Displaying publications 101 - 120 of 541 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Nikmat AW, Ahmad M, Ng LO, Razali S
    ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, 2008;9(2):65-72.
    MyJurnal
    Objective: To investigate the prevalence of parental stress and psychological wellbeing among parents with autistic children and their associations with dimensions of support system.
    Methods: This is a preliminary cross sectional study which randomly selected parents with clinically diagnosed autistic children. Those parents who attended psycho-education session on management of autistic children at Health Psychology Unit were randomly selected to enroll in the study. Psychological wellbeing, parental stress and dimensions of support system were assessed by using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), the Parenting Stress Index (PSI) and the Provision Social Relation (PSR), respectively.
    Results: Of 52 parents with autistic children (34 female and 18 male), about 90.4% of parents had significant parenting stress, and 53.8% of parents showed clinical disturbance in psychological wellbeing. Gender (t=1.67, p=0.02) and occupation (F=4.78, p=0.01) showed statistically significant association with psychological wellbeing. No association found between other socio-demographic factors, parental stress and psychological wellbeing with dimensions of support system among parents with autistic children.
    Conclusion: Parents with autistic children have high prevalence of stress and psychological disturbances. Interactions of various factors need to be acknowledged and considered in order to reduce the burden of parents with autistic children.
  2. Jean YQ, Mazlan R, Ahmad M, Maamor N
    Am J Audiol, 2018 Sep 12;27(3):260-271.
    PMID: 30007031 DOI: 10.1044/2018_AJA-17-0093
    Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop a substantive theory that explains parenting stress among mothers of deaf or hard-of-hearing (D/HH) children.

    Method: Fifteen hearing mothers of children with severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss were interviewed. Interviews were transcribed verbatim, and a grounded theory approach was used to inductively analyze parental stress in mothers of D/HH children. Theory generation was achieved through triangulation of data sources and systematic organization of data into codes. The coding process identified salient themes that were constantly cross-checked and compared across data to further develop categories, properties, and tentative hypotheses.

    Results: In general, two main themes emerged from the interviews: the contextual stressors and stress-reducing resources. The contextual stressors were labeled as distress over audiology-related needs, pressure to acquire new knowledge and skills, apprehension about the child's future, and demoralizing negative social attitudes. The stress-reducing resources that moderated parenting stress were identified to be the child's progress, mother's characteristics, professional support, and social support. The interaction between the identified stressors and adjustment process uncovered a central theme termed maternal coherence.

    Conclusion: The substantive theory suggests that mothers of D/HH children can effectively manage parenting stress and increase well-being by capitalizing on relevant stress-reducing resources to achieve maternal coherence.

  3. Ahmad MI, Khan IA, Ahmad M, Husain A, Jamaludin R
    Syst Pract Action Res, 2021 Nov 20.
    PMID: 34840496 DOI: 10.1007/s11213-021-09585-6
    Every individual is unique and may serve a unique purpose in this life. Education is widely accepted to be the means of transformation of individuals so that they may achieve their unique success or create their own lives. However, not every individual seems to be realizing their true potential. This paper explores the concept of entropy in education system as a force that is usually imagined to oppose realization of potential of an individual during life in this phenomenal world. Alternatively, the same may provide an impetus that is necessary to bring in organization in oneself to realize the hidden potential. A one group Pretest-Posttest quasi-experimental design was used to draw the conclusions on data obtained from participants of workshops in three different modes, viz. face-to-face Pre COVID-19, face-to-face in COVID-19 with SOPs, and online in COVID-19. Realization of an individual's potential was represented as a dependent variable, i.e. transformation in cognition, skills, and attitude while the independent variables taken into account were the meaningful interactions of an individual with peers and advanced learners in a designed environment. It was inferred from the results that transformation in learners' cognition (6-30 %), skills (0-20 %), and attitude (5-32 %) occurred through human discourse, in a community of inquiry.
  4. Arshad AH, Azrai Abu M, Ahmad MF, Abdul Karim AK
    Med J Malaysia, 2022 Jan;77(1):1-5.
    PMID: 35086987
    INTRODUCTION: Endometriosis is a challenging disease to treat, and patients may eventually need in vitro fertilisation with Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) to conceive after other modalities failed. There are inconsistent outcomes of IVF performance in patients with endometriosis especially with highly purified human menotropin gonadotrophin (hMG). This study was commenced to determine whether the use of hMG affects the IVF outcome in different stage of endometriosis.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: This is an observational study. Eighty-seven women who had endometriosis confirmed surgically and underwent IVF/ICSI treatment, stimulated with hMG alone were included. Based on the revised American Society for Reproductive Medicine (rASRM), the participants were classified as early endometriosis (I/II) (n=39) or advanced endometriosis (III/IV) (n=35). The main outcome measures used were clinical pregnancy rate.

