Displaying publications 821 - 840 of 3311 in total

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  1. Globus pharyngeus due to a lymphangiomatous polyp arising from the tonsil
    Tan CX, Yeo SW, Wong YP, Tan GC
    Malays J Pathol, 2023 Aug;45(2):271-273.
    PMID: 37658536
    INTRODUCTION: Lymphangiomatous polyp of the tonsil is generally accepted as a hamartomatous lesion. Its differential diagnosis includes fibroepithelial polyp, squamous papilloma, angiofibroma, haemangioma, arteriovenous malformation, hamartoma and lymphangioma.

    CASE REPORT: A 33-year-old man presented with 2 months history of feeling of foreign body sensation in the throat. Examination revealed a nodular red coloured polyp on the left tonsil. Histologically, the polyp was covered by squamous epithelium and is composed of numerous vascular channels containing lymphocytes and eosinophilic material, in a fibrous stroma. Immunohistochemically, the endothelial cells were positive toward CD31 and D2-40.

    DISCUSSION: The characteristic histological features of a lymphangiomatous polyp are benign vascular proliferation with variable fibrous, adipose and lymphoid stromal components. Nested intraepithelial epidermotropism of lymphocytes can be observed. The vascular channels are typically thin-walled and contain eosinophilic proteinaceous material and lymphocytes. There is no reported incidence of recurrent or malignant transformation.

    Matched MeSH terms: Endothelial Cells
  2. Functional Validation of DownRegulated MicroRNAs in HeLa Cells Treated with Polyalthia longifolia Leaf Extract Using Different Microscopic Approaches: A Morphological Alteration-Based Validation
    Shanmugapriya, Vijayarathna S, Sasidharan S
    Microsc Microanal, 2019 10;25(5):1263-1272.
    PMID: 31383043 DOI: 10.1017/S1431927619014776
    Several microscopy methods have been developed to assess the morphological changes in cells in the investigations of the mode of cell death in response to a stimulus. Our recent finding on the treatment of the IC50 concentration (26.67 μg/mL) of Polyalthia longifolia leaf extract indicated the induction of apoptotic cell death via the regulation of miRNA in HeLa cells. Hence, the current study was conducted to validate the function of these downregulated microRNAs in P. longifolia-treated HeLa cells using microscopic approaches. These include scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), and acridine orange/propidium iodide (AO/PI)-based fluorescent microscopy techniques by observing the morphological alterations to cells after transfection with mimic miRNA. Interestingly, the morphological changes observed in this study demonstrated the apoptotic hallmarks, for instance, cell blebbing, cell shrinkage, cytoplasmic and nuclear condensation, vacuolization, cytoplasmic extrusion, and the formation of apoptotic bodies, which proved the role of dysregulated miRNAs in apoptotic HeLa cell death after treatment with the P. longifolia leaf extract. Conclusively, the current study proved the crucial role of downregulated miR-484 and miR-221-5p in the induction of apoptotic cell death in P. longifolia-treated HeLa cells using three approaches-SEM, TEM, and AO/PI-based fluorescent microscope.
    Matched MeSH terms: Epithelial Cells/cytology*; Epithelial Cells/drug effects*; HeLa Cells
  3. Fulltext In vitro cytotoxicity of superheated steam hydrolyzed oligo((R)-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-(R)-3-hydroxyhexanoate) and characteristics of its blend with poly(L-lactic acid) for biomaterial applications
    Rajaratanam DD, Ariffin H, Hassan MA, Nik Abd Rahman NMA, Nishida H
    PLoS One, 2018;13(6):e0199742.
    PMID: 29944726 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199742
    In order to clarify the in vitro cytotoxicity effect of superheated steam (SHS) treated poly((R)-3-hydroxybutyrate-co-(R)-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHHx) for biomaterial applications, SHS-treated PHBHHx oligoester samples: P(HB-co-6%-HHx) and P(HB-co-11%-HHx) with low and high percentages of unsaturated chain ends were evaluated for their cytotoxicity effects toward the growth of mouse fibroblast cell line NIH 3T3. From the results obtained after 24 and 48 h of the growth test, the SHS-treated PHBHHx oligoesters were found to be nontoxic to the growth of mouse fibroblast NIH 3T3 cell line with cell viability percentages of more than 95%. In order to serve as a potential resorbable medical suture, PHBHHx oligoesters were blended with poly(L-lactic acid) (PLLA) with a weight ratio of PHBHHx oligoester/PLLA = 20:80 (wt/wt) to improve mechanical properties of PHBHHx oligoesters. The PHBHHx oligoesters/PLLA blend films were evaluated for their thermal, mechanical, and surface wetting properties. Thermal properties of the blend films suggested a good compatibility between PHBHHx oligoesters and PLLA components. Mechanical properties of the blend films were determined to be close enough to a desirable strength range of medical sutures. Moreover, contact angle range of 65 < θ < 70° for the blend samples could provide desirable cell adhesion when used as biomaterials. Therefore, the blend of SHS-treated PHBHHx oligoesters and PLLA would be an ideal choice to be used as biomedical materials.
