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Fulltext An investigation of knowledge, attitude and practice of occupational safety and health (OSH) on safety climate at workplace in manufacturing industry

Nuruzzakiyah Mohd Ishanuddin, Ezrin Hani Sukadarin, Hanida Abdul Aziz, Junaidah Zakaria

Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 2019;16(2):21-29.
MyJurnal

To investigate the safety climate and knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) on occupational safety and health (OSH)in the manufacturing industry, also to determine the association between safety climate factors and KAP of safety among manufacturing worker. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 59 respondents from two manufacturing plants located in Gebeng, Kuantan, Pahang. Most of the respondents were Malay (91.5%) and male (96.6%). Participants were administered a set of questionnaires (Cronbach alpha=0.674) that measured the safety climate as perceived by the workers towards their supervisor and KAP of the workers regarding safety-related matters at the workplace. Self-administered questionnaires consisted of 5 points Likert scale used to measure each of the items of safety climate and KAP. The scales for safety climate and KAP were probed using 16 items and 17 items in the questionnaires, respectively. The results were analysed using a non-parametric test, which is Spearman’s rho correlations and descriptive statistics. Bivariate analysis was performed. There was a moderate positive correlation between safety climate and KAP domains (Spearman’s rho: 0.581, p

Matched MeSH terms: Organizational Culture
Fulltext Survival study and haemolysin activity of Escherichia coli in raw and pasteurized milk produced in Negeri Sembilan

Farra Amira Mohamed, Aimi Nadia Ramli,, Noorlis Ahmad

Journal of Academia Universiti Teknologi MARA Negeri Sembilan, 2020;8(1):66-77.
MyJurnal

Demand for milk has increased in Malaysia due to the increased in awareness of healthy foods consumption.
Hence, research of milk is crucial to ensure that it is not contaminated with Escherichia coli. This study
evaluated the survival of Escherichia coli at different temperature and haemolysin activity of Escherichia
coli on blood agar. A total of 8 samples of raw fresh and pasteurized milk were collected from nearby farm
and market in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia. After an overnight exposure to four different temperatures of
0
0C, 280C, 350C and 450C, the bacteriological test of milk was evaluated for the presence of Escherichia
coli. Overall, all raw fresh milk sampled exceeded the acceptable limit of bacterial count of 1 x 105 CFU/ml.
Raw fresh milk recorded the highest count at 35oC with 4.4 x 107 CFU/ml and the lowest at 0oC with 8.3 x
104 CFU/ml. The presence of Escherichia coli was detected in 7/20(35%) of the total raw fresh milk
samples. All pasteurized milk showed no presence of Escherichia coli due to the effectiveness of heat
treatment. Haemolysin test showed no haemolytic activity. Milk contaminated with Escherichia coli can
cause diarrheal, gastrointestinal diseases and urinary infection. Hence, it is important to study the survival
rate of Escherichia coli and its pathogenicity in milk to ensure public safety.

Matched MeSH terms: Culture Media
Fulltext Integrated Stirred-Tank Bioreactor with Internal Adsorption for the Removal of Ammonium to Enhance the Cultivation Performance of gdhA Derivative Pasteurella multocida B:2

Oslan SNH, Tan JS, Abbasiliasi S, Ziad Sulaiman A, Saad MZ, Halim M, et al.

Microorganisms, 2020 Oct 24;8(11).
PMID: 33114463 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8111654

Growth of mutant gdhA Pasteurella multocida B:2 was inhibited by the accumulation of a by-product, namely ammonium in the culture medium during fermentation. The removal of this by-product during the cultivation of mutant gdhA P. multocida B:2 in a 2 L stirred-tank bioreactor integrated with an internal column using cation-exchange adsorption resin for the improvement of cell viability was studied. Different types of bioreactor system (dispersed and internal) with resins were successfully used for ammonium removal at different agitation speeds. The cultivation in a bioreactor integrated with an internal column demonstrated a significant improvement in growth performance of mutant gdhA P. multocida B:2 (1.05 × 1011 cfu/mL), which was 1.6-fold and 8.4-fold as compared to cultivation with dispersed resin (7.2 × 1010 cfu/mL) and cultivation without resin (1.25 × 1010 cfu/mL), respectively. The accumulation of ammonium in culture medium without resin (801 mg/L) was 1.24-fold and 1.37-fold higher than culture with dispersed resin (642.50 mg/L) and culture in the bioreactor integrated with internal adsorption (586.50 mg/L), respectively. Results from this study demonstrated that cultivation in a bioreactor integrated with the internal adsorption column in order to remove ammonium could reduce the inhibitory effect of this by-product and improve the growth performance of mutant gdhA P. multocida B:2.

