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Fulltext Effect of therapeutic lifestyle changes on insulin sensitivity of non-obese hyperlipidemic subjects: preliminary report

Al-Mahmood AK, Ismail AA, Rashid FA, Azwany YN, Singh R, Gill G

J Atheroscler Thromb, 2007 Jun;14(3):122-7.
PMID: 17587763 DOI: 10.5551/jat.14.122

AIM: To determine the effects of lipid lowering by TLC on insulin sensitivity and secretory status of non-obese normoglycemic hyperlipidemic subjects.
METHODS: An intervention study was undertaken on 16 non-obese normoglycemic hyperlipidemic subjects. They underwent 6 months of a TLC regimen. Their insulin sensitivity and lipid status were assessed at baseline and after six months. A control group containing 16 age, sex and body mass index (BMI) matched normolipidemic subjects was also enrolled to compare the change in lipid levels and insulin sensitivity in the hyperlipidemic subjects.
RESULTS: The intervention showed significant reductions in insulin resistance (HOMA-IR reduced from 3.8 to 1.4, p<0.001) and improvement of insulin sensitivity (HOMA%S increased from 50.1% to 121.2%, p=0.004) in hyperlipidemic subjects with associated reductions in lipid levels.
CONCLUSION: Lipid lowering in non-obese hyperlipidemic subjects may be associated with improvement of insulin sensitivity.
Study site: Staff of university and offices, Kelantan, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Life Style*
Lifestyle of the elderly in rural and urban Malaysia

Selvaratnam DP, Poo BT

Ann N Y Acad Sci, 2007 Oct;1114:317-25.
PMID: 17986592 DOI: 10.1196/annals.1396.025

Malaysia is steadily progressing toward an aging population demographic pattern. While aging is a natural process, its impact can be painful individually as well as for the nation. Individually there is a loss of a paying job after retirement, loss of physical and mental fitness, and also occasionally the loss of social integration due to lack of mobility. For a nation, an aging population means a growing dependency ratio, a greater need of care, and more medical facilities for this age group. This article looks at the various economic and social implications of the aging population in Malaysia in general, and in the rural and urban setting specifically. The paper focuses on a research sample of 132 (66 rural, 66 urban) elderly persons. The findings suggest that the demographic patterns of the elderly vary from the rural to the urban setting, with differing issues that need to be addressed to alleviate problems encountered related to loneliness, lack of financial stability, and emotional strain. Policy suggestion will be geared toward providing a solution to problems at hand as well as aiding the working group members to prepare and sustain a comfortable livelihood for the aged in their later years.

Matched MeSH terms: Life Style*
Fulltext Anthropometric indices and life style practices of the indigenous Orang Asli adults in Lembah Belum, Grik of Peninsular Malaysia

Yusof HM, Ching TS, Ibrahim R, Lola S

Asia Pac J Clin Nutr, 2007;16(1):49-55.
PMID: 17215180

A nutritional status survey of Orang Asli (Aboriginal) adults in Lembah Belum, Grik, has been conducted involving a total of 138 subjects. Jahai (58.7%) was the main ethnic group as compared to that of Temiar (41.3%). Based on the Body Mass Index (BMI) characteristics, the majority (63.2%) of the respondents were normal, 26.7% underweight and 10.1% were either overweight or obese. However, by using two different indices of waist circumference and waist-to-hip ratio, 1.6% and 10.8% of the total respondents revealed abdominal obesity, respectively. Measurement of mid upper arm muscle circumference (MUAMC) indicated that about 40% showed nutritional insufficiency whereas 0.8% showed over-nutrition. Body fat classification revealed that 53.4% of the respondents were thin, 45.8% at normal level and only 0.8% were obese. Student's t-test revealed a significant difference in anthropometric indices of body weight, height, MUAMC, triceps, sub-scapular, supra-iliac and body fat according to gender. Meanwhile, analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed significant differences in body weight, waist circumference, WHR and body fat according to different age categories. It was also found that those who smoked had lower BMI compared with non-smokers. Alcohol consumption was associated with higher BMI and WHR among the respondents. Pearson's correlation test between anthropometric measurements and socio-economic and demographic factors showed that ethnic group was the strongest variable.

