Displaying publications 381 - 400 of 799 in total

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  1. Overcoming Limitations of LoRa Physical Layer in Image Transmission
    Jebril AH, Sali A, Ismail A, Rasid MFA
    Sensors (Basel), 2018 Sep 27;18(10).
    PMID: 30262793 DOI: 10.3390/s18103257
    As a possible implementation of a low-power wide-area network (LPWAN), Long Range (LoRa) technology is considered to be the future wireless communication standard for the Internet of Things (IoT) as it offers competitive features, such as a long communication range, low cost, and reduced power consumption, which make it an optimum alternative to the current wireless sensor networks and conventional cellular technologies. However, the limited bandwidth available for physical layer modulation in LoRa makes it unsuitable for high bit rate data transfer from devices like image sensors. In this paper, we propose a new method for mangrove forest monitoring in Malaysia, wherein we transfer image sensor data over the LoRa physical layer (PHY) in a node-to-node network model. In implementing this method, we produce a novel scheme for overcoming the bandwidth limitation of LoRa. With this scheme the images, which requires high data rate to transfer, collected by the sensor are encrypted as hexadecimal data and then split into packets for transfer via the LoRa physical layer (PHY). To assess the quality of images transferred using this scheme, we measured the packet loss rate, peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR), and structural similarity (SSIM) index of each image. These measurements verify the proposed scheme for image transmission, and support the industrial and academic trend which promotes LoRa as the future solution for IoT infrastructure.
    Matched MeSH terms: Technology
  2. Fulltext Acceptance and use of lane change assistance system among early adopters in Malaysia
    Mohd Hafzi, M.I., Baba, M.D., Mohd Radzi, A.M., Zulhaidi, M.J., Khairil Anwar, A.K.
    Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2018;18(102):18-23.
    MyJurnal
    Lane Change Assistance (LCA) system in cars can potentially mitigate blind spot related crashes; but its effectiveness
    largely depends on driver acceptance and proper use. Although still in early stages, the volume of cars equipped with
    LCA system is expected torise in the near future as the technology has been considered in the New Car Assessment
    Program for Southeast Asian Countries (ASEAN NCAP) 2017 Rating Scheme. Therefore, this study is initiated to assess
    user acceptance of and experience with LCA-equipped cars. Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to
    owners of LCA-equipped cars at selected service centres in the Klang Valley from November 2016 to February 2017.
    From a total of 276 valid responses, results revealed that most owners greatly considered LCA system when
    purchasing their cars and agreed that the systems had positively altered their driving behaviours i.e. regularly using
    the turn signal and checking the side mirrors. Nevertheless, about 20% of the respondents stated theirannoyance and
    distraction by the LCA systems due to unnecessary warnings from various sources, aside from getting too many
    warnings during traffic congestion. The study findings provide some practical implications that can aid the industry
    and relevant stakeholders in gauging the issue and actual situations concerning the use of LCA system in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Technology
  3. Innovative dual storage heat tank combination solar thermal, air conditioners and heat pump of water heating systems
    Chen WL, Wong KL, Li YC
    Sains Malaysiana, 2015;44:1707-1714.
    Tropical or subtropical countries are very suitable for the development of solar and heat pump technology. This paper
    proposed the integration of air conditioners that exhaust heat with solar energy to enhance the overall efficiency of thermal
    energy conversion. The analysis of thermal storage tanks of different volumes showed that a two-ton air conditioner
    operating for an hour produced double energy than normal sunshine for a day. With thermal storage tanks of fixed
    volume, the integration of air conditioners of different tons with solar energy indicated that air conditioners of less tons
    produced faster and more efficient energy conversion. Therefore, this paper proposed that the modification of condenser
    in domestic air conditioner into water-cooled condenser not only enhance the energy efficiency of air conditioners but
    also increased hot water supplies since hot water from air conditioners could be integrated into solar water heaters. By
    doing so, energy conservation and carbon reduction could be achieved.
    Matched MeSH terms: Technology
  4. Bulk CO2 /CH4 separation for offshore operating conditions using membrane process
    Norwahyu Jusoh, Lau KK, Yeong YF, Azmi M. Shariff
    Sains Malaysiana, 2016;45:1707-1714.
