Displaying publications 5481 - 5500 of 24632 in total

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  1. Fulltext The first mitochondrial genome data of an old world fruit bat, Cynopterus sphinx from Malaysia
    Jahari PNS, Mohd Azman S, Munian K, Zakaria NA, Omar MSS, Richter SR, et al.
    Mitochondrial DNA B Resour, 2021 Jan 12;6(1):53-55.
    PMID: 33521264 DOI: 10.1080/23802359.2020.1846472
    We assembled the complete mitogenome of Cynopterus sphinx (Vahl, 1797) of the family Pteropodidae originating from Malaysia. The total mitogenome size was 16,710bp which consists of 37 genes (13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, two ribosomal RNA genes and one control region). A phylogenetic and BLASTn result showed the mitogenome sequence in this study varies by nearly 7% (93.48% similarity) from the same species in Cambodia. The next closest match of BLASTn was at 92% similarity to the C. brachyotis. This suggests the species-complex in Cynopterus sp. has given rise to the genetic variability.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  2. Fulltext Effectiveness of an intervention to increase the knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding the return and disposal of unused medications
    Lai PSM, Tan KM, Lee HG, Wong YY, Azhari Wasi NA, Sim SM
    Malays Fam Physician, 2021 Mar 25;16(1):56-63.
    PMID: 33948143 DOI: 10.51866/oa1013
    This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational intervention (Safe D.U.M.P) to improve the knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding the return and disposal of unused medications. Community-dwelling adults in Malaysia who could understand English were recruited from two healthcare events. Participants were asked to fill out the validated Return and Disposal of Unused Medications (ReDiUM) questionnaire (pre-intervention), view six educational intervention posters on how to dispose of unused medications (Safe D.U.M.P), then answer the ReDiUM questionnaire immediately after viewing the posters (post-intervention). A total of 390 out of 456 participants participated (response rate=85.5%). Most were female (71%) with a median age of 42 years. The overall knowledge of participants significantly increased from 60% to 80% (p<0.001). However, no improvement was seen regarding their overall attitude and practice. This outcome was as expected as it may be more difficult to improve attitude and practice (when compared to knowledge) with a single educational session.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  3. Geosesarma sodalis, a new species of vampire crab (Crustacea, Brachyura, Sesarmidae) from a limestone cave in central Sarawak, Malaysia
    Ng PKL
    Zookeys, 2021;1031:133-141.
    PMID: 33958910 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1031.63134
    A new species of semi-terrestrial crab of the genus Geosesarma (Sesarmidae) is described from a limestone cave in central Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo. Geosesarma sodalissp. nov. is characterised by its quadrate carapace, absence of a flagellum on the exopod of the third maxilliped, presence of 10 or 11 sharp tubercles on the dactylus of the chela and a diagnostic male first gonopod structure. This is the sixth species of Geosesarma reported from Sarawak, and the first member of the genus collected from inside caves.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  4. Fulltext Malaysian Consensus Guidelines on Antiretroviral Therapy 2017
    Citation: Malaysian Consensus Guidelines on Antiretroviral Therapy 2017. Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian Society for HIV Medicine; 2017
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  5. Fulltext A preliminary study on the effectiveness of new students’ adjustment to university
    Ismail N, Khalid MKA
    Journal of Academia Universiti Teknologi MARA Negeri Sembilan, 2019;7(1):37-44.
    MyJurnal
    Adjustment among new students at the university plays an important role in determining their success at university. This study showed one of the reasons students fail to complete their study is due to adjustment problems. Students found to be unable to deal with the challenges and demands on campus and experience a variety of problems that some of them failed to proceed to the next semester. The population of the study consist of 143 First Semester Diploma students in the Faculty of Business and Management studies at Universiti Teknologi MARA Pahang Raub Campus. The instrument used is questionnaires. There are four subscales designed to measure the effectiveness of student adjustment to university that are academic adjustment, social adjustment, personal (emotional) adjustment and institutional commitment. The study shows that adaptability on campus has a relationship with psychosocial abilities possessed by the students. Among the psychosocial abilities have a positive and significant impact on student adjustment is emotional intelligence, coping, and social support. All three of these psychosocial capabilities found to play an important role in helping students adjust at the university. Thus, the university must take proactive steps to develop emotional intelligence, coping and social support among new students to improve their adaptability
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  6. Fulltext Prurigo Nodularis and Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: A Rare Association
    Go, Zher Lin, Low, Qin Jian, Nurul Aisyah Abd Rahman, Ng, Ling Fong, Faizah Ahmad, Lau, Ngee Siang
    Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences, 2019;13(3):59-63.
