Displaying publications 601 - 620 of 640 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Fulltext DNA Adsorption Studies of Poly(4,4'-Cychlohexylidene Bisphenol Oxalate)/Silica Nanocomposites
    Al Balawi AN, Yusof NA, Kamaruzaman S, Mohammad F, Wasoh H, Al-Lohedan HA
    Materials (Basel), 2019 Apr 11;12(7).
    PMID: 30978916 DOI: 10.3390/ma12071178
    The present study deals with the synthesis, characterization, and DNA extraction of poly(4,4'-cyclohexylidene bisphenol oxalate)/silica (Si) nanocomposites (NCs). The effects of varying the monomer/Si (3.7%, 7%, and 13%) ratio towards the size and morphology of the resulting NC and its DNA extraction capabilities have also been studied. For the NC synthesis, two different methods were followed, including the direct mixing of poly(4,4'-cyclohexylidene bisphenol oxalate) with fumed Si, and in situ polymerization of the 4,4'-cyclohexylidene bisphenol monomer in the presence of fumed silica (11 nm). The formed NCs were thoroughly investigated by using different techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), powdered X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis where the results supported that there was the successful formation of poly(4,4'-cyclohexylidene bisphenol oxalate)/Si NC. Within the three different NC samples, the one with 13% Si was found to maintain a very high surface area of 12.237 m²/g, as compared to the other two samples consisting of 7% Si (3.362 m²/g) and 3.7% Si (1.788 m²/g). Further, the solid phase DNA extraction studies indicated that the efficiency is strongly influenced by the amount of polymer (0.2 g > 0.1 g > 0.02 g) and the type of binding buffer. Among the three binding buffers tested, the guanidine hydrochloride/EtOH buffer produced the most satisfactory results in terms of yield (1,348,000 ng) and extraction efficiency (3370 ng/mL) as compared to the other two buffers of NaCl (2 M) and phosphate buffered silane. Based on our results, it can be indicated that the developed poly(4,4'-cyclohexylidene bisphenol oxalate)/Si NC can serve as one of the suitable candidates for the extraction of DNA in high amounts as compared to other traditional solid phase approaches.
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
  2. Fulltext The Cytotoxic Properties of Baeckea frutescens Branches Extracts in Eliminating Breast Cancer Cells
    Shahruzaman SH, Mustafa MF, Ramli S, Maniam S, Fakurazi S, Maniam S
    Evid Based Complement Alternat Med, 2019;2019:9607590.
    PMID: 31178918 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9607590
    Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in women in over 100 countries worldwide and accounts for almost 1 in 4 cancer cases among women. Baeckea frutescens of the family Myrtaceae has been used in traditional medicine and is known to possess antibacterial, antipyretic, and cytoprotective properties. In this study, we investigated the role of Baeckea frutescens branches extracts against human breast cancer cells. Baeckea frutescens branches extracts were prepared using Soxhlet apparatus with solvents of different polarity. The selective cytotoxic activity and the glucose consumption rate of Baeckea frutescens branches extracts of various concentrations (20 to 160 ug/ml) at 24-, 48-, and 72-hour time points were studied using MTT and glucose uptake assay. The IC50 values in human breast cancer (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) and mammary breast (MCF10A) cell lines were determined. Apoptotic study using AO/PI double staining was performed using fluorescent microscopy. The glucose uptake was measured using 2-NBDG, a fluorescent glucose analogue. The phytochemical screening of major secondary metabolites in plants was performed. This study reports that Baeckea frutescens branches extracts showed potent selective cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cells compared to MDA-MB-231 cells after 72 hours of treatment. Evidence of early apoptosis which includes membrane blebbing and chromatin condensation was observed after 72 hours of treatment with Baeckea frutescens branches extracts. Interestingly, for the glucose uptake assay, the inhibition was observed as early as 24 hours upon treatment. All Baeckea frutescens extracts showed the presence of major secondary metabolites such as tannin, triterpenoid, flavonoid, and phenol. However, alkaloid level was unable to be determined. The identification of Baeckea frutescens and its possible role in selectively inhibiting glucose consumption in breast cancer cells defines a new role of natural product that can be utilised as an effective agent that regulates metabolic reprogramming in breast cancer.
