice and presentation to hospital was significantly longer in jaundice that was first detected by parents compared to those detected by medical personnel. In conclusion, factors affecting severity of neonatal jaundice for infants who present from home could be influenced by the socio-cultural practices of maternal postpartum use of herbs, the ability of parents to detect jaundice and the urgency of tlie parents in seeking medical treatment once the jaundice was detected. Further studies need to be done to explore the association of these factors with neonatal jaundice more specifically. KEYWORDS: Hyperbilirubinaemia, socio-cultural practices, herbs.
Study site: Paediatric Institute, Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Postpartum Period
Fulltext Determinants of early postpartum psychological reaction among mothers in Kuala Lumpur Hospital

Ramli M, Abdullah AAW, Saiful MIB, Fafiz MN, Fahmi AAZ

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2010;9(1):37-41.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Maternal psychological well-being determines early mother-infant relationship and babys health. Paying attention on this aspect is essential particularly in early postpartum period. This study aimed to determine early psychological reactions toward socioeconomic profi les, delivery methods and delivery outcomes among postpartum mothers in Kuala Lumpur Hospital. Materials and Methods: A total of 150 two week-postpartum mothers participated in this cross sectional study and their psychological perspective was measured by using the Depressive, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS). Results: 4%, 16% and 4.7% of respondents had significant depressive, anxiety and stress levels respectively. Conclusion: Socioeconomic variables such household income, level of education and presence of medical illness were statistically signifi cant to determine early postpartum psychological reactions but not the modes or outcomes of delivery.

Matched MeSH terms: Postpartum Period
Fulltext Comparing breastfeeding experiences between mothers spending the traditional Chinese confinement period in a confinement centre and those staying at home: a cohort study

Foong SC, Tan ML, Foong WC, Ho JJ, Rahim FF

Int Breastfeed J, 2021 01 06;16(1):4.
PMID: 33407645 DOI: 10.1186/s13006-020-00353-1

BACKGROUND: Ethnic Chinese mothers in Malaysia adhere to 30 days of traditional postpartum practices (the "confinement period") aimed at recuperation after delivery. Recently there has been an emergence of confinement centres (CCs) where mothers stay and receive traditional confinement care. Ethnic Chinese mothers have low breastfeeding rates. There are concerns that practices in CCs could contribute to this but no data exists. We described mothers' breastfeeding experiences at CCs and identified areas for potential improvement in breastfeeding support.
METHODS: Ethnic Chinese mothers intending to breastfeed their healthy infants were recruited post-delivery between August and October 2017 then, at 1 and 6 months, they were telephone interviewed about their experience. For every participant going to a CC after the birth, another mother going home ("home") for her confinement was recruited. Chi-square test was used to compare groups and multiple logistic regression was used to assess the effect of confinement place on exclusive breastfeeding.
RESULTS: Of 187 mothers, 88 (47%) went to CCs. Significantly more were primipara and fewer had previous breastfeeding experience. Response rates for the 1- and 6- month interviews were 88% (CC) versus 97% (home); and 77% (CC) versus 87% (home) respectively. Exclusive breastfeeding rates were similar between the groups: 62% (CC) versus 56% (home) at 1 month (p = 0.4); and 37% (CC) versus 42% (home) at 6 months (p = 0.5). Multiple logistic regression did not show that CCs were a factor affecting exclusive breastfeeding rates at 1 month, (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.7, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.9, 3.3), or 6 months (aOR 0.9, 95% CI 0.4, 1.7). However, significantly more CC participants only fed expressed breast milk. Despite 66% of CC participants reporting that their centre supported breastfeeding, only 6 (8%) CC participants compared to 66 (69%) of home participants roomed-in with their baby (p period, but there were gaps in how CCs supported breastfeeding. Targeted training to CC staff to support breastfeeding may result in better outcomes for mothers staying in CCs.

Matched MeSH terms: Postpartum Period
Adherence to the Mediterranean diet during pregnancy is associated with lower odds of excessive gestational weight gain and postpartum weight retention: results of the Mother-Infant Study Cohort

Radwan H, Hashim M, Hasan H, Abbas N, Obaid RRS, Al Ghazal H, et al.

Br J Nutr, 2022 Oct 14;128(7):1401-1412.
PMID: 34294166 DOI: 10.1017/S0007114521002762

During the first 1000 d of life, gestational weight gain (GWG) and postpartum weight retention (PPWR) are considered critical determinants of nutritional status. This study examined the effect of adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD) during pregnancy on GWG and PPWR at 2 and 6 months among women in the United Arab Emirates (UAE), using data from the Mother-Infant Study Cohort. The latter is a prospective study, for which pregnant women were recruited (n 243) during their third trimester and were followed up for 18 months. Data on socio-demographic characteristics and anthropometric measurements were obtained. An eighty-six-item FFQ was used to examine dietary intake during pregnancy. Adherence to the MD was assessed using the alternate MD (aMED) and the Lebanese MD (LMD). Adherence to the MD, PPWR2 (2 months) and PPWR6 (6 months) were considered high if participants belonged to the third tertile of the respective measures. Results indicated that 57·5 % of participants had excessive GWG while 50·7 % and 45 % retained ≥ 5 kg at 2 and 6 months postpartum, respectively. After adjustment, adherence to both MD scores was associated with lower odds of excessive GWG (aMED, OR:0·41, 95 % CI:0·18, 0·93; LMD, OR:0·40, 95 % CI: 0·16, 0·98). Adherence to MD was also associated with PPWR2 (aMED: OR: 0·23, 95 % CI: 0·06, 0·88) and PPWR6 (aMED OR:0·26; 95 % CI:0·08-0·86; LMD, OR:0·32; 95 % CI: 0·1, 0·98). The findings of this study showed that adherence to the MD may reduce GWG and PPWR and, hence, underscored the importance of promoting the MD for better health of the mother and infant.