    RESULTS: Women with advanced endometriosis had a lower oocyte yield, less good quality day-3 embryos and lower clinical pregnancy rate compared with the mild endometriosis. However, higher fertilisation rate were recorded in advanced stage endometriosis compared to milder disease.

    CONCLUSIONS: The rASRM classification of endometriosis is valuable in predicting IVF outcome as advanced endometriosis performs poorly compared to a milder disease. Highly purified hMG could be an alternative as an ovarian stimulation in endometriosis.

  5. Yam MF, Tan CS, Ahmad M, Ruan S
    Am J Chin Med, 2016;44(7):1413-1439.
    PMID: 27785939
    Orthosiphon stamineus Benth. (Lamiaceae) is an important plant in traditional folk medicine that is used to treat hypertension and kidney stones. In humans, this plant has been tested as an addition regiment for antihypertensive treatment. Among the treatments for hypertension, O. stamineus had been to have diuretic and vasorelaxant effects in animal models. There is still very little information regarding the vasorelaxant effect of O. stamineus. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the vasorelaxant activity and mechanism of action of the fractions of O. stamineus. The vasorelaxant activity and the underlying mechanisms of the chloroform fraction of the 50% methanolic extract of O. stamineus (CF) was evaluated on thoracic aortic rings isolated from Sprague Dawley rats. CF caused relaxation of the aortic ring pre-contracted with phenylephrine in the presence and absence of endothelium, and pre-contracted with potassium chloride in endothelium-intact aortic ring. In the presence of endothelium, both indomethacin (a nonselective cyclooxygenase inhibitor) and [Formula: see text]-[1,2,4]Oxadiazolo[4,3-[Formula: see text]]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ, selective soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor) had a small effect on the vasorelaxation response. On the other hand, in the presence of Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, nitric oxide synthase inhibitor), methylene blue (cyclic guanosine monophosphate lowering agent), tetraethylammonium ([Formula: see text], nonselective calcium activator [Formula: see text] channel blocker), 4-aminopyridine (4-AP, voltage-dependent [Formula: see text] channel blocker), barium chloride ([Formula: see text], inwardly rectifying [Formula: see text] channel blocker), glibenclamide (nonspecific ATP-sensitive [Formula: see text] channel blocker), atropine (muscarinic receptor blocker) and propranolol (β-adrenergic receptor blocker), the vasorelaxant effect significantly reduced the relaxation stimulated by CF. CF was also found to be active in reducing [Formula: see text] release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum and blocking calcium channels.
  6. Borromeo GL, Ahmad MS, Buckley S, Bozanic M, Cao A, Al-Dabbagh M, et al.
    Eur J Dent Educ, 2018 Aug;22(3):e321-e326.
    PMID: 29024268 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12296
    INTRODUCTION: The role of dental auxiliaries in collaborative care of patients with special needs is compelling. This study was undertaken to investigate the perceptions of Special Needs Dentistry (SND) education and practice amongst students enrolled in Australian programmes in dental auxiliary, namely dental hygiene, dental therapy and oral health therapy (DH/DT/OHT).