    The increasing demands of natural gas pushes energy industries to explore the reservoirs contain high CO2 concentration
    and impurities including heavy hydrocarbons. High efficiency of using membrane technology in CO2
    -natural gas separation
    has extended its potential application to offshore environment. Due to the limited studies related with the separation of
    CO2
    under offshore conditions, the present work has investigated the separation performance of a commercial membrane
    in removing bulk CO2
    from methane at elevated pressure condition. A wide range of offshore operating conditions
    including pressure from 10 to 50 bar, CO2
    concentration from 25 to 70% and temperature of 30o
    C, 40o
    C and 50o
    C were
    studied. High relative CO2 permeance and relative CO2
    /CH4
    selectivity were observed when the pressure and the CO2
    concentration increased. This work, therefore substantial is to bridge the gap and facilitates the application of membrane
    technology for offshore operating conditions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Technology
  5. A review on production of metal organic frameworks (MOF) for CO2 adsorption
    Ghanbari T, Abnisa F, Wan Daud WMA
    Sci Total Environ, 2020 Mar 10;707:135090.
    PMID: 31863992 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135090
    The environment sustenance and preservation of global climate are known as the crucial issues of the world today. Currently, the crisis of global warming due to CO2 emission has turned into a paramount concern. To address such a concern, diverse CO2 capture and sequestration techniques (CCS) have been introduced so far. In line with this, Metal Organic Frameworks (MOFs) have been considered as the newest and most promising material for CO2 adsorption and separation. Due to their outstanding properties, this new class of porous materials a have exhibited a conspicuous potential for gas separation technologies especially for CO2 storage and separation. Thus, the present review paper is aimed to discuss the adsorption properties of CO2 on the MOFs based on the adsorption mechanisms and the design of the MOF structures. In addition, the main challenge associated with using this prominent porous material has been mentioned.
    Matched MeSH terms: Technology
  6. Heterogeneous Data Approach on Financial development of Selected African Leading Economies
    Farouq I, Sulong Z, Ahmad U, Jakada A, Sambo N
    Data Brief, 2020 Jun;30:105670.
    PMID: 32435680 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.105670
    The presentation of this data focuses on analysing the dynamic role of economic growth, foreign direct investment and financial globalization uncertainty on financial development of selected leading African economies, spanning the year 1970 to 2018, and the data were obtained from world development indicators and global financial development databases. Second generation econometrics techniques were deployed for the analysis. We began with the descriptive and correlation statistics in order to ascertain the normality of the data. Also, homogeneity and cross-sectional dependency tests were carried out to validate the whether or not the data is heterogeneous and depend upon each other across the series. As well, the [3] co-integration and dynamic common correlated effect [1] and pool mean group [2] estimates were applied to confirm the presence of long-run relationship and their effects on the financial development among the sampled countries.
    Matched MeSH terms: Technology
  7. Fulltext 3D Printed Laminated CaCO3-Nanocellulose Films as Controlled-Release 5-Fluorouracil
    Mohan D, Khairullah NF, How YP, Sajab MS, Kaco H
    Polymers (Basel), 2020 Apr 23;12(4).
    PMID: 32340327 DOI: 10.3390/polym12040986
    Drug delivery constitutes the formulations, technologies, and systems for the transport of pharmaceutical compounds to specific areas in the body to exert safe therapeutic effects. The main criteria for selecting the correct medium for drug delivery are the quantity of the drug being carried and the amount of time required to release the drug. Hence, this research aimed to improve the aforementioned criteria by synthesizing a medium based on calcium carbonate-nanocellulose composite and evaluating its efficiency as a medium for drug delivery. Specifically, the efficiency was assessed in terms of the rates of uptake and release of 5-fluorouracil. Through the evaluation of the morphological and chemical properties of the synthesized composite, the established 3D printing profiles of nanocellulose and CaCO3 took place following the layer-by-layer films. The 3D printed double laminated CaCO3-nanocellulose managed to release the 5-fluorouracil as an effective single composition and in a time-controlled manner.
    Matched MeSH terms: Technology
  8. Drone technology in maternal healthcare in Malaysia: A narrative review
    Zailani MAH, Raja Sabudin RZA, Abdul Rahman R, Mohd Saiboon I, Ismail A, Mahdy ZA
    Malays J Pathol, 2021 Aug;43(2):251-259.