Matched MeSH terms: Life Style
Fulltext Healthy lifestyles

Abdul Razack AH

JUMMEC, 2007;10(1):1-2.
MyJurnal

Healthy lifestyle issues have been very much in the news in both the lay press and the medical journals. The incidence of chronic non-communicable diseases is increasing worldwide and it is no different in Malaysia. Preventing and decreasing the incidence is related to lifestyle issues.

Matched MeSH terms: Life Style
Fulltext Review paper soft drinks and hard facts: a health perspective

Xavier, R., Sreeramanan, S., Diwakar, A., Sivagnanam, G., Sethuraman, K.R.

International Food Research Journal, 2007;14(2):69-81.
MyJurnal

All living organisms including human beings in this biosphere are constantly exposed to a variety of xenobiotics. The enormous chemical load in the environment has been primarily through the modernization, industrialization and changes in lifestyle. The changing food habits to suit modern living pose a serious threat to a healthy life. Among others, consumption of soft drinks invariably forms a part of modern life. Mostly children and adolescents are the target groups vulnerable to frequent consumption, compromising the nutritious foods such as fruits, vegetables, milk and milk products. Logically, the quality of the soft drinks is determined by the type and quantity of chemicals present, including those present inherently in the water used for such preparations. The impact of soft drinks on human health has been a subject of in depth research. Consumption of soft drinks plays a major role in a variety of diseases like obesity, diabetes, dental and bone disorders and others, more so among children and adolescents. The toxic effects of soft drinks have gained much attention, due to the frequent scientific reports and media attention. The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive scrutiny of the impact of soft drinks on health, as well as to suggest alternatives for a healthy life style.

Matched MeSH terms: Life Style
Fulltext Applicability of the stages of change and Weight Efficacy Lifestyle Questionnaire with natives of Sarawak, Malaysia

Chang CT

Rural Remote Health, 2007 Oct-Dec;7(4):864.
PMID: 18076311

INTRODUCTION: There is an increase in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Malaysia. Besides prevalence studies, not much is known about either overweight or obese individuals. The objective of this study was to determine the stages of change in losing weight and the self-efficacy in eating control of three indigenous groups of overweight and obese adults in Sarawak, Malaysia.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in one rural region in Sarawak using a purposive sample. A structured questionnaire, which included two scales: (1) Weight: Stages of change (SOC) to assess readiness to change; and (2) Weight Efficacy Lifestyle Questionnaire (WEL) (both adopted from the transtheoretical model of change); and a set of pre-tested questionnaires on socio-demographic data, the presence of health problems and self-assessment of weight appropriateness, was used to interview respondents.
RESULTS: The stage distribution for weight loss of these adults respondents (n = 271) showed that 60.5% (n = 164) were in the pre-contemplation stage, 20.7% (n = 56) were in the contemplation stage, 8.5% (n = 23) were in the preparation stage, and 8.9% (n = 24) were in the action stage, while only 1.5% (n = 4) were in the maintenance stage. Except for education, the stage differences were generally stable across age, sex, race, household income, presence or absence of health problem, self-perceived weight and presence of overweight or obesity. Respondents were least able to control their eating under social pressure and food availability, according to their WEL score.
CONCLUSION: A large proportion of the overweight or obese adults was not intending to lose weight. The factor structure of the two WEL original subscales enabled partial differentiation between respondents who were able or unable to resist eating in situations where there were availability of food and experienced physical discomfort. The study results indicate the importance of assessing individuals' SOC score in order to implement stage-matched intervention strategies. More studies should be performed in order to validate the WEL questionnaire for use with a Malaysian sample.