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: All Australian institutions offering DH/DT/OHT programmes (n = 14) were invited to participate in a self-administered questionnaire survey, conducted online, involving students across all academic years. Twelve institutions agreed to participate, but only five institutions were included in the final analysis, with a student response rate of 31.1%. Answers to open-ended questions were coded and grouped for measurement of frequencies. Quantitative data were analysed via chi-squared and Fisher's exact tests (significance taken as P 

  7. Abdullah J, Ahmad M, Heng LY, Karuppiah N, Sidek H
    Sensors (Basel), 2007 Oct 11;7(10):2238-2250.
    PMID: 28903224 DOI: 10.3390/s7102238
    The fabrication of an optical biosensor by using stacked films where 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolinone hydrazone (MBTH) was immobilized in a hybrid nafion/sol-gelsilicate film and laccase in a chitosan film for the detection of phenolic compounds wasdescribed. Quinone and/or phenoxy radical product from the enzymatic oxidation ofphenolic compounds was allowed to couple with MBTH to form a colored azo-dye productfor spectrophometric detection. The biosensor demonstrated a linear response to catecholconcentration range of 0.5-8.0 mM with detection limit of 0.33 mM and response time of10 min. The reproducibility of the fabricated biosensor was good with RSD value of 5.3 %(n = 8) and stable for at least 2 months. The use of the hybrid materials of nafion/sol-gelsilicate to immobilize laccase has altered the selectivity of the enzyme to various phenoliccompounds such as catechol, guaicol, o-cresol and m-cresol when compared to the non-immobilized enzyme. When immobilized in this hybrid film, the biosensor response onlyto catechol and not other phenolic compounds investigated. Immobilization in this hybridmaterial has enable the biosensor to be more selective to catechol compared with the non-immobilized enzyme. This shows that by a careful selection of different immobilizationmatrices, the selectivity of an enzyme can be modified to yield a biosensor with goodselectivity towards certain targeted analytes.
  8. Hasan MK, Ahamed MA, Ahmad M, Rashid MA
    Appl Bionics Biomech, 2017;2017:6848014.
    PMID: 28894351 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6848014
    Electroencephalographic signal is a representative signal that contains information about brain activity, which is used for the detection of epilepsy since epileptic seizures are caused by a disturbance in the electrophysiological activity of the brain. The prediction of epileptic seizure usually requires a detailed and experienced analysis of EEG. In this paper, we have introduced a statistical analysis of EEG signal that is capable of recognizing epileptic seizure with a high degree of accuracy and helps to provide automatic detection of epileptic seizure for different ages of epilepsy. To accomplish the target research, we extract various epileptic features namely approximate entropy (ApEn), standard deviation (SD), standard error (SE), modified mean absolute value (MMAV), roll-off (R), and zero crossing (ZC) from the epileptic signal. The k-nearest neighbours (k-NN) algorithm is used for the classification of epilepsy then regression analysis is used for the prediction of the epilepsy level at different ages of the patients. Using the statistical parameters and regression analysis, a prototype mathematical model is proposed which helps to find the epileptic randomness with respect to the age of different subjects. The accuracy of this prototype equation depends on proper analysis of the dynamic information from the epileptic EEG.
  9. Bahari R, Mohamad Alwi MN, Ahmad MR, Mohd Saiboon I
    Malays Fam Physician, 2017;12(3):2-7.
    PMID: 29527273 MyJurnal
    Introduction: Motor vehicle accidents (MVAs) are daily occurrences in Malaysia but the extent to which victims are psychologically affected is not well known. The objective of this study is to determine the incidence and demographic characteristics of patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) due to MVAs at a university hospital in Malaysia.

    Methods: Patients presenting to the emergency department from August to October 2014 due to MVA-related injuries were recruited. After a period of at least one month, they were followed-up and screened using the validated Malay Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Checklist Civilian version. A score of 30 was chosen as the cut-off point for PTSD.