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
  3. Fulltext Decoding Antioxidant and Antibacterial Potentials of Malaysian Green Seaweeds: Caulerpa racemosa and Caulerpa lentillifera
    Yap WF, Tay V, Tan SH, Yow YY, Chew J
    Antibiotics (Basel), 2019 Sep 17;8(3).
    PMID: 31533237 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics8030152
    Seaweeds are gaining a considerable amount of attention for their antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Caulerpa racemosa and Caulerpa lentillifera, also known as 'sea grapes', are green seaweeds commonly found in different parts of the world, but the antioxidant and antibacterial potentials of Malaysian C. racemosa and C. lentillifera have not been thoroughly explored. In this study, crude extracts of the seaweeds were prepared using chloroform, methanol, and water. Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were measured, followed by in vitro antioxidant activity determination using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay. Antibacterial activities of these extracts were tested against Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and neuropathogenic Escherichia coli K1. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LCMS) analysis was then used to determine the possible compounds present in the extract with the most potent antioxidant and antibacterial activity. Results showed that C. racemosa chloroform extract had the highest TPC (13.41 ± 0.86 mg GAE/g), antioxidant effect (EC50 at 0.65 ± 0.03 mg/mL), and the strongest antibacterial effect (97.7 ± 0.30%) against MRSA. LCMS analysis proposed that the chloroform extracts of C. racemosa are mainly polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fatty acids, terpenes, and alkaloids. In conclusion, C. racemosa can be a great source of novel antioxidant and antibacterial agents, but isolation and purification of the bioactive compounds are needed to study their mechanism of action.
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
  4. The Impact of Plant Bioactive Compounds on Aging and Fertility of Diverse Organisms: A Review
    Noordin MAM, Noor MM, Aizat WM
    Mini Rev Med Chem, 2020;20(13):1287-1299.
    PMID: 32348218 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666200429101942
    It is expected that in 2050, there will be more than 20% of senior citizens aged over 60 years worldwide. Such alarming statistics require immediate attention to improve the health of the aging population. Since aging is closely related to the loss of antioxidant defense mechanisms, this situation eventually leads to numerous health problems, including fertility reduction. Furthermore, plant extracts have been used in traditional medicine as potent antioxidant sources. Although many experiments had reported the impact of various bioactive compounds on aging or fertility, there is a lack of review papers that combine both subjects. In this review, we have collected and discussed various bioactive compounds from 26 different plant species known to affect both longevity and fertility. These compounds, including phenolics and terpenes, are mostly involved in the antioxidant defense mechanisms of diverse organisms such as rats, mites, fruit flies, roundworms, and even roosters. A human clinical trial should be considered in the future to measure the effects of these bioactive compounds on human health and longevity. Ultimately, these plant-derived compounds could be developed into health supplements or potential medical drugs to ensure a healthy aging population.
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
  5. Fulltext Phyllanthus SP a local plant with multiple medicinal properties
    Tang YQ, Lee SH, Sekaran SD
    JUMMEC, 2014;17(2):1-8.
    MyJurnal
    The plants of the genus Phyllanthus (Euphorbiaceae) are distributed in most tropical and subtropical regions of world. This plant has been long used as a traditional medicine to treat problems such as stomach, intestinal infections, kidney and urinary bladder disturbances, diabetes, and hepatitis B. There has been considerable interest in these plants in recent years. This review discusses the antiviral and anticancer aspects of Phyllanthus species. Scientific studies have demonstrated that extracts and purified isolated compounds (flavonoids, lignans, phenols, and terpenes) obtained from these plants possess antiviral effects against herpes simplex (HSV) and dengue virus infections (DENV). These observations are associated with the disruption of essential proteins needed during viral cycle, thus halting the viral replication. In addition, the Phyllanthus species have also been shown to exert inhibitory effects against selected cancers types. In these studies anti-proliferative, anti-metastatic, anti-angiogenic effects and induced apoptosis of human cancers cell lines were observed. These may be explained by the disruption of multiple survival pathways and differential protein expression. CONLCUSION:As a conclusion, tThe Phyllanthus plant possesses multiple medicinal properties, including antiviral and anticancer activities which may potentially be used as a medicinal source for many disease locally.