    MyJurnal
    Prurigo nodularis (PN) is an uncommon skin condition known to be associated with underlying systemic diseases. This case report is about PN secondary to underlying Hodgkin’s lymphoma. A 30-year-old man presented with this skin condition three months before lymphadenopathy and systemic symptoms due to lymphoma. He had made multiple visits to general practitioners for the disturbing rash, given multiple courses of topical treatment without relief. His PN showed marked improvement after initiation of chemotherapy. This case reminds that an unexplained skin condition should prompt clinicians for investigating for an underlying systemic disease. This case, to our knowledge, is the first Hodgkin’s lymphoma-associated prurigo nodularis reported in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  7. Fulltext A review on Malaysia's solar energy pathway towards carbon-neutral Malaysia beyond Covid'19 pandemic
    Vaka M, Walvekar R, Rasheed AK, Khalid M
    J Clean Prod, 2020 Nov 10;273:122834.
    PMID: 32834565 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122834
    COVID'19 pandemic has devastated several industries and solar energy is no exception. In its economic relief package, Malaysia has announced approximately US$ 2.9 billion in expenditure for the installation of new grids, LED street lights and rooftop solar panels. The Government will also open the tender for a 1400 MW solar power project in the year 2020, which is expected to generate 5 billion ringgit (US$1.1 billion) in investments. As these measures are intended to sustain the existing growth of solar energy potential in the country, it is vital to assess its status quo. Hence, this paper aims to review the current status of renewable energy in Malaysia as well as the initiatives taken before the pandemic to promote solar photovoltaic (PV) technology to meet the energy demands through the low-carbon pathway.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  8. Fulltext Unravelling the myths of R0 in controlling the dynamics of COVID-19 outbreak: A modelling perspective
    Mohd MH, Sulayman F
    Chaos Solitons Fractals, 2020 Sep;138:109943.
    PMID: 32834577 DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2020.109943
    COVID-19 is an emerging and rapidly evolving pandemic around the world, which causes severe acute respiratory syndrome and results in substantial morbidity and mortality. To examine the transmission dynamics of COVID-19, we investigate the spread of this pandemic using Malaysia as a case study and scrutinise its interactions with some exogenous factors such as limited medical resources and false detection problems. To do this, we employ a simple epidemiological model and analyse this system using modelling and dynamical systems techniques. We discover some contrasting findings with respect to the observations of basic reproduction number: while it is observed that R0 seems to provide a good description of transmission dynamics in simple outbreak scenarios, this quantity might mislead the assessment on the severity of pandemic when certain complexities such as limited medical resources and false detection problems are incorporated into the model. In particular, we observe the possibility of a COVID-19 outbreak through bistable behaviour, even when the basic reproduction number is less than unity. Based on these findings, we caution policy makers not to make their decisions solely based on the guidance of the basic reproduction number only, which clearly could cause trouble.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  9. Pattern of antibiotic prophylaxis practice for dental procedures in children with congenital heart disease
    Sharif JM, Raja Shahardin RZ, Sockalingam G
    J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent, 2020 7 3;38(2):126-131.
    PMID: 32611857 DOI: 10.4103/JISPPD.JISPPD_235_18
    Background: Various antibiotic prophylaxis guidelines have been published such as the American Heart Association 2007, British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2006, National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence 2008, European Society of Cardiology 2015, and in Malaysia, the National Antibiotic Guideline 2014 and Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Prevention, Diagnosis and Management of Infective Endocarditis 2017. The aim of the study is to determine the pattern of antibiotic prophylaxis practice for dental procedure in children with congenital heart disease (CHD) at the Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Kuala Lumpur Hospital.

    Materials and Methods: A comparative cross-sectional study of dental records from 2010 to 2015 was done by collecting data on the source and reason of referral, types of heart condition, dental procedure, and antibiotic given.

    Results: There were 210 patients; 69.5% had acyanotic CHD, 21.9% cyanotic CHD, 6.7% repaired CHD with residual defects, and 1.9% with previous infective endocarditis. Slightly more than 58% were referred from government doctors (pediatric cardiologist and National Heart Institute). The common cause for referral was dental assessment (47.6%). Antibiotics were prescribed to 23.3% (49/210) patients, of which, 34.7% was given ampicillin or amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. About 96% of cyanotic heart cases undergoing invasive dental procedures were prescribed antibiotic prophylaxis. Almost 31% were prescribed with antibiotic prophylaxis even though it was not indicated.