Matched MeSH terms: Culture Media
Fulltext Biological Interaction Between Human Gingival Fibroblasts and Vascular Endothelial Cells for Angiogenesis: A Co-culture Perspective

Um Min Allah N, Berahim Z, Ahmad A, Kannan TP

Tissue Eng Regen Med, 2017 Oct;14(5):495-505.
PMID: 30603504 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-017-0065-y

Advancement in cell culture protocols, multidisciplinary research approach, and the need of clinical implication to reconstruct damaged or diseased tissues has led to the establishment of three-dimensional (3D) test systems for regeneration and repair. Regenerative therapies, including dental tissue engineering, have been pursued as a new prospect to repair and rebuild the diseased/lost oral tissues. Interactions between the different cell types, growth factors, and extracellular matrix components involved in angiogenesis are vital in the mechanisms of new vessel formation for tissue regeneration. In vitro pre-vascularization is one of the leading scopes in the tissue-engineering field. Vascularization strategies that are associated with co-culture systems have proved that there is communication between different cell types with mutual beneficial effects in vascularization and tissue regeneration in two-dimensional or 3D cultures. Endothelial cells with different cell populations, including osteoblasts, smooth muscle cells, and fibroblasts in a co-culture have shown their ability to advocate pre-vascularization. In this review, a co-culture perspective of human gingival fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells is discussed with the main focus on vascularization and future perspective of this model in regeneration and repair.

Matched MeSH terms: Cell Culture Techniques
Potential colorimetric detection of cancer cells using Phenol Red

Amran EN, Sudik S, Omar AF, Mail MH, Seeni A

Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther, 2019 Sep;27:380-384.
PMID: 31301437 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2019.07.006

The objective of this research is to examine the relationship between the color changes of phenol red and the growth of cancer cells, i.e., HeLa and DU145 cells, over a specific period of time. Normal mouse skin fibroblasts (L929 cells) were used as a reference. In this research, the color changes of phenol red due to the acidification of the cell culture medium from the growth of the cells over a period of nine hours showed potential colorimetric characteristics of cancer cells. The color changes of phenol red were observed using visible absorbance spectroscopy. The transformation of the absorbance spectra into coefficients of determination against the examined range of wavelengths created a distinctive spectral signature that signifies phenol red discoloration in cancer and normal cell culture lines.

Matched MeSH terms: Culture Media
The design of a thermoresponsive surface for the continuous culture of human pluripotent stem cells

Sung TC, Yang JS, Yeh CC, Liu YC, Jiang YP, Lu MW, et al.

Biomaterials, 2019 Nov;221:119411.
PMID: 31419657 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119411

Commonly, stem cell culture is based on batch-type culture, which is laborious and expensive. We continuously cultured human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) on thermoresponsive dish surfaces, where hPSCs were partially detached on the same thermoresponsive dish by decreasing the temperature of the thermoresponsive dish to be below the lower critical solution temperature for only 30 min. Then, the remaining cells were continuously cultured in fresh culture medium, and the detached stem cells were harvested in the exchanged culture medium. hPSCs were continuously cultured for ten cycles on the thermoresponsive dish surface, which was prepared by coating the surface with poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-styrene) and oligovitronectin-grafted poly(acrylic acid-co-styrene) or recombinant vitronectin for hPSC binding sites to maintain hPSC pluripotency. After ten cycles of continuous culture on the thermoresponsive dish surface, the detached cells expressed pluripotency proteins and had the ability to differentiate into cells derived from the three germ layers in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the detached cells differentiated into specific cell lineages, such as cardiomyocytes, with high efficiency.

Matched MeSH terms: Cell Culture Techniques
Fulltext The role of human rights in implementing socially responsible seafood

Teh LCL, Caddell R, Allison EH, Finkbeiner EM, Kittinger JN, Nakamura K, et al.