    Results: In total, 112 patients presented to the emergency department following MVAs during the study period. Of these, 60.7% agreed for the follow-up. Among the respondents, the mean age was 26 years, 91.2% were males, 66.2% were married, 85.3% were Malays and 88.3% were Muslims. The calculated incidence of PTSD was 7.4%. There was no significant difference noted between the PTSD and non-PTSD groups.

    Conclusion: A considerable number of MVA victims in Malaysia may develop PTSD after the accident. Further research is needed to explore the factors that contribute or protect to develop the condition.

  10. Widyawati T, Yusoff NA, Bello I, Asmawi MZ, Ahmad M
    Molecules, 2022 Oct 12;27(20).
    PMID: 36296407 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27206814
    (1) Background: An earlier study on the hypoglycemic activity of S. polyanthum (Wight.) leaf methanol extract identified squalene as the major chemical compound. The present study was conducted to assess the hypoglycemic effect of fractions and subfractions of the methanol extract of S. polyanthum compared to the squalene using a bioassay-guided in vivo study. (2) Methods: The methanol extract was fractionated using the liquid−liquid fractionation method. Streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic rat was used to study the hypoglycemic effect. (3) Results: The findings showed that chloroform fraction significantly (p < 0.05) lowered blood glucose levels of diabetic rats as compared to the control. Further fractionation of chloroform fraction yielded subfraction-1 and -2, whereby subfraction-1 exhibited a higher blood-glucose-lowering effect. The lipid profile test showed that the total cholesterol level of subfraction-1 and squalene-treated groups decreased significantly (p < 0.05). An immunohistochemistry study revealed that none of the treatments regenerated pancreatic β-cells. Gas chromatography−mass spectrophotometer analysis identified the presence of squalene in the active methanol extract, chloroform fraction, and subfraction-1. In silico analysis revealed a higher affinity of squalene against protein receptors that control lipid metabolism than metformin. (4) Conclusions: Data obtained from the present work suggested the crude methanol extract exerted the highest hypoglycemic effect compared to fraction, subfraction, and squalene, confirming synergistic effect may be responsible for the hypoglycemic activity of S. polyanthum.
  11. Veerappan V, Ahmad M, Balakrishnan K, Aris MA, Suan WH
    F1000Res, 2022;11:163.
    PMID: 38699146 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.73461.3
    BACKGROUND: This study examines the genre of Engineering Laboratory Reports (ELR) introduction section written by Electrical Engineering Undergraduates in a higher learning institution. The aims of this study are to identify the rhetorical moves and combinations of move patterns used by electrical engineering (EE) students to write introduction section.

    METHOD: A genre analysis was conducted to identify writing patterns and convention practices of engineering undergraduate students thus a corpus of N = 35 was selected from electrical engineering students in their final year of study. This study adopted Genre Theory as its theoretical framework, Ngowu 1997 analytical framework and BCU approach for analysis procedure. A pilot test was conducted to determine the model that fits the best to describe moves and steps of ELR. Coding scheme was developed and intercoder reliability showed a significance of 0.91 The study benchmarks a move or step to be present in at least 60% of the reports.

    RESULTS: The finding shows the introduction consists of one main move which is providing background information of the experiment and followed by four subsequent steps which are reference to research purposes, reference to theoretical knowledge in the field, providing an overview of the study and identification of main research apparatus. The move 1 and all four steps identified above are viewed as obligatory, conventional and optional move and steps in introduction section among undergraduates in academic context. The exemplification of finding shows lack of compliance among undergraduates to produce EELR based on university's guideline in discussing previous literature and underpinning theories, lack of referencing and citation, absence in describing apparatus used and non-sequential moves steps.

    CONCLUSION: This study posits the importance of collaboration between English for Academic (EAP) practitioners such as English-writing instructors and discipline specific specialist from engineering field to further improve on genre-based writing instruction, and to identify student learning needs. The method employed in this study may be replicated to analyse other sections of scientific and technical reports such as method, result, discussion and conclusion (MRDC) that may pave ways to address grey areas for improvement in this genre.