    Matched MeSH terms: NIH 3T3 Cells
  4. Fulltext miR-96-5p is involved in alcohol-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells via negatively regulating TAp73
    Yang B, Wang Q, Li Y, Li L, Zhang Y, Leong Bin Abdullah MFI, et al.
    PLoS One, 2023;18(4):e0282488.
    PMID: 37099528 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0282488
    OBJECTIVE: The present study opted for the adrenal phaeochromocytoma (PC12) cell line to frame a neuronal injury model induced by alcohol exposure in vitro, aiming to probe whether TAp73 and miR-96-5p are involved in the neuronal injury process induced by alcohol and elucidate the regulatory relationship between miR-96-5p and TAp73.

    METHODS: Immunofluorescence staining was used to observe the structural features of PC12 cells after culturing in medium with nerve growth factor (NGF). After different doses and different durations of alcohol treatment, CCK-8 assay was performed to detect the viability of PC12 cells, flow cytometry assay was carried out to detect the apoptosis rate of PC12 cells, dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to definitude the regulatory relationship between miR-96-5p and Tp73, and western blot was used to detect the protein expression of TAp73.

    RESULTS: The result of immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that PC12 cells abundantly expressed Map2, CCK-8 assay illustrated alcohol exposure significantly downregulated the cell viability of PC12 cells, Treatment with miR-96-5p inhibitor induced apoptosis and upregulated the expression of TAp73 in PC12 cells. Contrastingly, miR-96-5p mimic reversed the above effects and downregulation of TAp73 inhibited the apoptosis of PC12 cells.

    CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrated that miR-96-5p participates in alcohol-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells via negatively regulating TAp73.

    Matched MeSH terms: PC12 Cells
  5. Characterization of human adipose-derived stem cells and expression of chondrogenic genes during induction of cartilage differentiation
    Hamid AA, Idrus RB, Saim AB, Sathappan S, Chua KH
    Clinics (Sao Paulo), 2012;67(2):99-106.
    PMID: 22358233
    OBJECTIVES: Understanding the changes in chondrogenic gene expression that are involved in the differentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells to chondrogenic cells is important prior to using this approach for cartilage repair. The aims of the study were to characterize human adipose-derived stem cells and to examine chondrogenic gene expression after one, two, and three weeks of induction.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: Human adipose-derived stem cells at passage 4 were evaluated by flow cytometry to examine the expression of surface markers. These adipose-derived stem cells were tested for adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation capacity. Ribonucleic acid was extracted from the cells for quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis to determine the expression levels of chondrogenic genes after chondrogenic induction.

    RESULTS: Human adipose-derived stem cells were strongly positive for the mesenchymal markers CD90, CD73, CD44, CD9, and histocompatibility antigen and successfully differentiated into adipogenic and osteogenic lineages. The human adipose-derived stem cells aggregated and formed a dense matrix after chondrogenic induction. The expression of chondrogenic genes (collagen type II, aggrecan core protein, collagen type XI, COMP, and ELASTIN) was significantly higher after the first week of induction. However, a significantly elevated expression of collagen type X was observed after three weeks of chondrogenic induction.

    CONCLUSION: Human adipose-derived stem cells retain stem cell characteristics after expansion in culture to passage 4 and serve as a feasible source of cells for cartilage regeneration. Chondrogenesis in human adipose-derived stem cells was most prominent after one week of chondrogenic induction.

    Matched MeSH terms: Cells, Cultured; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/cytology; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/metabolism*
  6. Fulltext Glutamine treatment attenuates hyperglycemia-induced mitochondrial stress and apoptosis in umbilical vein endothelial cells
    Safi SZ, Batumalaie K, Mansor M, Chinna K, Mohan S, Karimian H, et al.