Matched MeSH terms: Life Style
Self-care practices of Malaysian adults with diabetes and sub-optimal glycaemic control

Tan MY, Magarey J

Patient Educ Couns, 2008 Aug;72(2):252-67.
PMID: 18467068 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2008.03.017

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the self-care practices of Malaysian adults with diabetes and sub-optimal glycaemic control.
METHODS: Using a one-to-one interviewing approach, data were collected from 126 diabetic adults from four settings. A 75-item questionnaire was used to assess diabetes-related knowledge and self-care practices regarding, diet, medication, physical activity and self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG).
RESULTS: Most subjects had received advice on the importance of self-care in the management of their diabetes and recognised its importance. Sixty-seven subjects (53%) scored below 50% in their diabetes-related knowledge. Subjects who consumed more meals per day (80%), or who did not include their regular sweetened food intakes in their daily meal plan (80%), or who were inactive in daily life (54%), had higher mean fasting blood glucose levels (p=0.04). Subjects with medication non-adherence (46%) also tended to have higher fasting blood glucose levels. Only 15% of the subjects practiced SMBG. Predictors of knowledge deficit and poor self-care were low level of education (p = <0.01), older subjects (p=0.04) and Type 2 diabetes subjects on oral anti-hyperglycaemic medication (p = <0.01).
CONCLUSION: There were diabetes-related knowledge deficits and inadequate self-care practices among the majority of diabetic patients with sub-optimal glycaemic control.
PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: This study should contribute to the development of effective education strategies to promote health for adults with sub-optimal diabetes control.

Matched MeSH terms: Life Style
Fulltext Standard of care for type 2 diabetic patients in a public hospital general medical clinic: report of a self-audit

Tan F, Chan G, Wong JS, Rozario F

Med J Malaysia, 2008 Aug;63(3):224-8.
PMID: 19248695 MyJurnal

We audited the standard of care provided to 200 consecutive type 2 diabetic patients attending our hospital general medical clinic. Data on diabetes related processes and outcome measures were collected. Annual testing rates (blood pressure 100%, fasting lipid profile 91.8%, HbA1c 69%) were higher compared to complications screening rates (Eye 69%, albuminuria 51%, foot 22.4%). Lifestyle intervention was lacking with BMI documented in 38.3% of patients and smoking history in 46%. Fifty percent and 41% of patients with HbA1c > 7.5% were referred to diabetes educator and dietitian respectively. For outcome measures, 26% of patients achieved HbA1c < or = 7%, 33% achieved BP < or = 130/80 while 56% achieved LDL < or = 2.6 mmol/L. Aspirin was prescribed in 78% and ACE inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker in 91.8% of patients. Lifestyle intervention and complication screening are the two major areas of deficiencies in the care of type 2 diabetic patients in our hospital general medical clinic.
Study site: General medical clinic, Sarawak General Hospital, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Life Style
Erectile dysfunction and comorbidities in aging men: an urban cross-sectional study in Malaysia

Khoo EM, Tan HM, Low WY

J Sex Med, 2008 Dec;5(12):2925-34.
PMID: 18761590 DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2008.00988.x

INTRODUCTION: Erectile dysfunction (ED), lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), cardiovascular disease (CVD), depression, and androgen deficiency are common conditions affecting aging men over 50 years. However, data were limited in developing countries.
AIMS: To investigate the prevalence of ED, LUTS, chronic diseases, depression, androgen deficiency symptoms, and lifestyle of aging men in Malaysia, and to examine their associations with sociodemographic factors.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ED, LUTS, chronic diseases, depression, positive Androgen Deficiency in the Aging Male (ADAM) questionnaire
METHODS: A randomized survey of 351 men using structured questionnaires consisting of self-reported medical conditions, International Index for Erectile Function-5, International Prostate Symptom Score, Geriatric Depression Scale-15, and St Louis University questionnaire for ADAM. Blood samples were taken for glucose, lipid, prostate specific antigen (PSA), and hormones.
RESULTS: Mean age was 58+/-7 years. Prevalence of ED was 70.1% (mild ED 32.8%, mild to moderate ED 17.7%, moderate ED 5.1%, and severe ED 14.5%). There were 29% of men with moderate and severe LUTS; 11.1% had severe depression; 25.4% scored positive on ADAM questionnaire; 30.2% self-reported hypertension, 21.4% self-reported diabetes mellitus; 10.8% self-reported coronary artery disease; 19.1% were smokers; and 34% consumed alcohol. There were 78.6% of men that are overweight and obese; 28.8% had a fasting blood sugar (FBS) >or=6.1 mmol/L, 70.1% had total cholesterol >5.2 mmol/L, 19.1% had total testosterone >or=11.0 nmoL/L, 14.0% had calculated free testosterone <0.0225 nmoL/dL; 4% had PSA >4 microg/L; 9.4% had insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) level below age specific range, 5.1% had abnormal sex hormone binding globulin (<15 nmoL/L and >70 nmol/L). ED was found to be significantly associated with LUTS, depression (P<0.001 respectively). Similarly, LUTS was significantly associated with depression and ADAM questionnaire status (P<0.001 respectively); and ADAM questionnaire status was also significantly associated with depression (P<0.001).
CONCLUSION: ED, LUTS, depression, and androgen deficiency symptoms are common in urban aging men. As these conditions are possibly interrelated, strategies for early disease prevention and detection are warranted when one disease presents.