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
  6. Fulltext Effect of extraction solvents on antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of fenugreek seeds (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.)
    Norziah, M.H., Bhat, R., Ahmad, M.
    International Food Research Journal, 2015;22(3):1261-1271.
    MyJurnal
    The present study was aimed to investigate the efficacy of fenugreek seeds as a potential natural source of antioxidants and antimicrobials. Fenugreek seed (FS) extracts were prepared using ethanol (75%), methanol (75%) and water as extraction solvents. Ethanol (E-FSP), methanol (M-FSP), water (W-FSP) and hot water (HW-FSP) extracts were obtained from ground FS, whilst water extract (W-GeFS) was obtained from germinated FS. The results revealed that all extracts of the ground FS exhibited antioxidant and antimicrobial activities and the extractability of bioactive compounds in the presence of water was higher in germinated seeds (W-GeFS). Highest phenolic (156.3 mg GAE/ g) and flavonoid (38.5 mg CE/ g) contents were found in W-GeFS. It also showed the strongest DPPH radical-scavenging activity of 68 % inhibition at a lower concentration (0.06 mg/ ml). In addition, highest vitamin C equivalent antioxidant capacity (143.28 mg vitamin C/ g) with an IC50 value of 42.1 μg/ ml were found in W-GeFS. Based on disc diffusion method, W-GeFS exhibited highest antimicrobial activity against all tested bacterial pathogens (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli). Thus, it can be concluded from the results that W-GeFS extract from germinating fenugreek seeds (W-GeFS) has the potential to be used as a natural source of bioactive compounds with varied applications in food industry especially, for active film packaging purposes to prolong the shelf-life of food products.
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
  7. Fulltext Antioxidant properties and antiproliferative effect of brewers’ rice extract (temukut) on selected cancer cell lines
    Tan, B.L., Suhaniza, H.J., Lai, C. C., Norazalina, S., Roselina, K., Norhaizan, M.E.
    International Food Research Journal, 2013;20(5):2117-2124.
    MyJurnal
    Temukut, or brewers’ rice, is a mixture of broken rice, rice bran, and rice germ. Extensive studies have been conducted on rice bran, which possesses various health benefits. Temukut, however has been less well studied. The present study aimed to investigate the antioxidant and growth inhibition properties of temukut extract using colon cancer (HT-29), ovary cancer (Caov-3), and liver cancer (HepG2) cell lines. The antioxidant activity was determined by the β-carotene bleaching assay, analysis of the DPPH radical scavenging capacity, and a FRAP assay. The total phenolic compounds, oryzanol, vitamin E, and phytic acid levels in temukut were also investigated. The antiproliferative activity was evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. There was a significant difference in the cytotoxicity of two types of temukut extract (water and methanol) for HT-29 and Caov-3 cells (p < 0.05) but not for HepG2 cells. The HepG2 cell line is the least sensitive to temukut, (IC50 = 55.30 μg/mL), whereas the highest sensitivity was observed in Caov-3 cells (IC50 =36.67 μg/mL). No cytotoxic effect of temukut was observed on normal cells (BalBlc3T3). Although the content of the phytochemicals studied (total phenolic compounds, vitamin E, oryzanol, and phytic acid) in temukut was lower than that in rice bran, as has been previously reported, the present study demonstrated temukut’s potential to inhibit the proliferation of HT-29, Caov-3, and HepG2 cells.