PLoS One, 2019;14(1):e0210241.
PMID: 30682056 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210241

Sustainability standards for seafood mainly address environmental performance criteria and are less concerned with the welfare of fisheries workers who produce the seafood. Yet human rights violations such as slavery and human trafficking are widespread in fisheries around the world, and underscore the need for certification bodies and other seafood supply chain actors to improve social performance, in addition to addressing environmental challenges. Calls for socially responsible seafood have referenced human rights law and policy frameworks to shape the guiding principles of socially responsible seafood and to provide the legal machinery to implement these aspirations, but practical guidance on how to achieve this is lacking. To provide clarity on this challenge, we reviewed the literature concerning human rights in the seafood supply chain, and prepared an analysis of opportunities and challenges to implement socially responsible seafood through relevant human rights, legal and policy instruments. We observe that human rights laws are generally framed in favour of addressing violations of civil and political rights, but there remains considerable scope for applying economic, social and cultural (ESC) rights in this context. Other challenges include weakly defined ESC rights infringements, a lack of straightforward mechanisms to enforce human rights entitlements, and practical difficulties such as resources to support and secure rights. On the positive side, governments can draw on international instruments to inspire national policies and legislation to eliminate illegalities from the seafood supply chain. However, for socially responsible seafood principles to translate into tangible actions, these objectives must be rooted in clear legal obligations and be supported by sufficient national capacity and political will.

Matched MeSH terms: Culture
Halal and kosher slaughter methods and meat quality: a review

Farouk MM, Al-Mazeedi HM, Sabow AB, Bekhit AE, Adeyemi KD, Sazili AQ, et al.

Meat Sci, 2014 Nov;98(3):505-19.
PMID: 24973207 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2014.05.021

There are many slaughter procedures that religions and cultures use around the world. The two that are commercially relevant are the halal and kosher methods practiced by Muslims and Jews respectively. The global trade in red meat and poultry produced using these two methods is substantial, thus the importance of the quality of the meat produced using the methods. Halal and kosher slaughter per se should not affect meat quality more than their industrial equivalents, however, some of their associated pre- and post-slaughter processes do. For instance, the slow decline in blood pressure following a halal pre-slaughter head-only stun and neck cut causes blood splash (ecchymosis) in a range of muscles and organs of slaughtered livestock. Other quality concerns include bruising, hemorrhages, skin discoloration and broken bones particularly in poultry. In addition to these conventional quality issues, the "spiritual quality" of the meat can also be affected when the halal and kosher religious requirements are not fully met during the slaughter process. The nature, causes, importance and mitigations of these and other quality issues related to halal and kosher slaughtering and meat production using these methods are the subjects of this review.

Matched MeSH terms: Culture
Fulltext Recombinant bromelain production in Escherichia coli: process optimization in shake flask culture by response surface methodology

Muntari B, Amid A, Mel M, Jami MS, Salleh HM

AMB Express, 2012;2:12.
PMID: 22336426 DOI: 10.1186/2191-0855-2-12

Bromelain, a cysteine protease with various therapeutic and industrial applications, was expressed in Escherichia coli, BL21-AI clone, under different cultivation conditions (post-induction temperature, L-arabinose concentration and post-induction period). The optimized conditions by response surface methodology using face centered central composite design were 0.2% (w/v) L-arabinose, 8 hr and 25°C. The analysis of variance coupled with larger value of R2 (0.989) showed that the quadratic model used for the prediction was highly significant (p < 0.05). Under the optimized conditions, the model produced bromelain activity of 9.2 U/mg while validation experiments gave bromelain activity of 9.6 ± 0.02 U/mg at 0.15% (w/v) L-arabinose, 8 hr and 27°C. This study had innovatively developed cultivation conditions for better production of recombinant bromelain in shake flask culture.

Matched MeSH terms: Batch Cell Culture Techniques
Biosynthetic enhancement of single-stage Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) production by manipulating the substrate mixtures

Huong KH, Kannusamy S, Lim SY, Amirul AA

J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol, 2015 Sep;42(9):1291-7.
PMID: 26233315 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-015-1657-y

Two-stage fermentation was normally employed to achieve a high poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB-co-4HB)] productivity with higher 4HB molar fraction. Here, we demonstrated single-stage fermentation method which is more industrial feasible by implementing mixed-substrate cultivation strategy. Studies on bioreactor scale show a remarkably high PHA accumulation of 73 wt%, contributing to a high PHA concentration and product yield of 8.6 g/L and 2.7 g/g, respectively. This fermentation strategy has resulted in copolymers with wider range of 4HB monomer composition, which ranges from 12 to 55 mol%. These copolymers show a broad range of weight average molecular weight (M w ) from 119.5 to 407.0 kDa. The copolymer characteristics were found to be predominantly affected by the nature of the substrates and the mixture strategies, regardless of the 4HB monomer compositions. This was supported by the determination of copolymer randomness using (13)C-NMR analysis. The study warrants significantly in the copolymer scale-up and modeling at industrial level.