Matched MeSH terms: Postpartum Period
Fulltext Sexual dysfunction among six months postpartum women in north-eastern Malaysia

Ng YY, Muhamad R, Ahmad I

PLoS One, 2023;18(4):e0284014.
PMID: 37018316 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284014

Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) is a common problem among postpartum women. However, little is known about this topic in Malaysia. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of sexual dysfunction and its associated factors in postpartum women in Kelantan, Malaysia. In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 452 sexually active women at six months postpartum from four primary care clinics in Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia. The participants were asked to fill in questionnaires consisting of sociodemographic information and the Malay Version of the Female Sexual Function Index-6. The data were analyzed using bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. With a 95% response rate, the prevalence of sexual dysfunction among sexually active, six months postpartum women was 52.4% (n = 225). FSD was significantly associated with the older husband's age (p = 0.034) and lower frequency of sexual intercourse (p<0.001). Therefore, the prevalence of postpartum sexual dysfunction in women is relatively high in Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia. Efforts should be made to raise awareness among healthcare providers about screening for FSD in postpartum women and for their counseling and early treatment.

Matched MeSH terms: Postpartum Period
Fulltext Successful pregnancy "during" pedicled transverse rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap for breast reconstruction with normal vaginal delivery

Chai SC, Umayaal S, Saad AZ

Indian J Plast Surg, 2015 5 21;48(1):81-4.
PMID: 25991893 DOI: 10.4103/0970-0358.155276

A transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flap is a popular choice for breast reconstruction. Pregnancies in women following a TRAM flap present concerns regarding both safety and the integrity of the abdominal wall. We report a case of a patient who was pregnant during immediate breast reconstruction with pedicled TRAM flap and had a successful spontaneous vaginal delivery. We also conducted a literature review using PubMed on pregnancy post TRAM flap, type of reconstruction, timing of pregnancy after TRAM flap, complication, and mode of delivery, which are summarised in this report. We concluded that patients may have safe pregnancies and normal deliveries following TRAM flap breast reconstruction regardless of the time frame of pregnancy after the procedure. Therefore, TRAM flaps can continue to be a reconstruction option, even in women of childbearing age.

Matched MeSH terms: Postpartum Period
Fulltext Clinical effects of thai herbal compress: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Dhippayom T, Kongkaew C, Chaiyakunapruk N, Dilokthornsakul P, Sruamsiri R, Saokaew S, et al.

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2015;2015:942378.
PMID: 25861373 DOI: 10.1155/2015/942378

Objective. To determine the clinical effects of Thai herbal compress. Methods. International and Thai databases were searched from inception through September 2014. Comparative clinical studies investigating herbal compress for any indications were included. Outcomes of interest included level of pain, difficulties in performing activities, and time from delivery to milk secretion. Mean changes of the outcomes from baseline were compared between herbal compress and comparators by calculating mean difference. Results. A total of 13 studies which involved 778 patients were selected from 369 articles identified. The overall effects of Thai herbal compress on reducing osteoarthritis (OA) and muscle pain were not different from those of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, knee exercise, and hot compress. However, the reduction of OA pain in the herbal compress group tended to be higher than that of any comparators (weighted mean difference 0.419; 95% CI -0.004, 0.842) with moderate heterogeneity (I (2) = 58.3%, P = 0.048). When compared with usual care, herbal compress provided significantly less time from delivery to milk secretion in postpartum mothers (mean difference -394.425 minutes; 95% CI -620.084, -168.766). Conclusion. Thai herbal compress may be considered as an alternative for osteoarthritis and muscle pain and could also be used as a treatment of choice to induce lactation.

Matched MeSH terms: Postpartum Period
Fulltext Uterine arteriovenous malformation

Hashim H, Nawawi O

Malays J Med Sci, 2013 Mar;20(2):76-80.
PMID: 23983582 MyJurnal

Uterine arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is a rare condition, with fewer than 100 cases reported in the literature. Despite it being rare, it is a potentially life-threatening condition. This case report describes a 33-year-old woman who presented with secondary post-partum hemorrhage. Transabdominal ultrasound (US) of the pelvis showed increased vascularity with multidirectional flow of the uterus and a prominent vessel, located on the left lateral wall. She also had retained product of conception, which complicated the diagnosis. A uterine artery angiogram confirmed an AVM in the fundal region with an early draining vein. Embolisation of the AVM was performed successfully.

Matched MeSH terms: Postpartum Period

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