Matched MeSH terms: Life Style
Fulltext Is Kelantan joining the global cancer epidemic?--experience from hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia; 1987-2007

Othman NH, Nor ZM, Biswal BM

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2008 Jul-Sep;9(3):473-8.
PMID: 18990023

OBJECTIVE: To determine the trend of cancer cases in one major hospital in Kelantan over a 20 year period from 1987 to 2007 and to speculate the change in trend due to the socio-economic and other health status in the state.

METHODOLOGY: All data on clinically diagnosed cancer cases in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia [HUSM] were retrieved from the hospital medical records. The cancers were classified according to ICD10 and scrutinized to avoid duplicate or more entries. The increment in cancer incidence was calculated based on total numbers of cancer cases per each 5-6 year period.

RESULTS: A total of 12,228 solid cancers were diagnosed during the period. There is an increment of 20.1% for 1991-1996 from 1987-1990 period, 67.4% for 1997-2001 from 1991-1996 period and 305.9% for 2002-2007 from the 1997-2001 period. The rise was steep in the last 5-6 years. After excluding referred cases from states outside Kelantan, the increments were 20.1%, 67.4% and 143.6% for the consecutive 5-6 year periods. The predominant rising trends were seen for cancers of the female organs, digestive tract and endocrine organs.

CONCLUSION: Cancer cases in HUSM are showing a rising trend, associated with increasing prevalence of smoking, obesity and diabetes in the community served by the hospital. Since HUSM is the only hospital managing cancer in the state of Kelantan, to reduce cancer incidence in the state, life-style issues need to be addressed.

Matched MeSH terms: Life Style*
Fulltext Prehypertension: What is the current status?

Chia YC

Malays Fam Physician, 2008;3(2):72-6.
PMID: 25606120 MyJurnal

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk is a continuum across blood pressure. The term prehypertension was introduced because it is now recognized that blood pressure readings between what is deemed optimal and hypertension is associated with increased CVD risk. The prevalence of prehypertension is high and the progression to hypertension is also high. Prehypertension is also commonly associated with other CVD risk factors namely dyslipidaemia, dysgylcaemia and overweight/ obesity. Eighty-five percent of prehypertensives have one other or more CVD risk factor compared to normotensives. A recent study has shown a reduction in the development of hypertension from prehypertension with the use of an angiotensin receptor blocker. Unfortunately to date, the impact of treatment of prehypertension on CVD outcome is still unknown except in those with high CVD risk like diabetes or established CVD. However this does not mean nothing can be done for those with prehypertension. The aim of managing prehypertension is to lower the BP, prevent progression to hypertension and to prevent BP related CVD deaths. Lifestyle changes can reduce BP and this by itself can lower CVD risk. Until more evidence about other modalities of treatment become available this is a sensible and cost-effective way to manage prehypertension.