    Clinics (Sao Paulo), 2015 Aug;70(8):569-76.
    PMID: 26247670 DOI: 10.6061/clinics/2015(08)07
    The aim of this study was to determine the in vitro effect of glutamine and insulin on apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential, cell permeability, and inflammatory cytokines in hyperglycemic umbilical vein endothelial cells.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cells, Cultured; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/drug effects; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/metabolism
  7. Fulltext Cytotoxicity Enhancement of α-Mangostin with Folate-Conjugated Chitosan Nanoparticles in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells
    Herdiana Y, Wathoni N, Shamsuddin S, Muchtaridi M
    Molecules, 2023 Nov 14;28(22).
    PMID: 38005306 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227585
    α-mangostin (AM) is a promising natural anticancer agent that can be used in cancer research. However, its effectiveness can be limited by poor solubility and bioavailability. To address this issue, chitosan-based nanoparticles (CSNPs) have been investigated as a potential delivery system to enhance the cytotoxicity to cancer cells and improve selectivity against normal cells. In this study, we developed folate-conjugated chitosan nanoparticles (F-CS-NPs) using a carbodiimide-based conjugation method to attach folate to chitosan (CS), which have different molecular weights. The NPs were crosslinked using tripolyphosphate (TPP) via ionic gelation. To characterize the F-CS-NPs, we utilized various analytical techniques, including transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to evaluate the particle size and morphology, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to confirm the presence of functional groups, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) to measure the absorption spectrum and confirm the presence of folate. The particle size of AM-F-CS-NPs ranged from 180 nm to 250 nm, with many having favorable charges ranging from +40.33 ± 3.4 to 10.69 ± 1.3 mV. All NPs exhibited the same spherical morphology. The use of F-CS-NPs increased drug release, followed by a sustained release pattern. We evaluated the cytotoxicity of AM, AM-F-CS-HMW, and AM-F-CS-LMW NPs against MCF-7 cells and found IC50 values of 8.47 ± 0.49, 5.3 ± 0.01, and 4.70 ± 0.11 µg/mL, respectively. These results confirm the improved cytotoxicity of AM in MCF-7 cells when delivered via F-CS-NPs. Overall, our in vitro study demonstrated that the properties of F-CS-NPs greatly influence the cytotoxicity of AM in MCF-7 breast cancer cells (significantly different (p < 0.05)). The use of F-CS-NPs as a drug-delivery system for AM may have the potential to develop novel therapies for breast cancer.
    Matched MeSH terms: MCF-7 Cells
  8. Synthesis, characterization and in-vitro cytotoxic potential of sitagliptin phosphate nanoparticles against advanced breast cancer cell line - MCF-7
    Abdullah M, Rafiq A, Shahid N, Nasir Kalam M, Munir Y, Daoud Butt M, et al.
    Pak J Pharm Sci, 2023 Nov;36(6(Special)):1849-1858.
    PMID: 38264890
    Pharmaceutical substance sitagliptin has long been used to treat diabetes. However, subsequent researches have shown that sitagliptin has additional therapeutic effects. Anti-inflammatory effects are observed. Combining sitagliptin with biodegradable polymers like nanoparticles for chemotherapy may be effective. This method enhances therapeutic agent pharmacokinetics. This study tests sitagliptin (SIT) chitosan base nanoparticles against MCF-7 cancer cell lines for anti-cancer effects. Sitagliptin chitosan-based nanoparticles are tested for their ability to suppress MCF-7 cancer cell proliferation. Ionic gelation, a typical nanoparticle manufacturing method, was used. A detailed examination of the nanoparticles followed, using particle-size measurement, FTIR and SEM. Entrapment efficiency, drug-loading, and in-vitro drug release were assessed. Loaded with chitosan and sitagliptin, the nanoparticles averaged 500nm and 534nm in diameter. Sitagliptin has little effect on particle size. Chitosan-based Sitagliptin nanoparticles grew slightly, suggesting Sitagliptin is present. SIT-SC-NPs had 32% encapsulation efficiency and 30% drug content due to their high polymer-to-drug ratio. SEM analysis showed that both drug-free and sitagliptin-loaded nanoparticles are spherical, as shown by the different bands in the photos. The SIT-CS-NPs had a 120-hour release efficiency of up to 80%. This suggests that these nanoparticles could cure hepatocellular carcinoma, specifically MCF-7 cell lines.