    PMID: 34448789
    INTRODUCTION: The vast advancement of technology and breakthrough in high-tech disciplines created multiple areas of research activities, including the emergence of the medical drone. Malaysia, a rapidly developing country in Southeast Asia is on track to achieving high-income status. However, the stagnant growth of Malaysian maternal healthcare does not run parallel with the aspiration. This review paper assessed and reported narratively the current condition of maternal healthcare in Malaysia, the possible application of drones in improving the sector, exploring in detail several challenges, and providing recommendations for experts in studying the rising technological phenomena.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: A literature search was done from June 2019 to November 2019 with restrictions to the English language. The search was performed in ScienceDirect, PubMed, and EMBASE databases, using a combination of search terms related to drones, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV), Unmanned Aerial Systems (UAS), maternal, obstetric, healthcare, medical products transportation and Malaysia. A discourse analysis followed and a narrative review was provided on this subject.

    RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The validated ability of drones in the delivery of blood products is highlighted as a possible application in improving maternal healthcare in Malaysia, particularly in the state of Sabah. Five key challenges are identified: infrastructure, technicalities, regulations, expertise, and social acceptance. Future predictions of drone technology in healthcare were outlined with the suggestion of three principle arms of application.

    CONCLUSION: The usage of the medical drone in medical products transportation supports the objectives of WHO MDG 5 for Malaysian maternal health. A study on the impact of drones in reducing the maternal mortality ratio is recommended for further exploration.

    Matched MeSH terms: Technology
  9. Fulltext A New Wide-Band Double-Negative Metamaterial for C- and S-Band Applications
    Hossain MI, Faruque MRI, Islam MT, Ullah MH
    Materials (Basel), 2014 Dec 25;8(1):57-71.
    PMID: 28787924 DOI: 10.3390/ma8010057
    A new design and analysis of a wide-band double-negative metamaterial, considering a frequency range of 0.5 to 7 GHz, is presented in this paper. Four different unit cells with varying design parameters are analyzed to evaluate the effects of the unit-cell size on the resonance frequencies of the metamaterial. Moreover, open and interconnected 2 × 2 array structures of unit cells are analyzed. The finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, based on the Computer Simulation Technology (CST) Microwave Studio, is utilized in the majority of this investigation. The experimental portion of the study was performed in a semi-anechoic chamber. Good agreement is observed between the simulated and measured S parameters of the developed unit cell and array. The designed unit cell exhibits negative permittivity and permeability simultaneously at S-band (2.95 GHz to 4.00 GHz) microwave frequencies. In addition, the designed unit cell can also operate as a double-negative medium throughout the C band (4.00 GHz to 4.95 GHz and 5.00 GHz to 5.57 GHz). At a number of other frequencies, it exhibits a single negative value. The two array configurations cause a slight shift in the resonance frequencies of the metamaterial and hence lead to a slight shift of the single- and double-negative frequency ranges of the metamaterial.
    Matched MeSH terms: Technology
  10. Fulltext Adaptive Indoor Positioning Model Based on WLAN-Fingerprinting for Dynamic and Multi-Floor Environments
    Alshami IH, Ahmad NA, Sahibuddin S, Firdaus F
    Sensors (Basel), 2017 Aug 05;17(8).
    PMID: 28783047 DOI: 10.3390/s17081789
    The Global Positioning System demonstrates the significance of Location Based Services but it cannot be used indoors due to the lack of line of sight between satellites and receivers. Indoor Positioning Systems are needed to provide indoor Location Based Services. Wireless LAN fingerprints are one of the best choices for Indoor Positioning Systems because of their low cost, and high accuracy, however they have many drawbacks: creating radio maps is time consuming, the radio maps will become outdated with any environmental change, different mobile devices read the received signal strength (RSS) differently, and peoples' presence in LOS between access points and mobile device affects the RSS. This research proposes a new Adaptive Indoor Positioning System model (called DIPS) based on: a dynamic radio map generator, RSS certainty technique and peoples' presence effect integration for dynamic and multi-floor environments. Dynamic in our context refers to the effects of people and device heterogeneity. DIPS can achieve 98% and 92% positioning accuracy for floor and room positioning, and it achieves 1.2 m for point positioning error. RSS certainty enhanced the positioning accuracy for floor and room for different mobile devices by 11% and 9%. Then by considering the peoples' presence effect, the error is reduced by 0.2 m. In comparison with other works, DIPS achieves better positioning without extra devices.