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
  8. Fulltext Phenolics, flavonoids content and antioxidant activities of 4 Malaysian herbal plants
    Azizah Othman, Nor Juwariah Mukhtar, Nurul Syakirin Ismail, Sui Kiat Chang
    International Food Research Journal, 2014;21(2):759-766.
    MyJurnal
    Water and ethanolic extracts of four Malaysian local herbs, Tenggek burung (Melicope Iunu-ankenda), Kesum (Polygonum minus), Curry leave (Murraya Koenigii) and Salam (Eugenia polyantha) were investigated for their total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoids content (TFC) and antioxidant activities (AA). Total phenolic content (TPC) of the herbs was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent assay while the total flavonoid content (TFC) was determined based on aluminium chloride-flavonoid assay. The determination of AA was done using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activitiy and β-carotene bleaching assays (BCB). Different extraction solvents significantly affected the TPC, TFC and AA of all herbs studied (p < 0.05). Both Tenggek burung and Kesum showed highest TPC, TFC and AA regardless of extraction solvents compared to Curry leave and Salam. All herbs showed strong positive correlation between TPC and DPPH assay. However, negative and low correlation between TFC and AA were obtained for all herbs studied. This showed that phenolic compounds of certain structures were responsible for the AA of all the herbs in this study. In conclusion, all herbs in this study except curry leave could be inexpensive sources of good natural antioxidants with nutraceutical potential in food industry.
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
  9. Fulltext Antioxidant, antimicrobial activity and in-vitro cytotoxicity screening study of Pili nut oil
    Zarinah, Z., Maaruf, A.G., Nazaruddin, R., Wong, W.W.W., Xuebing, X.
    International Food Research Journal, 2014;21(1):309-316.
    MyJurnal
    Some vegetable oils contain natural antioxidants such as beta carotene and vitamin E namely alpha tocopherol. The objective of this study was to screening the value of α-tocopherol, β-carotene, antioxidant capacity, antimicrobial activity and toxicological properties of roasted pili nut oil (RPNO) and unroasted pili nut oil (UPNO). The result showed that RPNO contained higher amount of vitamin E and less amount of beta carotene compared to UPNO. RPNO and UPNO scavenged DPPH radicals by 24.66% and 9.52% at concentration of 140 μg/ml. The total phenolic compound (TPC) in UPNO and RPNO were about 19.96 ± 0.52 mg/kg and 12.43 ± 0.69 mg/kg respectively. It was observed that bacteria species exhibited different sensitivities towards RPNO, UPNO, Gentamycin, Ampicillin and Chloramphenicol. Bacillus cereus 14570 was the most sensitive bacterium and all strains of Staphylococcus aureus tested were resistant against both samples RPNO and UPNO. An in vitro toxicological study based on the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) cytotoxicity assay was also performed. In vitro cytotoxicity indicated that both RPNO and UPNO had no effect against HeLa (cervical cancer cell), MCF-7 (breast cancer cell) and HT-29 (human colon adenocarcinoma cell) cell lines tested.
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
  10. Fulltext Highly Active Cellulose-Supported Poly(hydroxamic acid)-Cu(II) Complex for Ullmann Etherification
    Jian Fui C, Xin Ting T, Sarjadi MS, Amin Z, Sarkar SM, Musta B, et al.
    ACS Omega, 2021 Mar 16;6(10):6766-6779.
    PMID: 33748590 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05840
    Highly active natural pandanus-extracted cellulose-supported poly(hydroxamic acid)-Cu(II) complex 4 was synthesized. The surface of pandanus cellulose was modified through graft copolymerization using purified methyl acrylate as a monomer. Then, copolymer methyl acrylate was converted into a bidentate chelating ligand poly(hydroxamic acid) via a Loosen rearrangement in the presence of an aqueous solution of hydroxylamine. Finally, copper species were incorporated into poly(hydroxamic acid) via the adsorption process. Cu(II) complex 4 was fully characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses. The cellulose-supported Cu(II) complex 4 was successfully applied (0.005 mol %) to the Ullmann etherification of aryl, benzyl halides, and phenacyl bromide with a number of aromatic phenols to provide the corresponding ethers with excellent yield [benzyl halide (70-99%); aryl halide (20-90%)]. Cu(II) complex 4 showed high stability and was easily recovered from the reaction mixture. It could be reused up to seven times without loss of its original catalytic activity. Therefore, Cu(II) complex 4 can be commercially utilized for the preparation of various ethers, and this synthetic technique could be a part in the synthesis of natural products and medicinal compounds.