    Matched MeSH terms: MCF-7 Cells
  9. Fulltext Antioxidant protective effect of honey in cigarette smoke-induced testicular damage in rats
    Mohamed M, Sulaiman SA, Jaafar H, Sirajudeen KN
    Int J Mol Sci, 2011;12(9):5508-21.
    PMID: 22016605 DOI: 10.3390/ijms12095508
    Cigarette smoke (CS) can cause testicular damage and we investigated the possible protective effect of honey against CS-induced testicular damage and oxidative stress in rats. CS exposure (8 min, 3 times daily) and honey supplementation (1.2 g/kg daily) were given for 13 weeks. Rats exposed to CS significantly had smaller seminiferous tubules diameter and epithelial height, lower Leydig cell count and increased percentage of tubules with germ cell loss. CS also produced increased lipid peroxidation (TBARS) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity, as well as reduced total antioxidant status (TAS) and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT). However, supplementation of honey significantly reduced histological changes and TBARS level, increased TAS level, as well as significantly restored activities of GPx, SOD and CAT in rat testis. These findings may suggest that honey has a protective effect against damage and oxidative stress induced by CS in rat testis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Leydig Cells/drug effects; Leydig Cells/metabolism; Leydig Cells/pathology
  10. Fulltext Heptamethine cyanine-based polymeric nanoparticles for photothermal therapy in HCT116 human colon cancer model
    Kampaengsri S, Yong GY, Aryamueang S, Ouengwanarat B, Pewklang T, Chansaenpak K, et al.
    Sci Rep, 2025 Jan 06;15(1):884.
    PMID: 39762372 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-83249-y
    In this work, we synthesize a quinoline-based heptamethine cyanine, QuCy7, with sulfonate groups to enhance water solubility. This dye demonstrates exceptional near-infrared absorption beyond 750 nm, accompanied by photothermal properties but low photostability. Encapsulating QyCy7 with polyethylene glycol to form nanopolymer, QuCy7@mPEG NPs, addresses the issue of its photoinstability. TEM showed that QuCy7@mPEG NPs possess a spherical morphology, featuring a core-shell structure with a size of around 120 nm in diameter. Upon irradiation with an 808 nm laser for 10 min, a significant increase in temperature up to 24 °C can be achieved with a photothermal conversion (PTC) rate of approximately 35%. QuCy7@mPEG NPs exhibit remarkable photothermal stability as compared to QuCy7. The efficiency of QuCy7@mPEG NPs was demonstrated by the in vitro PTT studies. Finally, the nanoparticles' acute toxicity and effectiveness were assessed using the chick embryo model. The results provide compelling evidence that QuCy7@mPEG NPs are safe without inducing hemolysis, inhibit angiogenesis when exposed to light, and exhibit anti-tumor activity with a 76% reduction in tumor size compared to QuCy7 (40%). Thus suggesting the sulfonate groups can enhance water solubility, and its nanopolymer is biocompatible and possesses superior anti-tumor efficacy.
    Matched MeSH terms: HCT116 Cells
  11. Fulltext Overlooked: Extrachromosomal DNA and Their Possible Impact on Whole Genome Sequencing
    Dennin RH
    Malays J Med Sci, 2018 Mar;25(2):20-26.
    PMID: 30918452 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2018.25.2.3
    Extrachromosomal (ec) DNA in eukaryotic cells has been known for decades. The structures described range from linear double stranded (ds) DNA to circular dsDNA, distinct from mitochondrial (mt) DNA. The sizes of circular forms are described from some hundred base pairs (bp) up to more than 150 kbp. The number of molecules per cell ranges from several hundred to a thousand. Semi-quantitative determinations of circular dsDNA show proportions as high as several percentages of the total DNA per cell. These ecDNA fractions harbor sequences that are known to be present in chromosomal DNA (chrDNA) too. Sequencing projects on, for example the human genome, have to take into account the ecDNA sequences which are simultaneously ascertained; corrections cannot be performed retrospectively. Concerning the results of sequencings derived from extracted whole DNA: if the ecDNA fractions contained therein are not taken into account, erroneous conclusions at the chromosomal level may result.