    Matched MeSH terms: Wireless Technology
  11. Fulltext Assessment of demineralized tooth lesions using optical coherence tomography and other state-of-the-art technologies: a review
    Mohamad Saberi FN, Sukumaran P, Ung NM, Liew YM
    Biomed Eng Online, 2022 Dec 03;21(1):83.
    PMID: 36463182 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-022-01055-x
    Tooth demineralization is one of the most common intraoral diseases, encompassing (1) caries caused by acid-producing bacteria and (2) erosion induced by acid of non-bacterial origin from intrinsic sources (e.g. stomach acid reflux) and extrinsic sources (e.g. carbonated drinks). Current clinical assessment based on visual-tactile examination and standardized scoring systems is insufficient for early detection. A combination of clinical examination and technology is therefore increasingly adapted. This paper reviews various procedures and technologies that have been invented to diagnose and assess the severity of tooth demineralization, with focus on optical coherence tomography (OCT). As a micron-resolution non-invasive 3D imaging modality, variants of OCT are now available, offering many advantages under different working principles for detailed analytical assessment of tooth demineralization. The roles, capabilities and impact of OCT against other state-of-the-art technologies in both clinical and research settings are described. (139 words).
    Matched MeSH terms: Technology
  12. Fulltext Mapping national information and communication technology (ICT) infrastructure to the requirements of potential digital health interventions in low- and middle-income countries
    Hui CY, Abdulla A, Ahmed Z, Goel H, Monsur Habib GM, Teck Hock T, et al.
    J Glob Health, 2022 Dec 29;12:04094.
    PMID: 36579436 DOI: 10.7189/jogh.12.04094
    BACKGROUND: Digital health can support health care in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) by overcoming problems of distance, poor infrastructure and the need to provide community practitioners with specialist support. We used five RESPIRE countries as exemplars (Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Pakistan) to identify the digital health solutions that are valuable in their local setting, worked together with local clinicians and researchers to explore digital health policy, electricity/ICT infrastructure, and socio-cultural factors influencing users' ability to access, adopt and utilise digital health.

    METHODS: We adopted the Joanna Briggs Institute's scoping review protocol and followed the Cochrane Rapid Review method to accelerate the review process, using the Implementation and Operation of Mobile Health projects framework and The Extended Technology Acceptance Model of Mobile Telephony to categorise the results. We conducted the review in four stages: (1) establishing value, (2) identifying digital health policy, (3) searching for evidence of infrastructure, design, and end-user adoption, (4) local input to interpret relevance and adoption factors. We used open-source national/international statistics such as the World Health Organization, International Telecommunication Union, Groupe Speciale Mobile, and local news/articles/government statistics to scope the current status, and systematically searched five databases for locally relevant exemplars.

    RESULTS: We found 118 studies (2015-2021) and 114 supplementary online news articles and national statistics. Digital health policy was available in all countries, but scarce skilled labour, lack of legislation/interoperability support, and interrupted electricity and internet services were limitations. Older patients, women and those living in rural areas were least likely to have access to ICT infrastructure. Renewable energy has potential in enabling digital health care. Low usage mobile data and voice service packages are relatively affordable options for mHealth in the five countries.

    CONCLUSIONS: Effective implementation of digital health technologies requires a supportive policy, stable electricity infrastructures, affordable mobile internet service, and good understanding of the socio-economic context in order to tailor the intervention such that it functional, accessible, feasible, user-friendly and trusted by the target users. We suggest a checklist of contextual factors that developers of digital health initiatives in LMICs should consider at an early stage in the development process.

    Matched MeSH terms: Technology
  13. The role of technology innovation and people's connectivity in testing environmental Kuznets curve and pollution heaven hypotheses across the Belt and Road host countries: new evidence from Method of Moments Quantile Regression
    An H, Razzaq A, Haseeb M, Mihardjo LWW
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2021 Feb;28(5):5254-5270.