Matched MeSH terms: Culture Media
Emergency Laparotomy in a COVID-19 patient with acute abdomen

Hassan R, Johari M, Nijhar JS, Sharifah BSA, Low LL, Amri N

Med J Malaysia, 2021 03;76(2):254-257.
PMID: 33742640

We describe here the first laparotomy involving a COVID-19 patient in Malaysia. A 60-year-old man screened positive for SARS-CoV-2 in March 2020 and developed acute abdomen in the ward in Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah, Kedah. He underwent laparotomy and cholecystectomy for gangrenous cholecystitis. All personnel adhered to infectious control precautions, donning full personal protective equipment (PPE) throughout the surgery. Post-operatively, due to raised septic parameters, he was carefully diagnosed with and treated empirically for superimposed bacterial sepsis instead of cytokine release syndrome, with confirmed blood culture of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Patient was discharged well later. None of the staff involved in his care developed COVID-19 infection.

Matched MeSH terms: Blood Culture
Fulltext False positive blood culture from automated microbial detection system in severe malaria – a case report

Syarifah Mohd Rahim, Siti Norbaya Masri, Rosni Ibrahim

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(1):342-344.
MyJurnal

Automated microbial detection system (AMDs) are design to detect early growth of bacterial and fungal. We herein report a rare case of false positive blood culture by AMDs in Plasmodium falciparum infection. A 41-year-old pre- viously healthy lady, with recent history of travelling to Lagos, Nigeria had presented to the casualty with history of fever and lethargy for three days. There was no malaria prophylaxis taken prior to the travelling history. Peripheral blood smear confirmed the presence of young trophozoite of Plasmodium falciparum with parasitemia of 7%. Con- current blood culture sent was positive, however all subcultures were negative for any growth. She was treated with intravenous artesunate however succumbed to death on the day of admission due to severe falciparum infection complicated with multiorgan failure and shock. The aim of this report is to highlight, the circumstances that can trigger the false positive AMDs detection and the possible underlying mechanism.

Matched MeSH terms: Blood Culture
Accelerated wound closure - Systematic evaluation of cellulose acetate effects on biologically active molecules release from amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSCs)

Nuge T, Liu X, Tshai KY, Lim SS, Nordin N, Hoque ME, et al.

Biotechnol Appl Biochem, 2021 Apr 07.
PMID: 33826152 DOI: 10.1002/bab.2162

Despite a lot of intensive research on cells-scaffolds interaction, focused are mainly on the capacity of construct scaffolds to regulate cell mobility, migration and cytotoxicity. The effect of the scaffold's topographical and material properties on the expression of biologically active compounds from stem cells is not well understood. In this study, the influence of cellulose acetate (CA) on the electrospinnability of gelatin and the roles of gelatin-cellulose acetate (Ge-CA) on modulating the release of biologically active compounds from amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSCs) is emphasized. It was found that the presence of a small amount of CA could provide a better microenvironment that mimics AFSCs' niche. However, a large amount of CA exhibited no significant effect on AFSCs migration and infiltration. Further study on the effect of surface topography and mechanical properties on AFSCs showed that the tailored microenvironment provided by the Ge-CA scaffolds had transduced physical cues to biomolecules released into the culture media. It was found that the AFSCs seeded on electrospun scaffolds with less CA proportions has profound effects on the secretion of metabolic compounds compared to those with higher CA contained and gelatin coating. The enhanced secretion of biologically active molecules by the AFSCs on the electrospun scaffolds was proven by the accelerated wound closure on the injured human dermal fibroblast (HDF) model. The rapid HDF cell migration could be anticipated due to a higher level of paracrine factors in AFSCs media. Our study demonstrates that the fibrous topography and mechanical properties of the scaffold is a key material property that modulates the high expression of biologically active compounds from the AFSCs. The discovery elucidates a new aspect of material functions and scaffolds material-AFSCs interaction for regulating biomolecules release to promote tissue regeneration/repair. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing the scaffolds material-AFSCs interaction and the efficacy of scratch assays on quantifying the cell migration in response to the AFSCs metabolic products. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