    Conclusion: This study shows that there is variability in prescribing antibiotic prophylaxis, and it is important for dental clinicians to standardize the practice of giving antibiotic prophylaxis.

    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  10. Fulltext Proper musical activities during music instructional process for gifted and talented students in Malaysia
    Md Jais Ismail, Rorlinda Yusuf, Loo, Fung Chiat
    Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2018;3(5):30-40.
    MyJurnal
    Previous studies approved that not all lesson activities are suitable for gifted and talented students.
    This study is designed to identify what are the proper musical activities that can fill the needs of gifted
    and talented students in Malaysia. The research sample is among gifted and talented students from the
    whole Malaysia who are studying in Pusat PERMATApintar Negara. Result in this study may be used
    as reference for educators who want to teach music on gifted and talented children, so that educators
    may choose the right and effective activities to implement on those children. Therefore, the researcher
    collects data using Focus Group Discussion Techique,and Indepth Interview on gifted and talented
    children who had experienced music in formal class. Observation is also conducted in music classes in
    Pusat PERMATApintar Negara to identify their behavioral on the musical activities conducted. Result
    reveals that all the students believe the most proper musical activities are playing musical instruments, performance, music theory and singing. Teachers may attract students’ attention by using interactive
    learning apparatus, relates theory and practical, and justify the importance of music study.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  11. Fulltext The roles and challenges of the national language in uniting the various ethnic groups in Sabah
    Sharifah Darmia Sharif Adam
    Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 2019;4(4):1-11.
    MyJurnal
    This paper discusses the roles and challenges of the national language, which is Malay as a language in
    uniting the various ethnic groups in Sabah. On September 16, 1963, the Federation of Malaysia was
    officially declared which comprised of the Malay States, Singapore, Sabah and Sarawak. In line with
    that, the special provisions on the national language in Sabah are contained in Article 161 of the
    national constitution. Although the provision of the constitution clarify that Sabah was given a 10-year
    period to use Malay and English as the official languages but later on September 16, 1973 the Malay language was declared the sole official language for the state of Sabah. Hence, various efforts have
    been made by the government to ensure the national language can play its role as a language that can
    unite the various ethnic groups in Sabah. However, ethnic diversity with their own ethnic mother
    tongue languages has resulted in the Malay language as a national language as well as the language of
    unity to face many challenges. Therefore, the discussion in this paper is focused on policies undertaken
    by the government to strengthen the national language in various fields in Sabah and the challenges
    faced by the national language to foster unity among the various ethnic communities in the state. This
    study was conducted using a qualitative analysis approach and used archive study methods as well as
    library study to obtain research information sources. This study will produce an analysis that can be
    used as a reference to improve or formulate policies particularly in matters that benefit in strengthening
    the multi-ethnic communities in Sabah.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  12. Fast and robust parameter estimaation in the application of fuzzy logistic equations in population growth
    Nor Atirah Izzah Zulkefli, Yeak Su Hoe, Normah Maan
    MATEMATIKA, 2019;35(2):249-259.
    MyJurnal
    In this paper, extended Runge-Kutta fourth order method for directly solving the fuzzy logistic problem is presented. The extended Runge-Kutta method has lower number of function evaluations, compared with the classical Runge-Kutta method. The numerical robustness of the method in parameter estimation is enhanced via error minimization in predicting growth rate and carrying capacity. The results of fuzzy logistic model with the estimated parameters have been compared with population growth data in Malaysia, which indicate that this method is more accurate that the data population. Numerical example is given to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed model. It is concluded that robust parameter estimation technique is efficient in modelling population growth.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  13. Fulltext Prevalence of HIV among men who have sex with men (MSM) and its associated factors in Sabah
    Valentine J G, Diane C, Chua Y W
    Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences, 2019;2(101):27-28.
    MyJurnal
    Men who have sex with men (MSM) is one of the key populations affected by HIV epidemic with infection rates exceeding five percentages. Due to a strict and prohibitive socio-cultural and legal environment, male-to-male sexual practices are often misunderstood and highly stigmatised, thus creating barriers for MSM to access HIV prevention, treatment, care and support services.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  14. Fulltext Refractive outcome after cataract surgery in Hospital Keningau, Sabah
    Yahya AN, Sit JA, Raman S
    Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences, 2019;2(101):19-20.