    PMID: 32960444 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10775-3
    The Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) is closely linked to the ecological sustainability of the infrastructure ventures that intrinsically include the aspects of climate change and pollution. Though there exists literature on the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) and pollution haven hypothesis (PHH), very few explore the scope in the light of Belt and Road host countries (B&RCs). Therefore, the study examines the income-induced EKC and Chinese outward foreign direct investment (FDI)-based PHH in the multivariate framework of people's connectivity and technology innovation in B&RCs from 2003 to 2018. The outcome of the study reveals that the observed relationship is quantile-dependent, which may disclose misleading results in previous studies using traditional methodologies that address the averages. Utilizing the novel "Method of Moments Quantile Regression (MMQR)" of Machado and Silva (J Econom 213:145-173, 2019), the findings confirm an inverted U-shape association between economic growth and CO2 emissions only at lower to medium emission countries, thus validating the EKC hypothesis. The Chinese outward FDI flows increase carbon emissions at medium to high emission countries, thereby confirming PHH. The findings also indicate that people's connectivity contributes to increasing emissions while innovation mitigates carbon emissions at lower to medium polluted countries. Moreover, the outcomes of Granger causality confirm one-way causality between economic growth and CO2 emissions, between FDI and CO2 emissions, between people's connectivity and CO2 emissions, and between innovation and CO2 emissions. The results offer valuable insight for legislators to counteract CO2 emissions in B&RCs through innovation-led energy conservation in infrastructure projects while adopting green and sustainable financing mechanisms to materialize mega construction projects under the BRI.
    Matched MeSH terms: Technology
  14. Assessment of spatial and temporal ecological environment quality under land use change of urban agglomeration in the North Slope of Tianshan, China
    Airiken M, Zhang F, Chan NW, Kung HT
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2022 Feb;29(8):12282-12299.
    PMID: 34564811 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-16579-3
    In the current context of rapid development and urbanization, land use and land cover (LULC) types have undergone unprecedented changes, globally and nationally, leading to significant effects on the surrounding ecological environment quality (EEQ). The urban agglomeration in North Slope of Tianshan (UANST) is in the core area of the Silk Road Economic Belt of China. This area has experienced rapid development and urbanization with equally rapid LULC changes which affect the EEQ. Hence, this study quantified and assessed the spatial-temporal changes of LULC on the UANST from 2001 to 2018 based on remote sensing analysis. Combining five remote sensing ecological factors (WET, NDVI, IBI, TVDI, LST) that met the pressure-state-response(PSR) framework, the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of EEQ were evaluated by synthesizing a new Remote Sensing Ecological Index (RSEI), with the interaction between land use change and EEQ subsequently analyzed. The results showed that LULC change dominated EEQ change on the UANST: (1) From 2001 to 2018, the temporal and spatial pattern of the landscape on the UANST has undergone tremendous changes. The main types of LULC in the UANST are Barren land and Grassland. (2) During the study period, RSEI values in the study area were all lower than 0.5 and were at the [good] levels, reaching 0.31, 0.213, 0.362, and 0346, respectively. In terms of time and space, the overall EEQ on the UANST experienced three stages of decline-rise-decrease. (3) The estimated changes in RSEI were highly related to the changes of LULC. During the period 2001 to 2018, the RSEI value of cropland showed a trend of gradual increase. However, the rest of the LULC type's RSEI values behave differently at different times. As the UANST is the core area of Xinjiang's urbanization and economic development, understanding and balancing the relationship between LULC and EEQ in the context of urbanization is of practical application in the planning and realization of sustainable ecological, environmental, urban, and social development in the UANST.
    Matched MeSH terms: Remote Sensing Technology
  15. A critical review on the current state of antimicrobial glove technologies: advances, challenges and future prospects
    How SW, Low DYS, Leo BF, Manickam S, Goh BH, Tang SY
    J Hosp Infect, 2023 Jul;137:24-34.
    PMID: 37044283 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2023.03.022
    Following recent viral outbreaks, there has been a significant increase in global demand for gloves. Biomedical research focuses increasingly on antimicrobial gloves to combat microbial transmission and hospital-acquired infections. Most antimicrobial gloves are manufactured using antimicrobial chemicals such as disinfectants, biocides and sanitizers. The design of antimicrobial gloves incorporates advanced technologies, including colloidal particles and nanomaterials, to enhance antimicrobial effectiveness. A category of antimicrobial gloves also explores and integrates natural antimicrobial benefits from animals, plants and micro-organisms. Many types of antimicrobial agents are available; however, it is crucial that the selected agent exhibits a broad spectrum of activity and is not susceptible to promoting resistance. Additionally, future research should focus on the potential effect of antimicrobial gloves on the skin microbiota and irritation during extended wear. Careful integration of the antimicrobial agent is essential to ensure optimal effectiveness without compromising the mechanical properties of the gloves.