Matched MeSH terms: Culture Media
Whither regulation, risk and water safety plans? Case studies from Malaysia and from England and Wales

Hasan H, Parker A, Pollard SJT

Sci Total Environ, 2021 Feb 10;755(Pt 1):142868.
PMID: 33348485 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.142868

We explore the interplay between preventative risk management and regulatory style for the implementation of water safety plans in Malaysia and in England and Wales, two jurisdictions with distinct philosophies of approach. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 32 water safety professionals in Malaysia, 23 in England and Wales, supported by 6 Focus Group Discussions (n = 53 participants). A grounded theory approach produced insights on the transition from drinking water quality surveillance to preventative risk management. Themes familiar to this type of regulatory transition emerged, including concerns about compliance policy; overseeing the risk management controls of regulatees with varied competencies and funds available to drive change; and the portfolio of interventions suited to a more facilitative regulatory style. Because the potential harm from waterborne illness is high where pathogen exposures occur, the transition to risk-informed regulation demands mature organisational cultures among water utilities and regulators, and a laser-like focus on ensuring risk management controls are delivered within water supply systems.

Matched MeSH terms: Organizational Culture
Fulltext Megalocytiviruses in ornamental fish: A review

Johan CAC, Zainathan SC

Vet World, 2020 Nov;13(11):2565-2577.
PMID: 33363355 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.2565-2577

Iridoviruses, especially megalocytiviruses, are related to severe disease resulting in high economic losses in the aquaculture industry worldwide. The ornamental fish industry has been affected severely due to Megalocytivirus infections. Megalocytivirus is a DNA virus that has three genera; including red sea bream iridovirus, infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus, and turbot reddish body iridovirus. Megalocytivirus causes non-specific clinical signs in ornamental fish. Cell culture, histology, immunofluorescence test, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay, and loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay have been used to diagnose megalocytiviruses. Risk factors such as temperature, transportation (export and import), and life stages of ornamental fish have been reported for the previous cases due to Megalocytivirus infections. In addition, other prevention and control methods also have been practiced in farms to prevent Megalocytivirus outbreaks. This is the first review of megalocytiviruses in ornamental fish since its first detection in 1989. This review discusses the occurrences of Megalocytivirus in ornamental fish, including the history, clinical signs, detection method, risk factors, and prevention measures.

Matched MeSH terms: Cell Culture Techniques
Fulltext Enhancement of Live Food Nutritional Status with Essential Nutrients for Improving Aquatic Animal Health: A Review

Samat NA, Yusoff FM, Rasdi NW, Karim M

Animals (Basel), 2020 Dec 21;10(12).
PMID: 33371528 DOI: 10.3390/ani10122457

At the present time, no artificial larval diet is capable of entirely fulfilling the dietary requirements of several larval fish and crustacean species. Zooplankton live food is the basic foundation of fish larviculture, and successful rearing of fish larvae still heavily depends on an adequate supply of nutritious live food. Despite being important, the production protocols of copepods and cladocerans (Moina) are still underdeveloped in hatcheries. Rotifers and Artemia are the most commonly used live foods. However, these live foods are evidently lacking in crucial nutrient constituents. Hence, through nutrient enrichment, live food with the nutritional profile that meets the requirements of fish larvae can be produced. With the aim to maximize the effectiveness of production to optimize profitability, it is important to evaluate and improve culture techniques for the delivery of micro- and macro-nutrients as feed supplements to larvae in aquaculture systems. Bioencapsulation and enrichment are the evolving techniques in aquaculture that are commonly employed to enhance the nutritional quality of live food by integrating nutrients into them, which subsequently improves the growth, survival, and disease resistance of the consuming hosts. This review aims to highlight some of the approaches and methods used to improve the nutritional quality of live food by modifying their nutrient composition, which could have immense promise in the enhancement of aquatic animal health.