    Matched MeSH terms: Eukaryotic Cells
  12. Fulltext MiR-3099 is Overexpressed in Differentiating 46c Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells upon Neural Induction
    Zainal Abidin S, Abbaspourbabaei M, Ntimi CM, Siew WH, Pike-See C, Rosli R, et al.
    Malays J Med Sci, 2014 Dec;21(Spec Issue):27-33.
    PMID: 25941460 MyJurnal
    MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have a crucial role in gene expression regulation and protein synthesis, especially in the central nervous system. In developing mouse embryos a novel miRNA, miR-3099, is highly expressed, particularly in the central nervous system. This study aims to determine the expression of miR-3099 during cellular differentiation of 46C mouse embryonic stem cells after neural induction with N2/B27 medium.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells
  13. Fulltext Human adipose tissue derived stem cells as a source of smooth muscle cells in the regeneration of muscular layer of urinary bladder wall
    Salem SA, Hwie AN, Saim A, Chee Kong CH, Sagap I, Singh R, et al.
    Malays J Med Sci, 2013 Jul;20(4):80-7.
    PMID: 24044001 MyJurnal
    Adipose tissue provides an abundant source of multipotent cells, which represent a source of cell-based regeneration strategies for urinary bladder smooth muscle repair. Our objective was to confirm that adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) can be differentiated into smooth muscle cells.
    Matched MeSH terms: Multipotent Stem Cells
  14. Cu(II) complexes based on benzimidazole ligands: synthesis, characterization, DFT, molecular docking & bioactivity study
    Hamali MA, Roney M, Dubey A, Uddin MN, Zulkifli NA, Fasihi Mohd Aluwi MF, et al.
    Future Med Chem, 2024;16(23):2535-2546.
    PMID: 39530504 DOI: 10.1080/17568919.2024.2419353
    Aim: The biggest cause of cancer deaths globally was lung cancer. New cancer fighting drugs are needed due to the rising number of cancer patients and cancer cells' treatment resistance.Results: Two Cu(II) complexes, synthesized from ligands based on 2-aminomethyl benzimidazole and salicylaldehyde derivatives, were designed and evaluated for their effectiveness against A549 lung cancer. The compounds were subjected to computational calculation using Density Functional Theory (DFT) to gather information on their reactivity. Furthermore, molecular docking are utilized to simulate the interaction between the compound and the MPP-9 protein. The synthesis of the ligands and their Cu(II) metal complexes are efficient and straightforward. The complexation between copper atom and the ligand are in 1:1 ratio. The MTT assay of the compounds against A549 lung carcinoma reveals that the both Cu(II) complexes good cytotoxicity activity, in comparison to their respective ligands. The low HOMO-LUMO band gap based on the DFT calculation predicts the high reactivity of the compounds. Furthermore, the low binding energy and the numbers of interactions of the Cu(II) complexes with MMP-9 protein binding site coincide with the antiproliferative activity tested in vitro.Conclusion: The cytotoxicity studies performed for Cu(L1Br) are promising, indicating a good candidate for a future drug.
    Matched MeSH terms: A549 Cells
  15. Effect of growth differentiation factor 5 on the proliferation and tenogenic differentiation potential of human mesenchymal stem cells in vitro
    Tan SL, Ahmad RE, Ahmad TS, Merican AM, Abbas AA, Ng WM, et al.
    Cells Tissues Organs, 2012;196(4):325-38.
    PMID: 22653337
    The use of growth differentiation factor 5 (GDF-5) in damaged tendons has been shown to improve tendon repair. It has been hypothesized that further improvements may be achieved when GDF-5 is used to promote cell proliferation and induce tenogenic differentiation in human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). However, the optimal conditions required to produce these effects on hMSCs have not been demonstrated in previous studies. A study to determine cell proliferation and tenogenic differentiation in hMSCs exposed to different concentrations of GDF-5 (0, 5, 25, 50, 100 and 500 ng/ml) was thus conducted. No significant changes were observed in the cell proliferation rate in hMSCs treated at different concentrations of GDF-5. GDF-5 appeared to induce tenogenic differentiation at 100 ng/ml, as reflected by (1) a significant increase in total collagen expression, similar to that of the primary native human tenocyte culture; (2) a significant upregulation in candidate tenogenic marker gene expression, i.e. scleraxis, tenascin-C and type-I collagen; (3) the ratio of type-I collagen to type-III collagen expression was elevated to levels similar to that of human tenocyte cultures, and (4) a significant downregulation of the non-tenogenic marker genes runt-related transcription factor 2 and sex determining region Y (SRY)-box 9 at day 7 of GDF-5 induction, further excluding hMSC differentiation into other lineages. In conclusion, GDF-5 does not alter the proliferation rates of hMSCs, but, instead, induces an optimal tenogenic differentiation response at 100 ng/ml.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/cytology*; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/drug effects*; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/physiology
  16. Reprogramming of Expanded Cord Blood-Derived CD34+ Cells from Umbilical Cord-Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Co-Culture to Generate Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells
    Roslan FF, Yu Y, Wang M, Mohd Yusof NAN, Ooi GC, Then KL, et al.