  12. Khandanlou R, Bin Ahmad M, Shameli K, Kalantari K
    Molecules, 2013 Jun 05;18(6):6597-607.
    PMID: 23739066 DOI: 10.3390/molecules18066597
    Small sized magnetite iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe3O4-NPs) with were successfully synthesized on the surface of rice straw using the quick precipitation method in the absence of any heat treatment. Ferric chloride (FeCl3·6H2O), ferrous chloride (FeCl2·4H2O), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and urea (CH4N2O) were used as Fe3O4-NPs precursors, reducing agent and stabilizer, respectively. The rice straw fibers were dispersed in deionized water, and then urea was added to the suspension, after that ferric and ferrous chloride were added to this mixture and stirred. After the absorption of iron ions on the surface layer of the fibers, the ions were reduced with NaOH by a quick precipitation method. The reaction was carried out under N2 gas. The mean diameter and standard deviation of metal oxide NPs synthesized in rice straw/Fe3O4 nanocomposites (NCs) were 9.93 ± 2.42 nm. The prepared rice straw/Fe3O4-NCS were characterized using powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXF) and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT‒IR). The rice straw/Fe3O4-NCs prepared by this method have magnetic properties.
  13. Hossain MA, Ahmad M, Islam MR, David Y
    Health Technol (Berl), 2020;10(2):547-561.
    PMID: 32432021 DOI: 10.1007/s12553-019-00390-9
    At present, the patient care delivery system (PCDS) in a hospital/medical institute/clinic is absolutely medical technology-dependent and this tendency is found to increase day by day. To ensure the quality of patient care (QPC) appropriate implementation of the patient care technology management system (PCTMS) is necessary. Unfortunately, it is found to be absent in the healthcare delivery system in most of the countries in the world. The situation is very much severe, particularly, in medium- and low-income countries like Malaysia, India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Pakistan, etc. The opposite scenario is found in high-income countries, specifically, in Japan where QPC has been improved significantly by adopting the clinical engineering approach (CEA) in their PCDS. Up to now, QPC is determined based on prediction as there are no mathematical ways to evaluate it properly. In this study, we for the first time, propose a mathematical model to evaluate the QPC quantitatively based on feedback control analogy taking into account of CEA in PCTMS, particularly, for clinical and surgical equipment. The model consists of three subsections: the clinical engineering department (CED), PCTMS, and health care engineering directorate (HCED). The correlation among the subsections and their performance parameters are defined and standardized. Multiple linear regression method is applied to derive the least square normal equations for each of the subsections and then the regression coefficients are solved by the standard data taken from 1000 beds hospitals of different countries. The model is applied to reveal the present status of QPC for 18 different countries including high-, middle-, and low-income countries of the world. The results obtained from the model demonstrate that the present status of QPC in Japan is 84.69% and in Pakistan, it is only 0.20%. This huge discrepancy is identified to be caused by the inclusion of CEA in PCDS of Japan. The proposed model can be applied to evaluate the QPC of a hospital/in a country and hence to take necessary steps accordingly for establishing the proposed research methodology. It is to be mentioned here that the proposed model cannot be applied to evaluate the QPC in some countries like Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, etc. due to the unavailability of data related to the model parameters.
  14. Akash M, Zaib S, Ahmad M, Sultan S, Al-Hussain SA
    Front Chem, 2024;12:1371377.
    PMID: 38545466 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1371377
    Urease, a nickel-dependent enzyme found in various life forms, catalyzes urea breakdown, concluding nitrogen metabolism by generating ammonia and carbamate. This process causes a rise in pH, supports the survival of pathogens, and can lead to infections such as gastric disorders like ulcers and cancer in humans. Helicobacter pylori employs urease for survival in the acidic environment of the stomach and in protein synthesis. To treat such infections and inhibit the growth of pathogens, it is mandatory to obstruct urease activity; therefore, derivatives of 1-(3-nitropyridin-2-yl)piperazine were synthesized (5a-o; 7a-k). All these newly synthesized compounds were investigated for urease inhibition by in vitro inhibition assays. The results showed that 5b and 7e are the most active inhibitors, having IC50 values of 2.0 ± 0.73 and 2.24 ± 1.63 µM, respectively. These IC50 values are lower than the IC50 value of the standard thiourea, which was 23.2 ± 11.0 µM. The hemolysis potential of 5b, 5c, 5i, 7e, and 7h was also determined; 7e and 7h exhibited good biocompatibility in human blood cells. Through in silico analysis, it was shown that both these potent inhibitors develop favorable interactions with the active site of urease, having binding energies of -8.0 (5b) and -8.1 (7e) kcal/mol. The binding energy of thiourea was -2.8 kcal/mol. Moreover, 5b and 7e have high gastrointestinal permeability as predicted via computational analysis. On the other hand, the IC50 value and binding energy of precursor compound 3 was 3.90 ± 1.91 µM and -6.1 kcal/mol, respectively. Consequently, 5b and 7e can serve as important inhibitors of urease.
  15. Daker M, Bhuvanendran S, Ahmad M, Takada K, Khoo AS
    Mol Med Rep, 2013 Mar;7(3):731-41.
    PMID: 23292678 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2012.1253
    Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a unique tumour of epithelial origin with a distinct geographical distribution, closely associated with the Epstein‑Barr virus (EBV). EBV‑encoded RNAs (EBERs) are small non‑polyadenylated RNAs that are abundantly expressed in latent EBV‑infected NPC cells. To study the role of EBERs in NPC, we established stable expression of EBERs in HK1, an EBV‑negative NPC cell line. Cells expressing EBERs consistently exhibited an increased growth rate. However, EBERs did not confer resistance towards cisplatin‑induced apoptosis or promote migration or invasion ability in the cells tested. Using microarray gene expression profiling, we identified potential candidate genes that were deregulated in NPC cells expressing EBERs. Gene Ontology analysis of the data set revealed that EBERs upregulate the cellular lipid metabolic process. Upregulation of low‑density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) and fatty acid synthase (FASN) was observed in EBER‑expressing cells. NPC cells exhibited LDL‑dependent cell proliferation. In addition, a polyphenolic flavonoid compound, quercetin, known to inhibit FASN, was found to inhibit proliferation of NPC cells.
  16. Alam SS, Masukujjaman M, Ahmad M, Jaffor R
    PMID: 36589518 DOI: 10.1007/s10639-022-11533-3
    Nowadays, the teaching methods are changed from offline to online primarily for the advent of the internet facility. The Industrial Revolution 4.0 ("Education 4.0") stresses offering online courses at the university level. The study aims to find out the factors influencing students' intentions to admit to online distance learning courses. In addition, the study wanted to establish the utilitarian and hedonic value construct in mediating the association between attitude and intention. Based on an intensive literature survey, an extended Technology Acceptance Model was proposed including some cognitive and technology-specific factors to test empirically. This is a quantitative study with an exploratory and descriptive scope and cross-sectional design. The information was gathered by applying the convenience sampling method from 293 Malaysian students who participated in anonymous surveys. The obtained data were analyzed using structural equation modeling applying AMOS 21 version. The study reveals that hedonic value, utilitarian value, perceived ease of use, and attitude except for perceived usefulness, affect behavioral intention to accept online distance learning courses except for perceived usefulness construct. The antecedents of utilitarian value are perceived fees, attitude, perceived usefulness, and perceived ease of use, whereas the antecedents of hedonic value are perceived fees, attitude, and perceived usefulness, except for perceived ease of use. Finally, self-efficacy affects perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and attitude towards joining online distance learning courses. This study's conclusions will benefit all stakeholders in the education system who are considering or have already adopted e-learning.
  17. Kuswandi B, Putri FK, Gani AA, Ahmad M
    J Food Sci Technol, 2015 Dec;52(12):7655-68.
    PMID: 26604341 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-015-1882-4
    The use of chemometrics to analyse infrared spectra to predict pork adulteration in the beef jerky (dendeng) was explored. In the first step, the analysis of pork in the beef jerky formulation was conducted by blending the beef jerky with pork at 5-80 % levels. Then, they were powdered and classified into training set and test set. The second step, the spectra of the two sets was recorded by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy using atenuated total reflection (ATR) cell on the basis of spectral data at frequency region 4000-700 cm(-1). The spectra was categorised into four data sets, i.e. (a) spectra in the whole region as data set 1; (b) spectra in the fingerprint region (1500-600 cm(-1)) as data set 2; (c) spectra in the whole region with treatment as data set 3; and (d) spectra in the fingerprint region with treatment as data set 4. The third step, the chemometric analysis were employed using three class-modelling techniques (i.e. LDA, SIMCA, and SVM) toward the data sets. Finally, the best result of the models towards the data sets on the adulteration analysis of the samples were selected and the best model was compared with the ELISA method. From the chemometric results, the LDA model on the data set 1 was found to be the best model, since it could classify and predict 100 % accuracy of the sample tested. The LDA model was applied toward the real samples of the beef jerky marketed in Jember, and the results showed that the LDA model developed was in good agreement with the ELISA method.
  18. Al-Ahmad M, Ali A, Khalaf M, Alterki A, Rodriguez-Bouza T
    BMC Pulm Med, 2023 Jul 18;23(1):266.
    PMID: 37464395 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02556-8
    BACKGROUND: The clinical heterogeneity of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and bronchial asthma is attributable to different underlying inflammatory profiles. However, the similarity between CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and type-2 asthma pathophysiology speculates that one biological therapy could affect both comorbidities. Despite dupilumab, a monoclonal antibody that targets IL-4α and IL-13 receptors, being used in patients with nasal polyps and severe asthma, real-life data about its efficacy in improving the quality of life and patient symptoms is still lacking. This study's primary objective was to evaluate dupilumab treatment's effect on the frequency of olfactory symptoms and health-related quality of life tests as measured by the Sino-nasal outcome test (SNOT-22) in patients with NP. The secondary objective was the effect of dupilumab on asthma symptom control as measured by the asthma control test (ACT).