Matched MeSH terms: Culture Techniques
Stem Cells from Human Extracted Deciduous Teeth Expanded in Foetal Bovine and Human Sera Express Different Paracrine Factors After Exposure to Freshly Prepared Human Serum

Haque N, Widera D, Abu Kasim NH

Adv Exp Med Biol, 2019;1084:175-186.
PMID: 30771186 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2018_299

BACKGROUND: The response of stem cells to paracrine factors within the host's body plays an important role in the regeneration process after transplantation. The aim of this study was to determine the viability and paracrine factor profile of stem cells from human extracted deciduous teeth (SHED) pre-cultivated in media supplemented with either foetal bovine serum (FBS) or pooled human serum (pHS) in the presence of individual human sera (iHS).
METHODS: SHED (n = 3) from passage 4 were expanded in FBS (FBS-SHED) or pHS (pHS-SHED) supplemented media until passage 7. During expansion, the proliferation of SHED was determined. Cells at passage 7 were further expanded in human serum from four individual donors (iHS) for 120 h followed by assessment of cell viability and profiling of the secreted paracrine factors.
RESULTS: Proliferation of SHED was significantly higher (p

Matched MeSH terms: Cell Culture Techniques
Fulltext Quintuplex PCR to detect antibiotic resistance genes in Streptococcus pneumoniae

Navindra Kumari Palanisamy, Parasakthi Navaratnam, Shamala Devi Sekaran

Journal of Clinical and Health Sciences, 2016;1:22-28.

Introduction: Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important bacterial pathogen, causing respiratory infection. Penicillin resistance in S. pneumoniae is associated with alterations in the penicillin binding proteins, while resistance to macrolides is conferred either by the modification of the ribosomal target site or efflux mechanism. This study aimed to characterize S. pneumoniae and its antibiotic resistance genes using 2 sets of multiplex PCRs. Methods: A quintuplex and triplex PCR was used to characterize the pbp1A, ermB, gyrA, ply, and the mefE genes. Fifty-eight penicillin sensitive strains (PSSP), 36 penicillin intermediate strains (PISP) and 26 penicillin resistance strains (PRSP) were used. Results: Alteration in pbp1A was only observed in PISP and PRSP strains, while PCR amplification of the ermB or mefE was observed only in strains with reduced susceptibility to erythromycin. The assay was found to be sensitive as simulated blood cultures showed the lowest level of detection to be 10cfu. Conclusions: As predicted, the assay was able to differentiate penicillin susceptible from the non-susceptible strains based on the detection of the pbp1A gene, which correlated with the MIC value of the strains.

Matched MeSH terms: Blood Culture
Ultrastructural aspects of sylvatic dengue virus infection in Vero cell

Fish-Low CY, Abubakar S, Othman F, Chee HY

Malays J Pathol, 2019 Apr;41(1):41-46.
PMID: 31025636

INTRODUCTION: Dengue virus (DENV), the causative agent of dengue disease exists in sylvatic and endemic ecotypes. The cell morphological changes and viral morphogenesis of two dengue ecotypes were examined at the ultrastructural level to identify potential similarities and differences in the surrogate model of enzootic host.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Vero cells were inoculated with virus at a multiplicity of infection (MOI) of 0.1. Cell cultures were harvested over a time course and processed for transmission electron microscopic imaging.
RESULTS: The filopodia protrusions on cell periphery preceded virus entry. Additionally, sylvatic DENV infection was found spreading slower than the endemic DENV. Morphogenesis of both dengue ecotypes was alike but at different level of efficiency in the permissive cells.
CONCLUSIONS: This is the first ultrastructural study on sylvatic DENV and this comparative study revealed the similarities and differences of cellular responses and morphogenesis of two dengue ecotypes in vitro. The study revealed the weaker infectivity of sylvatic DENV in the surrogate model of enzootic host, which supposed to support better replication of enzootic DENV than endemic DENV.

Matched MeSH terms: Cell Culture Techniques
Fulltext A catheter-related bloodstream infection caused by the yeast Kodamaea ohmeri

Ding, C.H., Tzar M.N., Biswas S., Muttaqillah N.A.S., Wahab A.A.

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2018;17(2):135-138.
MyJurnal

Catheter-related bloodstream infections caused by Kodamaea ohmeri are generally not considered due to the relative scarcity of reported cases. This is a case of an 85-year-old man with poorly controlled diabetes mellitus who was initially admitted to our hospital for diabetic ketoacidosis. An internal jugular catheter was inserted as part of the initial management. A week later the patient developed a temperature spike and a yeast identified as Kodamaea ohmeri by ID 32 C (bioMérieux, France) was isolated from both his central and peripheral blood cultures. The catheter was removed and the patient was treated with fluconazole despite the organism’s relatively high minimum inhibitory concentration (2 μg/mL) to this antifungal. The fungemia resolved following a 2-weeks course of fluconazole.

Matched MeSH terms: Blood Culture

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