    Cell Reprogram, 2024 Dec;26(6):164-176.
    PMID: 39602209 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2024.0073
    Cord blood (CB) is widely stored as a source of hematopoietic stem cells for potential future use, though its application for autologous purposes remains limited. Repurposing CB into human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) can broaden its utility beyond hematological conditions. This study investigated the effects of umbilical cord-mesenchymal stromal cell (UC-MSC) co-culture on CB CD34+ cells and the characteristics of the resulting hiPSCs. CD34+ cells were isolated, expanded in UC-MSC co-culture for 3 days, and reprogrammed into hiPSCs using episomal vectors. Results showed that UC-MSC co-culture significantly increased CD34+ cell numbers (p < 0.0001, n = 6), with a reduced population doubling time of 25.1 ± 2.1 hours compared with the control (p < 0.0004, n = 6). The yield of CD34+ cells was substantially higher in the UC-MSC co-culture group. The hiPSCs exhibited comparable reprogramming efficiency, pluripotency marker expression, trilineage differentiation potential, and genomic stability to CD34+ cells expanded under standard culture conditions. These findings suggest that CD34+ cells from CB, expanded in UC-MSC co-culture, can be reprogrammed into functional hiPSCs without compromising cell quality or genetic stability.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cells, Cultured
  17. Pathogenicity and phylogenetic analysis of ovine contagious ecthyma virus isolated during a sheeppox outbreak in Morocco
    Bamouh Z, Tifrouin I, Elkarhat Z, Abid L, Fellahi S, Elharrak M
    Microb Pathog, 2024 Dec;197:107023.
    PMID: 39423917 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.107023
    Contagious ecthyma (CE), also known as ORF is a highly contagious zoonotic viral skin disease that affects humans, sheep, goats and other domesticated and wild animals. As reported here-in, the objective of this study was to investigate a suspected outbreak of both sheeppox and ORF diseases in a sheep herd during the winter of 2020 in Northwest Morocco. The affected sheep showed nodules and proliferative scabby skin lesions around the mouth and hairless area of the body. Samples of skin crust were collected for virus identification and isolation. A virus was isolated in Vero cells, lamb testis and heart cells and the cytopathic effect was characterized by cells aggregation, ballooning, and detachment. Initially, the suspensions of skin crust were positive for sheeppox virus (SPPV) by PCR. Subsequent testing of the isolated virus from skin crust of affected animals indicated that the virus was SPPV-negative and ORFV-positive by PCR. Furthermore, nucleotide sequences of the B2L aligned with reference ORFV isolates for genetic analysis. Phylogenetic analyses results confirmed that the isolated virus was ORFV and that the virus was closely related to ORFV strains isolated in Sudan and Malaysia. In conclusion, this study is the first reported detection of ORFV in Morocco, and therefore, poses as an imminent threat to the health of humans, domestic and wild animals.
    Matched MeSH terms: Vero Cells
  18. Fulltext Interaction of exposure concentration and duration in determining the apoptosis of testis in rats after cigarette smoke inhalation
    He L, Gong H, Zhang J, Zhong C, Huang Y, Zhang C, et al.
    Saudi J Biol Sci, 2016 Jul;23(4):531-41.