Matched MeSH terms: Life Style
Fulltext Binge eating and lifestyle factors in relation to obesity in schizophrenia

Ainsah O, Salmi R, Osman CB

Malaysian Journal of Psychiatry, 2008;17:13-22.

Obesity is highly prevalent among patient with schizophrenia. It is therefore important to know whether lifestyle factors could contribute to obesity. The objective of this paper is to study the prevalence of overweight, obesity and high waist circumference (WC) in relation to Binge eating and lifestyle factors among patients with schizophrenia. This is a cross sectional study for a period of three and a half months which systematically selected patients with schizophrenia who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The diagnosis of schizophrenia was made using Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID). The diagnosis of Binge Eating Disorder (BED) and the assessment of lifestyle factors were made using Eating Disorder, Module H of SCID and Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP II) respectively. The prevalence of overweight was 39.2 %, obesity was 35.1 % and high waist circumference was 63.9 %. The difference between presence of BED among patients who had normal and either overweight or obese was not significant (?2 with Yates correction 3.34, p=0.06). BED was found to be more in patients with high WC (n=11, 78.6 %) than those with normal WC (n=3, 21.4 %) but the difference was not significant (?2=1.88, p=0.21). In term of lifestyle factors, no significant different found between those who smoke and those who did not smoke in relation to BMI (?2=0.00, p=0.98) and WC (?2=0.15, p=0.90). There was no difference between total score of diet and exercise among patients who had normal weight and those who were either overweight or obese in relation to BMI (t=1.30, p=0.20) and WC (t=0.91, p=0.36) and BMI (t=0.80, p=0.43) and WC (t=0.02, p=0.98) respectively. There were also no differences between total score of all four domains of psychological lifestyle i.e. stress management, health responsibility, spiritual growth and interpersonal relationship among patients who had normal weight and those who were overweight and obese in relation to BMI and WC (p>0.05). Presence of Binge eating disorder and the lifestyle factors did not contribute to obesity among patients with schizophrenia. Keywords: Schizophrenia, obesity, lifestyle, binge eating disorder

Matched MeSH terms: Life Style
Fulltext Dietary and lifestyle changes of Malaysian breast cancer survivors: a qualitative study

Redhwan, A.A., Md Idris, M.N., Robert, C.

Malaysian Journal of Community Health, 2008;14(1):24-31.
MyJurnal

Objective :This study was performed to determine changes in diet and lifestyle among breast cancer survivors in Malaysia.
Methods :This was a qualitative study done on fifteen survivors (8 Malays and 7 non-Malays) obtained from the Oncology and Surgery Department, National University of Malaysia Hospital. The study was conducted using a semi-structured interview format. The data obtained were sorted into various categories via content analysis.
Results :Majority of breast cancer survivors increased their fruit and vegetable intake following diagnosis. Some non-Malays changed to vegetarian whereas all the Malays remained on the same dietary pattern. As far as exercise was concerned, all Malays did not exercise before diagnosis, but did so after diagnosis, whereas most of non- Malays did not exercise either before or after diagnosis.
Conclusion : Some changes were noticed in dietary and lifestyle behaviors after diagnosis among some survivors. The differences were due to their different cultural and religious backgrounds.

Matched MeSH terms: Life Style
Fulltext Utility of Pap Smears and Mammograms in Midlife Urban Malaysian Women

Adeeb, N., Nur-Azurah, A.G., Ong, F.B., Seri, S.S., Shamsuddin, K., Noor-Aini, M.Y., et al.

Medicine & Health, 2008;3(1):59-68.
MyJurnal

Cancers of the breast and cervix made up 30.4% and 12% of all cancer cases in Malaysia. Thus screening for reproductive organ cancers as women approached menopause becomes exceedingly important. The study reports the baseline assessment tests of 495 disease free urban Malaysian women aged 45 years and above who volunteered in a healthy lifestyle intervention study. The sample comprised of 58.0% premenopaused and 42.0% postmenopaused women with an average age of 51.27±5.35 years old. Over two thirds were Chinese followed by Malays and Indians. Overall, abnormal Pap smears were seen in 7.6% comprising of 1.3% cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), 6.1% human papilloma virus (HPV) infection and 0.2% atypical squmous cells of undetermined significances (ASCUS). Yeast and other infections were found in 6.9% and 1.9% respectively. Comparatively, postmenopausal women had a 2.8 fold higher cancerous changes whereas premenopausal women had a higher infection rate, 11.8% vs. 4.7% respectively (p=0.024) with comparable HPV infection rates in both. This study found 1.3% had breast cancer (BC) with 3.6% requiring a biopsy while 3.4% needed regular follow up. Postmenopaused women had more abnormal mammograms (p