    Matched MeSH terms: Technology
  16. Fulltext Generation of peptides using phage display technology for cancer diagnosis and molecular imaging
    Pung HS, Tye GJ, Leow CH, Ng WK, Lai NS
    Mol Biol Rep, 2023 May;50(5):4653-4664.
    PMID: 37014570 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08380-x
    Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide; nearly 10 million people died from it in 2020. The high mortality rate results from the lack of effective screening approaches where early detection cannot be achieved, reducing the chance of early intervention to prevent cancer development. Non-invasive and deep-tissue imaging is useful in cancer diagnosis, contributing to a visual presentation of anatomy and physiology in a rapid and safe manner. Its sensitivity and specificity can be enhanced with the application of targeting ligands with the conjugation of imaging probes. Phage display is a powerful technology to identify antibody- or peptide-based ligands with effective binding specificity against their target receptor. Tumour-targeting peptides exhibit promising results in molecular imaging, but the application is limited to animals only. Modern nanotechnology facilitates the combination of peptides with various nanoparticles due to their superior characteristics, rendering novel strategies in designing more potent imaging probes for cancer diagnosis and targeting therapy. In the end, a myriad of peptide candidates that aimed for different cancers diagnosis and imaging in various forms of research were reviewed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Technology
  17. Impacts of industrial production and air quality by remote sensing on nitrogen dioxide concentration and related effects: An econometric approach
    Kurniawan R, Budi Alamsyah AR, Fudholi A, Purwanto A, Sumargo B, Gio PU, et al.
    Environ Pollut, 2023 Oct 01;334:122212.
    PMID: 37454714 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122212
    The high concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is to blame for West Java's poor Air Quality Index (AQI). So, this study aims to determine the influence of industrial activity as reflected by the value of its imports and exports, wind speed, and ozone (O3) on the high concentration of tropospheric NO2. The method used is the econometric Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) approach to capture the existence of a short-term and long-term relationship between tropospheric NO2 and its predictor variables. The data used in this study is in the form of monthly time series data for the 2018-2022 period sourced from satellite images (Sentinel-5P and ECMWF Climate Reanalysis) and publications of the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS-Statistics Indonesia). The results explained that, in the short-term, tropospheric NO2 and O3 influence each other as they would in a photochemical reaction. In the long-term, exports from the industrial sector and wind speed have a significant effect on the concentration of tropospheric NO2. The short-term effect occurs directly in the first month after the shock, while the long-term effect occurs in the second month after the shock. Wind gusts originating from industrial areas cause air conditions to be even more alarming because tropospheric NO2 pollutants spread throughout the region in West Java. Based on the coefficient correlation result, the high number of pneumonia cases is one of the impacts caused by air pollution.
    Matched MeSH terms: Remote Sensing Technology
  18. Remote sensing for chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) monitoring research 2003-2022: A bibliometric analysis based on the web of science core database
    Li Z, Zhang F, Shi J, Chan NW, Tan ML, Kung HT, et al.
    Mar Pollut Bull, 2023 Nov;196:115653.
    PMID: 37879130 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115653
    Chromophoric dissolved organic matter (CDOM) occupies a critical part in biogeochemistry and energy flux of aquatic ecosystems. CDOM research spans in many fields, including chemistry, marine environment, biomass cycling, physics, hydrology, and climate change. In recent years, a series of remarkable research milestone have been achieved. On the basis of reviewing the research process of CDOM, combined with a bibliometric analysis, this study aims to provide a comprehensive review of the development and applications of remote sensing in monitoring CDOM from 2003 to 2022. The findings show that remote sensing data plays an important role in CDOM research as proven with the increasing number of publications since 2003, particularly in China and the United States. Primary research areas have gradually changed from studying absorption and fluorescence properties to optimization of remote sensing inversion models in recent years. Since the composition of oceanic and freshwater bodies differs significantly, it is important to choose the appropriate inversion method for different types of water body. At present, the monitoring of CDOM mainly relies on a single sensor, but the fusion of images from different sensors can be considered a major research direction due to the complex characteristics of CDOM. Therefore, in the future, the characteristics of CDOM will be studied in depth inn combination with multi-source data and other application models, where inversion algorithms will be optimized, inversion algorithms with low dependence on measured data will be developed, and a transportable inversion model will be built to break the regional limitations of the model and to promote the development of CDOM research in a deeper and more comprehensive direction.