    PMID: 27298588 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2016.02.021
    The effects of differences in smoke concentration and exposure duration in Sprague Dawley rats to determine variation in type and severity of the testis apoptosis were evaluated. The daily dosages were 10, 20 and 30 non-filter cigarettes for a period of 2, 4, 6, 8 and 12 weeks. Mainstream smoke exposure suppressed body weight gain in all regimens. A dose-related increase in plasma nicotine concentration was observed in smoke-exposed groups for 4, 6, 8 and 12 week regimens. Histopathological examination of the exposed groups showed disturbances in the stages of spermatogenesis, tubules atrophying and these appeared to be dose-related. Cytoplasmic caspase-3 immunostaining was detected both in Sertoli cells and germ cells in smoke-exposure groups. An increase in TUNEL-positive cells of testicular cells was observed after 6 weeks of cigarette exposure. The results indicate that cigarette exposure concentration and duration have interaction effect to induce apoptosis in the rat testes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Germ Cells; Sertoli Cells
  19. Synergistic interaction of platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) with the surface of PLLA/Col/HA and PLLA/HA scaffolds produces rapid osteogenic differentiation
    Raghavendran HR, Mohan S, Genasan K, Murali MR, Naveen SV, Talebian S, et al.
    Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces, 2016 Mar 1;139:68-78.
    PMID: 26700235 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.11.053
    Scaffolds with structural features similar to the extracellular matrix stimulate rapid osteogenic differentiation in favorable microenvironment and with growth factor supplementation. In this study, the osteogenic potential of electrospun poly-l-lactide/hydroxyapatite/collagen (PLLA/Col/HA, PLLA/HA and PLLA/Col) scaffolds were tested in vitro with the supplementation of platelet derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB). Cell attachment and topography, mineralization, extracellular matrix protein localization, and gene expression of the human mesenchymal stromal cells were compared between the fibrous scaffolds PLLA/Col/HA, PLLA/Col, and PLLA/HA. The levels of osteocalcin, calcium, and mineralization were significantly greater in the PLLA/Col/HA and PLLA/HA compared with PLLA/Col. High expression of fibronectin, intracellular adhesion molecule, cadherin, and collagen 1 (Col1) suggests that PLLA/Col/HA and PLLA/HA scaffolds had superior osteoinductivity than PLLA/Col. Additionally, osteopontin, osteocalcin, osterix, Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), and bone morphogenic protein (BMP2) expression were higher in PLLA/Col/HA and PLLA/HA compared with PLLA/Col. In comparison with PLLA/Col, the PLLA/Col/HA and PLLA/HA scaffolds presented a significant upregulation of the genes Runx2, Col 1, Integrin, osteonectin (ON), bone gamma-carboxyglutamic acid-containing protein (BGALP), osteopontin (OPN), and BMP2. The upregulation of these genes was further increased with PDGF-BB supplementation. These results show that PDGF-BB acts synergistically with PLLA/Col/HA and PLLA/HA to enhance the osteogenic differentiation potential. Therefore, this combination can be used for the rapid expansion of bone marrow stromal cells into bone-forming cells for tissue engineering.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bone Marrow Cells/cytology; Bone Marrow Cells/drug effects; Bone Marrow Cells/metabolism; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/cytology; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/drug effects*; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/metabolism
  20. Small interfering RNA silencing of interleukin-6 in mesenchymal stromal cells inhibits multiple myeloma cell growth
    Teoh HK, Chong PP, Abdullah M, Sekawi Z, Tan GC, Leong CF, et al.
    Leuk. Res., 2016 Jan;40:44-53.
    PMID: 26626206 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2015.10.004
    Studies demonstrated that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) from bone marrow stroma produced high concentration of interleukin-6 (IL-6) that promoted multiple myeloma cell growth. In view of the failure of IL-6 monoclonal antibody therapy to demonstrate substantial clinical responses in early clinical trials, more effective methods are needed in order to disrupt the favourable microenvironment provided by the bone marrow stroma. In this study, we evaluated the short interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated silencing of IL-6 in MSC and the efficacy of these genetically modified MSC, with IL-6 suppression, on inhibition of U266 multiple myeloma cell growth. IL-6 mRNA and protein were significantly suppressed by 72h post IL-6 siRNA transfection without affecting the biological properties of MSC. Here we show significant inhibition of cell growth and IL-6 production in U266 cells co-cultured with MSC transfected with IL-6 siRNA when compared to U266 cells co-cultured with control MSC. We also show that the tumour volume and mitotic index of tumours in nude mice co-injected with U266 and MSC transfected with IL-6 siRNA were significantly reduced compared to tumours of mice co-injected with control MSC. Our results suggest potential use of RNA interference mediated therapy for multiple myeloma.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mesenchymal Stromal Cells/pathology*
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