Matched MeSH terms: Life Style
Fulltext Information Needs of Post Myocardial Infarction (MI) Patients: Nurse’s Perception in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC)

Ho, SE, Hayati, Y., Ting, CK, Oteh, M., Choy, YC

Medicine & Health, 2008;3(2):281-287.
MyJurnal

Patient education has been considered as an integral component of care for patient after myocardial infarction. Post myocardial infarction patients require information and knowledge related to their conditions to reduce anxiety and aid recovery. The objective of this study was to identify nurses’ perception on information needs of post MI patients of UKMMC. A cross sectional study using Cardiac Patient Learning Needs Inventory (CPLNI) adopted from Timmins and Kalizer (2002) was used. It comprises seven cate-gories: related to anatomy and physiology, psychological factor, life style factor, medi-cation information, dietary information, physical activity, and symptom management. This study was conducted in coronary care unit (CCU), coronary rehabilitation ward (CRW), medical ward 1 and medical ward 2 from January 2007 to March 2007. 56 res-pondents (96%) who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were recruited in this study. Results showed that CCU and CRW respondents ranked symptom management as their first ranking followed by medication, life style factor, anatomy and physiology, dietary in-formation, physical activity and psychological factor. However, respondents in Medical Ward 1 and 2 reported and ranked medication information as their top priorities fol-lowed by symptom management, psychological factors, dietary information, physical activity, anatomy and physiology and life style factor. There were significant differ-ences between ward nurses’ responses with their perception related to anatomy and physiology, psychology factor, life style factor, physical activity, and symptom man-agement with p value

Matched MeSH terms: Life Style
Fulltext Retrospective review of outcomes of a multimodal chronic pain service in a major teaching hospital: a preliminary experience in universiti sains malaysia

Abdul Jalil N, Sulaiman Z, Awang MS, Omar M

Malays J Med Sci, 2009 Oct;16(4):55-65.
PMID: 22135513

Chronic pain is a common medical issue. Beside chronic devastating pain, patients also suffer dysfunction more generally, including in the physical, emotional, social, recreational, vocational, financial, and legal spheres. Integrated multidisciplinary and multimodal chronic pain management programmes offer clear evidence for relief of suffering and return to functional lifestyles.

Matched MeSH terms: Life Style
Risk factors for prostate cancer in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre: a case-control study

Subahir MN, Shah SA, Zainuddin ZM

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2009;10(6):1015-20.
PMID: 20192575

INTRODUCTION: In Malaysia, prostate cancer is ranked 6th among male cancer and expected to increase in the future. Several factors have shown to be related to prostate cancer such as sociodemographic, lifestyle, diet, occupational exposure, medical and health status. This is the first time a similar study was conducted in Malaysia to recognize the risk factors for prostate cancer patients who came for treatment at University Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC).
METHODS: Prostate cancer cases diagnosed between 2003 and 2008 which met with the inclusion criteria were included in the study. One hundred and twelfth (112) pairs of cases and controls matched by age and ethnicity were analysed. McNemar Odds Ratios (OR(M)) were calculated using McNemar Calculator software for univariate analysis while conditional logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis, both using SPSS version 12.0.
RESULTS: Most of the prostate cancer patients (68.8%) that came for treatment in UKMMC were above 70 years old. The majority were Chinese (50.0%) followed by Malay (46.4%) and Indian (3.6%). Multivariate analysis showed cases were more likely to have a first-degree relative with a history of cancer (OR= 3.77, 95% CI= 1.19-11.85), to have been exposed to pesticides (OR= 5.57, 95% CI= 1.75-17.78) and consumed more meat (OR= 12.23, 95% CI= 3.89-39.01). Significantly reduced risks of prostate cancer were noted among those consuming more vegetables (OR= 0.12, 95% CI= 0.02-0.84), more tomatoes (OR= 0.35, 95% CI= 0.13-0.93) and those who had frequent sexual intercourse (OR= 0.44, 95% CI= 0.19-0.96).
CONCLUSION: Some lifestyle and occupation factors are strong predictors of the occurrence of prostate cancer among patients in UKMMC. More importantly, with the identification of the potentially modifiable risk factors, proper public health intervention can be improved.