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
  11. Fulltext The stingless bee honey protects against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative damage and lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation in vitro
    Ooi TC, Yaacob M, Rajab NF, Shahar S, Sharif R
    Saudi J Biol Sci, 2021 May;28(5):2987-2994.
    PMID: 34025176 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.02.039
    Oxidative stress, DNA damage, and unresolved inflammation are the predisposing factors of many chronic and degenerative diseases, including cancer. Stingless bee honey (SBH) is recognized to have high medicinal value by traditional medicine practitioners and has been used to treat various illnesses traditionally. This study aimed to determine the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and genoprotective effects of SBH by using in vitro cell culture models. The sugar content, total phenolic content, radical scavenging activity, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of SBH were determined in this study. Then, the protective effect of SBH against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced cell death and DNA damage was studied by using WIL2-NS human lymphoblastoid cell line, while the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 murine macrophages cell line was used to study the anti-inflammatory effects of SBH. Results from this present study showed that the major sugar contents of SBH were fructose (19.39 + 0.01%) and glucose (14.03 ± 0.03%). Besides, the total phenolic content, the radical scavenging activity, and the FRAP value of SBH were 15.38 ± 0.02 mg GAE/100 g of honey, 34.04 ± 0.21%, and 206.77 + 1.76 μM AAE/100 g honey respectively. Pretreatment with SBH protected WIL2-NS cells from H2O2-induced cell death and DNA damage (p 
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
  12. Fulltext Antihyperglycaemic and Toxicological Evaluations of Extract and Fractions of Gynura procumbens Leaves
    Algariri K, Atangwho IJ, Meng KY, Asmawi MZ, Sadikun A, Murugaiyah V
    Trop Life Sci Res, 2014 Aug;25(1):75-93.
    PMID: 25210589 MyJurnal
    The acute and sub-chronic antihyperglycaemic activity, safety margin evaluations and chemical composition of ethanol extract (EE) and fractions of Gynura procumbens (GP) were studied. Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats (SDRs) and the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) guidelines 425 and 407 were used in the antidiabetic and toxicity studies, respectively. Biochemical and haematological data obtained from both acute and sub-chronic procedures suggest that the extract is safe at the limit test dose (2000 mg/kg); thus, the oral lethal dose (LD50) exceeds 2000 mg/kg. The acceptable daily intake (ADI) was determined to be 700 mg/kg/day. In the acute antihyperglycaemic study, the n-butanol fraction (n-BF) was found to consistently lower glucose levels the most effectively, which was also demonstrated in the 14-day study. Not only did the n-BF show the highest dose-dependent glucose-lowering action (51.2% and 62.0% at 500 mg/kg and 1000 mg/kg, respectively), its effect was the closest to that of metformin (63.6%, p<0.05). The estimated amount of flavonoids in n-BF were 62.90% and 79.68% higher than the ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) and aqueous fraction (AF), respectively (p<0.05), with a corresponding value of 61.22% and 49.33% for phenolics (p<0.05). GP leaves have a no-observed-adverse-effect-level (NOAEL) and antihyperglycaemic activity corresponding to the high content of phenols and flavonoids. Therefore, GP leaves are a promising source of new antidiabetic natural products.
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
  13. Fulltext Antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Rhoeo spathacea (Swartz) Stearn leaves
    Tan JB, Lim YY, Lee SM
    J Food Sci Technol, 2015 Apr;52(4):2394-400.