    Matched MeSH terms: Remote Sensing Technology
  19. Fulltext NGS Technology in Monitoring the Genetic Diversity of Cytomegalovirus Strains
    Vankova OE, Brusnigina NF, Novikova NA
    Sovrem Tekhnologii Med, 2023;15(2):41-46.
    PMID: 37389021 DOI: 10.17691/stm2023.15.2.04
    Modern molecular genetic methods, massive parallel sequencing in particular, allow for genotyping of various pathogens with the aim of their epidemiological marking and improvement of molecular epidemiological surveillance of actual infections, including cytomegalovirus infection. The aim of the study is to evaluate the next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology for genotyping clinical isolates of cytomegalovirus (CMV).

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: The object of the study were samples of biological substrates (leukocyte mass, saliva, urine) taken from patients who underwent liver and kidney transplantation. Detection of CMV DNA was carried out by a real-time PCR using commercial diagnostic AmpliSense CMV-FL test systems (Central Research Institute for Epidemiology, Moscow, Russia). DNA extraction was performed using DNA-sorb AM and DNA-sorb V kits (Central Research Institute for Epidemiology) in accordance with manufacturer's manual. The quality of the prepared DNA library for sequencing was assessed by means of the QIAxcel Advanced System capillary gel electrophoresis system (QIAGEN, Germany). Alignment and assembly of nucleotide sequences were carried out using CLC Genomics Workbench 5.5 software (CLC bio, USA). The sequencing results were analyzed using BLAST of NCBI server.

    RESULTS: CMV DNA samples were selected for genotyping. The two variable genes, UL55(gB) and UL73(gN), were used for CMV genotype determination, which was performed using NGS technology MiSeq sequencer (Illumina, USA). Based on the exploratory studies and analysis of literature sources, primers for genotyping on the UL55(gB) and UL73(gN) genes have been selected and the optimal conditions for the PCR reaction have been defined. The results of sequencing the UL55(gB) and UL73(gN) gene fragments of CMV clinical isolates from recipients of solid organs made it possible to determine the virus genotypes, among which gB2, gN4c, and gN4b were dominant. In some cases, association of two and three CMV genotypes has been revealed.

    CONCLUSION: The application of the NGS technology for genotyping cytomegalovirus strains can become one of the main methods of CMV infection molecular epidemiology, as it allows for obtaining reliable results with a significant reduction in research time.

    Matched MeSH terms: Technology
  20. Construction 4.0 technology evaluation using fuzzy TOPSIS: comparison between sustainability and resiliency, well-being, productivity, safety, and integrity
    Shafei H, Rahman RA, Lee YS
    Environ Sci Pollut Res Int, 2024 Feb;31(10):14858-14893.
    PMID: 38285259 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-31862-9
    This study aims to compare the impact of Construction 4.0 technologies on different organizational core values, focusing on sustainability and resiliency, well-being, productivity, safety, and integrity. To achieve that aim, the study objectives are the following: (i) identify the critical Construction 4.0 technologies between core values; (ii) appraise overlapping critical Construction 4.0 technologies between core values; (iii) examine the ranking performance of Construction 4.0 technologies between core values; and (iv) analyze the interrelationships between Construction 4.0 technologies and core values. First, twelve Construction 4.0 technologies were identified from a national strategic plan. Then, the fuzzy technique for order of preference by similarity to ideal solution (TOPSIS) that incorporates subjective and objective weights was used to evaluate the impact of the Construction 4.0 technologies on the five core values. Finally, the collected data was analyzed using the following techniques: fuzzy TOPSIS, normalization, overlap analysis, agreement analysis, sensitivity analysis, ranking comparison, and Spearman correlation. The study findings reveal four critical Construction 4.0 technologies that enhance all five core values: building information modeling (BIM), Internet of Things (IoT), big data and predictive analytics, and autonomous construction. Also, there is a high agreement on the Construction 4.0 technologies that enhance well-being and productivity. Lastly, artificial intelligence (AI) has the highest number of very strong relationships among the core values. The originality of this paper lies in its comprehensive comparison of the impact of Construction 4.0 technologies on multiple organizational core values. The study findings provide valuable insights in making strategic decisions in adopting Construction 4.0 technologies.
    Matched MeSH terms: Technology
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