Matched MeSH terms: Life Style
Fulltext Obesity among Mongolian adults from urban and rural Areas

Otgontuya, D., Khor, G.L., Lye, M.S., Norhaizan, M.E.

Malays J Nutr, 2009;15(2):185-194.
MyJurnal

Shifts in lifestyles and eating patterns have led to an increasing prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases in the adult population in Mongolia. This article reports the prevalence of obesity, abdominal obesity and body fat among 408 Mongolian adults aged 25 years and above. The subjects included 61.2% from urban areas and 38.8% from rural areas, reflective of the 60: 40 urban rural ratio in the general population. Anthropometric measurements were taken according to standard methods. Classification of overweight/obesity was based on body mass index of WHO while abdominal obesity was based on WPRO for Asians. Men made up 47.8% (200) and women 52.2% (218) of the sample. The mean age of the subjects was 46.7±12.7 years. About one-third (32.8%) of the subjects were overweight and 10.5% obese. A higher proportion of women (13.3%) than men were obese (7.5%). The age groups of 35-54 years in men and 55-64 years in women showed the highest prevalence of overweight. Prevalence of abdominal obesity was found in 46.5% of the men and in 65.1% of the women. Women aged 55-64 years had the highest proportion (78.4%) of abdominal obesity. In terms of body fat, 20.0 % and 51.5% of the men had high and very high levels of body fat respectively, while among the women, 15.1% and 55.5% respectively had high and very high levels of body fat. Mongolian adults face serious risk of cardiovascular diseases and other aspects of ill-health brought about by obesity. Prevention and control of obesity should be targeted as an urgent public health agenda in Mongolia.

Matched MeSH terms: Life Style
Fulltext Sociodemographic and lifestyle factors as the risk of diabetic foot ulcer in the University of Malaya Medical Centre

Misliza A, Mas Ayu S

JUMMEC, 2009;12(1):15-21.
MyJurnal

A case-control study was conducted between November 2005 and May 2007 in the University of Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The objective of this study was to identify specific socio-demographic and lifestyle factors which were associated with foot ulcer in Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes patients. There were 125 cases and 250 controls by using universal sampling. Diabetic foot ulcer was defined as "the full thickness skin break at least to Grade 1 Wagner Stage, occurring distal to malleoli". The case was defined as the diabetic patient who was newly diagnosed or who has a known case of diabetic foot ulcer and the control was defined as the diabetic patient without active foot ulcer. Data was collected via face-to-face interview using a structured questionnaire. Results showed that diabetic patients at younger age group, 44 years old and less (OR 5.90 95% CI 2.31, 15.10), Indian (OR 3.24 95% CI 1.66, 6.30), and smoker (OR 3.85 95% CI 1.77, 8.35) were the independent risk factor for diabetic foot ulcer.

Matched MeSH terms: Life Style
Risk factors associated with dyspepsia in a rural Asian population and its impact on quality of life

Mahadeva S, Yadav H, Rampal S, Goh KL

Am J Gastroenterol, 2010 Apr;105(4):904-12.
PMID: 20179699 DOI: 10.1038/ajg.2010.26

The epidemiology and impact of dyspepsia in rural Asia remains uncertain. We aimed to determine the prevalence epidemiology and impact of dyspepsia in a rural Malaysian community.

Matched MeSH terms: Life Style

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