    MyJurnal
    The success of cataract surgery is accessed by the improvement in visual acuity and accuracy of the post-operation refractive outcome against the pre-operation refractive target. Hence, the benchmark of 85% of patients achieving a final spherical equivalent within 1D of the desired target is used to monitor the refractive outcome. Meanwhile, the unaided visual acuity threshold of 6/12 after cataract operation is chosen as a yardstick because it allows patients to perform instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) independently without relying on spectacles.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  15. Evaluation of air quality in Sunway City, Selangor, Malaysia from a mobile monitoring campaign using air pollution micro-sensors
    Lee CC, Tran MV, Choo CW, Tan CP, Chiew YS
    Environ Pollut, 2020 Oct;265(Pt A):115058.
    PMID: 32806396 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115058
    Due to the increase of the human population and the rapid industrial growth in the past few decades, air quality monitoring is essential to assess the pollutant levels of an area. However, monitoring air quality in a high-density area like Sunway City, Selangor, Malaysia is challenging due to the limitation of the local monitoring network. To establish a comprehensive data for air pollution in Sunway City, a mobile monitoring campaign was employed around the city area with a duration of approximately 6 months, from September 2018 to March 2019. Measurements of air pollutants such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) were performed by using mobile air pollution sensors facilitated with a GPS device. In order to acquire a more in-depth understanding on traffic-related air pollution, the measurement period was divided into two different time blocks, which were morning hours (8 a.m.-12 p.m.) and afternoon hours (3 p.m.-7 p.m.). The data set was analysed by splitting Sunway City into different zones and routes to differentiate the conditions of each region. Meteorological variables such as ambient temperature, relative humidity, and wind speed were studied in line with the pollutant concentrations. The air quality in Sunway City was then compared with various air quality standards such as Malaysian Air Quality Standards and World Health Organisation (WHO) guidelines to understand the risk of exposure to air pollution by the residence in Sunway City.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  16. Isotope constraints of the strong influence of biomass burning to climate-forcing Black Carbon aerosols over Southeast Asia
    Liu J, Andersson A, Zhong G, Geng X, Ding P, Zhu S, et al.
    Sci Total Environ, 2020 Jul 03;744:140359.
    PMID: 32688001 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140359
    Black Carbon (BC) deteriorates air quality and contributes to climate warming, yet its regionally- and seasonally-varying emission sources are poorly constrained. Here we employ natural abundance radiocarbon (14C) measurements of BC intercepted at a northern Malaysia regional receptor site, Bachok, to quantify the relative biomass vs. fossil source contributions of atmospheric BC, in a first year-round study for SE Asia (December 2015-December 2016). The annual average 14C signature suggests as large contributions from biomass burning as from fossil fuel combustion. This is similar to findings from analogous measurements at S Asian receptors sites (~50% biomass burning), while E Asia sites are dominated by fossil emission (~20% biomass burning). The 14C-based source fingerprinting of BC in the dry spring season in SE Asia signals an even more elevated biomass burning contribution (~70% or even higher), presumably from forest, shrub and agricultural fires. This is consistent with this period showing also elevated ratio of organic carbon to BC (up from ~5 to 30) and estimates of BC emissions from satellite fire data. Hence, the present study emphasizes the importance of mitigating dry season vegetation fires in SE Asia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  17. Fulltext Data on biology and demographic parameters of the Aedes albopictus from dengue outbreaks in Klang Valley, Malaysia
    Dom NC, Alhothily IA, Camalxaman SN, Ismail SNS
    Data Brief, 2020 Aug;31:105882.
    PMID: 32642511 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.105882
    In this article, data on the demographic parameters of the Aedes albopictus were collected from those areas in Shah Alam, Malaysia that had experienced a dengue outbreak. The surveys were conducted from March to December 2017. The eggs of the Ae. albopictus were collected using ovitraps, and were analysed based on the demographic parameters in a controlled environment in an insectarium. The data were comprised of four types of biological information on the life demographic parameters of the Ae. albopictus that were monitored based on specific localities. The data were inferred information regarding egg productivity (n), egg development (%), immature development (days), and survivorship (days).