    PMID: 25829624 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-013-1236-z
    The decoction and infusion of Rhoeo spathacea (Swartz) Stearn leaves have been recognized as a functional food particularly in South America, but has not yet gained international popularity as a beverage. The primary aim of this study was to establish the viability of R. spathacea aqueous leaf extracts as a beverage, in terms of its antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity. The antioxidant contents of aqueous and methanol leaf extracts were evaluated by the total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) assays. The antioxidant activities measured were DPPH radical scavenging activity (FRS), ferric reducing power (FRP) and ferrous ion chelating (FIC) activity. The aqueous leaf extracts in the forms of decoction and infusion, were found to have comparable TPC and antioxidant activity with other herbal teas previously reported by our research group. Both decoction and infusion also exhibited antibacterial activity against six species of Gram positive and four species of Gram negative bacteria, notably methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. A total of four different known phenolic compounds were identified by HPLC and MS, three of which have not been previously reported to be found in this plant. Both the decoction and infusion of the leaves R. spathacea have potential to be popularized into a common beverage.
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
  14. Detrimental effects of bisphenol A on development and functions of the male reproductive system in experimental rats
    Gurmeet K, Rosnah I, Normadiah MK, Das S, Mustafa AM
    EXCLI J, 2014;13:151-60.
    PMID: 26417249
    Bisphenol A (BPA) is widely used in manufacturing industries. It is commonly detected in the environment and was reported to exert oestrogenic effects which may be harmful to the reproductive system. The present study was carried out to observe the effects of oral administration of BPA on the development of the reproductive organs and plasma sex hormone levels in prepubertal male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Prepubertal male SD rats (n=8 in each group) were administered BPA in the doses of 1, 5, 10 and 100 mg/kg BW (body weight) via oral gavage for a period of 6 weeks. The control animals received the vehicle for BPA (Tween 80 in distilled water). Following 6 weeks of BPA exposure, the rats exhibited less evidence of spermatogenesis. There was seminiferous epithelial damage which included disruption of intercellular junctions and sloughing of germ cells into the seminiferous tubular lumen. Furthermore, the lumina of the seminiferous tubules and the epididymis of these animals were filled with immature germ cells and cellular debris. This damage may lead to the significant reduction in the seminiferous tubular diameter in BPA-treated animals. These findings were associated with the significant lower plasma testosterone and 17β-oestradiol levels. There was no significant difference between the body weight gain, the absolute as well as relative testis weight or epididymal weight of BPA-treated animals when compared to the control animals. The findings provided further evidence of the detrimental effects of BPA on the male reproductive system.
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
  15. Fulltext Review of the medicinal effects of tualang honey and a comparison with manuka honey
    Ahmed S, Othman NH
    Malays J Med Sci, 2013 May;20(3):6-13.
    PMID: 23966819 MyJurnal
    Tualang honey (TH) is a Malaysian multifloral jungle honey. In recent years, there has been a marked increase in the number of studies published in medical databases regarding its potential health benefits. The honey is produced by the rock bee (Apis dorsata), which builds hives on branches of tall Tualang trees located mainly in the north-western region of Peninsular Malaysia. This review collates the results of the various studies of TH that range from research on tissue culture to randomised control clinical trials. Findings thus far show that, TH has antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimutagenic, antitumor, and antidiabetic properties, in addition to wound-healing attributes. Some of its properties are similar to the well-researched Manuka honey (New Zealand and/or Australian monofloral honey). Distinct differences include higher phenolics, flavonoids, and 5-(hydroxymethyl) furfural (HMF). Compared with Manuka honey, TH is also more effective against some gram-negative bacterial strains in burn wounds.
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
  16. Fulltext Cinnamon bark deodorised aqueous extract as potential natural antioxidant in meat emulsion system: a comparative study with synthetic and natural food antioxidants
    Chan KW, Khong NM, Iqbal S, Ch'ng SE, Younas U, Babji AS
    J Food Sci Technol, 2014 Nov;51(11):3269-76.