    METHODS: A prospective study was conducted of 166 patients with CRSwNP, with or without asthma. The following variables were collected at baseline and after at least six months of continuous dupilumab therapy; SNOT-22, olfactory symptoms frequency, and ACT score.

    RESULTS: Asthma prevalence in patients with CRSwNP was high (59.63%), and being female with a history of frequent use of oral corticosteroid (OCS) courses and repeated unsuccessful nasal and para-nasal surgeries for polyposis increased the likelihood of having underlying asthma by 2, 1 and 4 times more, respectively. Additionally, being asthmatic required a longer duration of dupilumab treatment. However, both the health-related quality of life and olfactory symptoms improved equally in both groups.

    CONCLUSION: Even with associated comorbid asthma in patients with CRSwNP, treatment with dupilumab could improve the quality of life, olfactory symptoms, and asthma symptom control.

  19. Ahmad M, Ahmad A, Omar TFT, Mohammad R
    Crit Rev Anal Chem, 2024;54(8):2734-2744.
    PMID: 37052389 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2199432
    Increasing acidity of seawater caused by increasing anthropogenic carbon dioxide absorbed into the seawater attracted the interest of researchers due to increased concern on the deterioration of marine systems and food supply to humans. Total alkalinity (TA) is one of the important parameters in determining carbonate chemistry and is described as the capacity of the sample to neutralize acids. Over the last two decades, many analytical techniques have been developed to determine TA. This article presents a review of different analytical techniques including titration, colorimetric, spectrophotometric, and potentiometric analyses in measuring TA. Among these analytical techniques, potentiometry analysis, which utilizes electrode systems such as glass electrode and ion-selective electrode used as indicator electrodes, is the most used technique. Important features such as principle, limitations, and challenges of the involved technique are discussed in detail.
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links