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  18. Fulltext Dataset of driving behaviours in Selangor, Malaysia
    You HW, Abdul Rahman A, Hendri Dwisatrya LH
    Data Brief, 2020 Aug;31:105783.
    PMID: 32642504 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.105783
    Road traffic accidents have been recognised as a leading cause of death, and one of the prominent public health problems. The human factor, which is the driving behaviour in particular, is said to be the main cause. In line with this, the objective of this research is to present a data article on the response of driving behaviours among drivers. Driving behaviours have been classified into five dimensions, which are speeding, improper overtaking, mobile phone use while driving, tail-gating and disobeying traffic lights. A quantitative study was conducted with a sample size of 160 drivers consisting of residents in a suburban of Selangor, Malaysia. A stratified random sampling method was adopted to identify the respondents. Data analysis was presented in the form of descriptive statistics and tables. The findings show that the majority of respondents agreed that they have driving behaviours that involve improper overtaking, tail-gating and disobeying traffic lights.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  19. Fulltext Effects of substratum and depth on benthic harmful dinoflagellate assemblages
    Lee LK, Lim ZF, Gu H, Chan LL, Litaker RW, Tester PA, et al.
    Sci Rep, 2020 07 09;10(1):11251.
    PMID: 32647125 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68136-6
    Microhabitats influence the distribution and abundance of benthic harmful dinoflagellate (BHAB) species. Currently, much of the information on the relationships between BHABs and microhabitat preferences is based on non-quantitative anecdotal observations, many of which are contradictory. The goal of this study was to better quantify BHAB and microhabitat relationships using a statistically rigorous approach. Between April 2016 to May 2017, a total of 243 artificial substrate samplers were deployed at five locations in the Perhentian Islands, Malaysia while simultaneous photo-quadrat surveys were performed to characterize the benthic substrates present at each sampling site. The screen samplers were retrieved 24 h later and the abundances of five BHAB genera, Gambierdiscus, Ostreopsis, Coolia, Amphidinium, and Prorocentrum were determined. Substrate data were then analyzed using a Bray-Curtis dissimilarity matrix to statistically identify distinct microhabitat types. Although BHABs were associated with a variety of biotic and abiotic substrates, the results of this study demonstrated differing degrees of microhabitat preference. Analysis of the survey results using canonical correspondence analysis explained 70.5% (horizontal first axis) and 21.6% (vertical second axis) of the constrained variation in the distribution of various genera among microhabitat types. Prorocentrum and Coolia appear to have the greatest range being broadly distributed among a wide variety of microhabitats. Amphidinium was always found in low abundances and was widely distributed among microhabitats dominated by hard coral, turf algae, sand and silt, and fleshy algae and reached the highest abundances there. Gambierdiscus and Ostreopsis had more restricted distributions. Gambierdiscus were found preferentially associated with turf algae, hard coral and, to a lesser extent, fleshy macroalgae microhabitats. Ostreopsis, almost always more abundant than Gambierdiscus, preferred the same microhabitats as Gambierdiscus and were found in microbial mats as well. With similar habitat preferences Ostreopsis may serve as an indicator organism for the presence of Gambierdiscus. This study provides insight into how BHAB-specific microhabitat preferences can affect toxicity risks.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
  20. A new acroeimerian (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) in spotted house gecko, Gekko monarchus (Schlegel) (Sauria: Gekkonidae) from Peninsular Malaysia
    McAllister CT, Hnida JA, Fisher SR, Del Pinto LA, Quah ESH
    Syst Parasitol, 2020 10;97(5):529-534.
    PMID: 32813222 DOI: 10.1007/s11230-020-09929-1
    A new species of Acroeimeria Paperna & Landsberg, 1989 is described from the spotted house gecko, Gekko monarchus (Schlegel) from Peninsular Malaysia. Oöcysts of Acroeimeria grismeri n. sp. are spheroidal to subspheroidal with a smooth bi-layered wall, measure on average 18.4 × 17.3 µm, and have a length/width (L/W) ratio of 1.1; a micropyle and an oöcyst residuum are absent but variable polar granule(s) are present, commonly in Brownian movement. Sporocysts are ellipsoidal and measure on average 8.6 × 6.7 µm, L/W 1.3; Stieda, sub-Stieda and para-Stieda bodies are absent. The sporocyst residuum is composed of numerous spheroidal granules in the center of the sporocyst. This is the initial species of coccidian reported from G. monarchus and one of the few reported from any reptile from Peninsular Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia
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