    PMID: 26396320 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-012-0818-5
    Cinnamon deodorised aqueous extract (CinDAE) was prepared and evaluated for its total phenolic (315.3 ± 35.4 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid (99.3 ± 9.6 mg RE/g) contents. Stabilizing efficiency of CinDAE, for chicken meatballs, was measured against oxidative deterioration as function of storage time under chilled conditions. For this purpose, oxidative stability [2-thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS); peroxide value (PV)], colour and sensory acceptability were measured in the control meatballs (C), and those stabilized with 200 ppm of: CinDAE (T1), ascorbic acid (T2), BHA/BHT (50/50; w/w) (T3). In comparison to "C", induction period (IP) and redness (a* value) of the stabilized samples (T1, T2 and T3) were increased, while PV and TBARS were decreased throughout storage (8 ± 1 °C) significantly (p 
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
  17. Fulltext Comparative Evaluation of Different Extraction Techniques and Solvents for the Assay of Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activity of Hashemi Rice Bran
    Ghasemzadeh A, Jaafar HZ, Juraimi AS, Tayebi-Meigooni A
    Molecules, 2015 Jun 11;20(6):10822-38.
    PMID: 26111171 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200610822
    Secondary metabolite contents (total phenolic, flavonoid, tocopherol, and tocotrienol) and antioxidant activities of Hashemi rice bran extracts obtained by ultrasound-assisted and traditional solvent (ethanol and 50:50 (v/v) ethanol-water) extraction techniques were compared. Phenolic and, flavonoid compounds were identified using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography and method validation was performed. Significant differences (p < 0.05) were observed among the different extraction techniques upon comparison of phytochemical contents and antioxidant activities. The extracts obtained using the ethanol-water (50:50 v/v) ultrasonic technique showed the highest amounts of total phenolics (288.40 mg/100 g dry material (DM)), total flavonoids (156.20 mg/100 g DM), and total tocotrienols (56.23 mg/100 g DM), and the highest antioxidant activity (84.21% 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 65.27% β-carotene-linoleic bleaching and 82.20% nitric oxide scavenging activity). Secondary metabolite contents and antioxidant activities of the rice bran extracts varied depending of the extraction method used, and according to their effectiveness, these were organized in a decreasing order as follows: ethanol-water (50:50 v/v) ultrasonic, ethanol-water (50:50 v/v) maceration, ethanol ultrasonic and ethanol maceration methods. Ferulic, gallic and chlorogenic acids were the most abundant phenolic compounds in rice bran extracts. The phytochemical constituents of Hashemi rice bran and its antioxidant properties provides insights into its potential application to promote health.
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
  18. Fulltext Platanosides, a Potential Botanical Drug Combination, Decrease Liver Injury Caused by Acetaminophen Overdose in Mice
    Samuvel DJ, Nguyen NT, Jaeschke H, Lemasters JJ, Wang X, Choo YM, et al.
    J Nat Prod, 2022 Jul 22;85(7):1779-1788.
    PMID: 35815804 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.2c00324
    Oxidative stress plays an important role in acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity. Platanosides (PTSs) isolated from the American sycamore tree (Platanus occidentalis) represent a potential new four-molecule botanical drug class of antibiotics active against drug-resistant infectious disease. Preliminary studies have suggested that PTSs are safe and well tolerated and have antioxidant properties. The potential utility of PTSs in decreasing APAP hepatotoxicity in mice in addition to an assessment of their potential with APAP for the control of infectious diseases along with pain and pyrexia associated with a bacterial infection was investigated. On PTS treatment in mice, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) release, hepatic centrilobular necrosis, and 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) were markedly decreased. In addition, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression and c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation decreased when mice overdosed with APAP were treated with PTSs. Computational studies suggested that PTSs may act as JNK-1/2 and Keap1-Nrf2 inhibitors and that the isomeric mixture could provide greater efficacy than the individual molecules. Overall, PTSs represent promising botanical drugs for hepatoprotection and drug-resistant bacterial infections and are effective in protecting against APAP-related hepatotoxicity, which decreases liver necrosis and inflammation, iNOS expression, and oxidative and nitrative stresses, possibly by preventing persistent JNK activation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
  19. Bioactivity, phytochemistry studies and subacute in vivo toxicity of ethanolic leaf extract of white mulberry (Morus alba linn.) in female mice
    Fauzi A, Kifli N, Noor MHM, Hamzah H, Azlan A
    J Ethnopharmacol, 2024 May 10;325:117914.
    PMID: 38360381 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117914
    ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Traditional uses of Morus alba L. leaf extracts (MLE) have been reported for treating hyperglycaemia and diabetes. Phytochemical compounds in the leaves demonstrated the ability to enhance insulin sensitivity and β-cell secretory function, suggesting their potential value in reducing blood glucose and treating diabetes. However, the phytochemical constituents and safety of the herbal medicines need to be verified in each experimental field from different growing areas. Studies on the phytochemistry and toxicity of Morus alba leaves in Southeast Asia, especially in Brunei, have never been investigated.

    AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aimed to investigate the bioactivity and phytochemistry of Morus alba ethanolic leaf extract from Brunei Darussalam and its subacute toxic effects in the Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) female mice.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: The phenolic yield and antioxidant of the extract were analysed. Meanwhile, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography were utilised to determine the phenolic compound of the MLE. In the subacute toxicity study, twenty-five female mice were randomly divided into five groups: the control group, which received oral gavage of 5% dimethyl sulfoxide solvent (DMSO), and the MLE treatment group, which received the extract at a dose of 125, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg. Physiology, haematology, biochemistry, and histology were evaluated during the study.

    RESULTS: Morus alba leaf depicted total phenolic 10.93 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g dry weight (DW), flavonoid 256.67 mg quercetin equivalents (QE)/g DW, and antioxidant bioactivity content of 602.03 IC50 μg/mL and 13.21 mg Fe2+/g DW. Twenty compounds in the Morus alba ethanolic leaf extract were identified, with chlorogenic acid (305.60 mg/100 g DW) as the primary compound. As for subacute toxicity in this study, neither mortality nor haematological changes were observed. On the other hand, administration of 500 and 1000 mg/kg MLE resulted in mild hepatocellular injury, as indicated by a significant (p 

    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
  20. (R)-(-)-Xanthorrhizol Inhibits the Migration and Invasion of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells by Suppressing Matrix Metalloproteinases via the NF-κB Signaling Pathway
    Al-Amin M, Fazalul Rahiman SS, Khairuddean M, Muhamad Salhimi S
    Planta Med, 2024 Aug;90(10):785-791.
    PMID: 38838716 DOI: 10.1055/a-2339-2633
    (R)-(-)-xanthorrhizol is a bioactive sesquiterpenoid and major chemical constituent of Curcuma zanthorrhiza rhizomes. It was reported to have many pharmacological activities including nephroprotective, hepatoprotective, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antihypertensive, antihyperglycemic, antiplatelet, estrogenic, and antiestrogenic properties. (R)-(-)-xanthorrhizol was also investigated for antiproliferative activity against many cancer cells including breast, lung, liver, ovarian, and colon cancer. It was also revealed to have a potential effect on TNBC cells MDA-MB-231. Considering the previous studies, this study has aimed to investigate the antimigratory and anti-invasive properties, as well as the possible molecular mechanisms, behind these properties. The findings of (R)-(-)-xanthorrhizol on MDA-MB-231 cell migration and invasion demonstrated significant inhibition at three different concentrations in a concentration-dependent manner, which was observed in the scratch, transwell migration, and invasion assays. Further investigation of the molecular mechanism using gelatin zymography revealed that (R)-(-)-xanthorrhizol prevented cell migration and invasion of breast cancer cells through the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression. Western blot analysis indicated that the inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases is possibly the result of the inhibition of phosphorylation in the NF-κB signaling pathway. These findings corroborate (R)-(-)-xanthorrhizol to proceed for the further studies as a possible future drug candidate for cancer patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Phenols
Related Terms
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links